BRIDGE CAP AND FASTENING UNIT FOR FASTENING A BRIDGE CAP

Abstract

A bridge cap which for fastening to a bridge has a fastening unit with a fastener and with a guide device that includes a cylindrical anchor sleeve. This invention also relates to a fastening unit for fastening a bridge cap. A low production and assembly cost is achieved in that the fastening unit is composed of separate individual parts, which in addition to the anchor sleeve, include a separate transition piece that has a first cylindrical section adapted to the diameter of the anchor sleeve and a second cylindrical section oriented away from the first and oriented toward an outside of the bridge cap.

Claims

1. A bridge cap (70) for fastening to a bridge (90), having a fastening unit (1) with a fastener (80) and a guide device (10) including a cylindrical anchor sleeve (50), the bridge cap (70) comprising the fastening unit (1) of separate individual parts, which in addition to the anchor sleeve (50), include a separate transition piece (40) having a first cylindrical section (44) adapted to a diameter of the anchor sleeve (50) and a second cylindrical section (42) oriented away from the first and oriented toward an outside (74) of the bridge cap (70).

2. The bridge cap (70) according to claim 1, wherein the individual parts of the fastening unit (1) also have a bottom part (60) expanded in comparison to the anchor sleeve (50), with an opening (61) adapted to the diameter of the anchor sleeve (50), with the bottom part (60) being accommodated in a recess (73) on the contact side (75) of the bridge cap (70) remote from the outside (74).

3. The bridge cap (70) according to claim 2, wherein the individual parts of the fastening unit (1) have a compensation sleeve (30) with a diameter adapted to the second cylindrical section (42) with a length such that the compensation sleeve (30) extends the guide device (10) from the transition piece (40) at least into the vicinity of the outside (74) of the bridge cap (70).

4. The bridge cap (70) according to claim 3, wherein a cover (20) is provided by which the compensation sleeve (30) can be closed from the outside (74).

5. The bridge cap (70) according to claim 4, wherein the compensation sleeve (30) has a larger diameter than the anchor sleeve (50), with the transition piece (40) transitioning from the diameter of the compensation sleeve (30) to the diameter of the anchor sleeve (50).

6. The bridge cap (70) according to claim 5, wherein the fastening unit (1) is aligned with the bridge in a direction of the surface normal of the outside (74) of a top section (71) or of a side section (72) of the bridge cap (70) or of the contact side (75) of the bridge cap (70) or is aligned so that it is inclined at an angle of at least 10 relative to a surface normal.

7. The bridge cap (70) according to claim 6, wherein at least the compensation sleeve (30), the transition piece (40), and the anchor sleeve (50) are inserted into the bridge cap (70) during production of the bridge cap (70).

8. The bridge cap (70) according to claim 7, wherein in a transition region (43) between the first and second cylindrical sections (44, 42), the transition piece (40) of the fastening unit (1) has a contact surface for a head element of the fastener (80); when the fastener (80) is inserted all the way in, a threaded section oriented away from the head element protrudes beyond the contact side (75) of the bridge cap (70) to produce the connection to the bridge.

9. The bridge cap (70) according to claim 8, wherein the cover (20) has a seal (25) and/or a covering section (21) with a bevel (22) and the cover (20) is inserted with a cylindrical section (24) into the compensation sleeve (30).

10. The bridge cap (70) according to claim 9, wherein the fastener (80) is a screw that can be loosened again.

11. A fastening unit (1) for fastening a bridge cap to a bridge (90), comprising a fastener (80) and a guide device (10) including a cylindrical anchor sleeve (50), the fastening unit (1) of separate, individual parts which in addition to the anchor sleeve (50) include a separate transition piece (40) that has a first cylindrical section (44) adapted to the diameter of the anchor sleeve (50) and a second cylindrical section (42) oriented away from the first.

12. The fastening unit (1) according to claim 11, wherein the individual parts of the fastening unit (1) also have a bottom part (60) that is expanded in comparison to the anchor sleeve (50), with an opening (61) that is adapted to the diameter of the anchor sleeve (50).

13. The fastening unit (1) according to claim 12, wherein the individual parts of the fastening unit (1) also have a compensation sleeve (30) with a diameter adapted to the second cylindrical section (42).

14. The fastening unit (1) according to claim 13, wherein a cover (20) is provided by which the compensation sleeve (30) can be closed starting at an upper edge (41) oriented away from the transition piece (40).

15. The fastening unit (1) according to claim 13, wherein the compensation sleeve (30) has a larger diameter than the anchor sleeve (50), with the transition piece (40) transitioning from the diameter of the compensation sleeve (30) to the diameter of the anchor sleeve (50).

16. The fastening unit (1) according to claim 15, wherein the upper edge (41) of the compensation sleeve (30) lies in a plane that is expanded perpendicularly or obliquely relative to a longitudinal centerline so that the fastening unit (1) can be installed in a bridge cap (70) and can be oriented in a direction of a surface normal or inclined at a defined angle of at least 10 relative to the surface normal.

17. The fastening unit (1) according to claim 16, wherein in a transition region (43) between the first and second cylindrical sections (44, 42), the transition piece (40) of the fastening unit (1) has a contact surface for a head element of the fastener (80).

18. The fastening unit (1) according to claim 17, wherein the cover (20) has a seal (25) and/or a covering section (21) with a bevel (22) and the cover (20) is inserted with a cylindrical section (24) into the compensation sleeve (30).

19. The fastening unit (1) according to claim 18, wherein the cylindrical section (24) is provided with a circumferential groove (26) into which the seal (25) is inserted.

20. The fastening unit (1) according to claim 19, wherein the fastener (80) is a screw that can be loosened again.

21. The fastening unit (1) according to claim 12, wherein the individual parts of the fastening unit (1) are or can be at least partially preassembled.

22. The bridge cap (70) according to claim 1, wherein the individual parts of the fastening unit (1) have a compensation sleeve (30) with a diameter adapted to the second cylindrical section (42) with a length such that the compensation sleeve (30) extends the guide device (10) from the transition piece (40) at least into the vicinity of the outside (74) of the bridge cap (70).

23. The bridge cap (70) according to claim 3, wherein the compensation sleeve (30) has a larger diameter than the anchor sleeve (50), with the transition piece (40) transitioning from the diameter of the compensation sleeve (30) to the diameter of the anchor sleeve (50).

24. The bridge cap (70) according to claim 1, wherein the fastening unit (1) is aligned with the bridge in a direction of the surface normal of the outside (74) of a top section (71) or of a side section (72) of the bridge cap (70) or of the contact side (75) of the bridge cap (70) or is aligned so that it is inclined at an angle of at least 10 relative to a surface normal.

25. The bridge cap (70) according to claim 3, wherein at least the compensation sleeve (30), the transition piece (40), and the anchor sleeve (50) are inserted into the bridge cap (70) during production of the bridge cap (70).

26. The bridge cap (70) according to claim 1, wherein in a transition region (43) between the first and second cylindrical sections (44, 42), the transition piece (40) of the fastening unit (1) has a contact surface for a head element of the fastener (80); when the fastener (80) is inserted all the way in, a threaded section oriented away from the head element protrudes beyond the contact side (75) of the bridge cap (70) to produce the connection to the bridge.

27. The bridge cap (70) according to claim 4, wherein the cover (20) has a seal (25) and/or a covering section (21) with a bevel (22) and the cover (20) is inserted with a cylindrical section (24) into the compensation sleeve (30).

28. The bridge cap (70) according to claim 1, wherein the fastener (80) is a screw that can be loosened again.

29. The fastening unit (1) according to claim 11, wherein the individual parts of the fastening unit (1) also have a compensation sleeve (30) with a diameter adapted to the second cylindrical section (42).

30. The fastening unit (1) according to claim 14, wherein the upper edge (41) of the compensation sleeve (30) lies in a plane that is expanded perpendicularly or obliquely relative to a longitudinal centerline so that the fastening unit (1) can be installed in a bridge cap (70) and can be oriented in a direction of a surface normal or inclined at a defined angle of at least 10 relative to the surface normal.

31. The fastening unit (1) according to claim 11, wherein in a transition region (43) between the first and second cylindrical sections (44, 42), the transition piece (40) of the fastening unit (1) has a contact surface for a head element of the fastener (80).

32. The fastening unit (1) according to claim 14, wherein the cover (20) has a seal (25) and/or a covering section (21) with a bevel (22) and the cover (20) is inserted with a cylindrical section (24) into the compensation sleeve (30).

33. The fastening unit (1) according to claim 11, wherein the fastener (80) is a screw that can be loosened again.

34. The fastening unit (1) according to claim 11, wherein the individual parts of the fastening unit (1) are or can be at least partially preassembled.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] This invention is explained in greater detail in view of exemplary embodiments and referring to the drawings, wherein:

[0029] FIG. 1 is a perspective schematic view of a bridge with bridge caps;

[0030] FIG. 2 is a side view of a guide device of a fastening unit;

[0031] FIG. 3A is a side view of a cover, according to FIG. 2;

[0032] FIG. 3B is a top view of a cover, according to FIG. 2;

[0033] FIG. 4A is a side view of a compensation sleeve, according to FIG. 2;

[0034] FIG. 4B shows a compensation sleeve according to FIG. 2, in a perspective view from above;

[0035] FIG. 5A shows a transition piece according to FIG. 2, in a perspective view from the side;

[0036] FIG. 5B is a top view of the transition piece, according to FIG. 2;

[0037] FIG. 6A is a side view of an anchor sleeve, according to FIG. 2;

[0038] FIG. 6B shows an anchor sleeve according to FIG. 2, in a perspective view from above;

[0039] FIG. 7A shows a bottom part according to FIG. 2, in a perspective view from the side;

[0040] FIG. 7B is a top view of the bottom part according to FIG. 2;

[0041] FIG. 8 shows a guide device of a fastening unit in an oblique perspective view from the side;

[0042] FIG. 9A is a side view of a cover for a guide device according to FIG. 8;

[0043] FIG. 9B is a top view of a cover according to FIG. 9A;

[0044] FIG. 10A shows the bottom part according to FIG. 8, in a perspective view from the side;

[0045] FIG. 10B is a top view of the bottom part according to FIG. 8; and

[0046] FIG. 11 is a schematic side view of a bridge cap with one fastening unit at the top and one fastening unit at the side.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0047] FIG. 1 shows a bridge section 90 with side parts 91 that constitute or form the lateral end in the longitudinal direction of the bridge section 90. Segmented bridge caps 70 that are embodied as separate components are fastened to the side parts 91. The bridge caps 70 can be embodied as solid, without cavities (left side in FIG. 1) or can be provided with cavities (right side in FIG. 1). With a corresponding embodiment, the cavities can be used for installing cables, pipes, or the like. A curbstone, such as composed of natural stone, can be fastened to or integrated into the bridge caps 70.

[0048] The bridge caps 70, which are L-shaped when viewed in cross-section, are brought at least partially into contact with the bridge by a contact side 75. They have top sections 71, which rest on top of side parts 91, and side sections 72, which laterally embrace the side parts 91 of the bridge section 90. The side sections 72 of the bridge cap 70 thus offer a lateral protection of the bridge section 90 and promote a stable position of the bridge cap 70. In addition to the position, the bridge cap 70 can also be mounted in other regions, such as with the top section 71 placed against the side parts 91 from beneath. Another embodiment of the bridge cap 90 is also possible, for example without side sections 72, which could also be mounted between two lanes.

[0049] The bridge cap 70 is mounted to the side parts 91 by fastening units 1, which each have a respective fastener 80 and a guide device 10 inserted into the bridge cap 70. The fasteners 80 are provided in the form of bolts, in particular detachable screw connections, which engage with counterpart elements that are adapted to them in position and shape. In this case, the screws are embodied as self-tapping, for example, in order to facilitate fastening and are made of a non-rusting material. The other individual parts of the fastening unit 1 are made of corrosion-resistant material.

[0050] FIG. 2 shows the guide device 10 as well as a cover 20 for closing the guide device 10 in one embodiment. It includes a plurality of individual parts, which are arranged along a common, vertically extending longitudinal centerline. At the top is the cover 20. The cover 20 is adjoined on its underside by a cylindrical compensation sleeve 30, which connects to a transition piece 40 that encompasses it circumferentially. The transition piece 40 leads to a cylindrical anchor sleeve 50 to which a bottom part 60 is connected.

[0051] As shown in FIGS. 3A and B, the cover 20 has a disc-like covering section 21 with a bevel 22, which transitions into an annular surface 23 oriented in the direction of a cylindrical section 24. The annular surface 23 constitutes or forms a step-like transition to the cylindrical section 24, which adjoins the covering section 21. It is produced by the fact that the underside of the covering section 21 has a larger diameter than a top of the cylindrical section 24. The cylindrical section 24 is provided with a circumferential groove 26 whose shape is adapted to a seal 25, into which groove the seal 26 is inserted. The groove 26 ensures a defined and stabilized position of the seal 25, which in this case is embodied as an O-ring, and ensures a good seal. It is also possible to use a seal with a different shape, for example with a square cross-section, and/or to use a plurality of seals 25. The seal 25 could also be mounted to a different section of the cover 20, such as to its annular surface 23, in which case a flat embodiment would be advantageous. The end of the cover 20 remote from the covering section 21 is composed of a flat underside 27 or a terminal edge of the cylindrical section 24 that is hollow or is composed of solid material.

[0052] The compensation sleeve 30 adjoining the cover 20, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, is of or composed of a cylindrical pipe. The diameter of the pipe is such that it encompasses the cylindrical section 24 of the cover 20 in a form-fitting fashion.

[0053] As shown in FIG. 3A, the compensation sleeve 30 has a circumferential upper terminal edge 34 of the compensation sleeve 31 spaced radially apart from the longitudinal centerline, an outer surface 32, and a circumferential lower terminal edge 34 spaced radially apart from the longitudinal center line. FIG. 3B shows the inner surface of the compensation sleeve 33.

[0054] FIGS. 5A and 5B show the transition piece 40, which extends between the compensation sleeve 30 and the anchor sleeve 50, as shown in FIG. 2. It is hollow in order to accommodate and guide a fastener 80 that extends through it. The transition piece 40 has a circumferential upper terminal edge 41, which is spaced radially apart from the longitudinal centerline and extends in the direction of the compensation sleeve 30. The upper edge 41 delimits a second cylindrical section 42 in in the direction of the compensation sleeve 30. At the end opposite from the upper edge 41, the second cylindrical section 42 is adjoined by a step-like transition region 43 that has a radially extending annular surface 46 arranged concentric to the longitudinal center line, which is visible in FIG. 5B. At the end remote from the upper edge of the transition piece 41, the transition region 43 transitions into a first cylindrical section 44 that is likewise arranged concentric to the longitudinal centerline. The first cylindrical section 44 has a smaller diameter than the second cylindrical section 42. The first cylindrical section 44 comes to an end at a circumferential lower terminal edge 45, which is spaced radially apart from the longitudinal centerline and extends in the direction of the anchor sleeve 50. The inner diameters of the first and second cylindrical sections 44 and 42 are embodied such that the respective ends of the anchor sleeve 50 and the compensation sleeve 30 can be inserted into them in a form-fitting fashion.

[0055] Like the compensation sleeve 30, the anchor sleeve 50 shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B is of or composed of a cylindrical pipe. In comparison to the compensation sleeve 30, however, it has a smaller diameter. FIG. 6A shows a circumferential upper terminal edge 51 of the anchor sleeve, which is spaced radially apart from the longitudinal centerline, an outer surface 52, and a circumferential lower terminal edge 54 of the anchor sleeve, which is spaced radially apart from the longitudinal center line. FIG. 6B also shows the inner surface of the anchor sleeve 53.

[0056] As shown in FIG. 2, the guide device 10 also has a bottom part 60. This is shown in greater detail in FIGS. 7A and 7B. As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the bottom part 60 is embodied as cylindrical and is provided with a centered opening 61, which has an opening wall 62 that is visible in FIG. 7A. It is also possible for the bottom part to be a different shape, for example polygonal, in particular square. The opening 61 could also be provided with a fitting that extends the opening wall 62 upward. The smoothly embodied top surface 63 transitions via a transition bevel into a cylindrical side surface 65, which is adjoined by a bottom surface 66 oriented away from the top surface 63. FIG. 7B shows bores 67, which can extend to the bottom side 66 and can be used as fastening points. The bores can also be used for positioning the bottom part 60 on adjusting mandrels during production.

[0057] FIG. 8 shows another variant of the guide device 10 in which, by contrast with FIG. 2, no cover 20 is shown. In this case, its longitudinal centerline extends obliquely, such as at an angle relative to the normal of the surface on which the bottom plate 60 is positioned. The description below will focus only on the differences in comparison to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2. In this discussion, the same reference numerals are used for the same functional parts and in order to avoid repetition, reference is made to the foregoing statements.

[0058] The cover 20, which is provided for use with the guide device 10 from FIG. 8, is shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B. In this case, the cover 20 is embodied so that the covering section 21 that is attached to the cylindrical section 24 is situated, for example, parallel to the surface on which the bottom plate 60 is positioned. When inserted, the cylindrical section is coaxial to the longitudinal centerline of the guide device 10. This embodiment is achieved in that the top surface 29 of the cylindrical section 24 on which the covering section 21 rests is oriented obliquely relative to the longitudinal center line so that it extends, for example, parallel to the surface on which the bottom plate 60 is positioned. The underside 27, however, extends in a plane oriented at right angles to the longitudinal center line or has a circumferential edge spaced radially apart from it extending in this plane. FIG. 9B also shows a fixing or fixing means 28 for fixing the covering section 21 in position on the cylindrical section 24, which are preferably embodied in the form of screws and are sunk flush into the covering section 21 so that they ensure a smooth surface. To accommodate a tool in a form-fitting fashion, they have hexagonal openings, but these can also have a different shape. The cover 20 could also be fastened in a different way, for example by being glued. The cover 20 that is embodied in the above-described way can close the compensation sleeve 30, which extends axially relative to the longitudinal centerline, in a flush, leak-tight fashion. This is because, as is clear from FIG. 8, the upper edge of the compensation sleeve 31 is likewise formed so that it is arranged parallel to the surface on which the bottom plate 60 is positioned or is arranged parallel to the adjacent top surface of the bridge cap. The lower edge of the compensation sleeve extends in a plane oriented at right angles to the longitudinal centerline.

[0059] The transition piece 40 and anchor sleeve 50 shown in FIG. 8 correspond in their form to the parts respectively described in FIGS. 5A and 5B and 6A and 6B. The bottom plate 60 shown in FIG. 8, however, has differences relative to the embodiment according to FIG. 2 in that the opening wall 62 of the opening 61 extends along the longitudinal centerline, while the top and bottom sides 63 and 66 extend parallel to the surface. Consequently, the compensation sleeve 30 and the anchor sleeve 50 are shown inclined obliquely relative to the bottom plate 60, as shown in FIG. 8.

[0060] The individual parts can be at least partially preassembled according to FIG. 2. Thus, the compensation sleeve 30 and the anchor sleeve 50 are each inserted in a form-fitting fashion into the respective second and first cylindrical section 42 and 44, respectively, of the transition piece 40. Advantageously, the sleeves are inserted into the transition piece 40 instead of the sleeves being slid over the transition piece 40. This avoids the presence of a step inside the sleeve in the assembled state. One connection variant in this case is to screw the sleeve into the transition piece 40. In this case, a thread is provided on the parts of the compensation sleeve 30 and anchor sleeve 50 that protrude into the transition piece 40 and is provided in the inner walls of the cylindrical sections 42 and 44. Preferably, the components are inserted into one another. During the insertion of the compensation sleeve 30, the annular surface 46 of the transition piece 40 can function as a stop. It is also possible to embody the annular surface 46 in such a way that it protrudes somewhat into the annular opening toward the second cylindrical section in order to likewise function as a stop for the upper edge of the anchor sleeve 51.

[0061] Optionally, it is also possible for the bottom part 60 to already be preassembled by being fastened to the anchor sleeve 50. Thus, the anchor sleeve 50 can likewise be screwed or inserted into the bottom part or also be fastened by lateral connecting pieces, such as by welding.

[0062] The preassembled parts can then be simply inserted into the bridge caps 70 during the production of the bridge caps 70, for example by being cast into them. The bottom part 60 in this case is situated in a recess 73 of the bridge cap 70 so that it comes to an end flush with the lower surface (contact side 75) of the bridge cap 70 or protrudes slightly, at least not to a large degree, and apart from this the bridge cap 70 is at least partially supported in a stable fashion on its contact side 75. In this case, the anchor sleeve 50 points in the direction of the contact side 75 and the compensation sleeve 30 points in the direction of the outside 74 of the bridge cap 70 oriented away from the contact side 75. The guide device 10 can be oriented in the direction of the surface normal of an outside 74 of the top section 71, a side section 72 of the bridge cap 70, or the outside 75 of the bridge cap oriented toward the bridge, as shown by way of example in FIG. 11. It can also be oriented at an oblique angle of at least 10 relative to the relevant surface normal.

[0063] In addition, the guide device 10 can be adapted to bridge caps 70 of different thicknesses d in that compensation sleeves 30 of different lengths are used or these are correspondingly cut to length before or after installation. The length adaptation by the compensation sleeve 30 that is preferably of or composed of a pipe is advantageous because this permits an advantageous standard component to be used for the pipe. In the adapted state, the compensation sleeve 30 should extend at least close to the outside 73 of the bridge cap 70 so that the cover 20 can be placed onto the compensation sleeve 30 in a sealed fashion. The compensation sleeve could also be omitted, for example in the event of small thicknesses d of the bridge cap 70. Then, the cover 20 is advantageously formed so that it can be placed onto the transition piece 40 in a sealed fashion.

[0064] In the unassembled state, both when embodied for installation in the normal direction and when embodied for installation in the oblique direction, the above-described individual parts of the fastening unit 1 constitute or form an adapted kit or one that can be easily adapted to the installation situation.

[0065] When the bridge cap 70 is installed on a bridge section 90, the guide device 10 functions as both a passage and a receptacle for the fastener 80. In addition, it is suitable for use as a drilling jig, for example for mounting counterpart elements of the fasteners 80 to the bridge. The fact that the diameter of the compensation sleeve 30 is enlarged relative to that of the anchor sleeve 50 permits the fastener 80 to be easily inserted into the guide device, fed through the anchor sleeve 50, preferably with a small amount of play, and clamped into the relevant counterpart element of the bridge through the use of a tool in such a way that it exerts the clamping forces required to fasten the bridge cap 70. In this connection, the head element of the fastener 80 comes into contact with the annular surface 46 of the transition piece 40, which consequently functions as an abutment in order to absorb the clamping forces over a larger area. During the clamping of the fastener 80, the bottom part 60 of the guide device 10 is also pressed against a sealing device situated between the contact side 75 of the bridge cap 70 and the bridge section 90. This produces an advantageous sealing action preventing, for example, the penetration of corrosion-promoting liquids such as salt water into the relevant elements of the fastening devices 80. Likewise for protection from such media, in the assembled state, the guide device 10 is closed in a sealed and flush fashion with a cover, which can in particular be the cover 20. The cover 20 is provided with the bevel 22 to facilitate assembly for this purpose. Alternatively, a seal of or composed, for example, of bitumen could also be used.

[0066] The above descriptions of the fastening unit 1 for fastening a bridge cap 70 demonstrate that with its being composed of individual parts and having a design that allows it to be partially preassembled, such a fastener can already be inserted into the bridge cap 70 during the production of the latter. With the fasteners 80 and the fitting covers 20 provided, it is thus possible to produce a bridge cap 70 with a fastening unit 1 that is prepared for a simple assembly. The construction from individual parts also enables a flexible adaptation to different installation positions and thicknesses d of different bridge caps, permitting the use of standard components, which optimizes costs.