HEAT-SHIELDING COVER OF EXHAUST SYSTEM PART AND METHOD OF PRODUCTION THEREOF
20170002717 ยท 2017-01-05
Inventors
Cpc classification
F01N13/148
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F01N2530/26
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F01N2310/14
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F01N13/14
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F01N13/143
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F01N2530/00
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
International classification
Abstract
A heat-shielding cover operatively adapted for being installed adjacent to an exhaust system part (C) so as to cover the same; the heat-shielding cover including a fabric (10) provided with a prescribed shape and comprising inorganic fibers, and a mixture (11) that impregnates the fabric (10), with the mixture comprising an inorganic binder, inorganic filler particles and water. The mixture is dried so as to be rigid enough to maintain the shape of the fabric (10). The heat-shielding cover covers an exhaust system part, where the heat-shielding cover has a simple structure, is less likely to be, or is not, subject to warping in the place of installation due to thermal expansion and contraction of the heat-shielding cover, and moreover is less, or is not, susceptible to galvanic corrosion, even as a result of direct installation using an installation member.
Claims
1. A heat-shielding cover operatively adapted for being installed adjacent to an exhaust system part so as to cover the same, the heat-shielding cover comprising: a fabric provided with a prescribed shape and comprising inorganic fibers; and a mixture that impregnates the fabric, with the mixture comprising an inorganic binder, inorganic filler particles and water, wherein the mixture is dried so as to be rigid enough to maintain the shape of the fabric.
2. The heat-shielding cover according to claim 1, wherein the fabric is provided with at least a portion overlaid in multiple layers.
3. The heat-shielding cover according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic filler particles comprise any particulate, when mixed with the inorganic binder in the presence of water, that causes a substantial portion of the inorganic binder to be retained in the fabric.
4. The heat-shielding cover according to claim 1, wherein the fabric is a woven fabric, knitted fabric or a combination of both types of fabric.
5. The heat-shielding cover according to claim 1, wherein the pliable binder wrap comprises in the range of from about 1% to about 35% inorganic binder particles, from about 5% to about 75% inorganic filler particles, and from about 25% to about 65% of the inorganic fibers of the fabric, with each percentage being on a dry weight basis.
6. The heat-shielding cover according to claim 1 further comprising at least one installation member used to install the heat-shielding cover adjacent to an exhaust system part.
7. An exhaust system comprising an exhaust system part and the heat-shielding cover according to claim 1 installed adjacent to the exhaust system part so as to cover the same.
8. A method of production of the heat-shielding cover according to claim 1: a step of molding the fabric impregnated with the mixture into the prescribed shape using at least one die; and a step of heating at least one die to dry the mixture so as to be rigid enough to maintain the shape of the fabric.
9. The method of production according to claim 8, wherein releasing means not easily adhered to by the mixture is interposed between each die and the impregnated fabric.
10. The heat-shielding cover according to claim 2, wherein the inorganic filler particles comprise any particulate, when mixed with the inorganic binder in the presence of water, that causes a substantial portion of the inorganic binder to be retained in the fabric.
11. The heat-shielding cover according to claim 2, wherein the fabric is a woven fabric, knitted fabric or a combination of both types of fabric.
12. The heat-shielding cover according to claim 3, wherein the fabric is a woven fabric, knitted fabric or a combination of both types of fabric.
13. The heat-shielding cover according to claim 2, wherein the pliable binder wrap comprises in the range of from about 1% to about 35% inorganic binder particles, from about 5% to about 75% inorganic filler particles, and from about 25% to about 65% of the inorganic fibers of the fabric, with each percentage being on a dry weight basis.
14. The heat-shielding cover according to claim 3, wherein the pliable binder wrap comprises in the range of from about 1% to about 35% inorganic binder particles, from about 5% to about 75% inorganic filler particles, and from about 25% to about 65% of the inorganic fibers of the fabric, with each percentage being on a dry weight basis.
15. The heat-shielding cover according to claim 4, wherein the pliable binder wrap comprises in the range of from about 1% to about 35% inorganic binder particles, from about 5% to about 75% inorganic filler particles, and from about 25% to about 65% of the inorganic fibers of the fabric, with each percentage being on a dry weight basis.
16. The heat-shielding cover according to claim 2 further comprising at least one installation member used to install the heat-shielding cover adjacent to an exhaust system part.
17. The heat-shielding cover according to claim 3 further comprising at least one installation member used to install the heat-shielding cover adjacent to an exhaust system part.
18. The heat-shielding cover according to claim 4 further comprising at least one installation member used to install the heat-shielding cover adjacent to an exhaust system part.
19. The heat-shielding cover according to claim 5 further comprising at least one installation member used to install the heat-shielding cover adjacent to an exhaust system part.
20. An exhaust system comprising an exhaust system part and the heat-shielding cover according to claim 6 installed adjacent to the exhaust system part so as to cover the same.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014]
[0015]
[0016]
[0017]
[0018]
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] An exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described below based on the attached drawings.
[0021] First, in
[0022] As illustrated in
[0023] The fabric can comprise inorganic fibers (e.g., continuous glass fibers, silica fibers, basalt fibers, polycrystalline fibers, heat treated refractory ceramic fibers or any combination thereof,) suitable for being formed into a fabric such as, for example, one or any combination of woven, and/or knitted into a fabric. A fabric preferably refers to a woven fabric, knitted fabric or a combination of these types of fabric. Only fabrics with sufficient structural integrity are useful in the present invention. For example, it is desirable for a fabric according to the present invention to exhibit sufficient strength (e.g., tensile strength) to survive being impregnated with the mixture, formed, dried and used as a heat shield. A fabric according to the present invention can be made from the same or different types of fibers. As discussed herein, the fabric of the heat-shielding cover is saturated, soaked, coated, sprayed or otherwise impregnated throughout all, most or at least a substantial portion of its thickness with the aqueous mixture so as to be wet and pliable. The fabric can be impregnated with the aqueous mixture before or after being formed into the shape of the heat-shielding cover. After impregnation, the heat-shielding cover is pliable. It is dried so as to form a rigid heat-shielding cover. As used herein, the term dried refers to the pliable heat-shielding cover being heated to a temperature that is hot enough and for a time that is long enough to cause the pliable heat-shielding cover (i.e., the aqueous mixture) to harden and become a rigid heat-shielding cover (i.e., a rigid mixture).
[0024] The aqueous mixture used to impregnate the fabric of exemplary heat-shielding cover is typically a slurry comprising water, an inorganic binder and inorganic filler particles, like that disclosed in International PCT Application Publication Number WO 2013/044012 A1, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Although the weight percent of each component within the slurry may vary, typically a given slurry comprises from about 20.0 to about 54.0 percent by weight (pbw) of water, from about 1.0 to about 36.0 pbw of one or more inorganic binders, and from about 10.0 to about 70.0 pbw of inorganic filler particles, based on a total weight of the slurry. More typically, a given slurry comprises from about 22.0 to about 45.0 pbw of water, from about 5.0 to about 30.0 pbw of one or more inorganic binders, and from about 20.0 to about 55.0 pbw of inorganic filler particles, based on a total weight of the slurry.
[0025] Although the particle size of the inorganic binder material is not limited, typically, the inorganic binder comprises inorganic binder particles having a maximum particle size of about 200 nm, preferably a maximum particle size of about 100 nm. More typically, the inorganic binder comprises inorganic binder particles having a particle size ranging from about 1.0 to about 100 nm. Even more typically, the inorganic binder comprises inorganic binder particles having a particle size ranging from about 4.0 to about 60 nm.
[0026] Further, although the particle size of the inorganic filler particles is not limited, typically, the inorganic filler particles have a maximum particle size of about 100 microns (m). More typically, the inorganic filler particles have a particle size ranging from about 0.1 m to about 100 m. Even more typically, the inorganic filler particles have a particle size ranging from about 0.2 m to about 50 m.
[0027] The woven fabric 10 can be overlaid in multiple layers that overlap partially or completely. In the illustrated example, two layers of the impregnated fabric 10 partially overlap. The use of such multiple layers of the fabric 10 may be particularly desirable in portions of the heat-shielding cover 3 such as, for example, a portion requiring higher heat-shielding properties (e.g., a portion of the heat shield 3 covering a center portion of the catalytic converter C that comes to a particularly high temperature). Other areas for multiple layers of the fabric 10 can include portions where additional strength and/or toughness is required such as, for example, a passive binding (e.g., see the washer shaped piece of fabric 10 shown in
[0028] The woven fabric 10 can be provided with a plurality of slit-shaped or round heat-discharge holes 12 as needed. Moreover, a large number of mesh holes formed by the woven fabric 10 may be left unfilled with the mixture 11 so as to remain as ventilation holes.
[0029] The operation of this embodiment is next described.
[0030] During operation of the internal combustion engine, the catalytic converter C of the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine cleans the exhaust gas and is brought to a high temperature from the reaction heat of the cleaning. However, because the side surface of the catalytic converter C is covered by the heat-shielding cover 3, the heat-shielding cover 3 shields against the radiant heat of the catalytic converter C and prevents thermal damage to various kinds of devices or objects (e.g., organic matter on the ground underneath the catalytic converter C) adjacent to the catalytic converter C.
[0031] The heat-shielding cover 3 is also excellent in acoustic shielding, and can effectively shield against exhaust noise generated by the catalytic converter C.
[0032] The hot gas produced around the catalytic converter C is dissipated to the outside through the heat-discharge holes 12 and 12 . . . of the heat-shielding cover 3 or the large number of mesh holes of the woven fabric 10 configuring the heat-shielding cover 3. Therefore, overheating of the catalytic converter C can be prevented.
[0033] Moreover, as previously described, the heat-shielding cover 3 is configured with the woven fabric 10 containing a heat-resistant fiber 10, and with clay 11 that is impregnated within heat-resistant fiber 10 and dried. Therefore, the heat-shielding cover is excellent in heat-insulating property, and thermal damage to various kinds of devices adjacent thereto can be effectively prevented.
[0034] Because the heat-shielding cover 3 has a very small thermal expansion coefficient and has a suitable degree of flexibility, the heat-shielding cover can comply with thermal expansion and contraction of the catalytic converter C and there is no occurrence of thermal warping in the part fastened using the bolt 8. Accordingly, direct binding of the heat-shielding cover 3 using the bolt 8 becomes possible and a contribution is made to cost reduction.
[0035] Moreover, because the heat-shielding cover 3 has an insulating property, there is also no susceptibility to the occurrence of galvanic corrosion in the part bound using the bolt 8.
[0036] The following Examples of material combinations have been selected merely to further illustrate potential features, advantages, and other details of the invention. It is to be expressly understood, however, that while the Examples serve this purpose, the particular ingredients and amounts used as well as other conditions and details are not to be construed in a manner that would unduly limit the scope of this invention.
EXAMPLES
[0037] The following materials as shown in Table 1 can be used in accordance with the present invention:
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Materials Description Source Fabrics ECG heat set knit 2 3 or 4 wide 3M, St. Paul MN SCOTCHCAST knit heat treated G yarn ECG non-heat set knit 3 wide SCOTCHCAST knit 3M, St. Paul MN not heat treated G yarn ECDE heat set knit 4 wide SCOTCHCAST knit 3M, St. Paul MN heat treated DE yarn silica weave TECSIL 3 13-621 Intec, Anaheim CA e-glass weave #8817K68 McMaster-Carr, Chicago IL Inorganic Binder colloidal silica 4 nm NALCO 1115 Nalco, Chicago IL colloidal silica 15 nm NALCO 1144 Nalco, Chicago IL colloidal silica 20 nm NALCO 2327 Nalco, Chicago IL colloidal silica 60 nm NALCO 1060 Nalco, Chicago IL colloidal alumina 50 nm NYACOL AL20 Nyacol, Ashland MA colloidal silica 8 nm LUDOX SM Grace Davidson Columbia MD Colloidal silica positively Ludox CL-P Grace Davidson Columbia MD charged Colloidal silica deionized Ludox TMA Grace Davidson Columbia MD Colloidal silica 20 nm positive NALCO 1056 Nalco, Chicago, IL charge Colloidal silica sterically Bindzil cc401 AkzoNobel, Marietta, GA stabilized Colloidal silica positive charge Bindzil CAT80 AkzoNobel, Marietta, GA wide particle size range Colloidal silica neutral pH Bindzil DP5100 AkzoNobel, Marietta, GA sodium silicate STIXO NN PQ Corporation, Valley Forge PA Inorganic Fillers and Additives kaolin clay POLYPLATE P KaMin, Macon GA calcined kaolin 2000C KaMin, Macon GA bentonite clay BENTOLITE Southern Clay Gonzales TX aluminum hydroxide 1 Huber ONYX ELITE Huber, Norcross GA aluminum hydroxide 2 MARTINAL OL-104 LE Albemarle, Baton Rouge LA fumed silica CAB-O-SIL M-5 Cabot, Boston MA fumed alumina SpectrAl grade 51 Cabot, Boston MA alumina powder Type A Fisher Scientific, Fairlawn NJ precipitated silica ZEOTHIX 265 Huber, Norcross, GA ground silica 1 MIN-U-SIL 10 U.S. Silica, Frederick MD ground silica 2 MIN-U-SIL 30 U.S. Silica, Frederick MD aluminum powder 325 mesh #11067 Alfa/Aesar, Ward Hill MA Talc talc powder J. T. Baker, Phillipsburg NJ aluminum silicate #14231 Alfa/Aesar, Ward Hill MA calcium silicate MICRO-CEL Celiter Corp., Lompoc CA calcium carbonate Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis MO silicon carbide 800W Electro Abrasives, Buffalo NY glass bubbles SCOTCHLITE K37 3M, St. Paul MN glass frit EG02934VEG Ferro, Cleveland OH titanium dioxide R900 Dupont, Wilmington DE sodium hydroxide Pellets EMD, Germany nitric acid 69% Nitric acid J. T. Baker, Phillipsburg NJ Kaolin clay Dixie clay R. T. Vanderbuilt, Norwalk, CT Wollastonite Vansil 50 R. T. Vanderbuilt, Norwalk, CT Manganese Ferrite FM-2400 Rockwood, Beltsville, MD Silane Z-6040 Dow-Corning, Midland MI
[0038] Slurries can be prepared using ingredients shown above. In each slurry, inorganic materials can be added to liquid component(s) using a high shear mixer and blended until smooth to form a given slurry as shown in Table 2 below.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Slurries Slurry Composition 1 50 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 50 wt % POLYPLATE P 2 67 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 33 wt % calcium carbonate 3 57.1 wt % 1144 colloidal silica, 42.9 wt % calcium carbonate 4 94.4 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 5.6 wt % M-5 fumed silica 5 87.8 wt % 1144 colloidal silica, 12.2 wt % M-5 fumed silica 6 60 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 40 wt % talc 7 52.9 wt % 1144 colloidal silica, 47.1 wt % talc 8 60 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 40 wt % silicon carbide 9 50 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 40 wt % aluminum powder, 10 wt % POLYPLATE P 10 82.3 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 17.7 wt % bentonite clay 11 84 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 16 wt % fumed alumina 12 84.4 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 15.6 wt % glass bubbles 13 50 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 50 wt % titanium dioxide 14 66.7 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 33.3 wt % alumina powder 15 84.2 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 15.8 wt % precipitated silica 16 50 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 50 wt % aluminum silicate 17 42.1 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 57.9 wt % aluminum hydroxide-1 18 42.1 wt % 2326 colloidal silica, 57.9 wt % ground silica 1 19 42.1 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 57.9 wt % ground silica 2 20 45.3 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 50.0 wt % silica 1, 2.8 wt % silicon carbide, 1.8 wt % bentonite clay 21 60 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 40 wt % POLYPLATE P 22 60 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 40 wt % 2000C calcined clay 23 44.5 wt % colloidal silica 1144, 33.3 wt % glass frit, 22.2 wt % 2000C 24 60 wt % SM colloidal silica, 40 wt % POLYPLATE P 25 50 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 50 wt % POLYPLATE P 26 50 wt % 4 nm colloidal silica, 50 wt % POLYPLATE P 27 50 wt % 60 nm colloidal silica, 50 wt % POLYPLATE P 28 50 wt % 1144 colloidal silica, 50 wt % POLYPLATE P 29 60 wt % colloidal alumina, 40 wt % POLYPLATE P 30 100 wt % 2327 colloidal silica 31 100 wt % 4 nm colloidal silica 32 90 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 10 wt % POLYPLATE P 33 80 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 20 wt % POLYPLATE P 34 70 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 30 wt % POLYPLATE P 35 60 wt % 2327 colloidal silica 40 wt % POLYPLATE P 36 100 wt % sodium silicate solution 37 80 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 20 wt % 2000C 38 70 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 30 wt % 2000C 39 60 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 40 wt % 2000C 40 74.4 wt % sodium silicate, 18.6 wt % POLYPLATE P, 7 wt % water 41 12.5 wt % sodium silicate, 50 wt % POLYPLATE P, 37.5 wt % water 42 28.6 wt % sodium silicate, 42.8 wt % POLYPLATE P, 28.6 wt % water 43 45 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 50 wt % POLYPLATE P, 5 wt % titanium dioxide 44 40 wt % sodium silicate, 30 wt % POLYPLATE P, 30 wt % water 45 29.4 wt % sodium silicate, 35.3 wt % POLYPLATE P, 35.3 wt % water 46 14.3 wt % sodium silicate, 42.8 wt % POLYPLATE P, 42.8 wt % water 47 60 wt % POLYPLATE P, 40 wt % water 48 69.5 wt % POLYPLATE P, 30.5 wt % water 49 15 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 55 wt % POLYPLATE P, 30 wt % water 50 31 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 49 wt % POLYPLATE P, 20 wt % water 51 7.7 wt % sodium silicate, 46.2 wt % POLYPLATE P, 46.2 wt % water 52 10 wt % sodium silicate, 90 wt % water 53 25 wt % sodium silicate, 75 wt % water 54 50 wt % sodium silicate, 50 wt % water 55 90.2 wt % 1144 colloidal silica, 9.8 wt % POLYPLATE P 56 50 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 33 wt % POLYPLATE P, 17 wt % 2000C 57 55 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 30 wt % POLYPLATE P, 15 wt % 2000C 58 52.4 wt % 2327 colloidal silica, 31.7 wt % POLYPLATE P, 15.8 wt % 2000C 59 7.9 wt % 4 nm colloidal silica, 68.3 wt % POLYPLATE P, 23.7 wt % water 60 50 wt % 2327, 50 wt % aluminum hydroxide -2 61 44.5 wt % 1144 colloidal silica, 33.3 wt % glass frit, 22.2 wt % 2000C clay 62 53.3 wt % nitric acid treated 1144 colloidal silica*, 46.7 wt % POLYPLATE P *Nitric acid added with stirring to 1144 colloidal silica until pH 2.3 is achieved. 63 83.7 wt % 1144 colloidal silica, 16.3 wt % calcium silicate 64 50% 1056 colloidal silica, 18% 2000C clay, 32% POLYPLATE P 65 50% 1056 colloidal silica, 50% Dixie clay 66 50% 1144 colloidal silica, 50% Vansil 50 67 53% Cat 80 colloidal silica, 47% POLYPLATE P 68 50% cc401 colloidal silica, 45% POLYPLATE P, 5% FM2400 69 50% DP5110 colloidal silica, 45% POLYPLATE P, 5% FM2400 70 50% 1056 colloidal silica, 45% POLYPLATE P, 5% FM2400 71 53% cat 80 colloidal silica 42% Dixie clay, 5% FM2400 72 54% Ludox CL-P colloidal silica, 46% POLYPLATE P 73 50% Ludox TMA colloidal silica, 50% POLYPLATE P 74 25% 1056 colloidal silica, 25% Cat 80 colloidal silica, 25% Polyplate P, 25% Dixie clay 75 25% 1056 colloidal silica, 25% Cat 80 colloidal silica, 25% POLYPLATE P, 25% Dixie clay + 0.33% Z-6040 silane
[0039] Each exemplary fabric can be impregnated with a given slurry to produce a given pliable heat-shielding cover, and subsequently formed and dried into a rigid heat-shielding cover via a drying/heat treatment molding procedure like that described below.
[0040] An exemplary method of production of the heat-shielding cover 3 is next described while referring to
[0041] A pair of upper and lower dies 15 and 16 for press-molding the heat-shielding cover 3 is prepared. Heaters 17 and 17 are embedded in the dies 15 and 16, and a plurality of steam escape slots 18 and 18 . . . is provided on facing surfaces of the dies 15 and 16.
[0042] When molding the heat-shielding cover 3, first, a releasing sheet 19 (e.g., made using aluminum foil) is laid on the lower die 16. A plurality of steam escape holes is provided in the releasing sheet 19 for the water in the mixture 11 to escape through when heated. A woven fabric 10 impregnated with aqueous mixture 11 is set on the releasing sheet 19. Then, as previously described, woven fabric 10 impregnated with mixture 11 is placed in multiple layers in places requiring high heat-shielding property or places requiring strength on the heat-shielding cover 3.
[0043] Moreover, a releasing sheet 19 of the same kind as mentioned above is laid on the woven fabric 10, and then, as illustrated in
[0044] According to such production method, a shape can be provided to a woven fabric 10 impregnated with mixture 10, and a heat-shielding cover 3 can be produced efficiently, using a pair of upper and lower dies 15 and 16.
[0045] The present invention is not limited to the abovementioned embodiment, and all kinds of design modifications are possible within a scope that does not deviate from the main point thereof. For example, a metal mesh, porous steel sheet, or other reinforcing material may be sandwiched between woven fabrics 10 overlaid in a plurality of sheets, or the reinforcing material may be provided on the top surface. Additionally, the material of the reinforcing material is not limited to metal, and may also be a heat-resistant resin or ceramic. Moreover, the heat-shielding cover 3 can be installed on the catalytic converter C using a band, or the like, instead of one or more bolts 8. Additionally, a releasing powder can be used on the dies 15 and 16 instead of the releasing sheet 19. The releasing sheets 19 and 19 may also be replaced with a coating of conventional release material that adheres to the dies 15 and 16 but not the heat-shielding cover 3. Moreover, the shape of the heat-shielding cover can be freely selected in accordance with the type or arrangement of the exhaust system part or with the arrangement of adjacent members. Furthermore, the present invention may be useful as a heat shield for applications other than for an exhaust system part. On such other application may be, for example, as a heat shield for other heat generating structures or for protecting heat sensitive areas of a structure.