Conveyor chain, in particular a can conveyor chain

Abstract

A conveyor chain, in particular a can conveyor chain, comprises chain links, which are interconnected by a respective chain hinge, and laterally projecting transport bars, which have a damping head made of a plastic material and provided for contact with the articles to be conveyed, the damping head comprising a fastening portion, a spring section arranged on said fastening portion and a contact portion connected to the spring section and adapted to contact the articles to be conveyed. A conveyor chain is provided of this type with a simpler and less failure-prone structural design. To this end, the damping head is provided with a front-side cavity of such a nature that the spring section has an elastically deformable wall portion whose wall thickness narrows, at least sectionwise, towards the contact portion, at least said spring section being made of an elastomer having a maximum shore hardness of A90.

Claims

1. A conveyor chain comprising chain links, which are interconnected by means of a respective chain hinge, and laterally projecting transport bars, which have a damping head made of a plastic material and provided for contact with the articles to be conveyed, said damping head comprising a fastening portion, a spring section arranged on said fastening portion and a contact portion connected to the spring section and adapted to contact the articles to be conveyed, wherein the damping head is provided with a front-side cavity of such a nature that the spring section has an elastically deformable wall portion whose wall thickness decreases towards the contact portion, and that at least the spring section is made of an elastomer having a maximum shore hardness of A90, and wherein an outer circumference of the spring section increases in size in a direction towards the contact portion.

2. The conveyor chain according to claim 1, wherein the cavity has the shape of a truncated cone or of a bowl.

3. The conveyor chain according to claim 1, wherein a lateral surface of the cavity is convex and/or an outer surface of the spring section is concave.

4. The conveyor chain according to claim 1, wherein the spring section has an opening so as to form at least one air vent.

5. The conveyor chain according to claim 1, wherein the damping head is produced as an integral component.

6. The conveyor chain according to claim 1, wherein the damping head is made of a same material in a uniform manner.

7. The conveyor chain according to claim 1, wherein the damping head consists of FKM.

8. The conveyor chain according to claim 1, wherein, at a lower end of the fastening area, a retaining ring is provided as a stop for the damping head.

9. The conveyor chain according to claim 1, wherein alternating outer and inner chain links are provided, said outer chain links comprising outer link plates and chain pins and said inner chain links comprising inner link plates and bushes, and that transport bars are integrated at predetermined intervals.

10. The conveyor chain according to claim 1, wherein the transport bar has a shaft connected to the damping head, and that, on a side facing away from the spring section, the fastening portion is provided with a blind hole opening having inserted therein the fastening area of the shaft.

11. The conveyor chain according to claim 10, wherein the fastening area of the shaft has on its surface a press-in profile and is press fitted into the blind hole opening of the damping head.

12. The conveyor chain according to claim 11, wherein the press-in profile is a sawtooth profile.

13. A conveyor chain comprising chain links, which are interconnected by means of a respective chain hinge, and laterally projecting transport bars, which have a damping head made of a plastic material and provided for contact with the articles to be conveyed, said damping head comprising a fastening portion, a spring section arranged on said fastening portion and a contact portion connected to the spring section and adapted to contact the articles to be conveyed, wherein the damping head is provided with a front-side cavity of such a nature that the spring section has an elastically deformable wall portion whose wall thickness decreases towards the contact portion, and that at least the spring section is made of an elastomer having a maximum shore hardness of A90, and wherein the contact portion is defined by an annular bead, which is arranged on an outer end of the spring section.

14. The conveyor chain according to claim 13, wherein the annular bead has an opening so as to form at least one air vent.

15. A conveyor chain comprising chain links, which are interconnected by means of a respective chain hinge, and laterally projecting transport bars, which have a damping head made of a plastic material and provided for contact with the articles to be conveyed, said damping head comprising a fastening portion, a spring section arranged on said fastening portion and a contact portion connected to the spring section and adapted to contact the articles to be conveyed, wherein the damping head is provided with a front-side cavity of such a nature that the spring section has an elastically deformable wall portion whose wall thickness decreases towards the contact portion, and that at least the spring section is made of an elastomer having a maximum shore hardness of A90, and wherein the damping head has at least one air vent that communicates with the cavity.

16. The conveyor chain according to claim 15, wherein the annular bead has an opening so as to form the at least one air vent.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) In the following, an embodiment of the present invention will be explained in more detail making reference to a drawing, in which:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a piece of a conveyor chain according to the present invention in a full section view,

(3) FIG. 2 shows the detail II of FIG. 1 in an enlarged representation,

(4) FIG. 3 shows the damping head according to FIG. 1 in an enlarged full section view,

(5) FIG. 4A-4C show various embodiments of a damping head in a full section view,

(6) FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of a damping head with various venting variants in a full section view,

(7) FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of a damping head in an enlarged perspective view obliquely from the front,

(8) FIG. 7 shows a connection variant of the transport bar in an enlarged full section view, and

(9) FIG. 8 shows another connection variant of the transport bar in an enlarged full section view.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(10) The conveyor chain 1 shown sectionwise in FIG. 1 is a can conveyor chain, which serves especially for conveying cans, in particular beverage cans, and which conveys the cans e.g. through a drying oven. In the course of this process, the conveyor chain is subject to elevated temperatures as well as paints and the resultant contamination. The highly delicate articles to be conveyed must not be damaged, and the damping characteristics of the conveyor chain 1 are therefore extremely important.

(11) The conveyor chain 1 comprises alternating inner chain links 2 and outer chain links 3, which are connected to one another by means of a respective chain hinge 4. The inner chain link 2 comprises two spaced apart inner link plates 5.1 and 5.2, which are connected to one another by means of bushes 6.1 and 6.2 that also arranged in spaced relationship with one another. To this end, the inner link plates 5.1 and 5.2 are provided with suitable openings 7.1 and 7.2 having press-fitted therein the end portions of the bushes 6.1 and 6.2. A respective roller 8.1 and 8.2 is rotatably supported on the outer circumferential surface of each bush 6.1 and 6.2. The outer chain link 3 comprises two spaced apart outer link plates 9.1 and 9.2 and, in most cases, two spaced-part chain pins 10. A respective chain pin 10 of the outer chain link 3 extends through an associated bush 6.1 or 6.2 of the inner chain link 2, so that they jointly define a respective chain hinge 4. At regular intervals, a chain pin 10 (as shown in FIG. 1) of an outer chain link 3 is replaced by a shaft 13 of a transport bar 12. The distance at which the transport bars 12 are spaced apart within a conveyor chain 1 depends on the articles to be conveyed. In the case of one embodiment provided (not shown), each seventh chain pin 10 is replaced by a shaft 13, i.e. most of the outer chain links 3 comprise two chain pins 10. The inner chain links 2 and the outer chain links 3 as well as the shaft 13 are made of a steel material. The mounting end 14 of the transport bar 12 is, like a chain pin 10, press fitted into the associated openings 11 of the outer link plates 9.1 and 9.2. Other fastening modes of the transport bar 12 are possible. The fastening area 15 of the shaft 13 has a sawtooth-shaped insertion structure in the form of circumferentially extending grooves. The lower end of the fastening area 15 is delimited by an annular groove 16 in the shaft 13. This annular groove 16 has arranged therein a retaining ring 17 (according to DIN 471).

(12) The fastening area 15 of the shaft 13 has attached thereto a damping head 18 of the transport bar 12. As can especially be seen from FIG. 3, the damping head 18 has, on the lower side 19 thereof, a cylindrical blind hole opening 20. The blind hole opening 20 extends in the cylindrical fastening portion 21 of the damping head 18. The cross-section of the fastening portion 21 is annular in shape in the area of the blind hole opening 20 and circular in shape above the blind hole opening 20. The contact side 22 of the damping head 18 is provided with a cavity 23 which narrows in the direction of the fastening portion 21. A contact portion 24 of the damping head 18 is defined by an annular bead 25, which is substantially circular in cross-section. A spring section 26 extends between the fastening portion 21 and the contact portion 24. The spring section 26 thus enlarges in a funnel shape, starting from the fastening portion 21, towards the contact portion 24. The outer surface of the spring section 26 is concave, whereas the inner surface of the spring section 26 is convex, said inner surface being defined by the blind hole opening 20. The centers of the radii of curvature are not congruent. Nor are the curvatures used identical. This has the effect that a spring section 26 is defined, whose wall thickness b decreases from the fastening portion 21 towards the contact portion 24. Leaving out of account the transition radius at the bottom of the cavity 23, the wall thickness b decreases by approx. 50% (preferred range for the present invention 25 to 75%). Starting from the fastening portion 21, the damping head 18 widens (increases in diameter) up to the contact portion 24 by approx. 100% (preferred range for the present invention 50 to 150%). In comparison with a conical structural design with non-curved surfaces of the spring section 26, the wall of the spring section 26 is of greater length due to the curvature, said greater length finding expression in the spring properties.

(13) In order to prevent the bead 25 from adhering to the articles to be conveyed, said bead 25 is provided with a plurality of spaced-apart air vents 27 in the form of grooves.

(14) The damping head 18 is made of an elastomeric material. In the present example, a fluororubber (FKM) is used, which has an excellent resistance to oil and chemicals in a temperature range of from approx. 20 C. to +250 C. This fluororubber has a shore hardness in the range of from A60 to A70 (and lies therefore in the range of from min. A50 to max. A90). Depending on the intended use, other elastomeric materials may, however, be used as well. A choice is shown in the following Table 1:

(15) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 1) material 2) code d. 3) oil 4) gasol. 5) sulf. acid 6) wat. 7) ozone properties acrylate ACM 1 2 3 2 good ageing and rubber ozone resistance 25 to +130 C. ethylene AEM 1 2 3 2 good resistance acrylic to weather and rubber ozone 40 to +150 C. polyurethane PUR 2 1 3 3 1 good ageing and rubber ozone resistance high resistance to tearing & wear 30 to +80 C. brombutyl BIIR 3 3 2 1 3 good resistance rubber to acids & hot water 40 to +150 C. chlorobutyl CIIR 3 3 2 1 3 good resistance rubber to acids & hot water 40 to +150 C. epichlorohydrin CO 1 2 1 1 low gas perme- polymer ability, good resistance to weather & ozone 40 to +140 C. chlorobutadiene CR 3 2 3 2 3 good mechanical rubber properties, resis- tant to weather and ozone 45 to +100 C. chlorosulfonated CSM 3 3 2 1 1 good resistance polyethylene to chemicals, ageing & ozone, inflammable, 20 to +120 C. epichlorohydrin ECO 1 2 1 1 good resistance ethyleneoxide to mineral oils & rubber fats, propane 40 to +140 C. ethylene EPDM 3 3 1 1 1 good resistance propylenediene EPM to ageing, ozone rubber and weather, very versatile, 50 to +150 C. perfluorinated FFPM 1 1 1 1 1 excellent media rubber FFKM resistance for safety-related systems 15 to +250 C. fluororubber FPM 1 1 1 1 1 excellent FKM resistance to oil and chemicals 20 to +250 C. fluoromethyl FVMQQ, 1 1 1 high thermal polysiloxane MQ 2 3 3 1 1 resis., high resis. MVQ 2 3 3 2 1 to ageing, ozone, weather, electrically insulating 80 to +175 C. 60 to +180 C. 60 to +200 C. butyl IIR 3 3 1 1 3 good resis. to rubber acids, hot water, glycol 40 to +150 C. acryl nitrile NBR 1 2 3 1 3 versatile use, butadiene poor resistance rubber to ozone and weather, 30 to +100 C. natural NR 3 3 3 2 3 good mechanical rubber strength and elasticity, inflammable 60 to +80 C. styrene SBR 3 3 2 2 3 improved butadiene resistance to rubber abrasion and ageing 50 to +100 C. 1) material - raw material group 2) code designation DIN 7728 resistances 3) to mineral oil 4) to gasoline 5) to sulfuric acid (conc.) 6) to water 7) to ozone

(16) In the following, the mode of operation of the present invention will be explained briefly on the basis of the above embodiment.

(17) The conveyor chain 1, only a small detail of which is shown in FIG. 1, may have a considerable length and is provided for conveying cans through a drying oven. The cans are transferred to transport bars 12, where they strike with their bottom and their inner circumferential surface more or less sharply against the damping head 18. The delicate cans must not be damaged during this process, and that is why the damping head 18 must provide a suitable damping effect, which must not fail in spite of the conditions prevailing in the production process, e.g. the presence of paints, contaminations and temperature influences. Due to the shape of the damping head 18 and its rigid, i.e. fixed arrangement on the fastening area 15 of the shaft 13, the damping head 18 has imparted thereto excellent damping characteristics on the basis of geometric parameters and the properties of the material used. Hence, no additional components or moving parts are necessary. The conveyor chain 1 can thus be produced with less mounting effort. Also the exchange of damping heads 18 is very easy. Due to the elasticity of the material used, an intimate connection of the shaft 13 can be accomplished by means of the sawtooth profile at the fastening end 15. Furthermore, the lower side 19 of the damping head 18 is additionally supported by the retaining ring 17, so that the fastening end 15 will be prevented from axially penetrating the material of the damping head 18. Due to the fact that the damping head 18 is fixedly secured to the shaft 13 (no relative movement and, consequently, neither friction losses nor any risk of jamming or canting), there is no risk that the spring effect may fail. The use of an elastomeric material, in particular of the elastomer FKM, provides a cost-efficient alternative to plastic materials, in particular PEEK, which have hitherto been employed for such cases of use. Due to the fact that gaps are avoided in the case of the new solution, new fields of use are opened up also in the sphere of packages for cosmetics, medicines and food. Contaminations, germs and bacteria cannot deposit in gaps.

(18) Making reference to FIG. 4A to 4C, alternative embodiments of the damping head 18 will be explained in more detail. A decrease in the damping characteristics, i.e. a harder damping, can be seen in a particularly clear manner from the sequence of FIG. 4A to 4C. This is accomplished by respective cavities 23 of different depths in the contact side 22.

(19) Making reference to FIG. 5, different possibilities of venting the cavity 23 are shown. In addition to groove-shaped air vents 27 in the bead 25, there may also be provided one or a plurality of radial air vents 28 in the wall of the spring section 26, or one or a plurality of air vents 29 extending through the fastening portion 21 and the spring section 26 in an axially parallel manner. These alternatives may be used independently or in any combination.

(20) On the basis of FIG. 6, a further embodiment of the damping head 18 is shown. For defining the air vent 27, openings are distributed along the circumference, which penetrate through the bead 25 and extend into the spring section 26 to a considerable extent. Lobe-shaped areas of the spring section 26 are thus formed, which lead to substantially softer damping characteristics. The width, the depth and the orientation (straight or oblique or curved formation) of the openings will here influence the damping behavior to decisive extent. Due to the unchanging width of the opening shown, the lobe-shaped areas of the spring section narrow in width towards the bottom, whereas they increase in thickness by definition. The embodiments according to the figures should only be considered as design possibilities, which may also be combined with one another, so as to achieve different damping characteristics without any relative movement between the damping head 18 and the shaft 13 being necessary.

(21) In the following, a variant of attaching the transport bar will be shown making reference to FIG. 7. The present variant is a so-called screwed variant. To this end, a chain hinge 4 is given a different structural design. The use of a roller is dispensed with and, instead, an enlarged bush 6.2 is installed in the inner chain link 2. A longer bush 30 extends through said bush 6.2, said longer bush 30 being press fitted into the outer link plates 9.1, 9.2. This longer bush 30 has inserted therein the mounting end 14 of the transport bar 12. This mounting end 14 has a threaded portion 31, which is secured in position by a locking nut 32 supported on the end face of the long bush 30.

(22) Making reference to FIG. 8, a further variant is now described, which is referred to as plug-in variant. To this end, a roller 8.2 of the inner chain link 2 is again omitted and replaced by an enlarged bush 6.2, which is press fitted to the inner link plates 5.1, 5.2. This longer bush has inserted therein the mounting end 14 of the transport bar 12. The mounting end is additionally provided with a locking tongue 33 that extends parallel to the outer link plates 9.1, 9.2. The associated outer chain link 3 is provided with an elongated chain pin 34 extending into an opening of the locking tongue 33 and projecting therebeyond. Locking is in this case effected by means of a splint, which is not shown in detail.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS

(23) 1 conveyor chain 2 inner chain link 3 outer chain link 4 chain hinge 5.1, 5.2 inner link plate 6.1, 6.2 bush 7 opening 8.1, 8.2 roller 9.1, 9.2 outer link plate 10 chain pin 11 opening 12 transport bar 13 shaft 14 mounting end 15 fastening area 16 annular groove 17 retaining ring 18 damping head 19 lower side 20 blind hole opening 21 fastening portion 22 contact side 23 cavity 24 contact portion 25 bead 26 spring section 27 air vent 28 air vent 29 air vent 30 long bush 31 threaded portion 32 locking nut 33 locking tongue 34 elongated chain pin