Wear member and wear assembly

Abstract

A wear member for earth working equipment and a wear assembly including a plurality of such wear members. The wear member defines a longitudinal axis and comprises: a body defining a rearward opening cavity dimensioned to receive a base; first and second lateral portions extending from opposing sides of the body and defining a front edge for engaging earth. The first lateral portion defines a complementary formation to the second lateral formation to enable axial insertion and removal of a wear member mounted between adjacent wear members due to the open removal path defined by the complementary formations. The complementary formations also resist rotational movement of the wear member about the longitudinal axis.

Claims

1. A wear member for mounting to a lip plate of a bucket, the wear member defining a longitudinal axis along a centerline extending in the direction of advancement of the earth working equipment, the wear member comprising: a body having: a rearwardly opening cavity dimensioned to receive a nose extending forward of the lip plate; first and second lateral portions extending from opposing sides of the body and, the first and second lateral portions defining a front edge for engaging earth and side edges extending between the lip plate and the front edge, the first lateral portion defining a first complementary formation and the second lateral portion defining a second complementary formation, wherein the first and second complementary formations engage opposing complementary formations on adjacent identical wear members to (i) enable axial insertion and removal of the wear member mounted between the adjacent wear members on the bucket and (ii) resist rotational movement of the wear member about the longitudinal axis; and a lip mount including a pair of rearward extending portions disposed on opposing lateral sides of the body aligned with a rear surface of the body and being dimensioned to engage on an upper and lower surface of a lip plate on an excavating bucket to provide further resistance to rotational movement of the wear member about the longitudinal axis.

2. A wear member according to claim 1, wherein each of the pair of rearward extending portions comprises a pair of arms dimensioned and configured to engage with the lip plate.

3. A wear member according to claim 1, wherein the complementary formations on the first and second lateral portions comprise offset planar surfaces.

4. A wear member according to claim 3, wherein the planar surfaces are offset in a direction transverse to a plane extending through one of the first and second lateral portions.

5. A wear member according to claim 4, wherein the planar surfaces have substantially the same lateral width and extend forwards of the body.

6. A wear member according to claim 1, wherein the front edge provides a continuous edge substantially free from gaps.

7. A wear member according to claim 1, further comprising a third lateral portion located beneath the second lateral portion, the second and third lateral portions defining an insertion gap therebetween, and the first lateral portion further comprises an insertion portion defined by the first complementary formation that is received in the gap of one of the adjacent wear members.

8. A wear member according to claim 7, wherein the third lateral portion extends for substantially the same lateral width as the second lateral portion but only extends part-way along the length of the second lateral portion.

9. A wear member according to claim 8, wherein the third lateral portion is located closer to a rear of the wear member than to the front edge.

10. A wear member according to claim 8, wherein the third lateral portion and the complementary formations of the first and second lateral portions include planar surfaces that are generally aligned.

11. A wear member according to claim 1, further comprising a coupling surface defined by the first lateral portion; and an arm upstanding from the second lateral portion in a transverse direction to the longitudinal axis and extending from the front edge towards the body, the arm defining an inner face opposite the body and inclined thereto to guide earth towards the body.

12. A wear member according to claim 11, further comprising a lip mount including a pair of rearward extending portions disposed on opposing lateral sides of the body and being dimensioned to engage on an upper and lower surface of a lip plate on an excavating bucket to provide further resistance to rotational movement of the wear member about the longitudinal axis.

13. A wear member according to claim 12, wherein each of the pair of rearward extending portions comprises a pair of arms dimensioned and configured to engage with the lip plate.

14. A wear member according to claim 11, wherein the first lateral portion is on a left side of the body and the coupling surface is defined on a lower surface of the first lateral portion, and the wear member further comprises a third lateral portion located beneath the first lateral portion, and defining an upper surface, the first and third lateral portions defining an insertion gap therebetween.

15. A wear member according to claim 11, wherein the first lateral portion is on a right side of the body and the coupling surface is defined on an upper surface of the first lateral portion for insertion into an insertion gap by movement along the longitudinal axis.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is an upper perspective view of a wear assembly.

(2) FIG. 2 is an upper perspective view of part of the wear assembly of FIG. 1, namely a wear member.

(3) FIG. 3 is a side view of the wear member of FIG. 2.

(4) FIG. 4 is a side view of the wear member of FIG. 2, viewed from the opposite side to that shown in FIG. 3.

(5) FIG. 5 is a rear view of the wear member of FIG. 2.

(6) FIG. 6 is a front view of part of the wear assembly of FIG. 1 illustrating a left corner wear member adjacent the wear member of FIGS. 2 to 5.

(7) FIG. 7 is a top view of a central part of the wear assembly of FIG. 1.

(8) FIG. 8 is a cross section view of a portion of the wear assembly of FIG. 1.

(9) FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a partial cross section portion of the wear assembly of FIG. 1 from a first side.

(10) FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a partial cross section portion of the wear assembly of FIG. 1 from a second side opposite the first side of FIG. 9.

(11) FIG. 11 is a top view of a left corner wear member from the wear assembly of FIG. 1.

(12) FIG. 12 is a top view of a right corner wear member from the wear assembly of FIG. 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF DISCLOSED EMBODIMENTS

(13) Wear members are applied to many kinds of earth working equipment to extend the service life of the equipment. The present invention is related to wear members secured along the digging edge of a bucket, their assemblies, and methods for installing and removing wear members on such edges.

(14) Referring now to the Figures, FIG. 1 shows a wear assembly 12 including wear members 10, where the wear assembly 12 is designed to be attached to earth working equipment. In the illustrated example, the wear member 10 is a point or tooth. The wear assembly 12 includes a profiled lip 9 onto which the teeth 10 are attached. The profiled lip 9 comprises a lip plate 8 attached to an edge (not shown) of an earthmoving bucket (not shown) and adapters 8A welded to the lip plate 8. Each adapter 8A defines a nose 8B (best seen in FIG. 8) extending therefrom and protruding beyond the lip plate 8. The adapters 8A could alternatively be secured by mechanical means such as a Whisler (trade mark) wedge and clamp, or the noses 8B could be formed as part of the lip plate 8. The lip plate 8 can have a variety of different designs but preferably has a linear leading surface. The profiled lip 9 has a direction of advance during operation of the earth working equipment (e.g., a digging operation).

(15) Tooth 10 of wear assembly 12 includes a working portion 32 (best seen in FIGS. 2 and 3) tapering to a narrowed front working edge 16 and a mounting portion 34 (best seen in FIGS. 2 and 3) that includes a rearward opening cavity 14 that receives a nose 8B extending forward of the lip plate 8. The mounting portion 34 includes a lip mount comprising one or more rearwardly extending legs 24 and 26 on one or each side of cavity 14. In this embodiment each leg 24, 26 straddles (above and below) the lip plate 8 thereby providing stabilization for the tooth 10 and resisting rotational forces on the tooth 10.

(16) Cavity 14 is defined by top, bottom and side walls that form a central body 28 of the tooth 10. The tooth body 28 preferably includes an opening 28A that receives a lock 30 to releasably secure the tooth 10 to the lip 9 (via the adapter 8A). Cavity 14 and opening 28A could have a shape selected from a number of different shapes to suit the kind of fit, stabilization, locking, etc. that is desired for a particular application of the tooth 10. In the illustrated embodiment, the cavity 14, opening 28A and lock 30 received into opening 28A are as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,882,649, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. Each tooth 10 has a longitudinal axis 36 that is defined by a centerline extending generally in the direction of advancement of the lip 9 during operation of the earth working equipment.

(17) During use, the tooth 10 contacts the earth or other material during the excavation process to protect the lip 9, ease penetration and/or gather material in the bucket. The front edges 16 of the teeth 10 when installed on the lip 9 can collectively align to form a generally continuous linear edge that can be used for leveling or flattening earth or digging smooth walled and/or floored holes or other digging operations. This wider configuration of each tooth 10 to form a generally continuous edge can generate increased risks of the tooth 10 bending or turning (i.e., generally about axis 36) during digging. The above-mentioned legs 24, 26 on both sides of the lip plate 8 help resist such turning. Tooth 10 includes a first lateral portion or wing 18 that extends away laterally from body 28 and a second lateral portion or wing 20 that extends away laterally on the opposite side from body 28. Each lateral portion 18, 20 extends for most of the length of the tooth 10 from the working portion 32 to the mounting portion 34, but in other embodiments they may have gaps or extend only partially along the length. Wings 18, 20 overlap with the wings (20, 18 respectively) on adjacent teeth 10 to ensure a generally continuous edge without significant gaps and/or provide support against turning of the teeth about axis 36. The lateral portions 18, 20 decrease in thickness, e.g., in a step fashion, as they extend laterally from the body 28. Each lateral portion 18, 20 defines an edge 18A and 20A from which a tongue 18B, 20B extends. Opposite surfaces of the tongues 18B, 20B provide complementary formations to each other, so that tongues 18B, 20B from adjacent teeth 10 slidingly engage in an overlapping relationship with corresponding tongues 20B, 18B respectively of the adjacent teeth 10, thereby providing a partial overlap of the lateral portions 18, 20.

(18) The lateral portions 18, 20 extend laterally to peripheries or edges that are parallel on opposite sides and perpendicular to the linear leading edge to form a generally rectangular shape but could alternatively have non-parallel and/or non-linear side edges. In this embodiment, the lateral portions 18, 20 comprise generally planar surfaces that have a small slope, as shown in FIG. 5. An upper surface of the first lateral portion 18 has a downward slope (two degrees) away from the body 28; whereas, a lower surface of the second lateral portion 20 has a similar but upward slope (two degrees) away from the body 28.

(19) The lateral portions 18, 20 can be at staggered positions (or vertically offset). One lateral portion 20 can extend on a plane above the longitudinal axis 36 and the opposite lateral portion 18 can extend on a plane below the longitudinal axis 36. The tooth 10 can include an optional, additional (third) laterally extending portion or wing 22 extending laterally from body 28 below and spaced from wing 20. Lower lateral portion 22 can be narrower than the upper lateral portion 20 extending forward and back only a limited distance. This construction is preferred to reduce the removal force when impacted earthen fines are present, and to reduce the distance for complete disengagement, but other arrangements are possible. Wing 22 can provide additional resistance to turning of the tooth about axis 36; i.e., the upper and lower lateral portions 20 and 22 form an opening (an insertion gap) that accepts the lateral portion 18 (an insertion portion) of an adjacent tooth 10 to stabilize the tooth 10 from rotation about the nose 8B. Other or additional overlaps could be provided.

(20) While a linear leading edge for the assembly 12 is illustrated, other configurations can be provided. The leading edges of the assembly 12 can form a continuous linear leading edge angled to the longitudinal axis 36, a curved edge, a staggered edge, or linear edge portions that meet at an angle where the lateral portions overlap with adjacent wear member lateral portions.

(21) In the illustrated embodiment, the first and second lateral portions 18 and 20 each includes a planar face 18B and 20B substantially parallel to a plane through the longitudinal axis 36 that bears on the corresponding planar face of the adjacent tooth 10, but non-parallel surfaces are possible. Some wear members (or corner teeth) 40, 44 are provided as corner members.

(22) In particular, left corner tooth 40 includes only the first lateral portion 18; and the right corner tooth 44 includes only the second lateral portion 20.

(23) Each corner tooth 40, 44 can include both lateral portions, if desired. In general, each corner tooth 40, 44 can have one of the lateral extensions included on teeth 10. In the illustrated embodiment, the corner tooth 40 includes leg 26 and wing 18, and corner tooth 44 includes leg 24 and wings 20, 22. Alternatively, teeth 10 could be used on the ends and form the corner teeth as well as the medial teeth. Also, alternatively, other configurations of corner tooth could be used.

(24) In the illustrated embodiment, tongue 18B is a continuous extension of the bottom surface of the wing 18, while tongue 20B is a continuous extension of the top surface of the wing 20. However, different configurations may be selected, such as tongue 20B being along the bottom and tongue 18B along the top, both tongues 18B, 20B being along the top surface or both along the bottom surface (in which case the adjacent teeth would have the opposite configuration), or having a tongue and groove arrangement (e.g., wing 18 could have a central orientation and wing 20 could be formed by two spaced apart lateral extensions to receive tongue 18B of the adjacent tooth).

(25) In the illustrated embodiment, left corner tooth 40 (see particularly FIGS. 1 and 11) includes a body 28 with rear cavity 14 and lock opening 28A, rearward extending legs 26 to straddle the lip plate 8, working edge 16 and lateral portion 18 similar to lateral portion 18. The corner teeth 40, 44 of the wear assembly 12 typically experience increased wear as compared to the medial teeth 10 and the exposed square corner can become rounded. Left corner member 40 includes a thickened outer edge or upright arm 42 with an inner face 42A to form an edge wall. The edge wall can optionally curve inward and/or be inclined inward extending rearward from working edge 16. The inward curve of face 42A can guide collected material inward toward the center of the bucket. Alternatively, the horizontal thickness of the outer edge can increase, diverging as it extends rearward to guide collected material toward the center of the lip 9 during operation. The increased thickness of the wear member outer edges (or arms) 42 provides additional material at a high wear area of the assembly 12, increases the life of the corner wear member 40 and/or guides earth material into the bucket during use.

(26) Right corner tooth 44 (see particularly FIGS. 1 and 12) includes a rearward opening cavity 14, rearward extending legs 24 to straddle the lip plate 8, a thickened edge or upright guide 46 (preferably a mirror image of edge (or arm) 46 on corner member 40) to resist wear with an inner face 46A. Right corner member 44 can include an upper lateral portion 20 on the edge with a lower lateral portion 22 similar to previously described teeth 10.

(27) The working edge 16 engaging earthen materials generates forces on the supporting surfaces of the teeth 10, 40, 44. The additional width of the teeth 10, 40, 44 provided by the lateral portions 18, 20 generates strong torque forces on the teeth 10, 40, 44 during operation. Assembling the teeth 10, 40, 44 to the digging edge of the bucket, the lateral portions 18, 20 of each tooth 10 overlap with lateral portions 20, 18 respectively, of adjacent teeth 10. Lateral portion 18 can be received in the gap between lateral portion 20 and 22 of the adjacent tooth 10 to provide support to the adjacent lateral portion 20, 22.

(28) The rearwardly extending legs 24 and 26 bear on the lip plate 8. These bearing surfaces at the side of the teeth 10 and the rear of the teeth 10 as well as the bearing surfaces in cavity 14 bearing on the nose 8B stabilize the teeth 10 and resist torque, vertical and/or axial forces generated by digging operations.

(29) The wings 18, 20, 22 and legs 24, 26 as well as possibly other portions of teeth 10, 40, 44 are interlocked with each other and/or the lip plate 8 for support in resisting the various digging forces likely to be encountered during use and/or forming the continuous edge. The teeth also preferably form open removal paths for each of the overlapping portions 18, 20, 22, 24, 26 to move forwardly independently of the adjacent teeth to permit individual replacement of each tooth 10, 40, 44. Conventionally, teeth forming continuous edges have been overlapped for support in ways that require removal of adjacent teeth when replacement of a tooth is needed. Whereas in the illustrated embodiment, wing 18 can slide forward relative to wings 20, 22 with which it overlaps on the adjacent tooth, and wings 20, 22 can slide forward relative to the wing 18 with which it overlaps. The adjacent teeth also do not block the forward movement of legs 24, 26 straddling lip plate 8. In the illustrated embodiment, the removal path for each tooth 10, 40, 44 is along a linear path but in other embodiments, the removal path could have a non-linear path; as one example, the removal path could be curved.

(30) With the tooth seated on the nose 8B of adapter 8A (which is received in cavity 14), lock 30 can be inserted into opening 28A. The lock 30 can be a hammerless lock, if preferred, but that is not required.

(31) These embodiments are described herein in the context of a wear assembly for one kind of bucket. It should be understood that this is merely one example of the disclosed subject matter and is not meant to be limiting. Wear members in accordance with the present invention may have other constructions for use on a wide variety of buckets including, for example, buckets for hydraulic excavators, loaders, cable shovels, face shovels, etc., or for use on other products. Relative terms such as top, bottom, forward, rearward, left and right are used herein for ease of discussion and are not intended to be limiting.

(32) With reference to the drawings, this specification describes particular embodiments and their detailed construction and operation. The embodiments described are set forth by way of illustration only and not limitation. The described features, structures, characteristics, and methods of operation may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In view of the disclosure herein, those skilled in the art will recognize that the various embodiments can be practiced without one or more of the specific details or with other methods, components, materials, or the like. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or methods of operation are not shown or not described in detail to avoid obscuring more pertinent aspects of the embodiments. It is intended that subject matter disclosed in any one portion herein can be combined with the subject matter of one or more other portions herein as long as such combinations are not mutually exclusive or inoperable. In addition, many variations, enhancements and modifications of the concepts described herein are possible. Those skilled in the art will recognize that many variations can be made to the details of the above-described embodiments without departing from the underlying principles of the invention; for example, in other embodiments, the lateral portions 18, 20 may be mounted lower down or further up on the body 28 than described above or illustrated on the drawings.