SEPARATOR WITH A BYPASS

Abstract

A separator may include a housing with a separation space in which a ventilation base is disposed and in which separation stock is perfusable by separation gas so as to separate fine stock from coarse stock. A separation-gas inlet and a separation-stock inlet may open into the separation space, and a fine-stock outlet and a coarse-stock outlet may lead out of the separation space. A bypass duct may be integrated in the housing for bypassing the separation space. The bypass duct may lead out of the separation-gas inlet and open out downstream of the separation space.

Claims

1.-16. (canceled)

17. A separator comprising: a housing with a separation space in which a ventilation base is disposed and in which separation stock is perfusable by separation gas so as to separate the separation stock into fine stock and coarse stock; a separation-gas inlet that opens into the separation space; a separation-stock inlet that opens into the separation space; a fine-stock outlet that leads out of the separation space; a coarse-stock outlet that leads out of the separation space; and a bypass duct integrated in the housing for bypassing the separation space, wherein the bypass duct leads out of the separation-gas inlet and opens out downstream of the separation space.

18. The separator of claim 17 wherein the housing includes a second separation space that adjoins the fine-stock outlet, wherein a portion of the housing that surrounds the second separation space comprises a medium-fine stock outlet and a most-fine stock outlet.

19. The separator of claim 18 wherein the bypass duct opens into an entry of a second separator that includes the second separation space.

20. The separator of claim 18 further comprising a rotatingly drivable separation rotor disposed in the second separation space.

21. The separator of claim 17 wherein the bypass duct opens into the fine-stock outlet.

22. The separator of claim 17 wherein the bypass duct comprises a plurality of flow ducts.

23. The separator of claim 22 wherein the plurality of flow ducts of the bypass duct terminate in the fine-stock outlet, with the fine-stock outlet being spaced apart from a port of the bypass duct.

24. The separator of claim 22 further comprising a regulator element for each of the plurality of flow ducts of the bypass duct, wherein each regulator element is configured to vary a flow cross section of a respective flow duct.

25. The separator of claim 24 wherein each of the regulator elements is individually adjustable.

26. The separator of claim 17 further comprising a regulator element for varying a flow cross section of the bypass duct.

27. The separator of claim 17 wherein the bypass duct opens into the fine-stock outlet in a decentralized manner.

28. The separator of claim 17 wherein the bypass duct is a first bypass duct, the separator further comprising a second bypass duct, wherein relative to a longitudinal central axis of the fine-stock outlet the first and second bypass ducts open into the fine-stock outlet in a decentralized and diametrical manner.

29. The separator of claim 17 further comprising an intermediate wall that is disposed in the fine-stock outlet and is transverse to the ventilation base.

30. The separator of claim 29 wherein the bypass duct opens into the fine-stock outlet downstream of the intermediate wall.

31. The separator of claim 17 wherein the bypass duct leads out of the separation-gas inlet at a point that is spaced apart from the ventilation base.

32. The separator of claim 17 further comprising a partition wall that extends the bypass duct into the separation-gas inlet.

Description

[0031] The invention will be explained in more detail hereunder by means of an exemplary embodiment which is illustrated in the drawings in which:

[0032] FIG. 1: schematically shows a separator which combines a static coarse separator and a dynamic fine separator, in a side view;

[0033] FIG. 2: schematically shows the static coarse separator of the separator, in a front view;

[0034] FIG. 3: shows a section through the coarse separator, along the sectional plane III-III in FIG. 2;

[0035] FIG. 4: shows a section through the coarse separator, along the sectional plane IV-IV in FIG. 2;

[0036] FIG. 5: shows that part of the static coarse separator that configures the separation space and the fine-stock outlet, in a perspective illustration;

[0037] FIG. 6: shows that part of the static coarse separator which integrates regulator elements for regulating the part-flows of the separation gas which are directed by way of the bypass ducts, in a perspective illustration;

[0038] FIG. 7: shows a side view of that part of the static coarse separator that is illustrated in FIG. 6;

[0039] FIG. 8: shows a cross section through that part of the static coarse separator that is illustrated in FIG. 6;

[0040] FIG. 9: schematically shows the generation of a swirl of the separation-gas flow in the fine-stock outlet;

[0041] FIG. 10: schematically shows a separator according to a further exemplary embodiment, combining a static coarse separator and a dynamic fine separator, in a front view; and

[0042] FIG. 11: schematically shows a separator according to a further exemplary embodiment, combining a static coarse separator and a dynamic fine separator, in a front view.

[0043] The separator illustrated in FIG. 1 comprises a static coarse separator 1 and a dynamic fine separator 2 which is directly downstream thereof. The latter are both integrated in one (multi-part) housing 3, representing one functional unit.

[0044] The (part-) housing 3 of the static coarse separator 1 configures a (first) separation space 4, a separation-gas inlet 5, a separation-stock inlet 6, a coarse-stock outlet 7, and a fine-stock outlet 8. A ventilation base 9 which is aligned obliquely to the vertical and which has a multiplicity of ventilation slots (cf. FIG. 3) is provided in the first separation space 4. The ventilation base configures a guide plane which connects the separation-stock inlet 6 to the coarse-stock outlet 7. Separation stock 10 which is introduced into the first separation space 4 by way of the separation-stock inlet 6 is directed by gravity along this guide plane to the coarse-stock outlet 7 and is at the same time perfused by separation gas which flows through the ventilation slots of the ventilation base 9. The separation gas hereby entrains sufficiently small and thus light particles of the separation stock 10, that is to say the fine stock 11. The fine stock 11 together with the separation-gas flow is delivered to the fine-stock outlet 8 and from there infed to the downstream dynamic fine separator 2. That part of the separation stock 10 that has not been entrained, that is to say the coarse stock 12, is discharged by way of the coarse-stock outlet 7.

[0045] The fine stock 11 by way of the fine-stock outlet 8 is infed to the dynamic fine separator 2. By way of interaction with a rotatingly driven separation rotor 14, having guide blades 15, which is disposed in a (second) separation space 13, fine separation arises, wherein comparatively large particles of the fine stock 11, that is to say the medium-fine stock, is discharged from the second separation space 13 by way of a medium-fine stock outlet 16, while comparatively small particles, that is to say the finest stock, this in particular also potentially being a finished stock to be produced, flow away with the separation-gas flow by way of a finest-stock outlet 17.

[0046] The static coarse separator 1 is provided with two bypass ducts 18 which are integrated in the (part-) housing 3 of the coarse separator 1 and which are provided for directing part-flows of the total flow of the separation gas which enters the separator by way of the separator-gas inlet 5 in a regulatable manner past the first separation space 4, on account of which these part-flows do not participate in the coarse separation taking place in the first separation space 4. The two bypass ducts 18 are disposed on two opposite sides of the first separation space 4 and of the fine-stock outlet 8, having rectangular cross sections. Herein, external walls of the housing 3 encompass the bypass ducts 18 as well as the separation space 4 and the fine-stock outlet 8, while keeping apart in spatial terms the bypass ducts 18 on the one hand, and the separation space 4 as well as the fine-stock outlet 8, on the other hand, is implemented by way of two partition walls 19.

[0047] The partition walls 19 here are embodied so as to be extended upstream of the first separation space 4 (cf. FIG. 4), thereby protruding into the separation-gas inlet 5. On account thereof, separation of the part-flows of the separation gas which are directed by way of the bypass ducts 18 from the main flow which is directed by way of the first separation space 4 is implemented at a comparatively large spacing (upstream) from the ventilation base 9. On account thereof, it can be avoided as far as possible that diverting the part-flows has a negative influence on the perfusion of the ventilation base 9 by means of the main flow.

[0048] The diverted part-flows within the bypass ducts 18 are directed in a plurality of flow ducts 21 which run in parallel and which in spatial terms are kept apart by means of sub-partition walls 20. Herein, each flow duct 21 at the entry side is assigned in each case one regulator element in the form of a regulator flap 22 which is rotatable by approx. 90 about a shaft. The volumetric flow of the part-flows of the separation gas which is directed by way of the bypass ducts 18 is regulatable by the regulator flaps 22 between a minimal value which is present in the case of fully closed regulator flaps 22 and which is essentially zero, and a maximum value in the case of fully opened regulator flaps 22. FIGS. 6 and 8 show the regulator flaps 22 in the fully closed position, while a partially opened position of the regulator flaps 22 is shown in FIG. 4.

[0049] Adjustment of the regulator flaps 22 is performed in each case by means of one actuator 23 for each bypass duct, which in each case acts directly on the shaft of one of the regulator flaps 22, rotation of this one regulator flap 22 being transmitted by way of push-pull rods 24 and levers 25 to the other regulator flaps 22 of the respective bypass duct 18.

[0050] The partition walls 19 which keep the bypass ducts 18 apart from the first separation space 4 and the respective part of the fine-stock outlet 8 terminate so as to be approximately level with the sub-partition walls 20 which subdivide the bypass ducts 18 into the flow ducts 21. Downstream thereof, the housing configures in each case on outlet space 26 as part of the bypass ducts 18 (cf. FIG. 5). The part-flows which are directed in the individual flow ducts 21 of the bypass ducts 18 are collected in these outlet spaces 26, and then enter the fine-stock outlet 8 in each case by way of a port opening 27 which extends only across part of the respective side of the fine-stock outlet 8. It is provided here that the two port openings 27 of the two bypass ducts 18 in relation to a longitudinal central axis 28 of the fine-stock outlet 8 each are disposed in a decentralized and in a mutually diametrical manner (cf. FIG. 9; in FIG. 5 the respective apertures 30 for partially keeping the outlet spaces 26 apart in spatial terms from the fine-stock outlet 8 are not shown). On account thereof, the part-flows which enter from the bypass ducts 18 into the fine-stock outlet 8 cause a swirl of the then reunited total flow of the separation gas about the longitudinal central axis 28 of the fine-stock outlet 8. Herein, the rotation direction of the swirl corresponds to the rotation direction of the separation rotor 14 of the dynamic fine separator 2.

[0051] It can also be seen in FIG. 5 that the fine-stock outlet 8 is subdivided into part-spaces by a plurality (presently three) intermediate walls 29, wherein the intermediate walls 29 are aligned transversely and in particular perpendicularly to the ventilation base 9. The intermediate walls 29 serve for reinforcing the housing 3, on the one hand, and on the other hand for increasing by means of an increase in the Froude number the load capacity of the main flow of the separation gas which has been reduced as a result of an optional diversion of the part-streams which have been directed by way of the bypass ducts 18. The intermediate walls 29 terminate downstream, approximately level with the partition walls 19 and with the sub-partition walls 20, and thus upstream of the port openings 27 of the bypass ducts 18. On account thereof, the former impede as little as possible the mixing of the part-flows which exit from the bypass ducts 18 with the main flow of the separation gas and the formation of a swirl performed thereby about the longitudinal central axis 28 of the fine-stock outlet 8.

[0052] FIG. 10 shows a separator according to a further exemplary embodiment. The separator has a static coarse separator 32 and a dynamic fine separator 34 downstream thereof. The static coarse separator 32 is illustrated in a front view and corresponds substantially to the static coarse separator 1 illustrated in FIG. 2, having a ventilation base 42. As opposed to the static separator 1 illustrated in FIG. 2, the static coarse separator 32 shown in FIG. 10 has a housing 36 which may be configured so as to be tubular or to have a rectangular cross section, for example, serving as a connection piece between the ventilation base 42 and the fine-stock outlet. Two bypass ducts 40 by way of the which part-flows of the total flow entering the static separator 32 are directed past the ventilation base 42 and the first separation space 38 in a regulatable manner are disposed around the separation space 38 and within the housing 36. In the exemplary embodiment of the separator illustrated in FIG. 10, the housing 36 extends in an arcuate manner up to a dynamic separator 34 which adjoins the static separator 36, so that the flow perfusing the static separator 32 is deflected by approx. 180, flowing into the dynamic separator 34. Keeping apart in spatial terms the separation space 38, or the fine-stock outlet of the static separator 34, respectively, and the bypass ducts 40 is implemented by partition walls 46. The partition walls 46 extend along the housing 36 of the static separator 32. That region of the static separator in which no further material separation is carried out adjoins the separation space 38 of the static separator. The partition walls 46 of the bypass ducts 40 in FIG. 10 extend across the length of the separation space 38 and across the length of the housing 36 in which sorting of coarse stock is performed. The partition walls 46 terminate in the fine-stock outlet which adjoins the separation space 38, and the bypass flow and the separated fine-stock flow are collected there and enter the dynamic separator 34.

[0053] As opposed to the separator which above has been described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9, the fine stock which leaves the static separator is supplied in a substantially horizontal manner to the dynamic separator 34, at the level with the separation rotor 44.

[0054] FIG. 11 shows a separator according to a further exemplary embodiment. The separator illustrated in FIG. 11 corresponds substantially to the separator illustrated in FIG. 10, differing in that the partition wall 48 in FIG. 11 extends beyond the fine-stock outlet up to the inlet to the dynamic separator 34. The bypass flow and the separated fine-stock flow in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 11 are collected downstream of the separation space 38 and downstream of the fine-stock outlet. The partition walls 48 terminate at the downstream end of the fine-stock outlet at the entry to the dynamic separator. It is likewise conceivable that the partition walls 48 extend somewhat into the gas entry of the dynamic separator 34.

LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

[0055] 1. Static coarse separator [0056] 2. Dynamic fine separator [0057] 3. Housing [0058] 4. First separation space [0059] 5. Separation-gas inlet [0060] 6. Separation-stock inlet [0061] 7. Coarse-stock outlet [0062] 8. Fine-stock outlet [0063] 9. Ventilation base [0064] 10. Separation stock [0065] 11. Fine stock [0066] 12. Coarse stock [0067] 13. Second separation space [0068] 14. Separation rotor [0069] 15. Guide blades [0070] 16. Medium-fine stock outlet [0071] 17. Finest-stock outlet [0072] 18. Bypass duct [0073] 19. Partition wall [0074] 20. Sub-partition wall [0075] 21. Flow duct [0076] 22. Regulator flap [0077] 23. Actuator [0078] 24. Push-pull rod [0079] 25. Lever [0080] 26. Outlet space [0081] 27. Port opening [0082] 28. Longitudinal central axis of the fine-stock outlet [0083] 29. Intermediate wall [0084] 30. Aperture [0085] 31. Static coarse separator [0086] 32. Dynamic fine separator [0087] 36. Housing [0088] 38. First separation space [0089] 40. Bypass duct [0090] 42. Ventilation base [0091] 44. Separation rotor [0092] 46. Partition wall [0093] 48. Partition wall