COMBUSTOR ASSEMBLY FOR A GAS TURBINE ENGINE
20250230931 ยท 2025-07-17
Assignee
Inventors
Cpc classification
F23R3/002
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F23R3/60
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
International classification
Abstract
A combustor assembly for a gas turbine engine includes a combustor shell extending along a shell axis. The combustor shell includes a shell wall extending around the shell axis and a meter panel connected to an upstream end of the shell wall. The shell wall and the meter panel together define a combustion space therebetween. The combustor assembly further includes: a tile disposed within the combustor shell and including a tile flange portion extending radially with respect to the shell axis; a heatshield connected to the meter panel and extending at least radially towards the tile; a fastener connecting the tile flange portion to the meter panel; and a compartment thermally shielded from the combustion space. Either the heatshield and the tile together form the compartment or the tile alone forms the compartment. The fastener is spaced apart from the combustion space and at least partially disposed within the compartment.
Claims
1. A combustor assembly for a gas turbine engine, the combustor assembly comprising: a combustor shell extending along a shell axis, the combustor shell comprising: a shell wall extending circumferentially around the shell axis, the shell wall comprising an upstream end and a downstream end opposite to the upstream end; and a meter panel connected to the upstream end of the shell wall and extending radially with respect to the shell axis, wherein the meter panel and the shell wall together define a combustion space therebetween; a tile disposed within and adjacent to the combustor shell, the tile comprising a tile flange portion disposed at an upstream end of the tile and extending radially with respect to the shell axis, wherein the tile flange portion is disposed adjacent to the meter panel; a heatshield connected to the meter panel radially inwards of the combustor shell and extending at least radially towards the tile; a fastener connecting the tile flange portion of the tile to the meter panel of the combustor shell, wherein the fastener extends along the shell axis; and a compartment thermally shielded from the combustion space; wherein either the heatshield and the tile together form the compartment; wherein the fastener is spaced apart from the combustion space; and wherein the fastener is at least partially disposed within the compartment.
2. The combustor assembly of claim 1, wherein the tile further comprises: an upstream part comprising the tile flange portion; a downstream part spaced apart from the upstream part and at least partially engaging the shell wall of the combustor shell; and a main part connecting the upstream part to the downstream part, wherein the main part is radially spaced apart from the shell wall with respect to the shell axis.
3. The combustor assembly of claim 2, wherein the upstream part further comprises: an intermediate portion connected to the tile flange portion and extending axially along the shell axis; and an oblique portion extending from the intermediate portion and obliquely inclined to the shell axis, wherein the oblique portion is connected to the main part.
4. The combustor assembly of claim 3, wherein the intermediate portion is disposed radially outwards of the main part with respect to the shell axis and at least partially engages the shell wall, and wherein the tile flange portion extends radially inwards from the intermediate portion with respect to the shell axis, such that the heatshield and the tile together form the compartment.
5. The combustor assembly of claim 4, wherein the heatshield comprises: a main body that is connected to the meter panel; and an arm that extends obliquely with respect to the shell axis from the main body towards the tile, wherein the arm has a free end opposite to the main body and disposed adjacent to the tile; wherein the main part of the tile comprises a compartment portion that is axially disposed between the intermediate portion of the tile and the free end of the arm with respect to the shell axis, and wherein the arm of the heatshield, the upstream part of the tile, and the compartment portion of the main part together form the compartment.
6. The combustor assembly of claim 4, wherein the fastener is at least partially disposed between the intermediate portion of the tile and the heatshield.
7. The combustor assembly of claim 4, wherein the meter panel further delimits the compartment.
8. The combustor assembly of claim 3, wherein the intermediate portion of the tile is disposed radially inwards of the main part with respect to the shell axis and radially spaced apart from the shell wall of the combustor shell, and wherein the tile flange portion extends radially outwards from the intermediate portion with respect to the shell axis, such that the tile forms the compartment.
9. The combustor assembly of claim 8, wherein the fastener is at least partially disposed between the intermediate portion of the tile and the shell wall of the combustor shell.
10. The combustor assembly of claim 8, wherein the shell wall further delimits the compartment.
11. The combustor assembly of claim 2, further comprising a bracket that is connected to the downstream end of the shell wall of the combustor shell, the bracket comprising a hook extending towards the tile along the shell axis, wherein the hook at least partially engages and supports the downstream part of the tile, such that the downstream part is at least partially disposed between the shell wall and the hook.
12. The combustor assembly of claim 1, wherein the shell wall further comprises a shell flange portion that extends radially inwards with respect to the shell axis and is at least partially disposed between the meter panel and the tile flange portion, and wherein the fastener further connects the shell flange portion to the meter panel, such that the fastener connects the meter panel, the tile, and the shell wall to each other.
13. The combustor assembly of claim 12, wherein the fastener comprises: a nut disposed adjacent to the tile flange portion opposite to the shell flange portion; and a bolt that is threadably connected to the nut, the bolt comprising: a head disposed adjacent to the meter panel opposite to the compartment; and a shaft connected to the head and extending towards the compartment, the shaft extending at least partially through each of the tile flange portion, the shell flange portion, and the meter panel, the shaft comprising an exposed portion that is threadably connected to the nut and extends axially from the tile flange portion along the shell axis; wherein the nut and the exposed portion of the shaft are fully disposed within the compartment.
14. The combustor assembly of claim 13, wherein the nut is connected to the tile flange portion.
15. The combustor assembly of claim 1, further comprising an aerodynamic dome that is disposed upstream of the meter panel, wherein the fastener further connects the aerodynamic dome to the meter panel.
16. The combustor assembly of claim 1, wherein the meter panel comprises a plurality of panel apertures that are in fluid communication with the heatshield.
17. The combustor assembly of claim 1, wherein the shell wall of the combustor shell comprises a plurality of wall apertures that are in fluid communication with the tile.
18. A combustor for a gas turbine engine, the combustor including the combustor assembly of claim 1.
19. A gas turbine engine including the combustor assembly of claim 1.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0048] Embodiments will now be described by way of example only, with reference to the Figures, in which:
[0049]
[0050]
[0051]
[0052]
[0053]
[0054]
[0055] The following table lists the reference numerals used in the drawings:
TABLE-US-00001 Ref no. Feature 9 Principal rotational Axis 10 Gas turbine engine 11 Engine core 12 Air intake 14 Low pressure compressor 15 High pressure compressor 16 Combustion equipment 17 High pressure turbine 18 Bypass exhaust nozzle 19 Low pressure turbine 20 Core exhaust nozzle 21 Nacelle 22 Bypass duct 23 Propulsive fan 26 Shaft 27 Interconnecting shaft 30 Epicyclic gearbox 50 Combustor 60 Fuel injector 100 Combustor assembly 110 Combustor shell 111 Shell axis 112 Shell wall 113 Upstream end of shell wall 114 Downstream end of shell wall 116 Meter panel 117 Shell flange portion 119 Injector aperture 120 Tile 121 Upstream end of tile 122 Downstream end of tile 125 Tile flange portion 128 Panel apertures 129 Wall apertures 130 Upstream part of tile 132 Downstream part of tile 134 Main part of tile 136 Intermediate portion of tile 138 Oblique portion of tile 140 Heatshield 141 Main body 142 Arm 144 Free end of arm 150 Fastener 151 Nut 152 Bolt 153 Head 154 Shaft 155 Exposed portion of shaft 156 Fastener 160 Compartment 162 Compartment portion 165 Combustion space 170 Bracket 171 Hook 180 Aerodynamic dome 200 Combustor assembly 300 Combustor assembly 400 Combustor assembly Panel aperture angle Wall aperture angle A Core airflow B Bypass airflow
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0056] Aspects and embodiments of the present disclosure will now be discussed with reference to the accompanying figures. Further aspects and embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
[0057]
[0058] In use, the core airflow A is accelerated and compressed by the low pressure compressor 14 and directed into the high pressure compressor 15 where further compression takes place. The compressed air exhausted from the high pressure compressor 15 is directed into the combustion equipment 16 where it is mixed with fuel and the mixture is combusted. The resultant hot combustion products then expand through, and thereby drive, the high pressure and low pressure turbines 17, 19 before being exhausted through the core exhaust nozzle 20 to provide some propulsive thrust. The high pressure turbine 17 drives the high pressure compressor 15 by a suitable interconnecting shaft 27. The fan 23 generally provides the majority of the propulsive thrust. The epicyclic gearbox 30 is a reduction gearbox.
[0059] Note that the terms low pressure turbine and low pressure compressor as used herein may be taken to mean the lowest pressure turbine stages and lowest pressure compressor stages (i.e., not including the fan 23) respectively and/or the turbine and compressor stages that are connected together by the interconnecting shaft 26 with the lowest rotational speed in the engine (i.e., not including the gearbox output shaft that drives the fan 23). In some literature, the low pressure turbine and low pressure compressor referred to herein may alternatively be known as the intermediate pressure turbine and intermediate pressure compressor. Where such alternative nomenclature is used, the fan 23 may be referred to as a first, or lowest pressure, compression stage.
[0060] Other gas turbine engines to which the present disclosure may be applied may have alternative configurations. For example, such engines may have an alternative number of compressors and/or turbines and/or an alternative number of interconnecting shafts. By way of further example, the gas turbine engine 10 shown in
[0061] The geometry of the gas turbine engine 10, and components thereof, is defined by a conventional axis system, comprising an axial direction (which is aligned with the rotational axis 9), a radial direction (in the bottom-to-top direction in
[0062]
[0063] The combustor 50 includes a combustor assembly 100 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The combustor assembly 100 includes a combustor shell 110 extending along a shell axis 111. The shell axis 111 may be used to define an overall geometry of the combustor assembly 100.
[0064] It may be noted that components of the combustor assembly 100 may be described herein in singular form for clarity purposes. However, it should be understood that the combustor assembly 100 may include a plurality of each of the components described herein. For example, if the combustor assembly 100 includes a component A, it should be understood that the combustor assembly 100 may include a plurality of components A.
[0065] The combustor shell 110 includes a shell wall 112 extending circumferentially around the shell axis 111. The shell wall 112 includes an upstream end 113 and a downstream end 114 opposite to the upstream end 113.
[0066] The combustor shell 110 further includes a meter panel 116 connected to the upstream end 113 of the shell wall 112. The meter panel 116 extends radially with respect to the shell axis 111. The meter panel 116 and the shell wall 112 together define a combustion space 165 therebetween.
[0067] The combustor shell 110, or more specifically, the shell wall 112 and the meter panel 116 may be made from any suitable material, such as a metal or metal alloy. For example, the combustor shell 110 may be made from a metal alloy including at least one of nickel, cobalt, and chromium.
[0068] The combustor 50 may further include a fuel injector 60 (also referred to as fuel nozzle and burner). The meter panel 116 may include an injector aperture 119 that is in fluid communication with the combustion space 165. The injector aperture 119 may extend through a thickness of the meter panel 116. Further, the injector aperture 119 may extend radially with respect to the shell axis 111. The injector aperture 119 may be configured to receive the fuel injector 60 at least partially therethrough.
[0069] The fuel injector 60 may provide fuel to the combustion space 165 that may be mixed with the compressed air exhausted from the high pressure compressor 15 (shown in
[0070] The combustor assembly 100 further includes a tile 120 disposed within and adjacent to the combustor shell 110. The tile 120 includes an upstream end 121 and a downstream end 122 opposite to the upstream end 121. The tile 120 further includes a tile flange portion 125 disposed at the upstream end 121 of the tile 120. The tile flange portion 125 extends radially with respect to the shell axis 111. The tile flange portion 125 is disposed adjacent to the meter panel 116. As will be described herein, the tile flange portion 125 may be used to connect the tile 120 to at least the meter panel 116 of the combustor shell 110.
[0071] The combustor assembly 100 further includes a heatshield 140 connected to the meter panel 116 radially inwards of the combustor shell 110. The heatshield 140 extends at least radially towards the tile 120. The heatshield 140 may further extend axially along the shell axis 111.
[0072] The tile 120 and the heatshield 140 may thermally shield the combustor shell 110 from the high combustion temperatures arising due to combustion of the fuel and air mixture in the combustion space 165. Specifically, the tile 120 may at least thermally shield the shell wall 112 and the heatshield 140 may at least thermally shield the meter panel 116 from the high combustion temperatures.
[0073] The tile 120 and the heatshield 140 may be made from materials suitable to withstand high temperatures including, but not limited to, composite materials (e.g., ceramic matrix composite materials), heat resistant alloys (e.g., metallic superalloys), and the like. For example, each of the tile 120 and the heatshield 140 may be made from a nickel-based superalloy.
[0074] The combustor assembly 100 further includes a compartment 160 thermally shielded from the combustion space 165. Either the heatshield 140 and the tile 120 together form the compartment 160 or the tile 120 alone forms the compartment 160. In other words, in some embodiments, the compartment 160 may be formed by the heatshield 140 and the tile 120. In some other embodiments, the compartment 160 may be formed by the tile 120 alone. It may be noted that the compartment 160 may further be formed or delimited by the combustor shell 110.
[0075] The combustor assembly 100 further includes a fastener 150 connecting the tile flange portion 125 of the tile 120 to the meter panel 116 of the combustor shell 110. The fastener 150 extends along the shell axis 111. In other words, a principal axis of the fastener may be substantially aligned with the shell axis 111 such that a length of the fastener may be substantially aligned with the shell axis 111. The fastener 150 is at least partially disposed within the compartment 160. Furthermore, the fastener 150 is spaced apart from the combustion space 165.
[0076] The compartment 160 of the combustor assembly 100 may thermally shield and protect the fastener 150 from the high combustion temperatures of the combustion space 165. Specifically, the heatshield 140 and/or the tile 120 forming the compartment 160 may thermally shield and protect the fastener 150 from the high combustion temperatures. Consequently, the fastener 150 may have a prolonged operational lifespan and may perform reliably over its operational lifespan. As a result, the fastener 150 may reliably connect the tile flange portion 125 of the tile 120 to the meter panel 116 of the combustor shell 110.
[0077] The combustor assembly 100 may therefore have a reliable connection between the tile 120 and the combustor shell 110, and as a result may have an improved mechanical integrity. Furthermore, the combustor assembly 100 may have reduced manufacturing lead times, reduced maintenance costs, and may be easier to maintain as compared to a conventionally fabricated combustor liner.
[0078] It may be noted that the tile 120 may include a plurality of tiles 120 disposed circumferentially around the shell axis 111 and adjacent to the shell wall 112. Each of the plurality of tiles 120 may include the corresponding tile flange portion 125. Further, the fastener 150 may include a plurality of fasteners 150 connecting the tile flange portions 125 of the corresponding plurality of tiles 120 to the meter panel 116. The plurality of tiles 120 and the plurality of fasteners 150 may have a circumferential arrangement with respect to the shell axis 111.
[0079] As shown in
[0080] The combustor assembly 100 may further include a bracket 170 connected to the downstream end 114 of the shell wall 112 of the combustor shell 110. The bracket 170 may be connected to the downstream end 122 of the combustor shell 110 by a downstream fastener 156. The downstream fastener 156 may include, for example, a nut and a bolt, a rivet, a stud bolt, and the like. The tiles can be changed as necessary by removing the bracket 170.
[0081] The bracket 170 may include a hook 171 extending towards the tile 120 along the shell axis 111. The hook 171 may at least partially engage and support the downstream part 132 of the tile 120, such that the downstream part 132 is at least partially disposed between the shell wall 112 and the hook 171. In other words, the bracket 170 may define a bird-mouth that receives the downstream part 132 of the tile 120. Advantageously, axial clearance between the bracket 170 and tile downstream end 122 may allow for differing relative thermal expansion along the shell axis 111 of the shell wall 112 and/or the tile 120 while retaining the downstream part 132 of the tile 120 in a floating relationship relative to the shell wall 112.
[0082]
[0083] As discussed above, the upstream part 130 of the tile 120 includes the tile flange portion 125. The upstream part 130 may further include an intermediate portion 136 connected to the tile flange portion 125. The intermediate portion 136 may extend axially along the shell axis 111. The upstream part 130 may further include an oblique portion 138 extending from the intermediate portion 136 and obliquely inclined to the shell axis 111. The oblique portion 138 may be connected to the main part 134.
[0084] In the illustrated embodiment of
[0085] Specifically, as shown in
[0086] In some embodiments, the main part 134 of the tile 120 may include a compartment portion 162 that is axially disposed between the intermediate portion 136 of the tile 120 and the free end 144 of the arm 142 with respect to the shell axis 111. The arm 142 of the heatshield 140, the upstream part 130 of the tile 120, and the compartment portion 162 of the main part 134 may together form the compartment 160. In some embodiments, the meter panel 116 may further delimit the compartment 160.
[0087] As shown in
[0088] The fastener 150 may further connect the shell flange portion 117 to the meter panel 116, such that the fastener 150 connects the meter panel 116, the tile 120, and the shell wall 112 to each other. Use of the fastener 150 to connect the meter panel 116, the tile 120, and the shell wall 112 to each other may reduce a time taken to assemble the combustor assembly 100 as compared to a conventionally fabricated combustor liner, which may include additional steps (such as welding) for assembly.
[0089] In some embodiments, the fastener 150 may include a nut 151 and a bolt 152. The nut 151 may be disposed adjacent to the tile flange portion 125 opposite to the shell flange portion 117. The bolt 152 may be threadably connected to the nut 151. In some embodiments, the nut 151 may be a shank nut.
[0090] The bolt 152 may include a head 153 disposed adjacent to the meter panel 116 opposite to the compartment 160. The bolt 152 may further include a shaft 154 connected to the head 153 and extending towards the compartment 160. The shaft 154 may extend at least partially through each of the tile flange portion 125, the shell flange portion 117, and the meter panel 116.
[0091] The shaft 154 may include an exposed portion 155 that is threadably connected to the nut 151 and extends axially from the tile flange portion 125 along the shell axis 111. The nut 151 and the exposed portion 155 of the shaft 154 may be fully disposed within the compartment 160.
[0092] In some embodiments, the nut 151 may be connected to the tile flange portion 125. Advantageously, this may allow the bolt 152 to be threadably fastened to the nut 151 without needing access to the nut 151 and the compartment 160.
[0093] As shown in
[0094] In some embodiments, one or more panel apertures 128 from the plurality of panel apertures 128 may be obliquely inclined with respect to the shell axis 111. Specifically, the one or more panel apertures 128 may be inclined to the shell axis 111 by a panel aperture angle , which, for example, may be from 5 to 70. In some embodiments, one or more panel apertures 128 from the plurality of panel apertures 128 may be generally parallel to the shell axis 111.
[0095] Further, in some embodiments, the shell wall 112 of the combustor shell 110 may further include a plurality of wall apertures 129 that are in fluid communication with the tile 120. The plurality of wall apertures 129 may extend through a thickness of the shell wall 112. The compressed air exhausted from the high pressure compressor 15 (shown in
[0096] In some embodiments, one or more wall apertures 129 from the plurality of wall apertures 129 may be obliquely inclined with respect to the shell axis 111. Specifically, the one or more wall apertures 129 may be inclined to the shell axis 111 by a wall aperture angle , which, for example, may be from 5 to 70. In some embodiments, one or more wall apertures 129 from the plurality of wall apertures 129 may be generally perpendicular to the shell axis 111.
[0097]
[0098] Specifically, in the illustrated embodiment of
[0099]
[0100] The combustor assembly 300 is similar to the combustor assembly 100 of
[0101] Referring to
[0102] The aerodynamic dome 180 may assist in directing a portion of the compressed air from the high pressure compressor 15 (shown in
[0103] It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments above-described and various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concepts described herein. Except where mutually exclusive, any of the features may be employed separately or in combination with any other features and the disclosure extends to and includes all combinations and sub-combinations of one or more features described herein.