ELECTRIC-PULSE FRACTURING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR HARD ROOF OF COAL MINE BASED ON SELF-SEALING WATER BAG

Abstract

An electric-pulse fracturing device for hard roof of coal mine based on a self-sealing water bag and an using method thereof are provided. The device includes a power switch, a charging power supply, a current limiting protection resistor, an energy storage capacitor and a high-voltage electric pulse switch connected in sequence. The energy storage capacitor is connected with an end of a gas gap switch, an other end of the gas gap switch is connected with an assembled self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure through a high-voltage cable, and the electrode structure is fixed through an assembly rod. The self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure includes a self-sealing water bag and an electrode structure capable of focusing shock wave energy, and the number of the self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure depends on fracturing effect.

Claims

1. An electric-pulse fracturing device for hard roof of coal mine based on a self-sealing water bag, comprising: a power switch, a charging power supply, a current limiting protection resistor, an energy storage capacitor and a high-voltage electric pulse switch connected in sequence, wherein the energy storage capacitor is connected with an end of a gas gap switch; wherein an other end of the gas gap switch is connected with an assembled self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure through a high-voltage cable, and the assembled self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure is fixed through an assembly rod and connected with the high-voltage cable; wherein the self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure comprises a self-sealing water bag and an electrode structure capable of focusing shock wave energy; wherein when a fracturing effect of a single electrode structure in a single hole fails to meet a requirement, a plurality of water-filled self-sealing water bags and a plurality of assembled self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structures are alternately fixed on the assembly rod.

2. The electric-pulse fracturing device for hard roof of coal mine based on the self-sealing water bag according to claim 1, wherein: the assembly rod has a main body of a hollow high-strength steel pipe; the high-voltage cable connecting a discharge electrode and a grounding electrode passes through the assembly rod to protect the high-voltage cable from being damaged during electric pulse discharge; a top end of the assembly rod is provided with a self-supporting fixing bracket for extending into a bottom of a fracturing hole; and the assembled self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure is fixed at an appropriate position on the assembly rod, ensuring that the assembled self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure corresponds to an optimal electrode depth in a fracturing design when the assembly rod extends into the fracturing hole.

3. The electric-pulse fracturing device for hard roof of coal mine based on the self-sealing water bag according to claim 1, wherein: the self-sealing water bag comprises a water bag body and a sealing structure, and a main body of the water bag is elongate and cylindrical after water injection; in order to ensure that the assembled water bag is smoothly sent to a designated position in the fracturing hole, a diameter of the water bag is 2-4 mm smaller than a diameter of the fracturing hole drilled by a coal mine underground drilling rig, and the diameter of the water bag is adjustable according to a model of the underground drilling rig and a drilling diameter in a production process; a sealing device mainly refers to a self-sealing water bag water inlet at an upper end of the water bag body; the water inlet is made of hard polyethylene, and an outer wall of the water inlet is in a conventional thread shape, and a matching nut is self-fastened and sealed; and an inner wall of the water inlet is provided with a water inlet embedded groove guide rail, and a bottom of the water inlet is provided with a self-sealing embedded groove for embedding a disc protruding from a middle of an electrode shell.

4. The electric-pulse fracturing device for hard roof of coal mine based on the self-sealing water bag according to claim 1, wherein: the self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure is embedded in a self-sealing embedded groove of a water inlet of the self-sealing water bag to focus the shock wave energy, and the electrode structure capable of focusing the shock wave energy comprises a high-voltage electrode, a grounding electrode, a polypropylene insulating sleeve, a matching rubber gasket, an electrode shell, and a polypropylene insulating sleeve fixing nut; the self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure is assembled by the electrode structure and the self-sealing water bag; after the water bag is filled with a conductive liquid, the assembled electrode structure is inserted into the water bag through the self-sealing water bag water inlet; a disc protruding from a middle of the electrode shell is provided with two electrode shell positioning sliders at two ends along a radial direction; the positioning sliders insert an assembled electrode structure into the water bag along a water inlet embedded groove guide rail; when the electrode structure slides into a bottom of the water inlet, the electrode structure is rotated; and the disc protruding from the middle of the electrode shell is embedded into a self-sealing embedded groove of the water inlet, and a rubber gasket on a lower end face of the disc protruding from the middle of the electrode shell ensures tightness of the electrode shell of the electrode structure and the water bag, so as to prevent the conductive liquid in the water bag from leaking.

5. The electric-pulse fracturing device for hard roof of coal mine based on the self-sealing water bag according to claim 4, wherein the electrode structure capable of focusing the shock wave energy is as follows: the high-voltage electrode is arranged in the polypropylene insulating sleeve, and the polypropylene insulating sleeve and the electrode shell are firmly connected through a polypropylene fixing disc and a step groove on an upper end of the electrode shell, and a polypropylene insulating sleeve is arranged between the high-voltage electrode and the electrode shell to play an insulating protection role; and a polypropylene insulating sleeve rubber gasket is sleeved at a contact position of a polypropylene insulating sleeve and the electrode shell to strengthen a fastening between a polypropylene sleeve ring and the electrode shell and ensure tightness, and prevent water in the water bag from invading an upper part of the electrode when a tip of a discharge electrode is immersed in the water; the electrode shell is a high-strength steel hollow circular tube, and an inner wall of a top end of the electrode shell is provided with a step groove for embedding and fixing a polypropylene fixing disc at a middle-upper part the polypropylene insulating sleeve, and an outer wall of the top end of the electrode shell is provided with an external thread for connecting a polypropylene insulating sleeve fixing nut; a diameter of the disc protruding from the middle of the electrode shell is equal to an inner diameter of the self-sealing water bag water inlet so as to fix the electrode with the embedded groove at the bottom of the water inlet of the water bag and realizing sealing of the water bag, and a bottom surface of the disc is slotted for placing the rubber gasket to seal a water bag inlet, and two small circular-arc protrusions serving as the positioning sliders of the electrode shell at two ends along the radial direction; a lower part of the electrode shell is provided with two opposite rounded rectangular windows, and a discharge space at the tip of the discharge electrode is exposed to realize energy focusing at a moment of discharge; a cross-sectional dimension of each of the rounded rectangular windows is 2 mm10 mm, 3 mm10 mm or 4 mm10 mm; the high-voltage electrode is arranged in the polypropylene insulating sleeve, a thread upper end of the high-voltage electrode used for connecting the high-voltage cable and the discharge electrode at an other end extends out of the polypropylene insulating sleeve by 2-4 mm; the grounding electrode is embedded and fixed through a lower end face of the electrode shell, and the high-voltage electrode and the discharge electrode are oppositely arranged along an axis in the rectangular windows of the electrode shell, and a distance between the grounding electrode and the high-voltage electrode is adjustable through the thread, and the distance between the grounding electrode and the high-voltage electrode is set at 1 mm-10 mm; and when underground fracturing needs to enhance a degree of rock fragmentation, the electrode structure is controlled in a shock wave direction and focused in energy by adjusting and replacing electrodes with different spacing and hollow hole sizes and by replacing and screening according to an actual underground construction.

6. An electric-pulse fracturing method for hard roof of coal mine based on a self-sealing water bag using the electric-pulse fracturing device for hard roof of coal mine based on the self-sealing water bag according to claim 1, when in use, comprising: connecting the charging power supply, the energy storage capacitor, the current limiting protection resistor, the power switch, the high-voltage electric pulse switch, the gas gap switch and the self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure through the high-voltage cable, completing a construction preparation work of a high-voltage electric pulse workstation, and then connecting the high-voltage cable which passes through the assembly rod in the high-voltage electric pulse workstation; putting the assembled and connected self-sealing water bag electric pulse electrode structure into the fracturing hole in cooperation with the assembly rod, fixing the assembled electrode structure into the fracturing hole only by means of a self-supporting fixing bracket at an end of the assembly rod; turning on the power switch, observing a voltage value of the charging power supply after all the preparation work is completed, determining a charging voltage according to an actual situation; when a predetermined voltage value is reached, turning off the power switch and turning on the high-voltage electric pulse switch to discharge, wherein at a moment of discharge, a tip of the discharge electrode is pulsed in the water, and a formed plasma channel penetrates two poles of the electrode and expands continuously, and a bubble pulsation phenomenon is generated, under a joint action of two phenomena, a shock wave is formed, and a high-energy shock wave instantly breaks the water bag; and uniformly and losslessly transferring energy to surrounding rock by the water shock wave propagating in the water, achieving a purpose of fracturing.

7. The electric-pulse fracturing method for hard roof of coal mine based on the self-sealing water bag according to claim 6, comprising: S1, arranging the high-voltage electric pulse workstation in a proper position underground, and transporting the high-voltage cable, the energy storage capacitor, the current limiting protection resistor, the power switch, the high-voltage electric pulse switch and the gas gap switch to the underground proper position, and assembling and connecting equipment in the underground high-voltage electric pulse workstation; S2, according to a fracturing design drawing, not newly equipping drilling equipment, and drilling a fracturing hole with a specified depth at a position delineated in the drawing by using an existing mining drilling rig; S3, completing an assembly work of a high-voltage electric pulse electrode on a ground, putting the high-voltage electrode arranged in a polypropylene insulating sleeve into an electrode shell, wherein a polypropylene fixing disc protruding from a middle-upper part of the polypropylene insulating sleeve is embedded in a step groove on an upper end of the electrode shell; fixing the high-voltage electrode in the electrode shell to prevent the high-voltage electrode from shaking radially, wherein a polypropylene insulating sleeve rubber gasket at a contact position between the high-voltage electrode and the electrode shell ensures connection tightness and prevents the water from invading an upper wiring position of the discharge electrode when the electrode is in the water; fastening the high-voltage electrode penetrated into the electrode shell via a polypropylene insulating sleeve fixing nut through an external thread of a first cylinder at an upper end of the electrode shell, connecting the polypropylene insulating sleeve fixing nut and the high-voltage electrode into a whole to prevent the polypropylene insulating sleeve from slipping and shaking along an axial direction of the electrode shell; screwing in the grounding electrode through an internal thread at a bottom of the electrode shell, and oppositely arranging the grounding electrode and the discharge electrode along an axis in a hollow hole of the electrode shell, and adjusting a distance between the grounding electrode and the discharge electrode by adjusting a screwing length of the grounding electrode, and then fixing the grounding electrode at the bottom of the electrode shell with a grounding electrode fixing nut after the grounding electrode is adjusted to an optimal position; S4, after the electrode structure is assembled, assembling the electrode structure and the self-sealing water bag; after the water bag is filled with a conductive liquid, inserting the assembled electrode structure into a water bag body by electrode shell positioning sliders at two ends along the radial direction of the disc protruding from a middle of the electrode shell through a water inlet along a water inlet embedded groove guide rail; when the disc protruding from the middle of the electrode shell slides into the bottom of the water inlet, rotating the electrode structure, embedding two circular-arc protrusions of the disc protruding from the middle of the electrode shell into the self-sealing embedded groove of the electrode fixing disc, wherein the rubber gasket at a bottom surface of the disc in the middle of the electrode shell ensures the tightness of the electrode structure shell and the water bag, and prevents the conductive liquid in the water bag from leaking; then, tightening a self-locking structure nut outside the water inlet to strengthen integrity of the water inlet and the electrode structure; S5, when a water bag filled with an ionic solution is selected in the S4, completing an assembly work on a well in the S4; when an unfilled liquid water bag is selected, completing the S4 underground, taking materials nearby, and carrying out the assembly work of the S4 after mine water is filled underground; S6, transporting the electrode and the water bag assembled in the S4 to a fracturing working face, connecting the high-voltage cable to the thread upper end of the high-voltage electrode, connecting a grounding cable at the disc protruding from the middle of the electrode shell, and connecting a whole electric pulse equipment system to complete the preparation work before the electric pulse discharge; S7, fixing the assembled self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure on the assembly rod at a position corresponding to the optimal electrode depth in the fracturing design; after the high-voltage cable is connected, and after an assembled structure of the assembled self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure and the assembly rod extends into the drilled fracturing hole, propping the self-supporting fixing bracket at the end of assembly rod up to fix the assembled structure in the drilled fracturing hole, so as to prevent the assembled structure from slipping down; when a fracturing effect of a single electrode in the fracturing hole is not good, fixing the plurality of water-filled self-sealing water bags and the plurality of assembled self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structures on the assembly rod at intervals, ensuring that one self-sealing water bag without electrodes is filled between each two electrode structures, thus realizing phased hole sealing between electrodes; S8, turning on the power switch, observing the voltage value of the charging power supply after all the preparation work is completed, and determining the charging voltage according to the actual situation; when the predetermined voltage value is reached, turning off the power switch and turning on the high-voltage electric pulse switch to discharge, wherein at the moment of discharge, the tip of the discharge electrode is pulsed in the water, and the formed plasma channel penetrates the two poles of the electrode and expands continuously, and the bubble pulsation phenomenon is generated, under the joint action of the two phenomena, a shock wave is formed, and a high-energy shock wave instantly breaks the water bag; uniformly and losslessly transferring energy to the surrounding rock by a water shock wave propagating in the water, achieving the purpose of fracturing; and S9, after the discharge, disassembling the assembly rod, and peeping and observing the fracturing effect by a drilling hole; when the fracturing effect is not ideal, repeating above steps S1-S8 circularly.

8. The electric-pulse fracturing method for hard roof of coal mine based on the self-sealing water bag according to claim 7, wherein after production of the water bag is completed, a fracturing fluid required by a underground blasting effect of the coal mine is pre-filled in a factory, and the fracturing fluid comprises one of tap water, mine water or NaCl solution, CaCl.sub.2) solution and AlCl.sub.3 solution, and after the solution is filled, the water inlet is sealed by a matching cover.

9. The electric-pulse fracturing method for hard roof of coal mine based on the self-sealing water bag according to claim 8, wherein a type and a concentration of the fracturing fluid are determined by conducting experiments in a laboratory according to differences of underground fractured strata, and a specific experimental process comprises: coring in the underground fractured strata, carrying out fracturing tests of rock samples in the laboratory, monitoring energy of different conductive liquids in a discharge process, and analyzing differences of solution types and concentrations on the fracturing effect of the rock samples so as to analyze a best conductive liquid used for rock breaking.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a self-sealing watr bag designed by the disclosure.

[0040] FIG. 2A is an exploded schematic view of a high-voltage electrode structure according to the disclosure;

[0041] FIG. 2B is a schematic view of a polypropylene insulating sleeve according to the disclosure;

[0042] FIG. 2C is a schematic view of a high-voltage electrode shell according to the disclosure;

[0043] FIG. 2D is a schematic view of a fixing nut according to the disclosure;

[0044] FIG. 3 is an assembled high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure.

[0045] FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an assembled high-voltage electric pulse electrode along a central axis.

[0046] FIG. 5 is the assembled high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure of the self-sealing water bag.

[0047] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a connected whole high-voltage electric pulse fracturing workstation.

[0048] FIG. 7 is a multi-electrode assembly structure after a matching assembly rod is assembled.

[0049] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of underground high-voltage electric pulse fracturing.

[0050] FIG. 9 is a flowchart of an electric-pulse fracturing method for hard roof of coal mine based on a self-sealing water bag according to the disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0051] The disclosure will be further illustrated by following embodiments, but not limited to the following embodiments.

Embodiment

[0052] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, a high-voltage electric-pulse fracturing device for hard roof of coal mine based on a self-sealing water bag includes a charging power supply 23, an energy storage capacitor 25, a current limiting protection resistor 24, a power switch 27, a high-voltage electric pulse switch 28 and a gas gap switch 26. When in use, all components are connected through a high-voltage cable 29 to complete an assembly of a high-voltage electric pulse fracturing equipment system. Correspondingly, auxiliary devices are provided, such as an assembly rod 30 which is matched with a self-sealing water bag electrode device. When in use, the high-voltage cable 29 is used to connect an assembled self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure, a thread upper end 6 of a high-voltage electrode and the gas gap switch 26 are connected through the high-voltage cable 29, and the high-voltage cable 29 passes through the hollow assembly rod 30.

[0053] The assembly rod 30 matched with the self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure designed by this disclosure has a main body of a hollow high-strength steel pipe. The high-voltage cable 29 connected to an electrode may pass through the assembly rod which protects the high-voltage cable 29 from being damaged during electric pulse discharge. A top end of the assembly rod 30 may extend into a bottom of a fracturing hole 35, so the assembled self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure may be fixed at an appropriate position on the assembly rod 30, corresponding to an optimal electrode depth in a fracturing design. When a fracturing effect of a single electrode in a single hole fails to meet a requirement, multiple water-filled self-sealing water bags 31 and multiple assembled self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structures 32 may be fixed on the assembly rod 30 at intervals.

[0054] After the high-voltage cable 29 is connected, an assembled structure of the assembled self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure 32 and the assembly rod 30 is inserted into a drilled fracturing hole 35, and a self-supporting fixed bracket 33 at the end of the assembly rod is supported to fix the assembled structure in the drilled fracturing hole 35 to prevent it from slipping.

[0055] The self-sealing water bag of the present disclosure includes a water bag body 4 and a sealing device. The water-filled self-sealing water bag 31 is elongate and cylindrical after water injection, and a diameter is 2-4 mm smaller than the fracturing hole 35 drilled by a drill in a coal mine underground. The water-filled self-sealing water bag 31 may be freely replaced in a factory according to mine production needs, so as to ensure that the assembled self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure 32 and the assembly rod 30 may be smoothly sent to a designated position in the drilled fracturing hole 35. The sealing device is mainly a self-sealing water bag water inlet 1 at an upper end of a bag body and is made of hard polyethylene and has a conventional thread shape outside, and a matching nut may be self-fastened and sealed. An inner wall of the self-sealing water bag water inlet 1 is provided with a water inlet embedded groove guide rail 2, and a bottom of the water inlet is provided with a water inlet self-sealing embedded groove 3.

[0056] After production of the water bag is completed, tap water or NaCl solutions with different concentrations, CaCl.sub.2) solutions with different concentrations, AlCl.sub.3 solutions with different concentrations, etc. required for an underground blasting effect of the coal mine may be pre-filled in a factory. After a solution is fully filled, the self-sealing water bag water inlet 1 is sealed by a matching cover. An optimal type and an optimal concentration of the solution may be determined by conducting experiments in a laboratory according to differences of underground fractured strata. Specific operations are as follows: cores are selected in an underground operating stratum, a fracturing test of rock samples is carried out in the laboratory, pulse energy generated by different conductive liquids is monitored in a discharge process, and differences of solution types and concentrations on the fracturing effect of the rock samples are analyzed, thereby a best conductive liquid is analyzed that may be used for rock breaking. Accordingly, the water bag may also be directly transported to the underground after the production is completed, and local materials are taken before an underground application, and the mine water is selected as the conductive liquid.

[0057] The high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure used in this disclosure is as follows: an electrode shell 12 is a high-strength steel hollow circular tube, and a polypropylene insulating sleeve 8 covering the electrode passes through the electrode shell 12. The electrode shell 12 includes three cylinders with different outer diameters. An upper end of the electrode shell 12 is provided with an external thread 21 at the upper end of the electrode shell for fixing the polypropylene insulating sleeve 8 in cooperation with a polypropylene insulating sleeve fixing nut 9, and a step groove 20 is provided in an interior to fit a polypropylene fixing disc 19 at a middle-upper part of the polypropylene insulating sleeve tube for fixing a high-voltage electrode. A middle second cylinder is a disc 10 protruding from middle of the electrode shell, which is a thin disc with a diameter twice that of a third cylinder. The disc 10 protruding from the middle of the electrode shell 12 is provided with two electrode shell positioning sliders 5 at two ends along a radial direction used to cooperate with the water inlet embedded groove guide rail 2 of the water bag to be embedded into the water bag, and to be embedded into the water inlet self-sealing embedded groove 3 for sealing. A lower end face of the disc 10 protruding from the middle of the electrode shell is slotted and provided with a rubber gasket groove 11 for placing a rubber gasket. An outer side of the lower third cylinder of the electrode shell 12 has a smooth structure, and an internal thread 22 is provided at a lower end of the electrode shell at a center of the bottom for fixing a grounding electrode 15.

[0058] The high-voltage electrode is arranged in the polypropylene insulating sleeve 8, and the high-voltage electrode protrudes from one end of the polypropylene insulating sleeve 8 by 2-4 mm, and this extending part is called a discharge electrode 13, and a diameter of the extending part is 2-4 mm, and a tip is chamfered by 45. An other end of the electrode extends out of the polypropylene insulating sleeve, and an M8-sized thread is laid on an extending part and is called a thread upper end 6 of a high-voltage electrode for connecting the high-voltage cable 29 for electrification.

[0059] The high-voltage electrode arranged in the polypropylene insulating sleeve 8 is embedded in the step groove 20 at the upper end of the fixed electrode shell through the polypropylene fixing disc 19 and a polypropylene insulating sleeve rubber gasket 18 in the middle of the polypropylene insulating sleeve 8, and then fixed in the electrode shell 12 through a combination of the polypropylene insulating sleeve fixing nut 9 and the external thread 21 at the upper end of the electrode shell. The polypropylene insulating sleeve 8 is mainly used for insulation protection. The polypropylene fixing disc 19 at the upper part of the polypropylene insulating sleeve 8 may be perfectly embedded into the step groove 20 on the upper end of the electrode shell, and with the polypropylene insulating sleeve fixing nut 9, so as to fix the high-voltage electrode, thereby preventing the high-voltage electrode from shaking axially and radially in the electrode shell 12. The polypropylene insulating sleeve rubber gasket 18 between the polypropylene fixing disc 19 and the step groove 20 at the upper end of the electrode shell may strengthen fixation of the electrode, and meanwhile ensure tightness of the structure to prevent the water from invading the upper part of the electrode when the electrode is in the water.

[0060] A lower part of the third cylinder of the electrode shell 12 is provided with two opposite rectangular windows 14 of the electrode shell used to expose the discharge electrode 13 and the ground electrode 15. The ground electrode 15 and that discharge electrode 13 are required to be between the rectangular windows 14 of the electrode shell, in which a cross-sectional size of a hollow hole is 3 mm10 mm, so as to realize shock wave energy focusing of the electrode structure.

[0061] In the electrode shell 12, the grounding electrode 15 is screwed in through the internal thread 22 at the lower end of the electrode shell, and fixed at the bottom of the electrode shell by a grounding electrode fixing nut 16. In the electrode shell 12, the grounding electrode 15 and the discharge electrode 13 are oppositely arranged along an axis in the hollow hole of the electrode shell. A distance between the grounding electrode 15 and the discharge electrode 13 may be adjusted by adjusting a screwing length of the internal thread 22 at the lower end of the electrode shell, so as to realize adjustments of the discharge energy and a rock breaking effect. The distance between the two electrodes may be 1 mm to 5 mm for testing.

[0062] A shock wave generated by the grounding electrode 15 and the discharge electrode 13 is a key to rock breaking, and a discharge channel is determined by the distance between the two electrodes. During a research, an impact on a high-voltage electric pulse breakdown time and a shock wave wavefront time may be achieved by changing the distance between the two electrodes, resulting in different pulse action times, which in turn affects the fracturing effect. Before underground hard roof fracturing, electrical pulse monitoring and analysis are carried out in the laboratory, so a quantitative relationship between electrode spacing, released energy and rock breaking effect is obtained (a best quantitative relationship is obtained through an experimental test), and a best electrode distance suitable for the underground hard roof fracturing is obtained.

[0063] Assembly of the assembled self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure 32, the electrode structure and the self-sealing water bag is as follows. After the water bag is filled with the conductive liquid, the assembled electrode structure is inserted into the water bag through the self-sealing water bag water inlet 1. The disc 10 protruding from the middle of the electrode shell has two electrode shell positioning sliders at two ends along the radial direction, and the positioning sliders may insert the assembled electrode structure into the water bag along the water inlet embedded groove guide rail 2. When the electrode structure slides into the bottom of the water inlet, the electrode structure is rotated, so that the disc 10 protruding from the middle of the electrode shell may be embedded into the water inlet self-sealing embedded groove 3, and the rubber gasket protruding from the lower end face of the disc protruding from the middle of the electrode shell may ensure tightness of the electrode structure shell and the water bag, and prevent the conductive liquid in the water bag from leaking. Then, a self-locking structure nut outside the water inlet is tightened to strengthen integrity of the water inlet and the electrode structure.

[0064] As shown in FIG. 9, the disclosure also provides a mining high-voltage electric pulse hard roof fracturing method based on the self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure designed by the disclosure, specifically including following steps.

[0065] S1, a high-voltage electric pulse workstation 36 is arranged in a underground proper position, and the high-voltage cable 29, the energy storage capacitor 25, the current limiting protection resistor 24, the power switch 27, the high-voltage electric pulse switch 28, the gas gap switch 26 and the like are transported to the underground proper position, and the equipment is assembled and connected in the underground high-voltage electric pulse workstation 36.

[0066] S2, according to a fracturing design drawing, there is no need to equip the drilling equipment, and the fracturing hole 35 is drilled with a specified depth at a position delineated in the drawing by using an existing mining drilling rig.

[0067] S3, the electrode structure and the self-sealing water bag are combined after completing an assembly of the high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure on a ground. The assembled electrode penetrates into the water bag body 4 from the self-sealing water bag water inlet 1, and the electrode shell positioning sliders at two ends along the radial direction of the disc 10 protruding from the middle of the electrode shell may penetrate into the water inlet 1 along the water inlet embedded groove guide rail 2. When the disc 10 protruding from the middle of the electrode shell penetrates into the water inlet self-sealing embedded groove 3 at the bottom of the water inlet, the disc 10 protruding from the middle of the electrode shell rotates counterclockwise, and the disc 10 protruding from the middle of the electrode shell is rotationally embedded and locked in the water inlet self-sealing embedded groove 3, thus playing a sealing role with the rubber gasket in the rubber gasket groove 11 at the lower end face of the disc 10 protruding from the middle of the electrode shell to achieve a design purpose of self-sealing. As shown in FIG. 5.

[0068] S4, when a water bag filled with an ionic solution in advance is selected for the water bag body 4 in the S3, an assembly work in the S3 is completed on the ground. When an unfilled liquid water bag is selected, the S3 is completed underground, materials are taken nearby, and the assembly work of the S3 is carried out after the mine water is filled underground.

[0069] S5, the assembled self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure 32 in the S3 is transported to a working face, the thread upper end 6 of the high-voltage electrode is connected with the gas gap switch 26 through the high-voltage cable 29, and the grounding electrode 15 is grounded. The high-voltage cable 29 passes through the hollow assembly rod 30 device and is connected to an electric pulse equipment system of the whole high-voltage electric pulse workstation 36 to complete a preparation work before electric pulse discharge.

[0070] S6, the assembled self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure 32 is simply fixed at the appropriate position on the assembly rod 30 to correspond to the optimal electrode depth in the fracturing design. As shown in FIG. 8, a hard stratum is thick, and the fracturing effect of the single electrode in the single fracturing hole 35 is average. Multiple water-filled self-sealing water bags 31 (without electrodes) and multiple assembled self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structures 32 are fixed on the assembly rod 30 at intervals, so as to ensure that each self-sealing water bag 31 (without electrodes) is filled between each two assembled self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structures. After the high-voltage cable 29 is connected, the assembled self-sealing water bag high-voltage electric pulse electrode structure 32 and the assembly rod 30 is inserted into the drilled fracturing hole 35, and the self-supporting fixing bracket 33 at the end of the assembly rod is propped up to fix the assembled structure in the drilled fracturing hole 35 to prevent the assembled structure from slipping down.

[0071] S7, after all the preparation work is completed, the power switch 27 is turned on, a voltage value of the charging power supply 23 is observed, and the charging voltage (5 kV to 10 kV) is determined according to an actual situation. When a predetermined voltage value is reached, the power switch 27 is turned off and the high-voltage electric pulse switch 28 is turned on to discharge. After the discharge, a residual voltage is leaked. At a moment of discharge, the discharge electrode 13 and the grounding electrode 15 are pulsed in the water, and a formed plasma channel penetrates two poles of the electrode and expands continuously, and at the same time, a bubble pulsation phenomenon is generated. Under a joint action of the two phenomena, a directional shock wave is formed, and a high-energy shock wave instantly breaks the water bag. A water shock wave propagating in the water uniformly and losslessly transfers energy to a surrounding rock around the fracturing hole 35, thereby achieving a purpose of fracturing.

[0072] S8, after the discharge, the assembly rod 30 is removed, and the fracturing effect is peeped and observed by means of drilling hole. When the fracturing effect is not ideal, the above steps S1-S7 are circularly repeated.