ENGINEERING EPI STACKS FOR EXTREME WAFER THINNING
20250132163 ยท 2025-04-24
Inventors
- Raghuveer Satya MAKALA (Santa Clara, CA, US)
- Ruiying HAO (Santa Clara, CA, US)
- Devika S. GRANT (Santa Clara, CA, US)
- Balasubramanian Pranatharthiharan (Santa Clara, CA, US)
Cpc classification
H01L21/3086
ELECTRICITY
H01L21/0332
ELECTRICITY
H01L2224/83193
ELECTRICITY
H01L2224/29186
ELECTRICITY
H01L2224/32225
ELECTRICITY
H01L21/0262
ELECTRICITY
H01L21/3081
ELECTRICITY
H01L2224/29686
ELECTRICITY
H01L21/0337
ELECTRICITY
International classification
H01L21/02
ELECTRICITY
Abstract
Embodiments of the present disclosure include a thinned device structure and method of forming a thinned device structure. Embodiments of the disclosure provided herein include the use of engineered epitaxial (Epi) layers that are formed on a base substrate. The engineered epitaxial layers include two or more epitaxial layers that each include materials that allow at least one of the two or more epitaxial layers to be selectively removed from the other layer(s). In some embodiments, one of the two or more formed epitaxial layers has etch selectivity (e.g., wet and/or dry etch selectivity) to materials disposed on either side of the formed layer.
Claims
1. A method of forming a semiconductor device, comprising: depositing a first epitaxial layer disposed over a first side of a base substrate; depositing a second epitaxial layer disposed over a surface of the first epitaxial layer; depositing a third epitaxial layer disposed over a surface of the second epitaxial layer; forming a first semiconductor device structure, wherein the forming comprises etching patterned portions of the third epitaxial layer while using the second epitaxial layer as a stop layer for the etching; and from a second side of the base substrate, removing the base substrate by use of one or more first material removal processes while using the first epitaxial layer as a stop layer for the one or more first material removal processes; and removing the first epitaxial layer and the second epitaxial layer to expose the third epitaxial layer by use of one or more second material removal processes.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more second material removal processes comprise an etching process that includes the use of an etchant chemistry that selectively removes the first epitaxial layer and the second epitaxial layer relative to the third epitaxial layer.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: prior to the removing of the base substrate, bonding a bonding layer to the first semiconductor device structure and a component substrate assembly to the bonding layer.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein: the first epitaxial layer, the second epitaxial layer, and the third epitaxial layer each comprise an epitaxial (Epi) layer, the first epitaxial layer further comprises silicon (Si) and germanium (Ge), the second epitaxial layer further comprises silicon (Si) and carbon (C), the third epitaxial layer further comprises undoped silicon (Si), the base substrate comprises silicon (Si), and the bonding layer and the component substrate bonding layer each comprise a material selected from the group of SiO.sub.2, SiCN, SiN, SiOCN, and AlOx, and have a thickness between 1 m and 2 m.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: the first epitaxial layer further comprises carbon (C); and the second epitaxial layer further comprises germanium (Ge).
6. The method of claim 4, wherein: the first epitaxial layer comprises between about 5 at. % and about 30 at. % of germanium in silicon and has a thickness between 10 and 50 nm, the second epitaxial layer comprises between about 0.05 at. % and about 2 at. % of carbon in silicon and has a thickness between 10 and 60 nm, and the third epitaxial layer has a thickness between 100 and 300 nm.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein concentration of germanium is uniform in the first epitaxial layer.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the first epitaxial layer includes a portion with higher germanium (Ge) concentration near a first surface of the base substrate and a portion with lower germanium (Ge) concentration near the first surface of the first epitaxial layer.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the first epitaxial layer includes portions with higher germanium (Ge) concentration near a first surface of the base substrate and near the first surface of the first epitaxial layer, and a portion with lower germanium (Ge) concentration there between.
10. The method of claim 6, wherein the first epitaxial layer includes portions with lower germanium (Ge) concentration near a first surface of the base substrate and near the first surface of the first epitaxial layer, and a portion with higher germanium (Ge) concentration therebetween.
11. The method of claim 6, wherein germanium (Ge) concentration of the first epitaxial layer has a gradient with higher concentration near a first surface of the base substrate and lower concentration near the first surface of the first epitaxial layer.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein: the etching of the patterned portions of the third epitaxial layer uses an etchant chemistry that selectively removes the portions of the third epitaxial layer relative to the material of the second epitaxial layer, and the one or more second material removal processes comprise: removing the first epitaxial layer by use of an etching process that includes the use of an etchant chemistry that selectively removes the first epitaxial layer relative to the material of the second epitaxial layer; and removing the second epitaxial layer by use of an etching process that removes the second epitaxial layer relative to the material of the third epitaxial layer.
13. A method of forming a semiconductor device, comprising: forming a first epitaxial layer over a first side of a base substrate; forming a second epitaxial layer over a surface of the first epitaxial layer; forming a third epitaxial layer over a surface of the second epitaxial layer, wherein the third epitaxial layer is configured to form part of a semiconductor device; forming a semiconductor device structure, wherein the semiconductor device structure comprises a portion of the third epitaxial layer; forming a bonding layer over the semiconductor device structure; attaching a component substrate assembly to the bonding layer, wherein attaching the component substrate assembly to the bonding layer comprises bonding a component substrate bonding layer formed on the component substrate assembly to the bonding layer formed over semiconductor device structure; removing a portion of the base substrate disposed on a second side of the base substrate by use of first material removal process; removing the remaining portion of the base substrate by use of a second material removal process, wherein the second material removal process comprises an etching process that includes the use of an etchant chemistry that selectively removes the portions of the base substrate relative to the material of the first epitaxial layer; removing the first epitaxial layer by use of a third material removal process, wherein the third material removal process comprises an etching process that includes the use of an etchant chemistry that selectively removes the first epitaxial layer relative to the material of the second epitaxial layer; and removing the second epitaxial layer by use of a fourth material removal process, wherein the fourth material removal process comprises an etching process that removes the second epitaxial layer relative to the material of the third epitaxial layer.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein: the forming the semiconductor device further comprises etching a portion of the third epitaxial layer to expose at least a portion of the second epitaxial layer, and the etching process uses an etchant chemistry that selectively removes the portions of the third epitaxial layer relative to the material of the second epitaxial layer, the first epitaxial layer, the second epitaxial layer, and the third epitaxial layer each comprise an epitaxial (Epi) layer, the first epitaxial layer further comprises silicon (Si) and germanium (Ge), the second epitaxial layer further comprises silicon (Si) and carbon (C), the third epitaxial layer further comprises undoped silicon (Si), the base substrate comprises silicon (Si), and the bonding layer and the component substrate bonding layer each comprise a material selected from the group of SiO.sub.2, SiCN, SiN, SiOCN, and AlOx, and have a thickness between 1 m and 2 m.
15. The method of claim 13, wherein: the first epitaxial layer further comprises carbon (C); and the second epitaxial layer further comprises germanium (Ge).
16. The method of claim 13, wherein: the first epitaxial layer comprises between about 5 at. % and about 30 at. % of germanium in silicon and has a thickness between 20 and 50 nm, the second epitaxial layer comprises between about 0.1 at. % and about 2 at. % of carbon in silicon and has a thickness between 10 and 60 nm, and the third epitaxial layer has a thickness between 100 and 300 nm.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein concentration of germanium is uniform in the first epitaxial layer.
18. The method of claim 16, wherein concentration of germanium varies along a thickness of the first epitaxial layer.
19. A thinned device structure, comprising: a semiconductor device structure comprising: a first epitaxial layer having first side, a second side opposite to the first side, and a thickness of between 100 and 300 nm, wherein the first side comprises an exposed surface; a first bonding layer disposed over the semiconductor device structure and the second side of the first epitaxial layer; and a component substrate assembly bonded to the first bonding layer, wherein the first bonding layer formed over semiconductor device structure is bonded to a second bonding layer, and the component substrate assembly comprises portions of one or more integrated circuit (IC) devices that are formed on or within a component substrate of the component substrate assembly.
20. The thinned device structure of the claim 19, wherein: the first bonding layer comprises a fusion bonding layer; and the second bonding layer comprises a fusion bonding layer.
21. The thinned device structure of the claim 19, wherein: the first bonding layer comprises one or more metal interconnect layers; the second bonding layer comprises one or more metal interconnect layers; and the one or more metal interconnect layers of the first bonding layer and the one or more metal interconnect layers of the second bonding layer are in electrical communication.
22. The thinned device structure of claim 19, wherein: the first bonding layer and the second bonding layer comprise a material selected from a group comprising at least one of SiO.sub.2, SiCN, SiN, SiOCN, and AlOx.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] So that the manner in which the above recited features of the present disclosure can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the disclosure, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is to be noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate only exemplary embodiments and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, may admit to other equally effective embodiments.
[0010]
[0011]
[0012] To facilitate understanding, identical reference numerals have been used, where possible, to designate identical elements that are common to the figures. It is contemplated that elements and features of one embodiment may be beneficially incorporated in other embodiments without further recitation.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0013] Embodiments of the present disclosure include a thinned device structure and method of forming a thinned device structure. Embodiments of the disclosure provided herein include the use of engineered epitaxial (Epi) layers that are formed on a base substrate. The engineered epitaxial layers include two or more epitaxial layers that each include materials that allow at least one of the two or more epitaxial layers to be selectively removed from the other layer(s). In some embodiments, one of the two or more formed epitaxial layers has a desirable etch selectivity (e.g., wet and/or dry etch selectivity) to materials disposed on either side of the formed epitaxial layer.
[0014] In one example, the engineered epitaxial layers include an Epi carbon doped silicon (C-doped) layer that is formed on a surface of a base substrate (e.g., crystalline Si substrate) and an Epi germanium doped silicon (e.g., Ge-doped Si) layer that is formed on the Epi carbon doped silicon layer. In this example, the carbon doped silicon (C-doped) layer acts as a dual etch stop layer, which allows the germanium doped silicon layer to be selectively removed from one side of the carbon doped silicon layer by a first etching process and an epitaxially formed silicon layer (Epi-Si) layer to be selectively processed from the opposing side of the carbon doped silicon layer during a different stage of the processing sequence.
[0015]
[0016] At operation 102, as illustrated in
[0017] The first epitaxial layer 152 may additionally include other dopants, such as carbon (C). In one example, the first epitaxial layer 152 includes a SiGe layer that can be grown by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process at a temperature from 400 C. to 800 C.
[0018] At operation 104, as also illustrated in
[0019] At operation 106, as also illustrated in
[0020] At operation 108, a plurality of semiconductor processing steps are performed on the third epitaxial layer 156 of the stacked epitaxial layer structure 157 to form a device structure 158 that includes portions of or complete semiconductor devices. The semiconductor processing steps can include lithography and patterning steps, etching steps, deposition steps, polishing steps, thermal processing steps or other useful steps that are needed to form the semiconductor devices.
[0021] In some embodiments, operation 108 includes a first operation 108A that includes a series of process steps that is used to form patterned features 159 within the third epitaxial layer 156, as shown in
[0022] Operation 108 will typically further include a second operation 108B (
[0023] At operation 110, a bonding layer 160 is formed over the device structure 158. As shown in
[0024] At operation 112, as shown in
[0025] In some embodiments, the component substrate bonding layer 164 and the bonding layer 160 each include embedded metal interconnect layers that can be used to form a hybrid bonding connection between the devices formed in the device structure 158 and the devices formed on or within the device region 163 of the component substrate assembly 162. In this case, the process of bonding the substrates together will require an alignment process that allows the connections formed in the component substrate bonding layer 164 and the bonding layer 160 to make the desired interconnections during the bonding process. In other configurations, the component substrate bonding layer 164 and the bonding layer 160 are simply used to form a fusion bond between the component substrate assembly 162 and the device structure 158 and layers formed on the base substrate 150.
[0026] At operation 114, as shown in
[0027] In some embodiments of operation 114, an edge trimming process is performed, which is configured to remove a portion of the base substrate 150, the first epitaxial layer 152, second epitaxial layer 154, third epitaxial layer 156 and the bonding layer 160 found in an edge region of the bonded structure, while leaving at least a portion of the component substrate assembly 162 at the edge region. In some embodiments, the edge region is between about 1 mm and 5 mm at the peripheral edge of the base substrate 150. The edge trimming process can be performed by use of a laser ablation, mechanical scribing, polishing or grinding process.
[0028] At operation 116, as shown in
[0029] At operation 118, as shown in
[0030] At operation 120, as shown in
[0031] However, in some other embodiments of operation 120, the selectivity of the etching process performed during operation 120 can be controlled by use of a metrology-based endpoint detection process that is able to detect the completion of the selective removal of the second epitaxial layer 154 during operation 120. In one example, optical or etching byproduct analysis techniques (e.g., RGA) can be used to detect the endpoint of one or more of the processes performed during operation 120.
[0032] In one example of operation 120, the second epitaxial layer 154 is a carbon-doped Epi Si layer and the etchant used to remove the second epitaxial layer 154 includes wet or dry etching chemistries that are configured to selectively etch the carbon-doped Epi Si layer material versus an undoped Epi Si layer. In one example of a wet or dry process can include HF, NH.sub.4OH and H.sub.2O.sub.2, and combinations thereof.
[0033] As noted above, method 100 can be used to form a thinned device structure 170 (
[0034] In some embodiments, the method 100 may be further extended to include the formation of DRAM capacitor structures over the exposed surface of the device structure 158. In some embodiments, the exposed surfaces of the device structure 158 are then further processed, such as performing one or more of the following semiconductor processing steps. The semiconductor processing steps can include, but are not limited to ion-implantation steps, metal and/or dielectric material deposition steps, lithography and patterning steps, etching steps, polishing steps, thermal processing steps or other useful steps that are needed to form one or more semiconductor devices.
[0035] While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present disclosure, other and further embodiments of the disclosure may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow.