FORMULATION OF A NEW DIESEL FUEL SUITABLE FOR DIESEL ENGINES

Abstract

The new fuel conceived for diesel engines is formulated using one part of standard diesel fuel and two groups of components with different characteristic rating. The first group is composed by reformulated chemicals, while the second group in made by a blend of vegetal oils properly balanced.

The fuel obtained with this formulation has a better thermodynamic performance and allows an appreciable reduction of carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) and particulate matter (PT) output which are, respectively, approximately 50% and 60% lower

Claims

1. A formulation of fuel for diesel engines composed of the following ingredients: (i) group 1 components (nitromethane CH.sub.3NO.sub.2, propanone CH.sub.3COCH.sub.3, 2-hexyl nitrate, amyl nitrate CH.sub.3(CH.sub.2)4ONO.sub.2, acetaldehyde CH.sub.3CHO, Cyclohexane C.sub.6H.sub.12, diethyl carbonate) (ii) group 2 components (camellia sasanqua oil, brassica carinata oil, jojoba oil, jatropha curcas) and (iii) standard diesel fuel

2. A formulation of fuel for diesel engines as claimed in claim 1, where the percentage by volume of group 1 and group 2 components is between 10% and 60%, preferably from 15% to 50%, more preferably at 40% of the fuel formula

3. A formulation of fuel for diesel engines as claimed in claim 1, where the percentage by volume of group 1 is 10% of the fuel formula, in the best formula volumetric composition.

4. A formulation of fuel for diesel engines as claimed in claim 1, where the percentage by volume of group 2 is 30% of the fuel formula, in the best formula volumetric composition.

5. A formulation of fuel for diesel engines as claimed in claim 1, wherein the percentage by volume of diethyl carbonate is between 1% and 12%, preferably between 4% and 8%, more preferably at 6% of the fuel formula

6. A formulation of fuel for diesel engines as claimed in claim 1, wherein the percentage by volume of nitromethane CH.sub.3NO.sub.2 is between 0.2% and 1%, preferably at 0.5% of the fuel formula

7. A formulation of fuel for diesel engines as claimed in claim 1, wherein the percentage by volume of 2-hexyl nitrate is between 0.5% and 3%, preferably between 1% and 2%, more preferably at 1% of the fuel formula

8. A formulation of fuel for diesel engines as claimed in claim 1, wherein the percentage by volume of Jojoba oil (Simmondsia chinensis) is between 3% and 10%, preferably at 5% of the fuel formula

9. A formulation of fuel for diesel engines as claimed in claim 1, wherein the percentage by volume of camellia sasanqua oil (thea sasanqua) is between 5% and 15%, preferably at 10% of the fuel formula

10. A formulation of fuel for diesel engines as claimed in claim 1, wherein the percentage by volume of jatropha curcas oil is between 3% and 15%, preferably at 5% of the fuel formula

11. A formulation of fuel for diesel engines as claimed in claim 1, wherein the percentage by volume of carinata oil is between 3% and 20%, preferably at 10% of the fuel formula.

12. A formulation of fuel for diesel engines as claimed in claim 1 that has a Cetane number higher than 50.

13. A formulation of fuel for diesel engines as claimed in claim 1 that offers the reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) emission (about 50%) and particulate matter (about 60%).

Description

[0009] Using in the formula diethyl carbonate we will have in the combustion chamber the suitable quantity of oxygen derived from the molecule pyrolysis as its presence in the diethyl carbonate is more than 40%. Being the oxygen a gas heavily reagent it had the atomic particularity to link itself within microseconds with the molecules with difficult combustion that are inside the blend and that are the origin of smokiness.

[0010] In the first group of components there is a specific mix of nitrates (nitromethane, amyl nitrate, 2-hexyl nitrate) generates an extremely amplified and homogenous turbulent status inside all the combustion chambers parts obviating zones with delayed or incomplete combustion.

[0011] Jojoba oil (Simmondsia chinensis) that is inside the vegetal oil blend, counteracted at pH7 and degummed, has a high Cetane number that reacts in perfect synergy with diethyl carbonate and nitrates mix, and the other oils as a part of the vegetal oil blend like camellia sasanqua (thea sasanqua), brassica carinata, jatropha curcas are perfectly compatible with the other components e consequently usable in the formula in significant quantities, approximately 30% in volume.

[0012] From trials carried out on several type of diesel engines we achieved that the best formula volumetric composition is obtained mixing in volume 40% of the two groups of components with standard diesel fuel so that the formulated fuel, subject of invention, ha a Cetane number higher than 50 and the exhausted quantity of carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) in the environment is reduced by 50% compared with the one exhausted by the standard diesel fuel as the carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) coming out by the vegetal oil combustion is already detracted during the vegetal plants grow.

[0013] It should be emphasized that the diethyl carbonate, as the new molecule produced for the purpose through the synthesis process already covered by an industrial patent application, is resulted from renewable sources for about its 80%, while the vegetable oils are resulted 100% from renewable sources.

[0014] As a matter of fact, the fuel reduce by approximately 50% its polluting emissions. In addition, the oils used in the process are farmed on top soils not reserved to agricultural food crops obviating the specific problems related to the use of agrarian soils. Using appropriate extraction techniques the vegetal oils have an industrial manufacturing cost lower than crude oil.

[0015] As a result of the above process the fuel made with the formula subject of this invention answers the energetic demands (for a higher thermodynamic performance) as well as the green demands as it offers the reduction of carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) (about 50%) and particulate matter (about 60%) with the guarantee of a beneficial economic result due to reduction of fuel consumption and better performance in thermodynamic conversion rate.

[0016] The volumetric composition of the fuel formula, subject of this invention, is stated in the FIG. 1