Method for rapid on-site detection of fentanyl analogs using a miniature mass spectrometer

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for rapid on-site detection of fentanyl analogs using a miniature mass spectrometer, comprising the following steps: (1) selecting a spotting plate; (2) loading a sample: depositing the sample and 3-nitrobenzonitrile solution in acetonitrile on the spotting plate to form a crystalline mixture; (3) carrying out analysis and detection: setting the parameters of the miniature mass spectrometer, placing the crystalline mixture on the spotting plate in close proximity to the inlet of the miniature mass spectrometer, and facilitating the ionization of the crystalline mixture for the analysis and detection of fentanyl analogs. The method for rapid on-site detection of fentanyl analogs using a miniature mass spectrometer provided by the present invention requires no extraction solvent, no voltage, no laser, no gas, and the method is simple, rapid, and suitable for rapid on-site detection of fentanyl analogs.

Claims

1. A method for rapid on-site detection of fentanyl analogs using a miniature mass spectrometer, comprising the following steps: (1) selecting a spotting plate; (2) loading a sample: depositing the sample and 3-nitrobenzonitrile solution in acetonitrile on the spotting plate to form a crystalline mixture; (3) carrying out analysis and detection: setting the parameters of the miniature mass spectrometer, placing the crystalline mixture on the spotting plate in close proximity to the inlet of the miniature mass spectrometer, and facilitating the ionization of the crystalline mixture for the analysis and detection of fentanyl analogs; wherein the sample comprises powder, blood, and sweat; there are 49 kinds of fentanyl analogs, and the analysis parameters of the miniature mass spectrometer and LODs in step (3) are as shown in Table 1; TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 1 The analysis parameters of the miniature mass spectrometer and limits of detection(LODs) for the 49 fentanyl analogs Ionization Fentanyl analogs mode m/z RF/kHz AC/kHz CID-AC/kHz CID-AC/Vpp LOD/(g/kg) fentanyl positive 337 150-800 5-46 47 220 20 para-flufentanyl positive 355 150-880 5-42 43 220 20 meta-flufentanyl positive 355 150-860 5-43 44 220 20 ortho-flufentanyl positive 355 150-860 5-42 43 210 20 N-phenyl-N-[1-[2-(2-thienyl)ethyl]- positive 343 150-840 5-44 45 220 50 4-piperidyl]propanamide acetylfentanyl positive 323 150-780 5-45 46 210 50 N-(2-fluorophenyl)-N-(1- positive 341 150-820 5-44 45 215 20 phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)acetamide N-(3-fluorophenyl)-N-(1- positive 341 150-820 5-44 45 220 20 phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)acetamide N-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-[1-(2- positive 341 150-820 5-44 45 220 20 phenylethyl)-4-piperidinyl]- acetamide butyrfentanyl positive 351 150-830 5-43 44 235 50 isobutyryl fentanyl positive 351 150-840 5-42 43 222 50 4-fluorobutyrfentanyl positive 369 150-900 5-40 41 225 50 meta-fluorobutyryl fentanyl positive 369 150-880 5-40 41 220 50 N-(2-fluorophenyl)-N-(1- positive 369 150-880 5-40 41 220 50 phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)butyramide para-fluoroisobutyrfentanyl positive 369 150-880 5-40 41 220 50 cis-3-methylfentanyl positive 351 150-850 5-43 44 223 50 trans-3-methylfentanyl positive 351 150-850 5-43 44 221 50 alpha-methylfentanyl positive 351 150-850 5-43 44 220 50 N-[1-[1-methyl-2-(2-thienyl)ethyl]-4- positive 357 150-870 5-42 43 217 100 piperidyl]-N-phenylpropanamide cis-3-methylthiofentanyl positive 357 150-880 5-42 43 215 100 2-methoxy-N-phenyl-N-[1-(2- positive 353 150-840 5-43 44 210 20 phenylethyl)-4-piperidinyl]- acetamide para-methoxy acetyl fentanyl positive 353 150-840 5-42 43 220 20 N-(2-fluorophenyl)-N-(1- positive 353 150-820 5-43 44 215 20 phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)acrylamide N-[1-(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)-4- positive 353 150-840 5-42 43 220 200 piperidyl]-N-phenylpropanamide norfentanyl positive 232 150-600 5-67 68 180 50 acrylfentanyl positive 335 150-820 5-44 45 220 50 methyl-4-(N-phenylpropionamido)- positive 395 150-930 5-36 37 200 100 1-phenethylpiperidine-4-carboxylate furanylfentanyl positive 375 150-920 5-40 41 205 50 valerylfentanyl positive 365 150-900 5-40 41 225 50 ocfentanil positive 371 150-880 5-40 41 215 50 remifentanil positive 377 150-940 5-39 40 180 200 sufentanyl positive 387 150-950 5-37 38 190 100 alfentanil positive 417 150-1000 5-34 35 200 200 N-phenyl-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4- positive 379 150-940 5-38 39 205 50 yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxamide heptanoyl fentanyl positive 394 150-920 5-36 37 225 50 phenyl fentanyl positive 385 150-950 5-38 39 210 20 hexanoyl fentanyl positive 380 150-940 5-38 39 230 50 N-phenyl-N-(1-(2-(thiophen-2- positive 329 150-800 5-45 46 215 100 yl)ethyl)piperidin-4-yl)acetamide N-(1-(2-hydroxy-2-(thiophen-2- positive 359 150-890 5-41 42 213 200 yl)ethyl)piperidin-4-yl)-N- phenylpropanamide meta-fluoro methoxyacetyl fentanyl positive 371 150-890 5-40 41 200 50 acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl positive 337 150-800 5-44 45 226 20 para-methoxy methoxyacetyl positive 383 150-910 5-38 39 210 50 fentanyl beta-hydroxy-3-methylfentanyl positive 367 150-900 5-40 41 225 50 para-methoxy acryl fentanyl positive 365 150-900 5-40 41 220 50 para-methoxy tetrahydrofuran positive 409 150-920 5-35 36 210 20 cyclopentyl fentanyl positive 378 150-890 5-39 40 210 50 thiophene fentanyl positive 392 150-920 5-37 38 210 50 1-phenethyl-4-piperidone positive 204 150-500 5-76 77 220 20 1-phenethyl-N-phenylpiperidin-4- positive 281 150-670 5-55 56 230 20 amine wherein the spotting plate is a triangular paper substrate.

2. The method for rapid on-site detection of fentanyl analogs using a miniature mass spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein: step (2) specifically comprises the following steps: transferring 1-3 L of liquid sample or 1-3 g of powder sample to the spotting plate, depositing 5-10 L of the 3-nitrobenzonitrile solution in acetonitrile at a concentration of 100 g/L on the sample, and exposing to air for 10-30 seconds to form a crystalline mixture.

3. The method for rapid on-site detection of fentanyl analogs using a miniature mass spectrometer according to claim 2, wherein: in step (3), the crystalline mixture on the spotting plate was placed in close proximity to the inlet of the miniature mass spectrometer for 1-5 seconds, and the crystalline mixture was expected to produce charged particles upon sublimation due to the intrinsic vacuum at the inlet aperture of the miniature mass spectrometer.

4. The method for rapid on-site detection of fentanyl analogs using a miniature mass spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein: the base and height of the triangular paper substrate are 1 cm and 1.5 cm, respectively.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) Additional objectives, functions, and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the description of embodiments which follow, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

(2) FIG. 1 is the schematic diagram of the selection of an optimal spotting plate according to the present invention;

(3) FIG. 2 is the MS/MS spectrum of fentanyl;

(4) FIG. 3 is the MS/MS spectrum of para-flufentanyl;

(5) FIG. 4 is the MS/MS spectrum of meta-flufentanyl;

(6) FIG. 5 is the MS/MS spectrum of ortho-flufentanyl;

(7) FIG. 6 is the MS/MS spectrum of N-phenyl-N-[1-[2-(2-thienyl)ethyl]-4-piperidyl]propanamide;

(8) FIG. 7 is the MS/MS spectrum of acetylfentanyl;

(9) FIG. 8 is the MS/MS spectrum of N-(2-fluorophenyl)-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)acetamide;

(10) FIG. 9 is the MS/MS spectrum of N-(3-fluorophenyl)-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)acetamide;

(11) FIG. 10 is the MS/MS spectrum of N-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidinyl]-acetamide;

(12) FIG. 11 is the MS/MS spectrum of butyrfentanyl;

(13) FIG. 12 is the MS/MS spectrum of isobutyryl fentanyl;

(14) FIG. 13 is the MS/MS spectrum of 4-fluorobutyrfentanyl;

(15) FIG. 14 is the MS/MS spectrum of meta-Fluorobutyryl fentanyl;

(16) FIG. 15 is the MS/MS spectrum of N-(2-fluorophenyl)-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)butyramide;

(17) FIG. 16 is the MS/MS spectrum of para-fluoroisobutyrfentanyl;

(18) FIG. 17 is the MS/MS spectrum of cis-3-Methylfentanyl;

(19) FIG. 18 is the MS/MS spectrum of trans-3-methylfentanyl;

(20) FIG. 19 is the MS/MS spectrum of alpha-methylfentanyl;

(21) FIG. 20 is the MS/MS spectrum of N[1-[1-Methyl-2-(2-thienyl)ethyl]-4-piperidyl]-N-phenylpropanamide;

(22) FIG. 21 is the MS/MS spectrum of cis-3-methylthiofentanyl;

(23) FIG. 22 is the MS/MS spectrum of 2-methoxy-N-phenyl-N[1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidinyl]-acetamide;

(24) FIG. 23 is the MS/MS spectrum ofpara-methoxy acetyl fentanyl;

(25) FIG. 24 is the MS/MS spectrum of N-(2-fluorophenyl)-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)acrylamide;

(26) FIG. 25 is the MS/MS spectrum of N[1-(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidyl]-N-phenylpropanamide;

(27) FIG. 26 is the MS/MS spectrum of norfentanyl;

(28) FIG. 27 is the MS/MS spectrum of acrylfentanyl;

(29) FIG. 28 is the MS/MS spectrum of methyl-4-(N-phenylpropionamido)-1-phenethylpiperidine-4-carboxylate;

(30) FIG. 29 is the MS/MS spectrum of furanylfentanyl;

(31) FIG. 30 is the MS/MS spectrum of valerylfentanyl;

(32) FIG. 31 is the MS/MS spectrum of ocfentanil;

(33) FIG. 32 is the MS/MS spectrum of remifentanil;

(34) FIG. 33 is the MS/MS spectrum of sufentanyl;

(35) FIG. 34 is the MS/MS spectrum of alfentanil;

(36) FIG. 35 is the MS/MS spectrum of N-phenyl-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxamide;

(37) FIG. 36 is the MS/MS spectrum of heptanoyl fentanyl;

(38) FIG. 37 is the MS/MS spectrum of phenyl fentanyl;

(39) FIG. 38 is the MS/MS spectrum of hexanoyl fentanyl;

(40) FIG. 39 is the MS/MS spectrum of N-phenyl-N-(1-(2-(thiophen-2-yl)ethyl)piperidin-4-yl)acetamide;

(41) FIG. 40 is the MS/MS spectrum of N-(1-(2-hydroxy-2-(thiophen-2-ypethyl)piperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylpropanamide;

(42) FIG. 41 is the MS/MS spectrum of meta-fluoro methoxyacetyl fentanyl;

(43) FIG. 42 is the MS/MS spectrum of acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl;

(44) FIG. 43 is the MS/MS spectrum ofpara-methoxy methoxyacetyl fentanyl;

(45) FIG. 44 is the MS/MS spectrum of beta-hydroxy-3-methylfentanyl;

(46) FIG. 45 is the MS/MS spectrum ofpara-methoxy acryl fentanyl;

(47) FIG. 46 is the MS/MS spectrum ofpara-methoxy tetrahydrofuran fentanyl;

(48) FIG. 47 is the MS/MS spectrum of cyclopentyl fentanyl;

(49) FIG. 48 is the MS/MS spectrum of thiophene fentanyl;

(50) FIG. 49 is the MS/MS spectrum of 1-phenethyl-4-piperidone;

(51) FIG. 50 is the MS/MS spectrum of 1-phenethyl-N-phenylpiperidin-4-amine.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

1. Apparatus and Materials

(52) Mini miniature mass spectrometer: PURSPEC Technologies (Beijing, China). 3-nitrobenzonitrile, CAS number 619-24-9, molecular formula C.sub.7H.sub.4N.sub.2O.sub.2, and average molecular weight 148.12 g/mol.

2. Analysis and Detection Method

(53) A method for rapid on-site detection of fentanyl analogs in suspicious powder or liquid samples using a miniature mass spectrometer includes the following steps: (1) selecting a spotting plate: choosing a triangular paper substrate as the spotting plate, with a base of 1 cm and a height of 1.5 cm; (2) loading a sample: loading 1-3 L of liquid sample (or 1-3 g of powder sample) to a tip of the triangular paper substrate, adding 5-10 L of the 3-nitrobenzonitrile solution in acetonitrile on the spotting plate, and exposing to air for 10-30 seconds to form a crystalline mixture of the sample and 3-nitrobenzonitrile; (3) carrying out analysis and detection: setting the parameters of the miniature mass spectrometer, placing the crystalline mixture on the spotting plate in close proximity to the inlet of the miniature mass spectrometer for 1-5 seconds, and facilitating the ionization of the crystalline mixture for the analysis and detection of fentanyl analogs.

(54) There are 49 kinds of fentanyl analogs, and analysis parameters of the miniature mass spectrometer and LODs are as shown in Table 1;

(55) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 1 The analysis parameters of the miniature mass spectrometer and limits of detection (LODs) for the 49 fentanyl analogs Ionization Fentanyl analogs mode m/z RF/kHz AC/kHz CID-AC/kHz CID-AC/Vpp LOD/(g/kg) fentanyl positive 337 150-800 5-46 47 220 20 para-flufentanyl positive 355 150-880 5-42 43 220 20 meta-flufentanyl positive 355 150-860 5-43 44 220 20 ortho-flufentanyl positive 355 150-860 5-42 43 210 20 N-phenyl-N-[1-[2-(2-thienyl)ethyl]- positive 343 150-840 5-44 45 220 50 4-piperidyl]propanamide acetylfentanyl positive 323 150-780 5-45 46 210 50 N-(2-fluorophenyl)-N-(1- positive 341 150-820 5-44 45 215 20 phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)acetamide N-(3-fluorophenyl)-N-(1- positive 341 150-820 5-44 45 220 20 phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)acetamide N-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-[1-(2- positive 341 150-820 5-44 45 220 20 phenylethyl)-4-piperidinyl]- acetamide butyrfentanyl positive 351 150-830 5-43 44 235 50 isobutyryl fentanyl positive 351 150-840 5-42 43 222 50 4-fluorobutyrfentanyl positive 369 150-900 5-40 41 225 50 meta-fluorobutyryl fentanyl positive 369 150-880 5-40 41 220 50 N-(2-fluorophenyl)-N-(1- positive 369 150-880 5-40 41 220 50 phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)butyramide para-fluoroisobutyrfentanyl positive 369 150-880 5-40 41 220 50 cis-3-methylfentanyl positive 351 150-850 5-43 44 223 50 trans-3-methylfentanyl positive 351 150-850 5-43 44 221 50 alpha-methylfentanyl positive 351 150-850 5-43 44 220 50 N-[1-[1-methyl-2-(2-thienyl)ethyl]-4- positive 357 150-870 5-42 43 217 100 piperidyl]-N-phenylpropanamide cis-3-methylthiofentanyl positive 357 150-880 5-42 43 215 100 2-methoxy-N-phenyl-N-[1-(2- positive 353 150-840 5-43 44 210 20 phenylethyl)-4-piperidinyl]- acetamide para-methoxy acetyl fentanyl positive 353 150-840 5-42 43 220 20 N-(2-fluorophenyl)-N-(1- positive 353 150-820 5-43 44 215 20 phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)acrylamide N-[1-(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)-4- positive 353 150-840 5-42 43 220 200 piperidyl]-N-phenylpropanamide norfentanyl positive 232 150-600 5-67 68 180 50 acrylfentanyl positive 335 150-820 5-44 45 220 50 methyl-4-(N-phenylpropionamido)- positive 395 150-930 5-36 37 200 100 1-phenethylpiperidine-4-carboxylate furanylfentanyl positive 375 150-920 5-40 41 205 50 valerylfentanyl positive 365 150-900 5-40 41 225 50 ocfentanil positive 371 150-880 5-40 41 215 50 remifentanil positive 377 150-940 5-39 40 180 200 sufentanyl positive 387 150-950 5-37 38 190 100 alfentanil positive 417 150-1000 5-34 35 200 200 N-phenyl-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4- positive 379 150-940 5-38 39 205 50 yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxamide heptanoyl fentanyl positive 394 150-920 5-36 37 225 50 phenyl fentanyl positive 385 150-950 5-38 39 210 20 hexanoyl fentanyl positive 380 150-940 5-38 39 230 50 N-phenyl-N-(1-(2-(thiophen-2- positive 329 150-800 5-45 46 215 100 yl)ethyl)piperidin-4-yl)acetamide N-(1-(2-hydroxy-2-(thiophen-2- positive 359 150-890 5-41 42 213 200 yl)ethyl)piperidin-4-yl)-N- phenylpropanamide meta-fluoro methoxyacetyl fentanyl positive 371 150-890 5-40 41 200 50 acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl positive 337 150-800 5-44 45 226 20 para-methoxy methoxyacetyl positive 383 150-910 5-38 39 210 50 fentanyl beta-hydroxy-3-methylfentanyl positive 367 150-900 5-40 41 225 50 para-methoxy acryl fentanyl positive 365 150-900 5-40 41 220 50 para-methoxy tetrahydrofuran positive 409 150-920 5-35 36 210 20 cyclopentyl fentanyl positive 378 150-890 5-39 40 210 50 thiophene fentanyl positive 392 150-920 5-37 38 210 50 1-phenethyl-4-piperidone positive 204 150-500 5-76 77 220 20 1-phenethyl-N-phenylpiperidin-4- positive 281 150-670 5-55 56 230 20 amine

(56) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 2 The information on the 49 fentanyl analogs Name molecular formula molecular weight fentanyl hydrochloride C.sub.22H.sub.28N.sub.2OHCl 372.94 para-fluorofentanyl hydrochloride C.sub.22H.sub.27FN.sub.2OHCl 390.93 meta-fluorofentanyl hydrochloride C.sub.22H.sub.27FN.sub.2OHCl 390.93 ortho-fluorofentanyl hydrochloride C.sub.22H.sub.27FN.sub.2OHCl 390.93 N-phenyl-N-[1-[2-(2-thienyl)ethyl]-4-piperidyl]propanamide C.sub.20H.sub.26N.sub.2OSHCl 378.96 hydrochloride acetyl fentanyl C.sub.21H.sub.26N.sub.2O 322.44 N-(2-fluorophenyl)-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)acetamide C.sub.21H.sub.25FN.sub.2OHCl 376.90 hydrochloride N-(3-fluorophenyl)-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)acetamide C.sub.21H.sub.25FN.sub.2OHCl 376.90 hydrochloride N-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidinyl]- C.sub.21H.sub.25FN.sub.2OHCl 376.90 acetamide, hydrochloride butyrfentanyl hydrochloride C.sub.23H.sub.30N.sub.2OHCl 386.96 isobutyryl fentanyl C.sub.23H.sub.30N.sub.2O 350.50 4-fluorobutyrfentanyl C.sub.23H.sub.29FN.sub.2O 368.49 meta-fluorobutyryl fentanyl hydrochloride C.sub.23H.sub.29FN.sub.2OHCl 404.95 N-(2-fluorophenyl)-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)butyramide C.sub.23H.sub.29FN.sub.2OHClH.sub.2O 422.97 hydrochloride hydrate p-fluoroisobutyrfentanyl C.sub.23H.sub.29FN.sub.2OHCl 404.95 cis-3-methylfentanyl hydrochloride C.sub.23H.sub.30N.sub.2OHCl 386.96 trans-3-methylfentanyl hydrochloride C.sub.23H.sub.30N.sub.2OHCl 386.96 alpha-methylfentanyl hydrochloride C.sub.23H.sub.30N.sub.2OHCl 386.96 N-[1-[1-methyl-2-(2-thienyl)ethyl]-4-piperidyl]-N-phenylpropanamide C.sub.21H.sub.28N.sub.2OSHCl 392.99 hydrochloride cis-3-methylthiofentanyl hydrochloride C.sub.21H.sub.28N.sub.2OSHCl 392.99 2-methoxy-N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidinyl]-acetamide C.sub.22H.sub.28N.sub.2O.sub.2HCl 388.94 hydrochloride para-methoxy Acetyl fentanyl hydrochloride hemihydrate C.sub.22H.sub.28N.sub.2O.sub.2HCl0.5H.sub.2O 397.94 N-(2-fluorophenyl)-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)acrylamide C.sub.22H.sub.25FN.sub.2OHCl 388.91 hydrochloride N-[1-(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidyl]-N-phenylpropanamide C.sub.22H.sub.28N.sub.2O.sub.2HCl 388.94 hydrochloride norfentanyl hydrochloride hydrate C.sub.14H.sub.20N.sub.2OHClH.sub.2O 286.80 acrylfentanyl C.sub.22H.sub.26N.sub.2O 334.46 methyl-4-(N-phenylpropionamido)-1-phenethylpiperidine-4- C.sub.24H.sub.30N.sub.2O.sub.3HCl 430.97 carboxylate hydrochloride furanylfentanyl C.sub.24H.sub.26N.sub.2O.sub.2 374.48 valerylfentanyl C.sub.24H.sub.32N.sub.2O 364.53 ocfentanil C.sub.22H.sub.27FN.sub.2O.sub.2 370.46 remifentanil hydrochloride C.sub.20H.sub.28N.sub.2O.sub.5HCl 412.91 sufentanyl C.sub.22H.sub.30N.sub.2O.sub.2S 386.55 alfentanil hydrochloride C.sub.21H.sub.32N.sub.6O.sub.3HCl 452.98 N-phenyl-N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxamide C.sub.24H.sub.30N.sub.2O.sub.2HCl0.5H.sub.2O 423.98 hydrochloride hemihydrate heptanoyl fentanyl hydrochloride C.sub.26H.sub.36N.sub.2OHCl 429.05 phenyl fentanyl hydrochloride C.sub.26H.sub.28N.sub.2OHCl 420.98 hexanoyl fentanyl hydrochloride C.sub.25H.sub.34N.sub.2OHCl 415.02 N-phenyl-N-(1-(2-(thiophen-2-yl)ethyl)piperidin-4-yl)acetamide C.sub.19H.sub.24N.sub.2OSHCl 364.93 hydrochloride N-(1-(2-hydroxy-2-(thiophen-2-yl)ethyl)piperidin-4-yl)-N- C.sub.20H.sub.26N.sub.2O.sub.2SHCl 394.96 phenylpropanamide hydrochloride meta-fluoro Methoxyacetyl fentanyl hydrochloride C.sub.22H.sub.27FN.sub.2O.sub.2HCl 406.93 acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl hydrochloride C.sub.22H.sub.28N.sub.2OHCl 372.94 para-methoxy methoxyacetyl fentanyl hydrochloride C.sub.23H.sub.30N.sub.2O.sub.3HCl 418.96 beta-hydroxy-3-methylfentanyl hydrochloride C.sub.23H.sub.30N.sub.2O.sub.2HCl 402.96 para-methoxy acryl fentanyl hydrochloride C.sub.23H.sub.28N.sub.2O.sub.2HCl 400.95 para-methoxy tetrahydrofuran fentanyl C.sub.25H.sub.32N.sub.2O.sub.3 408.54 cyclopentyl fentanyl hydrochloride C.sub.25H.sub.32N.sub.2OHCl 412.99 thiophene fentanyl hydrochloride C.sub.24H.sub.26N.sub.2OSHCl 427.00 1-phenethyl-4-piperidone C.sub.13H.sub.17NO 203.28 1-phenethyl-N-phenylpiperidin-4-amine dihydrochloride hydrate C.sub.19H.sub.24N.sub.2.sub.2HClH.sub.2O 371.35 Note: Part of the 49 fentanyl analogs exist in the form of hydrochloride or hydrated hydrochloride.

(57) A method for the detection of fentanyl in blood:

(58) The experimental protocols described in the following embodiments are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The reagents and materials can be obtained from commercial sources unless otherwise specified. The reference standards of fentanyl analogs were purchased from Shanghai Yuansi Biaowu Technology Co., Ltd.

Step 1: Preparation of Positive Sample

(59) A standard solution of the fentanyl was added to the artificial blood. Positive artificial blood sample was prepared by adding 10 L of the standard solution of fentanyl at a concentration of 100 g/L to 1 mL of artificial blood.

Step 2: Sample Deposition

(60) Aliquots of 2 L of positive sample were deposited onto the tip of the triangular paper substrate, 6 L of the 3-nitrobenzonitrile solution in acetonitrile at a concentration of 100 g/Lt (5 mg of 3-nitrobenzonitrile solid dissolved in 50 L acetonitrile) was deposited, and the mixture was allowed to expose to air for 30 seconds.

Step 3: Ambient Ionization

(61) The parameters of the miniature mass spectrometer were set according to the data in Table 1, and the crystalline mixture on the tip of the triangular paper substrate was placed in close proximity to the inlet of the miniature mass spectrometer for 3 seconds for analysis and detection. The mass spectrum is shown in FIG. 2.

(62) The invention optimizes the selection of the spotting plates. Under the same experimental conditions, a filter paper, a triangular paper substrate, a glass slide, an aluminum foil, a centrifuge tube cap or a cotton swab were investigated as different spotting plates. The signal intensities of the miniature mass spectrometer were compared. The experiments were conducted in 6 replicates for each kind of spotting plates, and the average results were compared. The data were normalized and compared, and the results were shown in FIG. 1. It can be seen from FIG. 1 that when the triangular paper substrate was selected as the spotting plate, the mass spectrometric signal was the most intensive, so the triangular paper substrate was selected as the optimal spotting plate.

(63) The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various variations and modifications made to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention are embraced in the protection scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.