High-pressure roller press

Abstract

A high-pressure roller press has a press frame, fixed and movable compression rollers rotatable about respective roller axes in the press frame, each having axially opposite roller ends in turn having end faces, and together forming a compaction zone with a roller gap vertically level with the roller axes and having a gap width that is variable during operation of the roller press. Two end plates axially flank the compaction zone at the roller ends, are mounted on the press frame so as to be movable, and are prestressed to shift axially outward away from the respective roller end faces against a prestress force during operation of the roller press. Respective single end rollers rotatable about respective end-roller axes axially delimit the roller gap and are mounted on the end plates vertically level with the roller gap.

Claims

1. A high-pressure roller press comprising a press frame; compression rollers rotatable about respective roller axes in the press frame, each having axially opposite roller ends each in turn having an end face and together forming a compaction zone with a roller gap vertically level with the roller axes and having a gap width that is variable during operation of the roller press; two end plates axially flanking the compaction zone at the roller ends, the end plates being mounted on the press frame so as to be movable and being prestressed to shift axially outward away from the respective roller end faces against a prestress force during operation of the roller press; single end rollers rotatable about respective end-roller axes on the end faces to axially delimit the roller gap and mounted on the end plates vertically level with the roller gap, the end plates each having an opening through which the respective end roller passes into or below particle-guide pockets formed between inner faces of the end plates and the end faces of the compression rollers; and means for feeding a material to be pressed to the particle-guide pockets.

2. The roller press according to claim 1, wherein the inner faces of the end plates confront the respective end faces of the compression rollers and form therewith a respective particle-guide pocket set with respect to the inner face of the respective end plate above the respective end roller fastened thereto so that the respective end roller can be engaged from above by the material in the particle-guide pocket.

3. The roller press according to claim 2, wherein the means is formed by respective guides feeding the material to the particle-guide pockets.

4. The roller press according to claim 2, wherein the particle-guide pockets are each funnel-shaped in side view with a width tapering downward.

5. The roller press according to claim 4, wherein the particle-guide pockets are each of downwardly decreasing depth parallel to the axes of the compression rollers.

6. The roller press according to claim 1, wherein an upper apex of each of the end rollers is above the roller axes or a lower apex of each of the end roller is below the roller axes.

7. The roller press according to claim 1, wherein an upper apex of each of the end rollers is within the compaction zone or a lower apex of each of the end rollers is below the compaction zone.

8. The roller press according to claim 1, wherein the axes of the end rollers are vertically level with the roller axes of the compression rollers.

9. The roller press according to claim 1, wherein a diameter of each of the end rollers is at least 5% of a diameter of each of the compression rollers.

10. The roller press according to claim 1, wherein a diameter of each of the end rollers is at least 50 mm.

11. The roller press according to claim 1, wherein the width of each of the end rollers is 1% to 10% of a diameter of each of the compression rollers.

12. The roller press according to claim 1, wherein a width of each of the end rollers is at least 50 mm.

13. The roller press according to claim 1, wherein each of the end rollers has a profiled or structured outer surface.

14. The roller press according to claim 1, further comprising: wear armor on an outer surface of each of the end rollers.

15. The roller press according to claim 1, wherein each of the end rollers is rotated about its axis by the compression rollers and is pressed against the respective end faces of the rollers by the respective end plate.

16. The roller press according to claim 1, further comprising: drives rotating the end rollers.

17. A high-pressure roller press comprising: a press frame; compression rollers rotatable about respective roller axes in the press frame, each having axially opposite roller ends in turn having end faces, and together forming a compaction zone with a roller gap vertically level with the roller axes and having a gap width that is variable during operation of the roller press; two end plates axially flanking the compaction zone at the roller ends, the end plates being mounted on the press frame so as to be movable and being prestressed to shift axially outward away from the roller end faces against a prestress force during operation of the roller press, the end plates each having an inner face confronting the respective end face and forming therewith a respective particle-guide pocket set back with respect to the inner face of the respective end plate above the respective end roller fastened thereto so that the respective end roller can be engaged from above by material via the particle-guide pocket; respective single end rollers rotatable about respective end-roller axes to axially delimit the roller gap and mounted on the end plates vertically level with the roller gap; and respective seal plates on the end plates extending parallel to the respective inner faces and partially covering the particle-guide pocket on the front face.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

(1) The invention is explained below with reference to drawings that, however, only show one embodiment of the invention. Therein:

(2) FIG. 1 is a greatly simplified schematic vertical section through both rollers of a roller press,

(3) FIG. 2 is a vertical section through the roller gap of a roller press according to the invention in a more detailed view,

(4) FIG. 3 is a top view of the structure shown in FIG. 2,

(5) FIG. 4 shows an end plate according to the invention in a perspective view from the inside and

(6) FIG. 5 is the end plate according to FIG. 4 in a perspective view from the outside.

SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(7) The drawing shows a high-pressure press 1 serving as a particle-bed compaction mill or crusher. It has a press frame 2 as well as two compression rollers 3 and 4 rotated in the directions of the arrows and mounted in the press frame 2. A compaction zone 5 with a roller gap S is formed vertically level with the roller axes X, X between the compression rollers 3 and 4 and has a gap width W that is variable during operation of the roller press 1. This is because one of the compression rollers is a fixed roller 3 and the other is a compression roller 4 movable by a for example hydraulic actuator relative to the fixed roller 3 (in a horizontal plane), so that the gap width W of the roller gap S changes within certain limits during operation. The minimum roller gap S or the gap width W of the gap is preset until a certain pressure acts between the rollers. The roller axes X, X are in a common horizontal plane and are oriented parallel to one another in a starting position (at zero gap). During operation, however, the movable roller 4 can tilt relative to the fixed roller 3 about a vertical axis and consequently in a horizontal plane, so that the roller axes X, X are always at the same level and consequently in a horizontal plane during operation but can be oriented within this plane at a certain angle to one another.

(8) The material is fed from above via a supply chute (not shown in more detail), is drawn into the compaction zone by the counter-rotation of the rollers, and is comminuted (or compacted) there under the action of the existing grinding pressure. The compaction zone 5 between the rollers is delimited at roller end faces by end plates 8 set laterally next to end faces of the compression rollers 3, 4 that are also referred to in practice as filling-funnel end plates or cheek plates. These end plates 8 are movably fastened to the press frame 2, specifically with prestress, for example bear by springs 9 with force axially on the respective roller end faces 6. During operation, the end plates 8 are urged axially outward against the spring force, for example at B back against the force of the springs 9. This is essential because in such a roller press the already mentioned oblique position of the rollers 3 and 4 relative to one another is intentionally permitted.

(9) A single respective end roller 10 is mounted on each of the two end plates 8 vertically level with the roller gap S and consequently vertically level with the roller axes X, X to serve as a transport roller mounted rotatably about its roller axis Y and to laterally delimit the roller gap S. In addition, each of the two end plates 8 has an inner face 11 directed toward the respective roller end face 6 and oriented parallel to the roller end face 6. In this embodiment, a particle-guide pocket 12 that extends outward from the previously defined inner face 11 is formed in the respective end plate 8 above the end roller 10 fastened thereto, so that the end roller 10 can be acted upon from above by material in the particle-guide pocket 12. Consequently, the particle-guide pocket 12 has a face 13 set back with respect to the inner face 11 and spaced at least in regions from the inner face and in this embodiment is arcuately shaped both vertically according to FIG. 2 and horizontally according to FIG. 3. In the preferred embodiment shown, this particle-guide pocket 12 is thus funnel-shaped in a side view or in a perspective view from the inside (according to FIG. 4), i.e. it has a downwardly tapering width B. In addition, the particle-guide pocket has a downwardly decreasing depth T (compare FIG. 2). This configuration leads to the material being fed via the particle-guide pockets 12 from above axially into the region of the two transport rollers 10 laterally flanking the roller gap S. In the axial end, outer regions of the rollers 3, 4, produce an excess of material via the particle-guide pockets 12. The recessed rear wall 13 of the particle-guide pocket 12 transfers the effect of friction inhibiting flow of the material outward from the roll gap, so that the material on the compression-roller end faces is better fed and better drawn in and simultaneously friction is reduced in the high-pressure region 5 and at the same time is spread out along the compression zone.

(10) It can also be seen in FIG. 2 that an upper apex 10a of the end roller 10 is above the roller axis X or X. A lower apex 10b of the end roller 10 is below the roller axis X or X. In the illustrated embodiment according to FIG. 1, the upper apex 10a is within the compaction zone 5, while the lower apex 10b is below the compaction zone 5. According to FIG. 1 the compaction zone of the roller press extends between the two rollers 10 over a circumferential angle an of 5 to +15 with respect to a connecting line through the roller axes X, X. Consequently, the compaction zone 5 by definition extends between +15 above the roller axis and 5 below the roller axis X, X. In this case, the roller axis Y of the rollers 10 lies for example approximately at the level of the roller axes X, X of the compression rollers 3, 4.

(11) In any case, a width E of the rollers 10 is greater than the maximum gap width W and consequently greater than the zero gap of the roller gap S plus at least the distance by which the roller gap spreads to during the machine operation. Width E or roller width means the axial width, that is to say the width of the working outer surface of the rollers.

(12) The outer surface 7 of the compression rollers 3, 4 is generally provided with a special surface finish, for example with a wear-resistant coating or jacket, in such a compaction roller. Details are not shown in the drawing. In preferred embodiments, the outer surface 14 of the rollers 10 can also be provided with a wear-resistant coating. The outer surfaces 14 of the rollers 10 can consequently have a wear-resistant design or have a wear armor. In the case of this wear armor of the rollers 10, it is possible to resort to known measures for wear armoring the roller surfaces. Thus for example a plurality of bolts can be integrated in a knob-like manner into the outer surface (stud lining). Alternatively, wear armor may be realized from a plurality of tile-like wear elements attached to the surface. In addition, wear resistance is considered by a built-up weld. The roller itself is always preferably made of steel and the wear armor is on the outer surface of this roller from a hard, wear-resistant material. Optionally or additionally, the outer surface 14 of the rollers can be equipped with a profiling or structuring. Details are not shown. Moreover, there is the possibility that the rollers 10 are each driven by a drive. Such a drive is not shown in the figures. Furthermore, gap formations for guiding the material onto the end roller 10 can be integrated in the particle-guide pockets 12, although such guide installations are also not shown. However, FIG. 4 shows in a simplified manner that the end plates 8 can each be provided with one or more additional sealing plates 17 that extend for example parallel to the inner face 11 or in the inner face 11 and partially cover the particle-guide pocket 12 on the front side. In this way, the feed of the material can be controlled in the region of the end roller 10 and in the region of the high-compaction zone 5.

(13) Finally, FIGS. 4 and 5 show that the end plates 8 each have an opening 15 through which the end roller 10 rotatable on the outer face of the end plate 8 passes, specifically into a region below the particle-guide pocket 12. The rollers 10 are consequently mounted on the outer face of the end plates 8 so as to be rotatable about an axis Y.

(14) The end roller 10 or the cylindrical body thereof is thus in a pocket-like recess 12 of the end plate that is set back of the particle-guide pocket 12, i.e. the funnel-shaped particle-guide pocket 12 opens into the indentation 12 or into the recess 15 for the end roller 10 on the underside, and the end roller 10 or the body thereof engages through the opening 15.

(15) Moreover, it is optionally also possible to equip the end plates, e.g. their inner face 11 and the particle-guide pockets 12, with wear armor. The end plates can be made of steel for example and wear armor can be on the respective surfaces.