Abstract
A mobile classifying or screening device, including frame for a classifying apparatus arranged on a chassis. The classifying apparatus has at least one screening surface for separating a fed screening material into at least two screened fractions. The frame includes two lateral frame parts which are formed of longitudinal bars running in the longitudinal direction, which are connected by webs running transversely to the longitudinal bars and which include a topmost longitudinal bar and a bottommost longitudinal bar. At least two transverse bars running in the the transverse direction, which interconnect the two lateral frame parts in the region of the respective bottommost longitudinal bars of the two lateral frame parts. The classifying apparatus is mounted on longitudinal bars and is adjacent to a storing and metering unit in the form of a trough-shaped feed channel having a substantially horizontal direction of discharge onto the screening surface.
Claims
1. A mobile classifying or screening device having a chassis and a frame arranged on the chassis for a classifying apparatus having at least one screening surface for separating a fed screening material into at least two screening fractions, wherein the chassis has a longitudinal direction oriented in the direction of travel and a transverse direction oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, wherein the frame comprises two lateral frame parts, each formed by longitudinal bars extending in the longitudinal direction, connected by webs extending transversely to the longitudinal bars and comprising an uppermost longitudinal bar and a lowermost longitudinal bar, and at least two transverse bars extending in the transverse direction and connecting the two lateral frame parts to each other in the region of their respective lowermost longitudinal bars, wherein the classifying apparatus is mounted on longitudinal bars and a storage and metering unit, which is arranged adjacent to the classifying apparatus and mounted on longitudinal bars, is provided for the screening material and is designed as a trough-shaped delivery channel with a substantially horizontal delivery direction for the screening material from the delivery channel onto the adjacent screening surface.
2. The mobile classifying or screening device according to claim 1, wherein the transverse bars comprise a front transverse bar lying in front of the chassis, as seen in the longitudinal direction, and an inner transverse bar lying behind the chassis, as seen in the longitudinal direction, wherein the inner transverse bar is connected to the front transverse bar by two longitudinal beams extending in the longitudinal direction.
3. The mobile classifying or screening apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a fine fraction conveyor designed as a continuous conveyor is provided for a fine fraction forming the finest screening fraction, which conveyor has a horizontal conveying section (6a)-which extends between the two longitudinal beams and begins in an end region of the longitudinal beams facing the inner transverse bar and, in an end region of the longitudinal beams facing the front transverse bar, merges into a rising conveying section, the discharge end of which lies above the front transverse bar.
4. The mobile classifying or screening device according to claim 1, wherein the two frame parts each have a central longitudinal bar extending between the uppermost longitudinal bar and the lowermost longitudinal bar, which central bar, together with the respective lowermost longitudinal bar, in each case forms a discharge opening for the passage of continuous conveyors, extending in the transverse direction, for coarser screening fractions.
5. The mobile classifying or screening device according to claim 4,wherein the classifying apparatus is mounted on the central longitudinal bars.
6. The mobile classifying or screening device according to claim 1, wherein the storage and metering unit is mounted on the uppermost longitudinal bars.
7. The mobile classifying or screening device according to claim 1, wherein the trough-shaped feed channel is designed as an integral vibrating chute.
8. The mobile classifying or screening device according to claim 1, wherein continuous conveyors for discharging the screening fractions and magnetic separators arranged above the continuous conveyors for classifying magnetically attractable material components of the respectively discharged screening fraction are provided.
9. The mobile classifying or screening device claim 1, wherein a maintenance opening for drive and/or hydraulic devices is formed between the uppermost longitudinal bar and the lowermost longitudinal bar of a frame part.
10. The mobile classifying or screening device according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal bars and/or the webs are designed at least in sections as hollow profiles for receiving fuel and/or hydraulic fluid.
Description
[0017] The invention is explained in more detail below by means of exemplary embodiments with the aid of the accompanying figures, wherein the figures show as follows:
[0018] FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section according to the sectional plane A-A (see FIG. 3) through an embodiment of a classifying or screening device according to the invention,
[0019] FIG. 2 shows a view of the classifying or screening device according to FIG. 1 from the left side as seen in relation to FIG. 1,
[0020] FIG. 3 shows the classifying or screening device according to FIG. 1 as seen from above,
[0021] FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the frame with longitudinal beam for the classifying or screening device according to FIG. 1,
[0022] FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the frame with longitudinal beam and the crawler tracks for the classifying or screening device according to FIG. 1,
[0023] FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of the illustration of FIG. 5 with continuous conveyors added for the classifying or screening device according to FIG. 1,
[0024] FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of the illustration of FIG. 6 with added drive and hydraulic devices for the classifying or screening device according to FIG. 1,
[0025] FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of the illustration of FIG. 7 with added magnetic separators for the classifying or screening device according to FIG. 1,
[0026] FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of the illustration of FIG. 8 with added classifying apparatus for the classifying or screening device according to FIG. 1,
[0027] FIG. 10 shows a perspective view of the illustration of FIG. 9 with added feed channel for the classifying or screening device according to FIG. 1, and
[0028] FIG. 11 shows another perspective view of the illustration of FIG. 10.
[0029] First of all, reference is made to FIGS. 1-3 in order to explain the mode of operation of the classifying or screening device according to the invention, before the structure of the classifying or screening device is described in further detail on the basis of an exemplary embodiment. The embodiment shown has a chassis which is designed as a crawler chassis with two crawler tracks 3. Furthermore, the storage and metering unit 2 for the fed screening materials SG, which is designed as a trough-shaped feed channel, can be seen, as well as the classifying apparatus 1 arranged next to it. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the classifying apparatus 1 is designed in such a way that it has two screening decks lying one above the other, which form two screening surfaces S1, S2. The classifying apparatus 1 also has a wedge wire screen 4 arranged downstream of the upper, first, screening deck (see in particular FIG. 3). In the feed channel, the screening materials SG, which are sometimes fed in batches, are calmed and fed in a metered manner in a substantially horizontal discharge direction AR (see FIG. 1) to the upper screening deck of the classifying apparatus 1, in that the feed channel is designed as a vibrating chute. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the classifying apparatus 1 is designed as a vibrating screening device with a directed, elliptical vibration pattern, so that the screening materials SG are moved to the left in the classifying apparatus 1 with respect to FIG. 1. In this case, a mixture of a medium coarse and fine screening fraction MFF falls from the first, upper screening surface S1 onto the second screening surface S2 below (see FIG. 1). A coarse fraction GF of the screening materials SG reaches the wedge wire screen 4 and falls there onto an underlying coarse fraction conveyor 5, which is designed as a continuous conveyor discharging the coarse fraction GF laterally next to the device (see in particular also FIG. 2). Those parts of the screening fraction which are too large to fall through the wedge wire screen 4 are discharged at the rear end of the device as oversize material ÜG (see in particular FIGS. 1 and 3) .
[0030] The mixture of the medium coarse and fine screening fraction MFF falls in the classifying apparatus 1 from the first, upper screening surface S1 onto the second screening surface S2 below, as mentioned. The fine screening fraction FF also falls through the second screening surface S2 and is collected on an underlying fine fraction conveyor 6. The fine fraction conveyor 6 is designed as a continuous conveyor that conveys the fine fraction FF in a horizontal conveying section 6a in the longitudinal direction of the device to the front end of the device, where it changes into an ascending conveying section 6b and discharges the fine fraction FF in front of the device at its elevated discharge end (see FIGS. 1 and 3). That fraction of the medium-coarse and fine screening fraction MFF which is too coarse to fall through the second screening surface S2 is discharged at the left-hand end of the classifying apparatus 1, as shown in FIG. 1, as medium fraction MF onto a medium-fraction conveyor 7 lying below, which is also designed as a continuous conveyor that discharges the medium fraction MF laterally next to the device (see in particular also FIG. 2).
[0031] FIGS. 1-3 also show that magnetic separators 8 are arranged above the respective discharge ends of the continuous conveyors for the discharged screening fractions, which in the embodiment shown are attached to holders 9 and remove magnetically attractable material components from the respective discharged screening fraction. With the aid of a magnetic separator 8 arranged above the discharge end of the coarse fraction conveyor 5, the coarse fraction GF is separated into a non-magnetic coarse fraction GF.sub.um and a magnetic coarse fraction GF.sub.m (see in particular FIG. 2). By means of a magnetic separator 8 arranged above the discharge end of the medium fraction conveyor 7, the medium fraction MF is separated into a non-magnetic medium fraction MF.sub.um and a magnetic medium fraction MF.sub.m. Furthermore, with the aid of a magnetic separator 8 arranged above the discharge end of the fine fraction conveyor 6, the fine fraction FF is separated into a non-magnetic fine fraction FF.sub.um and a magnetic fine fraction FF.sub.m (see in particular FIG. 3). Admittedly, this type of classification according to the magnetic properties of the screening materials SG is optional. Preferably, the magnetic separators 8 can also be fixed in the holders 9 in a height-adjustable manner in order to be able to adjust to different magnetization properties of the magnetically attractable material fractions. Preferably, layer height limiters or a layer height comparator can also be provided in order to optimally prepare the layer height of the discharged screening fractions for magnetic separation and thus improve the separation of magnetically attractable material components.
[0032] Furthermore, the drive and/or hydraulic devices 10 for driving the crawler chassis as well as for driving the storage and metering unit 2 and the classifying apparatus 1 can be seen in FIGS. 1-3. Fuel and hydraulic fluids for the drive and/or hydraulic devices 10 are stored in a tank 11.
[0033] In the following, FIGS. 4-11 will be used to explain the structure of the classifying or screening device in more detail step by step on the basis of an exemplary embodiment. This explanation starts in FIG. 4, which initially shows only the frame with two lateral frame parts 12.1, 12.2 and the two longitudinal beams 13.1, 13.2. The two lateral frame parts 12 are each formed by longitudinal bars 14 extending in the longitudinal direction, which are connected by webs 15 extending transversely to the longitudinal bars and comprise an uppermost longitudinal bar 14a and a lowermost longitudinal bar 14b, as well as a central longitudinal bar 14c extending between the uppermost longitudinal bar 14a and the lowermost longitudinal bar 14b. For the left frame part 12.1 shown in FIG. 4, these longitudinal bars 14 are referred to as the uppermost longitudinal bar 14.1a, the lowermost longitudinal bar 14.1b and the central longitudinal bar 14.1c. For the right frame part 12.2 shown in FIG. 4, these longitudinal bars 14 are designated as uppermost longitudinal bar 14.2a, as lowermost longitudinal bar 14.2b and as central longitudinal bar 14.2c. The longitudinal bars 14 run horizontally, at least in sections, and form bearing surfaces for the classifying apparatus 1 and the storage and metering unit 2 in the horizontal sections, as will be described in more detail below.
[0034] In the shown exemplary embodiment, the two lateral frame parts 12.1, 12.2 are connected to each other by a total of four transverse bars 16-19, each of which extends in the transverse direction, namely by a front transverse bar 16, an inner transverse bar 17 and a rear transverse bar 18, which connect the two frame parts 12.1, 12.2 to each other in the region of their respective lowermost longitudinal bars 14b, as well as an upper transverse bar 19, which connects the two frame parts 12.1, 12.2 above the aforementioned transverse bars 16-18. The front transverse bar 16 and the inner transverse bar 17 are connected to each other by the two aforementioned longitudinal beams 13.1, 13.2.
[0035] The arrangement shown in FIG. 4 forms a torsionally rigid frame which is supported on the crawler chassis, as indicated in FIG. 5. In FIG. 5, the two crawler tracks 3 of the crawler chassis are shown, and it can be seen that the two longitudinal beams 13 extend inside the two crawler tracks 3 and at approximately the same height as the two crawler tracks 3. The two longitudinal beams 13 thus delimit a receiving space located between them, which is the deepest receiving space of the entire device.
[0036] This low-lying receiving space receives the horizontal conveying section 6a of the fine fraction conveyor 6 for discharging the fine fraction FF, as can be seen in FIG. 6. This horizontal conveying section 6a begins in an end region of the longitudinal beams 13 facing the inner transverse bar 17, and in an end region of the longitudinal beams 13 facing the front transverse bar 16, merges into a rising conveying section 6b, which subsequently extends above the front transverse bar 16 and below the upper transverse bar 19. The horizontal conveying section 6a thus extends inside the device in the area close to the ground, since the fine fraction FF is obtained at the lowest point of the classifying apparatus 1. It also extends below the storage and metering unit 2 and only reaches an elevated level for discharging the fine fraction FF at the discharge end of the rising conveyor section 6b.
[0037] FIG. 6 also shows the medium fraction conveyor 7 and the coarse fraction conveyor 5, which discharge the coarser screening fractions at opposite sides of the device and respectively cross discharge openings of the frame parts 12 formed by the lowermost longitudinal bar 14b, the central longitudinal bar 14c and the nearest webs 15. As has already been mentioned, the discharge openings also represent discharge openings for the medium fraction conveyor 7 and the coarse fraction conveyor 5, since these continuous conveyors for the coarser screening fractions protrude laterally from the device in the operating state and must therefore be dismantled or folded in the event of transport of the mobile classifying and screening device. With the help of the opening in the frame formed by the middle longitudinal bar 14c and the lowest longitudinal bar 14b, this disassembly is easily possible.
[0038] FIG. 7 shows the arrangement of the drive and/or hydraulic devices 10 for driving the crawler track, the storage and metering unit 2 and the classifying apparatus 1. Propellants and hydraulic fluids for the drive and/or hydraulic devices 10 are stored in a tank 11. Both the drive and/or hydraulic devices 10 and the tank 11 are arranged above the horizontal conveying section 6a of the fine fraction conveyor 6, for example on a support plate, as indicated in FIG. 7.
[0039] In FIG. 8, in comparison with FIG. 7, the magnetic separators 8 are added, which are arranged above the respective discharge ends of the continuous conveyors for the discharged screening fractions and are attached to holders 9, which in turn are mounted on the frame parts 12. With the aid of a magnetic separator 8 arranged above the discharge end of the coarse fraction conveyor 5, the coarse fraction GF is separated into a non-magnetic coarse fraction GF.sub.um and a magnetic coarse fraction GF.sub.m, wherein both the non-magnetic coarse fraction GF.sub.um, and the magnetic coarse fraction GF.sub.m are discharged in the transverse direction of the device. With the aid of a magnetic separator 8 arranged above the discharge end of the medium fraction conveyor 7, the medium fraction MF is separated into a non-magnetic medium fraction MF.sub.um, and a magnetic medium fraction MF.sub.m, with both the non-magnetic medium fraction MF.sub.um and the magnetic medium fraction MF.sub.m being discharged in the transverse direction of the device. Furthermore, with the aid of a magnetic separator 8 arranged above the discharge end of the fine fraction conveyor 6, the fine fraction FF is separated into a non-magnetic fine fraction FF.sub.um and a magnetic fine fraction FF.sub.m, with the non-magnetic fine fraction FF.sub.um being discharged in the longitudinal direction of the device and the magnetic fine fraction FF.sub.m being discharged in the transverse direction of the device (see also FIG. 3).
[0040] In FIG. 9, the classifying apparatus 1 has been added in comparison with FIG. 8, wherein it can be seen in particular that the classifying apparatus 1 in the embodiment shown is supported on horizontally extending sections of the central longitudinal bars 14c via elastic bearings. The vibration excitation of the classifying apparatus 1 is carried out with the aid of the drive and hydraulic device 10.
[0041] Finally, FIGS. 10 and 11 show the complete device including the storage and metering unit 2. The storage and metering unit 2 is supported on the uppermost longitudinal bars 14a by elastic bearings. The vibration excitation of the storage and metering unit 2 is also carried out with the aid of the drive and hydraulic device 10. The classifying apparatus 1 and the storage and metering unit 2 are arranged in such a way that the upper screening surface S1 of the classifying apparatus 1 is located approximately at the level of the tank bottom of the storage and metering unit 2, which is designed as a feed channel, so that an essentially horizontal discharge direction AR for the screening materials SG onto the upper screening surface S1 is made possible.
[0042] With the aid of the shown design of the frame and the arrangement of the classifying apparatus 1 and the storage and metering unit 2, the maximum width of heavy-duty vehicles permitted for road transport can be optimally utilized both with regard to the track width of the crawler track and with regard to the overall width of the device. The screening surfaces S1, S2 can thus be enlarged because their dimension in the transverse direction can be maximized so that it lies within the range of this permitted maximum width. However, a larger screening surface S compared to conventional designs also means a larger throughput of screening materials SG and thus a higher screening capacity of the classifying or screening device. In addition, very low installation heights can be achieved, so that, for example, direct feeding of the feed channel with a wheel loader and a design as a heavy-duty screen is also possible.
