Photovoltaic tile intended to be installed on passable exterior paving surfaces

Abstract

A photovoltaic tile intended to be installed on walkable exterior pavements, includes a photovoltaic laminate arranged on a matrix base. The photovoltaic laminate includes a plurality of photovoltaic cells. The photovoltaic tile further includes an upper stratum having, at least, a first layer of a laminated polymer material on the photovoltaic laminate. The first layer includes a coating of resin with additives of mixed hollow glass microspheres and with an additive of powder particles, thus enabling the necessary mechanical and slipping resistance of the photovoltaic tile for walkable pavements and further enabling it to be installed on the existing pavement in such a way that installation times and costs are reduced.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic tile intended to be installed on walkable exterior pavements, comprising: a photovoltaic laminate arranged on a matrix base, wherein said photovoltaic laminate comprises a plurality of photovoltaic cells, an upper stratum comprising at least a first layer of a laminated polymeric material on the photovoltaic laminate, wherein said first layer in turn comprises a coating of resin with additives of mixed hollow glass microspheres and with an additive of powder particles, wherein the additive of powder particles has a percentage of 1-10% by weight with respect to the resin and/or the additive of hollow glass microspheres has a percentage of 0.1-2% by weight with respect to the resin, and an inner chamber provided with a space defined between the matrix base and the photovoltaic laminate, wherein said inner chamber comprises a filling, the filling comprises: marbled gravel to increase heat transmission from the photovoltaic cells to the outside; and polyurethane foam.

2. The photovoltaic tile of claim 1, wherein the polymer material is a high-transparency thermoplastic polyurethane resin.

3. The photovoltaic tile of claim 1, wherein the additive of powder particles comprises transparent high-density polyethylene powder.

4. The photovoltaic tile of claim 1, wherein the additive of powder particles is a polyamide additive.

5. The photovoltaic tile of claim 1, wherein the upper stratum comprises a sealing layer provided with a two-component polyurethane-based resin.

6. The photovoltaic tile of claim 1, wherein the upper stratum comprises a polymeric material with infrared radiation reflective properties in at least one layer.

7. The photovoltaic tile of claim 1, wherein the matrix base comprises a perimeter frame and a plurality of ribs that define through grooves.

8. The photovoltaic tile of claim 1, further comprising a lower part attached to the ground and wherein the matrix base is embedded in said lower part.

9. The photovoltaic tile of claim 1, wherein the matrix base comprises a perimeter frame and a plurality of convex sections.

10. The photovoltaic tile of claim 9, wherein the matrix base is rigidly attached to the ground.

11. The photovoltaic tile of claim 1, wherein the matrix base comprises a perimeter frame and a plurality of through perimeter holes to the outside intended to house the interconnection wiring.

12. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, which comprises: an anchoring mechanism which in turn comprises rails equipped with threaded cylinders adapted to coincide with holes in a lower part which is anchored to the ground, and an upper frame configured to attach the lower part to said upper frame.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) As a complement to the present description, and for the purpose of helping to make the features of the invention more readily understandable, in accordance with a preferred practical exemplary embodiment thereof, said description is accompanied by a set of drawings constituting an integral part of the same, which by way of illustration and not limitation represent the following:

(2) FIG. 1 shows an exploded perspective view of the preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic tile showing the upper frame, the matrix base, the lower part and the upper stratum that comprises a thermoplastic polyurethane film with the coating of polyurethane resin with an additive of hollow glass microspheres and an additive of powder particles.

(3) FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a plurality of adjacent photovoltaic tiles according to the present invention, forming a walkable photovoltaic pavement.

(4) FIG. 3 shows a view of cross section A-A of FIG. 2, showing the filling, the photovoltaic laminate, the matrix base and the perimeter ramp.

(5) FIG. 4 shows a view of the cross section B-B of FIG. 2, showing the filling, the photovoltaic laminate, the matrix base and the intermediate flashing.

(6) FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of a second preferred embodiment, wherein the matrix base comprises a plurality of convex sections and wherein said matrix base is attached to the ground.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

(7) Next, a preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic tile (1) intended to be installed on exterior walkable pavements is described with the aid of FIGS. 1-4.

(8) FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of the photovoltaic tile (1) showing that it comprises a lower part (2) attached to the ground and embedded in a matrix base (3), wherein said matrix base (3) comprises a perimeter frame (11) and a plurality of ribs (10) that define grooves (14).

(9) A photovoltaic laminate (4) is placed on said matrix base (3) defining a lower chamber that comprises a filling (13) as seen in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4.

(10) In the preferred embodiment described, said filling (13) comprises polyurethane foam and/or marble gravel to increase the thermal transmission from the photovoltaic cells to the outside.

(11) Likewise, FIG. 1 shows a laminated upper stratum (5) laminated on the photovoltaic laminate (4) which in the described preferred embodiment comprises a first layer (17) of a thermoplastic polyurethane film, which is subsequently covered with a coating (18) comprising a two-component polyurethane resin (20).

(12) The first layer (17) of thermoplastic polyurethane film comprises in turn a coating (18) of two-component polyurethane resin (20) with hollow glass microspheres (9) mixed with an additive of powder particles (8) that in a preferred embodiment consists of transparent high-density polyethylene powder that is thicker than the hollow glass spheres (9).

(13) In the preferred embodiment, the upper stratum (5) comprises a polymeric material with infrared radiation reflective properties in one of its layers so as not to heat the photovoltaic laminate (4) unnecessarily.

(14) Likewise, FIG. 1 shows an upper frame (6) rigidly attached to the lower part (2) by means of an anchoring system (7) which in turn comprises rails equipped with threaded cylinders adapted to coincide with holes in the lower part (2) and in the upper frame (6) configured to attach said lower part (2) to the upper frame (6).

(15) As shown in FIG. 1, the lower part (2) is attached to the ground by means of plates that are rigidly coupled to said lower part (2) and screwed to the ground.

(16) FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a plurality of photovoltaic tiles (1) according to the present invention, forming a walkable photovoltaic pavement with considerable photovoltaic efficiency and simultaneously with mechanical resistance and sufficient roughness for pedestrian traffic and even light vehicles.

(17) The photovoltaic laminates (4) can be of the commercial type and dimensioned to be housed in the photovoltaic tiles (1) described above and connected in series/parallel depending on the surface of the walkable exterior pavement and the needs of the installation.

(18) FIG. 3 shows a view of cross section A-A of the preferred embodiment described by FIG. 2, showing that the inner chamber between the matrix base (3) and the lower part (2) is provided with a filling (13) which comprises polyurethane foam and marble gravel.

(19) FIG. 4 shows a view of cross section B-B of the preferred embodiment described by FIG. 2.

(20) FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment that does not have the lower part (2) and wherein the matrix base (3) is directly attached to the ground.

(21) More in particular, the preferred embodiment of FIG. 5 comprises a matrix base (3) with a configuration without through grooves and alternatively comprises a configuration equipped with a plurality of convex sections (15).