ACTIVATING AGENT FOR TREATMENT OF RADIOACTIVE WASTEWATER AND METHOD USING THE SAME FOR RADIOACTIVE WASTEWATER TREATMENT

Abstract

An activating agent for the treatment of radioactive wastewater. The activating agent is prepared by dissolving a mixture of inorganic salts including Ca.sup.2+, Na.sup.+, Sr.sup.2+, Zn.sup.2+, Mg.sup.2+, Fe.sup.2+ and K.sup.+ in pure water having an electrical resistivity greater than 0.5 M.Math.cm to yield a solution. A method of radioactive wastewater treatment using the activating agent includes: 1) preparing the activating agent; 2) adding the activating agent to radioactive wastewater having an electrical resistivity greater than 0.5 M.Math.cm; uniformly mixing the activating agent and the radioactive wastewater; 3) further treating the radioactive wastewater including the activating agent using an electro-deionization device; and 4) collecting two liquid flows obtained in 3), one being purified water, the other being concentrated water returning to 2) for further purification.

Claims

1. An activating agent for treating radioactive wastewater, the activating agent being prepared by dissolving a mixture of inorganic salts comprising Ca.sup.2+, Na.sup.+, Sr.sup.2+, Zn.sup.2+, Mg.sup.2+, Fe.sup.2+ and K.sup.+ in pure water having an electrical resistivity greater than 0.5 M.Math.cm to yield a solution, wherein the concentrations of the inorganic salts in the solution are as follows: Ca.sup.2+: 0.01-1 g/L; Na.sup.+: 0.02-1.5 g/L; Sr.sup.2+: 0.8-45 mg/L; Zn.sup.2+: 1.8-100 mg/L, Mg.sup.2+: 0.02-1.25 g/L; Fe.sup.2+: 4-250 mg/L; and K.sup.+: 10-750 mg/L.

2. A method of radioactive wastewater treatment using the activating agent of claim 1, the method comprising: 1) preparing the activating agent by dissolving a mixture of inorganic salts comprising Ca.sup.2+, Na.sup.+, Sr.sup.2+, Zn.sup.2+, Fe.sup.2+ and K.sup.+ in pure water having an electrical resistivity greater than 0.5 M.Math.cm to yield a solution, wherein the concentrations of the inorganic salts in the solution are as follows: Ca.sup.2+: 0.01-1 g/L; Na.sup.+: 0.02-1.5 g/L; Sr.sup.2+: 0.8-45 mg/L; Zn.sup.2+: 1.8-100 mg/L; Mg.sup.2+: 0.02-1.25 g/L; Fe.sup.2+: 4-250 mg/L; and K.sup.+: 10-750 mg/L; 2) adding the activating agent to radioactive wastewater having an electrical resistivity greater than 0.5 M.Math.cm, wherein a volume percentage of the activating agent to the radioactive wastewater is between 0.02% and 1%; uniformly mixing the activating agent and the radioactive wastewater until the concentrations of the inorganic salts in the radioactive wastewater are as follows: Ca.sup.2+: 0.1-0.2 mg/L; Na.sup.+: 0.2-0.3 mg/L; Sr.sup.2+: 8-9 g/L; Zn.sup.2+: 18-20 g/L; Mg.sup.2+: 0.2-0.25 mg/L; Fe.sup.2+: 0.04-0.05 mg/L; and K.sup.+: 100-150 g/L; 3) further treating the radioactive wastewater comprising the activating agent using an electro-deionization device; and 4) collecting two liquid flows obtained in 3), one being purified water, the other being concentrated water returning to 2) for further purification.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein a total concentration of the inorganic salts in the radioactive wastewater after uniformly mixing with the activating agent is greater than 0.1 mg/L and less than or equal to 10 mg/L.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the total concentration of the inorganic salts in the radioactive wastewater after uniformly mixing with the activating agent is greater than 0.6 mg/L and less than or equal to 1.0 mg/L.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0048] For further illustrating the invention, experiments detailing an activating agent for the treatment of radioactive wastewater and method using the same for radioactive wastewater treatment are described below. It should be noted that the following examples are intended to describe and not to limit the invention.

Example 1

[0049] After treatment of two-stage reverse osmosis and electro-deionization, the total beta radioactivity of the radioactive wastewater was 1.22 Bq/L. To further reduce the radioactivity, an activating agent comprising pure water having an electrical resistivity greater than 0.5 M.Math.cm and inorganic salts comprising Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2, NaNO.sub.3, Sr(NO.sub.3).sub.2, Zn(NO.sub.3).sub.2, Mg(NO.sub.3).sub.2, Fe(NO.sub.3).sub.2 and KNO.sub.3 was prepared, and the concentration of cations in the activating agent were as follows:

[0050] Ca.sup.2+: 0.1 g/L;

[0051] Na.sup.+: 0.2 g/L;

[0052] Sr.sup.2+: 8 mg/L;

[0053] Zn.sup.2+: 18 mg/L;

[0054] Mg.sup.2+: 200 mg/L;

[0055] Fe.sup.2+: 40 mg/L;

[0056] K.sup.+: 100 mg/L.

[0057] The prepared activating agent was added to radioactive wastewater with a volume ratio thereof of 1:1000 (the activating agent to the radioactive wastewater), uniformly mixed, then the wastewater was treated using an electro-deionization device. After the treatment, the total beta radioactivity of the radioactive wastewater is 2.7310.sup.2 Bq/L, which is lower than the total beta radioactivity of local tap water. In general, the total beta radioactivity of local tap water is the natural background radiation, specifically, 3.2310.sup.2 Bq/L.

Example 2

[0058] After treatment of two-stage reverse osmosis and electro-deionization, the total beta radioactivity of the radioactive wastewater was 1.97 Bq/L. To further reduce the radioactivity, an activating agent comprising pure water having an electrical resistivity greater than 0.5 M.Math.cm and inorganic salts comprising Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2, NaCl, Sr(NO.sub.3).sub.2, ZnCl.sub.2, Mg(NO.sub.3).sub.2, Fe(NO.sub.3).sub.2 and KCl was prepared, and the concentration of cations in the activating agent were as follows:

[0059] Ca.sup.2+: 0.1 g/L;

[0060] Na.sup.+: 1.5 g/L;

[0061] Sr.sup.2+: 45 mg/L;

[0062] Zn.sup.2+: 100 mg/L;

[0063] Mg.sup.2+: 1.2 g/L;

[0064] Fe.sup.2+: 250 mg/L;

[0065] K.sup.+: 750 mg/L.

[0066] The prepared activating agent was added to radioactive wastewater with a volume ratio thereof of 1:1200 (the activating agent to the radioactive wastewater), uniformly mixed, then the wastewater was treated using an electro-deionization device. After the treatment, the total beta radioactivity of the radioactive wastewater is 4.5610.sup.2 Bq/L, which is lower than the total beta radioactivity of local tap water. In general, the total beta radioactivity of local tap water is the natural background radiation, specifically, 7.2810.sup.2 Bq/L.

[0067] In contrast, according to conventional process, the radioactive wastewater was evaporated and ion exchange was followed, and the total beta radioactivity of the treated radioactive wastewater is 3.28 Bq/L, which is much higher than that of the invention.

[0068] Unless otherwise indicated, the numerical ranges involved in the invention include the end values. While particular embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made without departing from the invention in its broader aspects, and therefore, the aim in the appended claims is to cover all such changes and modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.