Use of dietary fibres against muscle wasting

Abstract

A composition nutritional containing dietary fibers is useful for the treatment of muscle wasting, if the dietary fiber comprise at least 30 wt. % of galacto-oligosaccharides or other oligosaccharides having mainly anhydropyranose units, and having a chain length of 3-10 units. The composition may further contain other oligo- or polysaccharides, especially polysaccharides having a majority of anhydrofuranose units.

Claims

1. A method for the treatment of muscle wasting and/or chronic muscle wasting and/or sarcopenia, the method comprising administering to a patient suffering from muscle wasting, chronic muscle wasting and/or sarcopenia a nutritional composition comprising dietary fibre, wherein the dietary fiber comprises at least 30 wt. % of galactooligosaccharides having a chain length of 3-10 anhydromonose units and having a majority of anhydropyranose units.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the anhydropyranose units are selected from the group of galactose, mannose, xylose, their deoxy forms, amino forms and N-acylamino forms.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the dietary fibre comprises 30-96 wt. % of oligosaccharides in which the anhydromonose units have a majority of anhydro-galactose units and 4-50 wt. % of oligosaccharides and/or polysaccharides in which the anhydro-monose units have a majority of anhydrofructose units.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the dietary fibre comprises 50 to 100 wt % of the oligosaccharides having a chain length of 3-10 anhydromonose units.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the dietary fibre comprises 70 to 98 wt. % of the oligosaccharides having a chain length of 3-10 anhydromonose units.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the muscle wasting is associated with surgery, a trauma or inflammation.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the nutritional composition further comprises digestible carbohydrates, fats, proteins or a combination thereof.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the nutritional composition further comprises digestible carbohydrates, and the digestible carbohydrates comprise 20-80 wt. % of low-glycemic index and/or low-sweetness sugars selected from galactose, mannose, lactose, trehalose, palatinose and isomalto-oligosaccharides.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the nutritional composition is a liquid composition having a viscosity of less than 35 Mpa.Math.s at a shear rate of 100 sec.sup.1 at 20 C.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the nutritional composition has an energy density between 5.0 and 16.8 kJ/ml (1.2 and 4.0 kcal/ml).

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the nutritional composition has an energy density between 5.4 and 8.4 KJ/ml (1.3 and 2.0 kcal/ml).

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises a component supporting nucleotide synthesis and folate metabolism.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the component supporting nucleotide synthesis and folate metabolism is folate in an amount of 50-1000 g per g of fibre composition.

14. The method according to claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises a carbohydrate fraction having a glycemic index of less than 70% the glycemic index of glucose.

15. The method according to claim 1, comprising administering to a patient suffering from sarcopenia the nutritional composition.

16. The method according to claim 1, wherein the dietary fiber further comprises fructopolysaccharides or inulin.

17. The method according to claim 7, wherein the composition comprises 48-70 wt % essential amino acids.

Description

EXAMPLE 1

(1) Material & Methods

(2) Male CD2F1 mice (BALB/cDBA/2, Harlan, the Netherlands) were used and the C-26 adenocarcinoma cells were used to induce cachexia in the tumour-bearing groups (TB), whereas the control mice (C) received a sham injection. The food consisted of 51% galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) and fructo-polysaccharides (9:1), 19% maltodextrin, 16% lactose and 14% glucose in experiment 1. In experiment 2, the FOS was replaced by additional GOS. GOS spray-dried powder of trans-galacto-oligosaccharides having a degree of polymerisation (dp) 3-8 (Vivinal G O S, Borculo Domo, Zwolle, N L) and FOS had a high degree of polymerisation (Raftiline H P, Orafti, Wijchen, N L; average dp>23). Following inoculation of tumour cells, tumour mass and skeletal muscles (extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus muscles) were dissected and weighed.

(3) Experiment 1 Control mice=C Tumour-bearing mice=TB Tumour-bearing+GOS/FOS=TB-Gos Fos

(4) Experiment 2 Control mice=C Tumour-bearing mice=TB Tumour-bearing+GOS=TB-Gos
Results

(5) The table below represents the muscular mass (mg, +% loss to C) of experiments 1 and 2.

(6) TABLE-US-00001 m. EDL m. Soleus Experiment 1 C 9.5 0.8* 6.5 0.6* TB 7.7 0.6 (19.0%) 5.5 0.7 (15.4%) TB-Gos Fos 8.2 0.6 (13.7%)* 5.8 0.9 (10.6%) Reduction in mass loss 28% 30% by Gos/Fos Experiment 2 C 9.8 0.8* 7.5 0.7* TB 7.7 0.6 (21.4%) 5.6 0.4 (25.3%) TB-Gos 8.2 0.6 (16.3%)* 6.2 0.6 (17.3%)* Reduction in mass loss 26% 32% by Gos/Fos

(7) From the present data is concluded that galacto-oligosaccharides are responsible for the attenuation of the muscular loss in cancer cachexia. The asterisks (*) show statistical difference (P<0.025) with TB group.

EXAMPLE 2

(8) A liquid formula was prepared for patients that suffer from chronic muscle wasting. It contains per 100 ml

(9) TABLE-US-00002 Energy 658 kJ (157 kcal) Protein [8.2 g casein and whey, 1.8 g Leu] 10.0 g Lipids [marine oil, vegetable] 5.3 g a. EPA 0.56 g b. DHA 0.27 g Carbohydrates 17.4 g a. sucrose 4.21 g b. maltodextrin 8.42 g c. trehalose 4.21 g d. lactose 0.59 g Fibre 2.05 g a. inulin DP>20 0.1 g b. hydrolysed inulin DP<20 0.08 g c. GOS 1.53 g d. resistant starch 0.05 g e. cellulose 0.31 g

EXAMPLE 3

(10) A liquid formula was prepared for patients suffering from chronic muscle wasting. The formula contains per 100 ml:

(11) TABLE-US-00003 Energy 662 kJ (158 kcal) Protein [casein, whey + 1 g Leu, 10.0 g 0.5 g Met, 0.5 g Arg] Lipids [marine oil, vegetable] 5.3 g Carbohydrates [saccharide blend] 17.5 g Fibre [GOS + polyfructose 9:1] 2.1 g Ash 1.2 g

EXAMPLE 4

(12) A liquid formula was prepared for patients suffering from chronic muscle wasting. The formula contains per 100 ml:

(13) TABLE-US-00004 Energy 587 kJ (140 kcal) Protein [casein + 0.9 g Leu, 0.5 g Ile, 0.2 g Val] 9 g Lipids 5.0 g Carbohydrates (10 wt. % free ribose) 15 g Fibre [hydrolysed guar + GOS ratio 3:7] 1.5 g Minerals/trace elements/vitamins including 2.0 g 60 g folate

EXAMPLE 5

(14) A liquid formula for patients suffering from chronic muscle wasting contains per 100 ml:

(15) TABLE-US-00005 Protein [casein 6.1 + whey 2.9 + free Leu 1.1] 10.1 g Lipids [EPA 0.6, DHA 0.29, -3/-6 = 1.16, 5.6 g PUFA's 2.5; MUFA 1.5; saturated 0.76] Digestible carbohydrates [sucrose 3.92, lactose 0.7 16.4 g maltodextrins 7.84; trehalose 3.92] Fibre [hydrolysed inulin DP <20 0.2 + GOS 1.8] 2.0 g Minerals/trace elements/vitamins