Method for synthesizing radiopharmaceuticals using a cartridge

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for synthesizing a radiopharmaceutical using a cartridge, which makes it possible to carry out several steps of reaction required for synthesizing a radiopharmaceutical in the cartridge filled with a polymer. A method for synthesizing a radiopharmaceutical according to the present invention enables each step's reaction to be carried out with the solution confined in the cartridge so as not to flow out, thus being simplified compared to the conventional methods for synthesizing radiopharmaceuticals, and expediting the synthesis thereof.

Claims

1. A method for synthesizing a radiopharmaceutical using a polymer-filled cartridge, comprising: passing a radioisotope solution through the polymer-filled cartridge to trap a radioisotope; loading a reaction solution to the cartridge which comprises a solution of a precursor and/or phase transfer catalyst dissolved in solvent; labeling a precursor with the radioisotope entrapped by the cartridge; and eluting a radioisotope-labeled compound from the cartridge to provide the radiopharmaceutical, wherein the cartridge is filled with a polymer and has a structure in which an upper porous frit and a lower porous frit are placed, said polymer being located between the upper and the lower porous frit, the structure having a space over the location of the polymer and wherein the upper porous frit and the lower porous frit are not permeated with the polymer filled within the cartridge, but are permeated with a solution, wherein the polymer has a structure represented by the following Chemical Formula 1-1 or 1-2: ##STR00061## wherein, support is a non-soluble organic polymer selected from the group consisting of polystyrene, polyethylene glycol, and a combination thereof, or a non-soluble silica; spacer is a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon of C.sub.1-30 in which at least one element selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur may be intermediated; Y is a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted organic salt selected from among NR.sub.1R.sub.2R.sub.3 or an imidazolium salt ##STR00062## a triazolium salt ##STR00063## and a pyridinium salt ##STR00064## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3, are independently a hydrocarbon of C.sub.1-30 in which at least one element selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur may be intermediated; X is tetrafluoroborate (BF.sub.4), hexafluorophosphate (PF.sub.6), hexafluoroantimony (SbF.sub.6), bis(trifluoromethane)sulfone imide (N(Tf).sub.2), potassium carbonate (KCO.sub.3), bicarbonate (HCO.sub.3), potassium phosphate (KHPO.sub.4 or K2PO.sub.4), or alkane sulfonate (R.sub.1SO.sub.3), wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbon of C.sub.1-30 in which at least one element selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorous and a combination thereof may be intermediated; W is phosphate (PO.sub.3), carboxylate (CO.sub.2), or sulfonate (SO.sub.3); and Z is hydrogen, lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), or quaternary ammonium salt of NR.sub.1R.sub.2R.sub.3, wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are halogen-substituted or unsubstituted, and independently a hydrocarbon of C.sub.1-30 in which at least one element selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur may be intermediated.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the precursor compound has a structure represented by the following Chemical Formula 2-1 or 2-2: ##STR00065## [wherein, X is a sulfonate (R.sub.1S(O).sub.2O), aryl iodonium (R.sub.1I.sup.+), quaternary ammonium salt (R.sub.1R.sub.2R.sub.3N.sup.+), hydrogen, nitro (NO.sub.2), alkoxy (R.sub.1O), triazolium salt ##STR00066## or organic tin (R.sub.1R2R.sub.3Sn), wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are halogen-substituted or unsubstituted and independently a hydrocarbon of C.sub.1-30 in which at least one element selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus and a combination thereof may be intermediated; A is a moiety other than the radioisotope in the radiopharmaceutical compound with or without a protecting group; ligand is a part made of a hydrocarbon containing at least one element selected among nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur and capable of chelation with a radioactive metal ion; spacer is an oligopeptide, oligoethylene glycol, or a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon of C.sub.1-30 in which at least one selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus, and a combination thereof may be intermediated; and B is a biological compound selected from among an amino acid, a sugar, a lipid, and a nucleic acid.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the precursor compound is selected from the group consisting of ##STR00067## ##STR00068## ##STR00069## ##STR00070## [wherein, OTf stands for OS(O).sub.2CF.sub.3, ONs for OS(O).sub.2C.sub.6H.sub.4-p-NO.sub.2, -Tr for C(Ph).sub.3, BOC for C(O)O-tBu, MOM for CH.sub.2OCH.sub.3, -THP for -tetrahydropyranyl, and OTs for OS(O).sub.2C.sub.6H.sub.4-p-CH.sub.3].

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the ligand of Chemical Formula 2-2 is selected from the group consisting of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA), ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-N,N,N-triacetic acid (NOTA), 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N,N, N-tetraacetic acid (DOTA), 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradodecane-N,N,N,N-tetraacetic acid (TETA), and bis(thiosemicarbazone) (ATSM), and mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3).

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the reaction solution 1 has a solvent selected from the group consisting of acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, diethylether, 1,2-methoxyethane, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethane, dichloromethane, benzene, toluene, xylene, mesitylene, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, acetone, methylethylketone, nitromethane, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, dimethylsulfoxide, sulfolane, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, pyridine, picoline, collidine, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, amylalcohol, n-hexylalcohol, n-heptanol, n-octanol, isopropanol, isobutanol, isoamylalcohol, 3-pentanol, t-butanol, t-amylalcohol, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butanol, 2-(trifluoromethyl)-2-propanol, 3-methyl-3-pentanol, 3-ethyl-3-pentanol, 2-methyl-2-pentanol, 2,3-dimethyl-3-pentanol, 2,4-dimethyl-2-pentanol, 2-methyl-2-hexanol, 2-cyclopropyl-2-propanol, 2-cyclopropyl-2-butanol, 2-cyclopropyl-3-methyl-2-butanol, 1-methylcyclopentanol, 1-ethylcyclopentanol, 3-propyicyclopentanol, 1-methylcyclohexanol, 1-ethylcyclohexanol, 1-methylcycloheptanol, oligoethylene glycol of R.sub.1(OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.nOR.sub.2 [wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon of C.sub.1-30 in which at least one element selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus, and a combination thereof may be intermediated, and n is 1-3000], an ionic liquid of ##STR00071## [wherein R.sub.1,R.sub.2,R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 are independently a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon of C.sub.1-30 in which at least one element selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus, and a combination thereof may be intermediated, and X is selected from methanesulfonate, trifluoromethane sulfonate, hexafluorophosphate, hexafluoroantimonate, tetrafluoroborate, paratoluenesulfonate, bis(trifluorosulfonyl)imide], water, and a combination thereof.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the phase transfer catalyst is a kryptopix compound selected from the group consisting of kryptopix[2.2.2] (4,7,13,16,21,24-hexaoxa-1,10-diazabicyclo[8.8.8]hexacosane), 4,7,13,16,21-pentaoxa-1,10-diazabicyclo[8.8.5]tricosane, 4,7,13,18-tetraoxa-1,10-diazabicyclo[8.5.5]eicosane, and 5,6-benzo-4,7,13,16,21,24-hexaoxa-1,10-diazabicyclo[8.8.8]hexacos-5-ene; a crown ether compound selected from the group consisting of 4-aminobenzo-15-crown-5, 4-aminobenzo-15-crown-5, 4-aminobenzo-15-crown-5 hydrochloride, 4aminobenzo-18-crown-6, 4-aminodibenzo-18-crown-6,2-aminomethyl-15-crown-5, 2-aminomethyl-15-crown-5, 2-aminomethyl-18-crown-6, 4-amino-5-nitrobenzo-15-crown-5, 4-amino-5-nitrobenzo-15-crown-5, 1-aza-12-crown-4, 1-aza-15-crown-5, 1-aza-15-crown-5, 1-aza-18-crown-6, 1-aza-18-crown-6, benzo-12-crown-4, 5,6-benzo-4,7,13,16,21,24-hexaoxa-1,10-diazabicylclo[8.8.8]hexacos-5-ene, 1-benzyl-1-aza-12-crown-4, bis[(benzo-15-crown-5)-15-ylmethyl]pimelate, 4-bromobenzo-15-crown-5, 4-tert-butylbenzo-15-crown-5, 4-tert-butylcyclohexano-15-crown-5, 4carboxybenzo-15-crown-5 polyethylene glycols, and a crown ether compound of polyethylene oxides; R.sub.1(OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.nOR.sub.2 oligoethylene glycol [wherein R.sub.1 and R2 are independently a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon of C.sub.1-30 in which at least one element selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus, and a combination thereof may be intermediated, and n is 1-3000]; ##STR00072## [wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 are independently a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon of C.sub.1-30 in which at least one element selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus and a combination thereof may be intermediated, X is methanesulfonate, trifluoromethanesulfonate, hexafluorophosphate, hexafluoroantimonate, tetrafluoroborate, paratoluenesulfonate, bis(trifluorosulfonyl)imide, potassium carbonate (KCO.sub.3), bicarbonate (HCO.sub.3), or potassium phosphate (KHPO.sub.4 or K.sub.2PO.sub.4).

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the radioisotope is selected from the group consisting of F-18, Sc-44, Ti-45, Fe-52, Co-55, Cu-61, Cu-62, Cu-64, Ga-66, Ga-67, Cu-67, Ga-68, Br-77, Sr-83, Y-86, Zr-89, Y-90, Tc-99m, In-110, In-111, I-123, I-124, I-125, I-131, Lu-177, and Re-188.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising, loading a second reaction solution for deprotection to the cartridge; and deprotecting the radioisotope-labeled compound in the cartridge; or loading a third reaction solution for conjugation to the cartridge, and conjugating the radioisotope-labeled compound with a disease-targeting compound in the cartridge.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the second reaction solution contains an acid or a base, the acid being selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, bromic acid, iodic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, benzoic acid, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, methanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, and p-toluenesulfonic acid, the base being selected from the group consisting of trimethylamine, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine, 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU), 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene (DBN), 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (Dabco), N-methylmorpholine, pyridine, picoline, collidine, guanidine, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine, MOH, M(OH).sub.2, MHCO.sub.3, M.sub.2CO.sub.3, MCO.sub.3, M.sub.3PO.sub.4, M.sub.2HPO.sub.4, and MOR [wherein M is selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Cs, NH.sub.4, NMe.sub.4, NEt.sub.4, NBu.sub.4, and NMe.sub.3Bn, M is selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, and Ba, and R is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, and t-butyl], and has a solvent selected from the group consisting of acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, diethylether, 1,2-methoxyethane, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethane, dichloromethane, benzene, toluene, xylene, mesitylene, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, acetone, methylethylketone, nitromethane, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, dimethylsulfoxide, sulfolane, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, pyridine, picoline, collidine, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, amylalcohol, n-hexylalcohol, n-heptanol, n-octanol, isopropanol, isobutanol, isoamylalcohol, 3-pentanol, t-butanol, t-amylalcohol, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butanol, 2-(trifluoromethyl)-2-propanol, 3-methyl-3-pentanol, 3-ethyl-3-pentanol, 2-methyl-2-pentanol, 2,3-dimethyl-3-pentanol, 2,4-dimethyl-2-pentanol, 2-methyl-2-hexanol, 2-cyclopropyl-2-propanol, 2-cyclopropyl-2-butanol, 2-cyclopropyl-3-methyl-2-butanol, 1-methylcyclopentanol, 1-ethylcyclopentanol, 3-propylcyclopentanol, 1-methylcyclohexanol, 1-ethylcyclohexanol, 1-methylcycloheptanol, oligoethylene glycol of R.sub.1(OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.nOR.sub.2 [wherein R.sub.1 and R2 are independently a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon of C.sub.1-30 in which at least one element selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus and a combination thereof may be intermediated, and n is 1-3000], an ionic liquid of ##STR00073## [wherein R.sub.1,R.sub.2,R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 are independently a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon of C.sub.1-30 in which at least one element selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus and a combination thereof may be intermediated, and X is methanesulfonate, trifluoromethane sulfonate, hexafluorophosphate, hexafluoroantimonate, tetrafluoroborate, paratoluenesulfonate, or bis(trifluorosulfonyl)imide], water, and a combination thereof.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the third reaction solution contains a disease-targeting compound that is capable of conjugation with the radioisotope-labeled compound, and has a solvent selected from the group consisting of acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, diethylether, 1,2-methoxyethane, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethane, dichloromethane, benzene, toluene, xylene, mesitylene, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, acetone, methylethylketone, nitromethane, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, dimethylsulfoxide, sulfolane, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, pyridine, picoline, collidine, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, amylalcohol, n-hexylalcohol, n-heptanol, n-octanol, isopropanol, isobutanol, isoamylalcohol, 3-pentanol, t-butanol, t-amylalcohol, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butanol, 2-(trifluoromethyl)-2-propanol, 3-methyl-3-pentanol, 3-ethyl-3-pentanol, 2-methyl-2-pentanol, 2,3-dimethyl-3-pentanol, 2,4-dimethyl-2-pentanol, 2-methyl-2-hexanol, 2-cyclopropyl-2-propanol, 2-cyclopropyl-2-butanol, 2-cyclopropyl-3-methyl-2-butanol, 1-methylcyclopentanol, 1-ethylcyclopentanol, 3-propylcyclopentanol, 1-methylcyclohexanol, 1-ethylcyclohexanol, 1-methylcycloheptanol, oligoethylene glycol of R.sub.1(OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.nOR.sub.2 [wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon of C.sub.1-30 in which at least one element selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus and a combination thereof may be intermediated, and n is 1-3000], an ionic liquid of ##STR00074## [wherein R.sub.1,R.sub.2,R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 are independently a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon of C.sub.1-30 in which at least one element selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus and a combination thereof may be intermediated, and X is methanesulfonate, trifluoromethane sulfonate, hexafluorophosphate, hexafluoroantimonate, tetrafluoroborate, paratoluenesulfonate, or bis(trifluorosulfonyl)imide], water, and a combination thereof.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the radioisotope-labeled compound has a structure represented by the following Chemical Formula 3: ##STR00075## [wherein, A is a moiety other than the radioisotope in the radiopharmaceutical compound with or without a protecting group; and E is F-18, I-123, I-124, I-125, or I-131].

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the radioisotope-labeled compound is selected from the group consisting of ##STR00076##

13. The method of claim 10, wherein the disease-targeting compound is a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 4: ##STR00077## [wherein T is a biological compound selected from the group consisting of an amino acid, a sugar, a lipid and a nucleic acid, and J is selected from NHR.sub.1, OH, CO.sub.2R.sub.1, N.sub.3, CCH, PR.sub.1R.sub.2, NHNH.sub.2, ONH.sub.2, and ##STR00078## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon of C.sub.1-30 that may contain at least one element selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus, and a combination thereof].

14. The method of claim 1, further comprising neutralizing the solution in the cartridge with an acid or a base, prior to eluting a radioisotope-labeled compound from the cartridge.

15. The method of claim 8, where the labeling the precursor, deprotecting the radioisotope-labeled compound and conjugating the radioisotope-labeled compound is carried out in such a manner that a gas is provided to mix the respective reaction solution well.

Description

MODE FOR INVENTION

(1) A better understanding of the present invention may be obtained through the following examples which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

I. Preparation of Polymer to be Filled in Cartridge

Example 1-1

Preparation of Triethyl Ammonium Salt-Coupled Polymer (Compound 1-1a)

(2) Chloromethyl polystyrene (1.8 mmol/g, 10.0 g, 18.0 mmol) was placed in a reactor to which a mixture of dimethylformamide (DMF)/water (90 mL/10 mL) was then added. Subsequently, triethylamine (7.527 mL, 54.0 mmol) was introduced into the reactor. The resulting reaction mixture was well stirred at 50 C. for 3 hrs, and filtered through a Buchner funnel. The polymer filtrate was washed many times with acetone and dried in a vacuum. To the dried polymer was added an aqueous 0.2 M NaHCO.sub.3 solution (50 mL) and the solution was stirred slowly for 5 min, followed by removing the solvent in a vacuum. This procedure was repeated three times more, for a total of 4 times. The polymer was washed once with distilled water and many times with acetone, and evaporated in a vacuum to the point of dryness to afford triethylammonium salt-coupled polymer 1-1a (12.15 g, 1.48 mmol/g). The synthesis procedure is illustrated in Reaction Scheme 1-1.

(3) On an IR spectrum, strong peaks for HCO.sub.3 anion (1645, 1450, 1292 cm.sup.1) were read.

(4) ##STR00021##

Example 1-2

Preparation of N-Methylimidazolium Salt-Coupled Polymer (Compound 1-1b)

(5) Chloromethyl polystyrene (1.8 mmol/g, 10.0 g, 18.0 mmol) was placed in a reactor to which a mixture of dimethylformamide/water (90 mL/10 mL) was then added. Subsequently, N-methylimidazole (4.304 mL, 54.0 mmol) was introduced into the reactor. The resulting reaction mixture was well stirred at 50 C. for 3 hrs, and filtered through a Buchner funnel. The polymer filtrate was washed many times with acetone and dried in a vacuum. To the dried polymer was added an aqueous 0.2 M NaHCO.sub.3 solution (50 mL) and the solution was stirred slowly for 5 min, followed by removing the solvent in a vacuum. This procedure was repeated three times more. The polymer was washed once with distilled water and many times with acetone, and evaporated in a vacuum to the point of dryness to afford N-imidazolium salt-coupled polymer 1-1b (11.82 g, 1.52 mmol/g). The synthesis procedure is illustrated in Reaction Scheme 1-2.

(6) On an IR spectrum, strong peaks for HCO.sub.3 anion (1645, 1450, 1292 cm.sup.1) were read.

(7) ##STR00022##

Example 1-3

Preparation of Triethylammonium Salt-Coupled Polymer (Compound 1-1c)

(8) n-Hexyl methanesulfonate polystyrene (1.67 mmol/g, 10.0 g, 16.7 mmol) was placed in a reactor to which a mixture of acetonitrile/water (50 mL/5 mL) was then added. Subsequently, N-methylimidazole (6.65 mL, 83.5 mmol) was introduced into the reactor. The resulting reaction mixture was well stirred at 60 C. for 3 hrs, and filtered through a Buchner funnel. The polymer filtrate was washed many times with acetone and dried in a vacuum. To the dried polymer was added an aqueous 0.2 M NaHCO.sub.3 solution (50 mL) and the solution was stirred slowly for 5 min, followed by removing the solvent in a vacuum. This procedure was repeated three times more. The polymer was washed once with distilled water and many times with acetone, and evaporated in a vacuum to dryness to afford triethylammonium salt-coupled polymer 1-1c (11.72 g, 1.42 mmol/g). The synthesis procedure is illustrated in Reaction Scheme 1-3.

(9) On an IR spectrum, strong peaks for HCO.sub.3 anion (1645, 1450, 1292 cm.sup.1) were read.

(10) ##STR00023##

Example 1-4

Preparation of N-Methylimidazolium Salt-Coupled Polymer (Compound 1-1d)

(11) Tetraethylene glycol monomethanesulfonate polystyrene (1.197 mmol/g, 10.0 g, 11.970 mmol) was placed in a reactor to which a mixture of acetonitrile/water (50 mL/5 mL) was then added. Subsequently, N-methylimidazole (4.77 mL, 59.85 mmol) was introduced into the reactor. The resulting reaction mixture was well stirred at 60 C. for 3 hrs, and filtered through a Buchner funnel. The polymer filtrate was washed many times with acetone and dried in a vacuum. To the dried polymer was added an aqueous 0.2 M NaHCO.sub.3 solution (50 mL) and the solution was stirred slowly for 5 min, followed by removing the solvent in a vacuum. This procedure was repeated three times more. The polymer was washed once with distilled water and many times with acetone, and evaporated in a vacuum to dryness to afford N-methylimidazolium salt-coupled polymer 1-1d ((11.18 g, 1.07 mmol/g). The synthesis procedure is illustrated in Reaction Scheme 1-4.

(12) On an IR spectrum, strong peaks for HCO.sub.3 anion (1645, 1450, 1292 cm.sup.1) were read.

(13) ##STR00024##

Example 1-5

Preparation of Triphenylphosphonium Salt-Coupled Polymer (Compound 1-1e)

(14) Chloromethyl polystyrene (1.8 mmol/g, 10.0 g, 18.0 mmol) was placed in a reactor to which a mixture of acetonitrile/water (50 mL/5 mL) was then added. Subsequently, triphenylphosphine (PPh.sub.3, 14.16 g, 54.0 mmol) was introduced into the reactor. The resulting reaction mixture was well stirred at 80 C. for 24 hrs, and filtered through a Buchner funnel. The polymer filtrate was washed many times with acetone and dried in a vacuum. To the dried polymer was added an aqueous 0.2 M NaHCO.sub.3 solution (50 mL) and the solution was stirred slowly for 5 min, followed by removing the solvent in a vacuum. This procedure was repeated three times more. The polymer was washed once with distilled water and many times with acetone, and evaporated in a vacuum to dryness to afford triphenylphosphonium salt-coupled polymer 1-1e (14.50 g, 1.24 mmol/g). The synthesis procedure is illustrated in Reaction Scheme 1-5.

(15) On an IR spectrum, strong peaks for HCO.sub.3 anion (1645, 1450, 1292 cm.sup.1) were read.

(16) ##STR00025##

Example 1-6

Preparation of Sulfonate Salt-Coupled Polymer (Compound 1-2a)

(17) In a reaction vessel, chloroform (70 mL) was slowly added to polystyrene (10 g) and gently stirred at 0 C. Subsequently, ClSO.sub.3H (1.00 mL, 15.0 mmol) was dropwise added to the reaction vessel, followed by gently stirring at 0 C. for one hour. After filtration through a Buchner funnel, the polymer filtrate thus obtained was washed many times with dichloromethane and dried in a vacuum. To the dried polymer was added an aqueous 0.2 M NaHCO.sub.3 solution (50 mL) and the solution was stirred slowly for 5 min, followed by removing the solvent in a vacuum. This procedure was repeated three times more. The polymer was washed once with distilled water and many times with acetone, and evaporated in a vacuum to dryness to afford sulfonate salt-coupled polymer 1-2a (11.48 g, 1.31 mmol/g). The synthesis procedure is illustrated in Reaction Scheme 1-6.

(18) On an IR spectrum, strong peaks for SO.sub.3 anion (1153, 1124, 1028, 1003 cm.sup.1) were read.

(19) ##STR00026##

II. Preparation of Compound to be Contained in Reaction Solution

Example 2

Preparation of Kryptopix[2.2.2]-Potassium Methanesulfonate Salt (2a)

(20) In a round-bottom flask, kryptopix[2.2.2] (5.0 g, 13.28 mmol) and potassium methanesulfonate (KOMs, 1.78 g, 13.28 mmol) were mixed with anhydrous acetonitrile (30 mL), and reacted for 30 min at room temperature while stirring, followed by the removal of the solvent in a vacuum to afford kryptopix[2.2.2]-potassium methanesulfonate salt as a white solid (K222-KOMs, 3a, 6.78 g, 13.28 mmol). This reaction procedure is illustrated in the following Reaction Scheme 2.

(21) ##STR00027##

III. Preparation of Polymer-Precursor Mixture

Example 3-1

Preparation of Polymer-Precursor Mixture 3a

(22) A polystyrene polymer (10.0 g) and a precursor compound (2-1a, 500 mg, 1.78 mmol) were introduced into a reaction vessel to which dimethylformamide (50 mL) was then slowly added. This mixture was well stirred for 10 min, slowly diluted with water (100 mL) and well stirred for 30 min at room temperature. The reaction mixture was filtered, washed many times with water, and dried in a vacuum to afford a polymer-precursor mixture 3a (10.50 g, 0.17 mmol/g). The reaction procedure is illustrated in the following Reaction Scheme 3-1.

(23) ##STR00028##

Example 3-2

Preparation of Polymer-Precursor Mixture 3b

(24) A C-18 silica gel polymer (10.0 g) and a precursor compound (2-1a, 500 mg, 1.78 mmol) were introduced into a reaction vessel to which CH.sub.3CN (50 mL) was then slowly added. This mixture was well stirred for 10 min, slowly diluted with water (100 mL) and well stirred for 30 min at room temperature. The reaction mixture was filtered, washed many times with water, and dried in a vacuum to afford a polymer-precursor mixture 3b (10.50 g, 0.17 mmol/g). The reaction procedure is illustrated in the following Reaction Scheme 3-2.

(25) ##STR00029##

Example 3-3

Preparation of Polymer-Precursor Mixture 3c

(26) The triethylammonium salt-coupled polymer (1-1a, 10.0 g) obtained in Example 1-1 and a precursor compound (2-1a, 500 mg, 1.78 mmol) were introduced into a reaction vessel to which CH.sub.3CN (50 mL) was slowly added. This mixture was well stirred for 10 min, slowly diluted with water (100 mL) and well stirred for 30 min at room temperature. The reaction mixture was filtered, washed many times with water, and dried in a vacuum to afford a polymer-precursor mixture 3c (10.50 g, 0.17 mmol/g). The reaction procedure is illustrated in the following Reaction Scheme 3-3.

(27) ##STR00030##

Example 3-4

Preparation of Polymer-Precursor Mixture 3d

(28) The N-methylimidazolium salt-coupled polymer (1-1b, 10.0 g) obtained in Example 1-2 and a precursor compound (2-1a, 500 mg, 1.78 mmol) were introduced into a reaction vessel to which CH.sub.3CN (50 mL) was then slowly added. This mixture was well stirred for 10 min, slowly diluted with water (100 mL) and well stirred for 30 min at room temperature. The reaction mixture was filtered, washed many times with water, and dried in a vacuum to afford a polymer-precursor mixture 3d (10.50 g, 0.17 mmol/g).

(29) ##STR00031##

Example 3-5

Preparation of Polymer-Precursor Mixture 3D

(30) The N-methylimidazolium salt-coupled solid support (3c, 10.0 g) obtained in Example 1-2 was introduced into a reaction vessel to which a solution of precursor compound (2a, 500 mg, 1.78 mmol) in CH.sub.3CN (5 mL) was then slowly added. This mixture was well stirred for 10 min at room temperature, and dried in a vacuum to afford a polymer-precursor mixture 3d (10.50 g, 0.17 mmol/g).

(31) ##STR00032##

Example 3-6

Preparation of Polymer-Precursor Mixture 3e

(32) The triethylammonium salt-coupled polymer 1-1a (50 mg) obtained in Example 1-1 and a precursor compound 2-1s (0.1 mg) were introduced into a round-bottom flask to which CH.sub.3CN (2 mL) was then slowly added. This mixture was well stirred for 10 min at room temperature, followed by removing the solvent in a vacuum to afford a polymer-precursor mixture 3e (50 mg).

(33) (Reaction Scheme 3-6)

(34) ##STR00033##

Example 3-7

Preparation of Polymer-Precursor Mixture 3f

(35) The triethylammonium salt-coupled polymer 1-1a (50 mg) obtained in Example 1-1 and a precursor compound 2-1t (0.1 mg) were introduced into a round-bottom flask to which CH.sub.3CN (2 mL) was then slowly added. This mixture was well stirred for 10 min at room temperature, followed by removing the solvent in a vacuum to afford a polymer-precursor mixture 3f (50 mg).

(36) ##STR00034##

IV. F-18 Labeling Reaction

Example 4-1

F-18 Labeling of Precursor 2-1a

(37) The polymer-precursor mixture 3c or 3d, obtained in Examples 3-3 and 3-4, respectively, was loaded in an amount of 100 mg in a cartridge. Using a syringe, 3 mL of distilled water was allowed to flow through the polymer-precursor mixture. Then, an aqueous solution of F-18 ions (3-5 mCi, 0.5 mL) was added to the mixture. After the cartridge was purged with nitrogen for 5 min, reaction solution 1 (t-amyl alcohol 0.5 mL, or t-amyl alcohol 0.5 mL in which kryptopix[2.2.2]-potassium methanesulfonate salt (3a, 10 mg) of Example 2 was dissolved) was introduced upwardly from the bottom of the cartridge which was then fastened with a valve. The cartridge was placed in a heating furnace and heated for 15 min at 120 C. After being withdrawn from the heating furnace, the cartridge was washed with acetonitrile (3 mL). The reaction procedure is illustrated in the following Reaction Scheme 4, and results are summarized in Table 1, below.

(38) ##STR00035##

(39) (wherein, OMs is as defined above)

(40) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Polymer-precursor mixture Example 3-3 Example 3-4 (Compound 3c) (Compound 3d) Reaction t-Amyl Kryptopix[2.2.2]- t-Amyl Kryptopix[2.2.2]- Solution alcohol potassium alcohol potassium methanesulfonate- methanesulfonate- dissolved t-amyl dissolved t-amyl alcohol alcohol Amount left in 3.27 1.25 2.56 0.83 cartridge after reaction (mCi) Acetonitrile 0.02 1.98 0.79 2.48 solution after reaction (mCi) Radio-TLC (%) 0.0 75 86 95 Radiochemical 0.0 46.0 20.4 71.2 Yield (%)

(41) In Table 1, Radio-TLC stands for radio-thin layer chromatography, and radiochemical yield (%) is calculated according to the equation:
[Radiation dose of acetonitrile solution/(radiation dose left in cartridge+radiation dose of acetonitrile solution)]Radio-TLC (%).

Example 4-2

F-18 Labeling of Precursor 2-1a

(42) Together with precursor compound 2-1a (5 mg), 100 mg of each of polymers 1-1a to 1-1e, respectively obtained in Examples 1-1 to 1-5, was loaded into a cartridge. Using a syringe, 3 mL of distilled water was allowed to flow through the mixture. Then, an aqueous solution of F-18 ions (3-5 mCi, 0.5 mL) was added to the mixture. After the cartridge was purged with nitrogen for 5 min, reaction solution 1 (t-amyl alcohol 0.5 mL in which kryptopix[2.2.2]-potassium methanesulfonate salt (3a, 10 mg) of Example 2 was dissolved) was introduced upwardly from the bottom of the cartridge which was then fastened with a valve. The cartridge was placed in a heating furnace and heated for 15 min at 120 C. After being withdrawn from the heating furnace, the cartridge was washed with acetonitrile (3 mL). The reaction procedure is illustrated in the following Reaction Scheme 4-1, and results are summarized in Table 2, below.

(43) ##STR00036##

(44) (wherein, OMs is as defined above.)

(45) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Polymer 1-1a 1-1b 1-1c 1-1d 1-1e Amount left in cartridge after reaction 1.92 1.66 1.30 1.12 1.78 (mCi) Acetonitrile solution after reaction 2.10 2.73 3.27 3.15 2.39 (mCi) Radio-TLC (%) 86 92 98 99 85 Radiochemical Yield (%) 44.9 57.2 70.1 73.0 48.7

Example 4-3

F-18 Labeling of Precursor 2-1a

(46) The polymers 1-1a to 1-1e, prepared in Examples 1-1 to 1-5, were loaded in an amount of 100 mg into respective cartridges. Using a syringe, 3 mL of distilled water was allowed to flow through the polymer. Then, an aqueous solution of F-18 ions (3-5 mCi, 0.5 mL) was added to the polymer. After the cartridge was purged with nitrogen for 1 min, reaction solution 1 (t-amyl alcohol 0.5 mL in which kryptopix[2.2.2]-potassium methanesulfonate salt (3a, 10 mg) of Example 2 was dissolved) was introduced upwardly from the bottom of the cartridge which was then fastened with a valve. The cartridge was placed in a heating furnace and heated for 15 min at 120 C. After being withdrawn from the heating furnace, the cartridge was washed with acetonitrile (3 mL). The reaction procedure is illustrated in the following Reaction Scheme 4-2, and results are summarized in Table 3, below.

(47) ##STR00037##

(48) (wherein, OMs is as defined above.)

(49) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Polymer 1-1a 1-1b 1-1c 1-1d 1-1e Amount left in cartridge after 1.62 1.69 1.09 1.12 1.43 reaction (mCi) Acetonitrile solution after 2.40 2.93 3.20 3.35 2.70 reaction (mCi) Radio-TLC (%) 94 97 100 100 93 Radiochemical Yield (%) 56.1 61.5 74.6 74.9 60.8

V. Synthesis of Representative Radiopharmaceuticals

Examples 5-1 to Example 5-23

Example 5-1

Synthesis of [18F]FDG

(50) The polymer 1-1d (100 mg), prepared in Example 1-4, was loaded into a cartridge. Using a syringe, 3 mL of distilled water was allowed to flow through the polymer. Then, an aqueous solution of F-18 ions (3.41 mCi, 1.0 mL) was added to the mixture. Also, acetonitrile (3 mL) was allowed to flow through the polymer using a syringe. After the cartridge was purged with nitrogen for 1 min, reaction solution 1 (acetonitrile 0.5 mL in which kryptopix[2.2.2]-potassium methanesulfonate salt (3a, 15 mg) of Example 2 was dissolved) was introduced upwardly from the bottom of the cartridge which was then fastened with a valve. The cartridge was placed in a heating furnace and heated for 10 min at 100 C., and transferred to a furnace maintained at room temperature. Then, reaction solution 2 (0.5 M NaOMe in MeOH, 0.5 mL) was introduced upwardly from the bottom of the cartridge after which nitrogen gas was also fed from the bottom slowly for 5 min. After being withdrawn from the furnace, the cartridge was allowed to drain the solution therefrom and washed with acetonitrile (3 mL) (Reaction Scheme 5-1).

(51) A radiation dose of 0.01 mCi was detected in the empty cartridge while the released solution exhibited a radiation dose of 2.65 mCi. The radio-TLC (%) was measured at 77% (radiochemical yield (%)=77%).

(52) ##STR00038##

(53) (wherein OTf is as defined above)

Example 5-2

Synthesis of [18F] FDG

(54) The polymer 1-1d (100 mg), prepared in Example 1-4, was loaded into a cartridge. Using a syringe, 3 mL of distilled water was allowed to flow through the polymer. Then, an aqueous solution of F-18 ions (4.65 mCi, 1.0 mL) was added to the mixture. Also, acetonitrile (3 mL) was allowed to flow through the polymer using a syringe. After the cartridge was purged with nitrogen for 1 min, reaction solution 1 (acetonitrile 0.5 mL in which kryptopix[2.2.2]-potassium methanesulfonate salt (3a, 15 mg) of Example 2 and precursor compound 2-1c (10 mg) were dissolved) was introduced upwardly from the bottom of the cartridge which was then fastened with a valve. The cartridge was heated for 10 min at 100 C. in a heating furnace, and then cooled to 120 C. Then, reaction solution 2 (2.0 N HCl in EtOH, 0.5 mL) was introduced upwardly from the bottom of the cartridge which was then fastened with a valve. Again, the cartridge was heated at 100 C. for 5 min and transferred to a furnace maintained at room temperature. Using a syringe, an aqueous 0.2 M K.sub.3PO.sub.4 solution (3 mL) was fed from the bottom. After being withdrawn from the furnace, the cartridge was allowed to drain the solution therefrom and washed with acetonitrile (3 mL) (Reaction Scheme 5-2).

(55) A radiation dose of 0.00 mCi was detected in the empty cartridge while the released solution exhibited a radiation dose of 3.31 mCi. The radio-TLC (%) was measured at 85% (radiochemical yield (%)=85%).

(56) ##STR00039##

(57) (wherein Tr, ONs, and BOC are as defined above, respectively)

Example 5-3

Synthesis of [18F]FP-CIT

(58) The polymer 1-1d (100 mg), prepared in Example 1-4, was loaded into a cartridge. Using a syringe, 3 mL of distilled water was allowed to flow through the polymer. Then, an aqueous solution of F-18 ions (3.83 mCi, 1.0 mL) was added to the mixture. Also, acetonitrile (3 mL) was allowed to flow through the polymer using a syringe. After the cartridge was purged with nitrogen for 1 min, reaction solution 1 (t-amylalcohol 0.5 mL in which kryptopix[2.2.2]-potassium methanesulfonate salt (3a, 15 mg) of Example 2 was dissolved) was introduced upwardly from the bottom of the cartridge which was then fastened with a valve. The cartridge was heated for 10 min at 120 C. in a heating furnace, withdrawn from the furnace, and then washed with acetonitrile (3 mL) (Reaction Scheme 5-3).

(59) A radiation dose of 1.35 mCi was detected in the empty cartridge while the released solution exhibited a radiation dose of 1.48 mCi. The radio-TLC (%) was measured at 87% (radiochemical yield (%)=45.5%).

(60) ##STR00040##

(61) (wherein TsO is as defined above).

Example 5-4

Synthesis of [18F]FES

(62) [.sup.18F]FES was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 5-2, with the exception that precursor 2-1e (5 mg) was used (Reaction Scheme 5-4).

(63) A radiation dose of 0.02 mCi was detected in the empty cartridge while the released solution exhibited a radiation dose of 3.45 mCi. The radio-TLC (%) was measured at 76% (radiochemical yield (%)=75.6%).

(64) ##STR00041##

(65) (wherein MOM is as defined above)

Example 5-5

Synthesis of [18F]FMISO

(66) [.sup.18F] FMISO was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 5-2, with the exception that precursor 2-1f (5 mg) was used (Reaction Scheme 5-4). A radiation dose of 0.01 mCi was detected in the empty cartridge while the released solution exhibited a radiation dose of 3.11 mCi. The radio-TLC (%) was measured at 56% (radiochemical yield (%)=55.8%).

(67) ##STR00042##

(68) (wherein, OTs and THP are as defined above)

Example 5-6

Synthesis of [18F]FC119

(69) [.sup.18F]FC119 was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 5-2, with the exception that precursor 2-1g (5 mg) was used (Reaction Scheme 5-6).

(70) A radiation dose of 0.01 mCi was detected in the empty cartridge while the released solution exhibited a radiation dose of 3.79 mCi. The radio-TLC (%) was measured at 71% (radiochemical yield (%)=70.9%).

(71) ##STR00043##

(72) (wherein, NsO, THP and BOC are as defined above)

Example 5-7

Synthesis of [18F]AV-1

(73) [.sup.18F] AV-1 was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 5-2, with the exception that precursor 2-1h (5 mg) was used (Reaction Scheme 5-7).

(74) A radiation dose of 0.01 mCi was detected in the empty cartridge while the released solution exhibited a radiation dose of 2.83 mCi. The radio-TLC (%) was measured at 62% (radiochemical yield (%)=62.0%).

(75) ##STR00044##

(76) (wherein, OTs and BOC are as defined above)

Example 5-8

Synthesis of [18F]AV-45

(77) [.sup.18F] AV-45 was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 5-2, with the exception that precursor 2-1i (5 mg) was used (Reaction Scheme 5-8).

(78) A radiation dose of 0.02 mCi was detected in the empty cartridge while the released solution exhibited a radiation dose of 3.07 mCi. The radio-TLC (%) was measured at 64% (radiochemical yield (%)=63.6%).

(79) ##STR00045##

(80) (wherein, OTs and BOC are as defined above)

Example 5-9

Synthesis of [18F]Fallypride

(81) [.sup.18F]Fallypride was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 5-3, with the exception that precursor 2-1j (5 mg) was used (Reaction Scheme 5-9).

(82) A radiation dose of 0.92 mCi was detected in the empty cartridge while the released solution exhibited a radiation dose of 2.88 mCi. The radio-TLC (%) was measured at 97% (radiochemical yield (%)=73.5%).

(83) ##STR00046##

(84) (wherein, OTs is as defined above)

Example 5-10

Synthesis of [18F]Flumazenil

(85) [.sup.18F]Flumazenil was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 5-3, with the exception that precursor 2-1k (5 mg) was used (Reaction Scheme 5-10).

(86) A radiation dose of 1.21 mCi was detected in the empty cartridge while the released solution exhibited a radiation dose of 3.04 mCi. The radio-TLC (%) was measured at 94% (radiochemical yield (%)=67.2%).

(87) ##STR00047##

(88) (wherein, OTs is as defined above)

Example 5-11

Synthesis of Ethyl-[18F]fluorobenzoate

(89) Ethyl-[.sup.18F]fluorobenzoate was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 5-3, with the exception that precursor 2-(5 mg) was used at a reaction temperature of 100 C. in cacetonitrile as a reaction solvent (Reaction Scheme 5-11).

(90) A radiation dose of 0.94 mCi was detected in the empty cartridge while the released solution exhibited a radiation dose of 2.80 mCi. The radio-TLC (%) was measured at 97% (radiochemical yield (%)=72.6%).

(91) ##STR00048##

(92) (wherein, OTf is as defined above)

Example 5-12

Synthesis of [18F]FBA

(93) [.sup.18F]FBA was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 5-3, with the exception that precursor 2-1m (5 mg) was used at a reaction temperature of 100 C. in acetonitrile as a reaction solvent (Reaction Scheme 5-12).

(94) A radiation dose of 0.91 mCi was detected in the empty cartridge while the released solution exhibited a radiation dose of 3.21 mCi. The radio-TLC (%) was measured at 96% (radiochemical yield (%)=74.8%).

(95) ##STR00049##

(96) (wherein, OTf is as defined above)

Example 5-13

Synthesis of [18F]FET

(97) [.sup.18F]FET was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 5-2, with the exception that precursor 2-1n (5 mg) was used (Reaction Scheme 5-13).

(98) A radiation dose of 0.02 mCi was detected in the empty cartridge while the released solution exhibited a radiation dose of 2.85 mCi. The radio-TLC (%) was measured at 69% (radiochemical yield (%)=68.5%).

(99) ##STR00050##

(100) (wherein, OTs and Tr are as defined above)

Example 5-14

Synthesis of [18F]FMT

(101) [.sup.18F]FMT was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 5-2, with the exception that precursor 2-10 (5 mg) was used (Reaction Scheme 5-14).

(102) A radiation dose of 0.03 mCi was detected in the empty cartridge while the released solution exhibited a radiation dose of 2.58 mCi. The radio-TLC (%) was measured at 52% (radiochemical yield (%)=51.4%).

(103) ##STR00051##

(104) (wherein, OTs and Tr are as defined above)

Example 5-15

Synthesis of [18F]Fluoroethylpropargyldiethyleneglycol

(105) [.sup.18F]Fluoroethylpropargyldiethyleneglycol was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 5-2, with the exception that precursor 2-1p (4 mg) was used (Reaction Scheme 5-15). A radiation dose of 1.35 mCi was detected in the empty cartridge while the released solution exhibited a radiation dose of 2.69 mCi. The radio-TLC (%) was measured at 93% (radiochemical yield (%)=61.9%).

(106) ##STR00052##

(107) (wherein, OTs is as defined above)

Example 5-16

Synthesis of [18]Fluoroethylazidoethylethyleneglycol

(108) Fluoroethylazidoethylethyleneglycol was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 5-3, with the exception that precursor 2-1q (4 mg) was used (Reaction Scheme 5-16). A radiation dose of 1.29 mCi was detected in the empty cartridge while the released solution exhibited a radiation dose of 2.83 mCi. The radio-TLC (%) was measured at 98% (radiochemical yield (%)=67.3%).

(109) ##STR00053##

(110) (wherein, OTs is as defined above)

Example 5-17

Synthesis of [18F]ADIBO

(111) [.sup.18F]ADIBO was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 5-3, with the exception that precursor 2-1r (4 mg) was used (Reaction Scheme 5-17). A radiation dose of 1.46 mCi was detected in the empty cartridge while the released solution exhibited a radiation dose of 2.61 mCi. The radio-TLC (%) was measured at 93% (radiochemical yield (%)=59.3%).

(112) ##STR00054##

(113) (wherein, OTs is as defined above)

Example 5-18

Synthesis of [18F]RGD-ADIBO

(114) [.sup.18F]ADIBO was prepared from the precursor 2-1r (1 mg) in a manner similar to that of Example 5-17. The cartridge was transferred to a furnace maintained at room temperature, with the reaction solution still confined therein. Then, reaction solution 2 [H.sub.2O/MeOH (1/1, 0.5 mL) in which N.sub.3-cRGDfK (3 mg) was dissolved] was introduced upwardly from the bottom of the cartridge after which nitrogen gas was also fed from the bottom slowly for 15 min. After being withdrawn from the furnace, the cartridge was allowed to drain the solution therefrom and washed with acetonitrile (3 mL) (Reaction Scheme 5-18).

(115) A radiation dose of 1.46 mCi was detected in the empty cartridge while the released solution exhibited a radiation dose of 2.17 mCi. The radio-TLC (%) was measured at 74% (radiochemical yield (%)=44.2%).

(116) ##STR00055##

(117) (wherein, OTs is as defined above)

Example 5-19

Synthesis of [123I] FP-CIT

(118) The polymer-precursor mixture 3e (50 mg), prepared in Example 3-6, was loaded into a cartridge. Using a syringe, 3 mL of distilled water was allowed to flow through the polymer. Then, an aqueous solution of [.sup.123I]NaI (0.72 mCi, 0.5 mL) was added to the mixture. After the cartridge was purged with nitrogen for 1 min, reaction solution 1 (ethanol 0.5 mL in which chloramin-T (2 mg), and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium methanesulfonate (2 mg) were dissolved) was introduced upwardly from the bottom of the cartridge which was then fastened with a valve. Using a syringe, nitrogen gas was also fed from the bottom slowly for 10 min. The cartridge was allowed to drain the solution therefrom and washed with acetonitrile (3 mL). The reaction procedure is illustrated in Reaction Scheme 5-19.

(119) A radiation dose of 0.02 mCi was detected in the empty cartridge while the released solution exhibited a radiation dose of 0.68 mCi. The radio-TLC (%) was measured at 99% (radiochemical yield (%)=96.2%).

(120) ##STR00056##

Example 5-20

Synthesis of [123I]Iodomazenil

(121) [.sup.123I]Iodomazenil was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 5-19, with the exception that polymer-precursor mixture 3f (50 mg), prepared in Example 3-7, was used (Reaction Scheme 5-20). A radiation dose of 0.01 mCi was detected in the empty cartridge while the released solution exhibited a radiation dose of 0.47 mCi. The radio-TLC (%) was measured at 99% (radiochemical yield (%)=96.9%).

(122) ##STR00057##

Example 5-21

Synthesis of [68Ga]NOTA-cRGDyK

(123) Polymer 1-2a (100 mg), prepared in Example 1-6, was loaded to a cartridge. Using a syringe, 3 mL of distilled water was allowed to flow through the polymer. Then, an aqueous .sup.68Ga HCl solution (4.39 mCi) eluted with 0.1 N HCl (1 mL) from a .sup.68Ga generator was slowly flowed into the cartridge, followed by adding distilled water (2 mL). Reaction solution 1 [sodium acetate/acetic acid buffer in which NOTA-cRGDyK (0.5 mg) was dissolved, pH=4.5-5.5, 0.5 mL] was introduced upwardly from the bottom of the cartridge which was then fastened with a valve. The cartridge was placed in a furnace maintained at 50 C., and using a syringe, nitrogen gas was introduced upwardly from the bottom of the cartridge which was then allowed to drain the solution therefrom and washed with ethanol (2 mL) (Reaction Scheme 5-21). A radiation dose of 0.21 mCi was detected in the empty cartridge while the released solution exhibited a radiation dose of 2.89 mCi. The radio-TLC (%) was measured at 99% (radiochemical yield (%)=92.3%).

(124) ##STR00058##

Example 5-22

Synthesis of [64Cu]NOTA-cRGDyK

(125) [.sup.64Cu]NOTA-cRGDyK was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 5-21, with the exception that an aqueous HCl solution of .sup.64Cu (2.24 mCi) prepared in cyclotron was used (Reaction Scheme 5-22). A radiation dose of 0.09 mCi was detected in the empty cartridge while the released solution exhibited a radiation dose of 2.13 mCi. The radio-TLC (%) was measured at 99% (radiochemical yield (%)=95.0%).

(126) ##STR00059##

Example 5-23

Synthesis of [177Lu]DOTA-cRGDyK

(127) Polymer 1-2a (100 mg), prepared in Example 1-6, was loaded to a cartridge. Using a syringe, 3 mL of distilled water was allowed to flow through the polymer. Then, an aqueous .sup.177Lu HCl solution (0.88 mCi) prepared in a cyclotron was slowly flowed into the cartridge, followed by adding distilled water (2 mL). Reaction solution 1 [sodium acetate/acetic acid buffer in which DOTA-cRGDyK (0.5 mg) was dissolved, pH=4.5-5.5, 0.5 mL] was introduced upwardly from the bottom of the cartridge which was then fastened with a valve. The cartridge was placed in a furnace maintained at 80 C., and using a syringe, nitrogen gas was introduced upwardly from the bottom of the cartridge which was then allowed to drain the solution therefrom and washed with ethanol (2 mL) (Reaction Scheme 5-23). A radiation dose of 0.04 mCi was detected in the empty cartridge while the released solution exhibited a radiation dose of 0.83 mCi. The radio-TLC (%) was measured at 99% (radiochemical yield (%)=96.7%).

(128) ##STR00060##