COMPOSITION FOR FORMING ORGANIC FILM, METHOD FOR FORMING ORGANIC FILM, PATTERNING PROCESS, AND SURFACTANT
20250232984 ยท 2025-07-17
Assignee
Inventors
Cpc classification
C09D129/10
CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
C09D139/04
CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
C09D139/00
CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
C09D183/06
CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
International classification
H01L21/311
ELECTRICITY
C09D183/06
CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
C09D129/10
CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
C09D129/02
CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
C09D139/04
CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
C09D139/00
CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
Abstract
A composition for forming an organic film contains: (A) a material for forming an organic film; (B) an aryl benzyl ether compound having a partial structure represented by the following general formula (B1); and (C) a solvent, where R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the following formula (B2-1) or either of groups containing fluorine represented by the following formulae (B2-2), R.sub.2 represents a saturated or unsaturated monovalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a represents 0 or 1, provided that when a is 0, b represents 1 to 5 and c represents 0 to 4, and when a is 1, b represents 1 to 7 and c represents 0 to 6, and * represents an attachment point to another atom.
##STR00001##
Claims
1. A composition for forming an organic film, comprising: (A) a material for forming an organic film; (B) an aryl benzyl ether compound having a partial structure represented by the following general formula (B1); and (C) a solvent, ##STR00148## wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the following formula (B2-1) or either of groups containing fluorine represented by the following formulae (B2-2), relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the following formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the following formulae (B2-2) is , R.sub.2 represents a saturated or unsaturated monovalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a represents 0 or 1, provided that when a is 0, b represents 1 to 5 and c represents 0 to 4, and when a is 1, b represents 1 to 7 and c represents 0 to 6, and * represents an attachment point to another atom, ##STR00149## wherein a broken line represents an attachment point to the oxygen atom in the formula (B1), n represents 1 to 6, and one kind of the structure represented by the formula (B2-1) is contained or two kinds of the structure is contained, ##STR00150## wherein a broken line represents an attachment point to the oxygen atom in the formula (B1), and one kind of the structures represented by the formulae (B2-2) is contained or two kinds of the structures are contained.
2. The composition for forming an organic film according to claim 1, wherein the aryl benzyl ether compound (B) is a compound represented by the following general formula (B3), (B4), (B6), (B8), (B10), or (B11), ##STR00151## wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; R.sub.2 represents a saturated or unsaturated monovalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; R.sub.3 represents a saturated or unsaturated divalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; a1 represents 0 or 1, provided that when a1 is 0, b1 represents 1 to 5 and c1 represents 0 to 4, and when a1 is 1, b1 represents 1 to 7 and c1 represents 0 to 6, ##STR00152## wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; R.sub.2 represents a saturated or unsaturated monovalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; R.sub.4 represents a single bond or any of groups represented by the following formulae (B5); R.sub.5 represents a saturated or unsaturated divalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; and a2 represents 0 or 1, provided that when a2 is 0, b2 represents 1 to 5 and c2 represents 0 to 4, and when a2 is 1, b2 represents 1 to 7 and c2 represents 0 to 6, ##STR00153## wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; R.sub.2 represents a saturated or unsaturated monovalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; R.sub.6 represents a group represented by any of the following formulae (B7); R.sub.7 represents a saturated or unsaturated divalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; and a3 represents 0 or 1, provided that when a3 is 0, b3 represents 1 to 5 and c3 represents 0 to 4, and when a3 is 1, b3 represents 1 to 7 and c3 represents 0 to 6, ##STR00154## wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; W.sub.1 represents a group represented by the following formula (B9); a4 represents 0 or 1; b4 represents 1 or 2; and d4 represents 1 to 4, ##STR00155## wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); and relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is , ##STR00156## wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; W.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B9); W.sub.2 represents a single bond or an organic group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms; m represents an integer satisfying 1m5; a5 represents 0 or 1; b5 represents 1 or 2; and d5 represents 1 to 4, ##STR00157## wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; R.sub.8 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and b6 represents 1 to 5.
3. The composition for forming an organic film according to claim 1, wherein the aryl benzyl ether compound (B) has a weight-average molecular weight of 1000 to 30000.
4. The composition for forming an organic film according to claim 1, wherein the aryl benzyl ether compound (B) is contained in an amount of 0.01 parts by mass to 5 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the material (A) for forming an organic film.
5. A method for forming an organic film to be used in a manufacturing process of a semiconductor device, the method comprising: spin-coating a substrate to be processed with the composition for forming an organic film according to claim 1 to obtain a coating film; and forming an organic film by heating the coating film at a temperature of 100 C. or higher and 600 C. or lower for 10 to 600 seconds to cure the coating film.
6. A patterning process comprising: forming an organic film on a body to be processed by using the composition for forming an organic film according to claim 1; forming a silicon-containing resist middle layer film on the organic film by using a silicon-containing resist middle layer film material; forming a resist upper layer film on the silicon-containing resist middle layer film by using a resist upper layer film material comprising a photoresist composition; forming a circuit pattern in the resist upper layer film; transferring the pattern to the silicon-containing resist middle layer film by etching while using the resist upper layer film having the formed circuit pattern as a mask; transferring the pattern to the organic film by etching while using the silicon-containing resist middle layer film having the transferred pattern as a mask; and further forming the pattern in the body to be processed by etching while using the organic film having the transferred pattern as a mask.
7. A patterning process comprising: forming an organic film on a body to be processed by using the composition for forming an organic film according to claim 1; forming a silicon-containing resist middle layer film on the organic film by using a silicon-containing resist middle layer film material; forming an organic antireflective film or an adhesive film on the silicon-containing resist middle layer film; forming a resist upper layer film on the organic antireflective film or the adhesive film by using a resist upper layer film material comprising a photoresist composition; forming a circuit pattern in the resist upper layer film; transferring the pattern to the organic antireflective film or the adhesive film and to the silicon-containing resist middle layer film by etching while using the resist upper layer film having the formed circuit pattern as a mask; transferring the pattern to the organic film by etching while using the silicon-containing resist middle layer film having the transferred pattern as a mask; and further forming the pattern in the body to be processed by etching while using the organic film having the transferred pattern as a mask.
8. A patterning process comprising: forming an organic film on a body to be processed by using the composition for forming an organic film according to claim 1; forming an inorganic hard mask selected from the group consisting of a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, and a silicon oxynitride film on the organic film; forming a resist upper layer film on the inorganic hard mask by using a resist upper layer film material comprising a photoresist composition; forming a circuit pattern in the resist upper layer film; transferring the pattern to the inorganic hard mask by etching while using the resist upper layer film having the formed circuit pattern as a mask; transferring the pattern to the organic film by etching while using the inorganic hard mask having the transferred pattern as a mask; and further forming the pattern in the body to be processed by etching while using the organic film having the transferred pattern as a mask.
9. A patterning process comprising: forming an organic film on a body to be processed by using the composition for forming an organic film according to claim 1; forming an inorganic hard mask selected from the group consisting of a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, and a silicon oxynitride film on the organic film; forming an organic antireflective film or an adhesive film on the inorganic hard mask; forming a resist upper layer film on the organic antireflective film or the adhesive film by using a resist upper layer film material comprising a photoresist composition; forming a circuit pattern in the resist upper layer film; transferring the pattern to the organic antireflective film or the adhesive film and to the inorganic hard mask by etching while using the resist upper layer film having the formed circuit pattern as a mask; transferring the pattern to the organic film by etching while using the inorganic hard mask having the transferred pattern as a mask; and further forming the pattern in the body to be processed by etching while using the organic film having the transferred pattern as a mask.
10. The patterning process according to claim 8, wherein the inorganic hard mask is formed by a CVD method or an ALD method.
11. The patterning process according to claim 6, wherein the circuit pattern is formed by a lithography using light having a wavelength of 10 nm or more and 300 nm or less, a direct writing with electron beam, nanoimprinting, or a combination thereof.
12. The patterning process according to claim 6, wherein the circuit pattern is developed with an alkaline development or an organic solvent.
13. The patterning process according to claim 6, wherein the body to be processed is a semiconductor device substrate or the semiconductor device substrate coated with any of a metal film, a metal carbide film, a metal oxide film, a metal nitride film, a metal oxycarbide film, and a metal oxynitride film.
14. The patterning process according to claim 13, wherein the metal constituting the body to be processed is silicon, titanium, tungsten, hafnium, zirconium, chromium, germanium, copper, silver, gold, aluminum, indium, gallium, arsenic, palladium, iron, tantalum, iridium, molybdenum, or an alloy thereof.
15. A surfactant comprising an aryl benzyl ether compound having a partial structure represented by the following general formula (B1), ##STR00158## wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the following formula (B2-1) or either of groups containing fluorine represented by the following formulae (B2-2), relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the following formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the following formulae (B2-2) is , R.sub.2 represents a saturated or unsaturated monovalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, represents 0 or 1, provided that when a is 0, b represents 1 to 5 and c represents 0 to 4, and when is 1, b represents 1 to 7 and c represents 0 to 6, and * represents an attachment point to another atom, ##STR00159## wherein a broken line represents an attachment point to the oxygen atom in the formula (B1), n represents 1 to 6, and one kind of the structure represented by the formula (B2-1) is contained or two kinds of the structure is contained, ##STR00160## wherein a broken line represents an attachment point to the oxygen atom in the formula (B1), and one kind of the structures represented by the formulae (B2-2) is contained or two kinds of the structures are contained.
16. The surfactant according to claim 15, wherein the aryl benzyl ether compound is a compound represented by the following general formula (B3), (B4), (B6), (B8), (B10), or (B11), ##STR00161## wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; R.sub.2 represents a saturated or unsaturated monovalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; R.sub.3 represents a saturated or unsaturated divalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; a1 represents 0 or 1, provided that when a1 is 0, b1 represents 1 to 5 and c1 represents 0 to 4, and when a1 is 1, b1 represents 1 to 7 and c1 represents 0 to 6, ##STR00162## wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; R.sub.2 represents a saturated or unsaturated monovalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; R.sub.4 represents a single bond or any of groups represented by the following formulae (B5); R.sub.5 represents a saturated or unsaturated divalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; and a2 represents 0 or 1, provided that when a2 is 0, b2 represents 1 to 5 and c2 represents 0 to 4, and when a2 is 1, b2 represents 1 to 7 and c2 represents 0 to 6, ##STR00163## wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; R.sub.2 represents a saturated or unsaturated monovalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; R.sub.6 represents a group represented by any of the following formulae (B7); R.sub.7 represents a saturated or unsaturated divalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; and 3 represents 0 or 1, provided that when 3 is 0, b3 represents 1 to 5 and c3 represents 0 to 4, and when 3 is 1, b3 represents 1 to 7 and c3 represents 0 to 6, ##STR00164## wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; W.sub.1 represents a group represented by the following formula (B9); 4 represents 0 or 1; b4 represents 1 or 2; and d4 represents 1 to 4, ##STR00165## wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); and relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is , ##STR00166## wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; W.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B9); W.sub.2 represents a single bond or an organic group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms; m represents an integer satisfying 1m5; 5 represents 0 or 1; b5 represents 1 or 2; and d5 represents 1 to 4, ##STR00167## wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; R.sub.8 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and b6 represents 1 to 5.
17. The surfactant according to claim 15, wherein the aryl benzyl ether compound has a weight-average molecular weight of 1000 to 30000.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0076]
[0077]
[0078]
[0079]
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0080] As described above, there has been required the development of a composition for forming an organic film that has excellent film-formability (in-plane uniformity) on a substrate (wafer) and excellent filling property, and that can form an organic film in which humps generated in an EBR process have been suppressed.
[0081] Usually, when an organic film is to be formed, a resin for forming an organic film and additives are dissolved in an organic solvent to form a composition, the composition is applied with a coater and a developer onto a substrate on which a structure, a circuit, etc. is formed, the composition is spread by the substrate rotating, the composition on the edge is removed in an EBR process, and then the composition is baked to form an organic film.
[0082] It is thought that if the flowability of the composition is insufficient, gaps are generated when a hole or trench having a very high aspect ratio is filled, and in addition, a hump is generated in the periphery of the organic film if the resin for forming an organic film or the additives have poor solubility in the remover used in the EBR process.
[0083] The present inventors have further studied earnestly the above-described problems and found out that when a thermally decomposable compound having a particular repeating unit is contained in a composition for forming an organic film, the composition has both excellent film-formability and high filling property and allows excellent hump suppression property during an EBR process. Thus, the present invention has been completed.
[0084] That is, the present invention is a composition for forming an organic film, comprising: [0085] (A) a material for forming an organic film; [0086] (B) an aryl benzyl ether compound having a partial structure represented by the following general formula (B1); and [0087] (C) a solvent,
##STR00022##
wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the following formula (B2-1) or either of groups containing fluorine represented by the following formulae (B2-2), relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the following formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the following formulae (B2-2) is , R.sub.2 represents a saturated or unsaturated monovalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a represents 0 or 1, provided that when a is 0, b represents 1 to 5 and c represents 0 to 4, and when a is 1, b represents 1 to 7 and c represents 0 to 6, and * represents an attachment point to another atom,
##STR00023##
wherein a broken line represents an attachment point to the oxygen atom in the formula (B1), n represents 1 to 6, and one kind of the structure represented by the formula (B2-1) is contained or two kinds of the structure is contained,
##STR00024##
wherein a broken line represents an attachment point to the oxygen atom in the formula (B1), and one kind of the structures represented by the formulae (B2-2) is contained or two kinds of the structures are contained.
[0088] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
[Composition for Forming Organic Film]
[0089] The inventive composition for forming an organic film contains: [0090] (A) a material for forming an organic film; [0091] (B) an aryl benzyl ether compound having a partial structure represented by the following general formula (B1); and [0092] (C) a solvent.
##STR00025##
[0093] In the formula, R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the following formula (B2-1) or either of groups containing fluorine represented by the following formulae (B2-2), relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the following formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the following formulae (B2-2) is , R.sub.2 represents a saturated or unsaturated monovalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a represents 0 or 1, provided that when a is 0, b represents 1 to 5 and c represents 0 to 4, and when a is 1, b represents 1 to 7 and c represents 0 to 6, and * represents an attachment point to another atom.
##STR00026##
[0094] In the formula, a broken line represents an attachment point to the oxygen atom in the formula (B1), n represents 1 to 6, and one kind of the structure represented by the formula (B2-1) is contained or two kinds of the structure is contained.
##STR00027##
[0095] In the formulae, a broken line represents an attachment point to the oxygen atom in the formula (B1), and one kind of the structures represented by the formulae (B2-2) is contained or two kinds of the structures are contained.
[0096] Note that in the inventive composition for forming an organic film, as each of the aryl benzyl ether compound (B), the material (A) for forming an organic film, and the solvent (C), one kind may be contained or a combination of two or more kinds may be contained.
[0097] In the following, the aryl benzyl ether compound (B), which is a feature of the present invention, out of the components of the above-described composition for forming an organic film will be described first, and then the material for forming an organic film, solvent, and other components will be described.
[Aryl Benzyl Ether Compound (B)]
[0098] The component (B) in the inventive composition for forming an organic film is a compound that has a partial structure represented by the general formula (B1). When this compound is contained in a composition for forming an organic film, the composition is useful for forming an organic film.
[0099] The aryl benzyl ether compound (B) of the present invention includes an aryl benzyl ether structure containing a fluorine atom. Humps are hardly generated during an EBR process in a coating film formed from a composition for forming an organic film containing a material (A) for forming an organic film described later and such an aryl benzyl ether compound (B). Furthermore, by virtue of introducing a suitable substituent containing fluorine atoms, such as those in the formulae (B2-2), it is possible to impart a function as a surfactant that has the ability to reduce surface tension and brings about excellent uniform coatability (levelling property) of an organic film. Accordingly, when the aryl benzyl ether compound (B) of the present invention is used as a surfactant, the composition can be used not only for organic films, but also for coating materials for photolithography in general. Specific examples include photosensitive resist materials, materials for forming a top coat formed on a resist film, etc. In addition, the aryl benzyl ether structure incorporated in the aryl benzyl ether compound (B) is decomposed in the benzyl position by heat or the like. The phenolic hydroxy groups generated in this event can decrease the contact angle on the surface of an organic film, and therefore, the composition for forming an organic film can form an organic film that can improve the coating property when a middle layer film, for example, a silicon-containing middle layer film is applied thereon. Furthermore, by adjusting the proportion of the PEG chain having the structure represented by the formula (B2-1) and the proportion of the fluorine-substituted groups having structures represented by the formulae (B2-2) in the above-described ranges, the contact angle can be adjusted by the sufficient presence of the PEG chain even in a low-temperature range, where the components are not thermally decomposed at the benzyl position, and therefore, the composition for forming an organic film can form an organic film that can improve the coating property when a middle layer film, for example, a silicon-containing middle layer film is applied thereon. Thus, the aryl benzyl ether compound (B) of the present invention has a characteristic that it can function as a surfactant.
[0100] That is, the inventive composition for forming an organic film, containing the material (A) for forming an organic film and the aryl benzyl ether compound (B), is excellent in film-formability on a substrate and filling property, excellent in hump suppression in an EBR process, and furthermore, makes it possible to form an organic film that is excellent in process margin when used as an organic film for a multilayer resist. For example, by virtue of using the inventive composition for forming an organic film, it is possible to form: an organic film excellent for a multilayer resist for fine processing in manufacturing semiconductor devices or the like; and organic films excellent for planarization in manufacturing semiconductor devices or the like.
[0101] The aryl benzyl ether compound (B) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (B3), (B4), (B6), (B8), (B10), or (B11).
##STR00028##
[0102] In the formula, R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; R.sub.2 represents a saturated or unsaturated monovalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; R.sub.3 represents a saturated or unsaturated divalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; a1 represents 0 or 1, provided that when a1 is 0, b1 represents 1 to 5 and c1 represents 0 to 4, and when a1 is 1, b1 represents 1 to 7 and c1 represents 0 to 6.
##STR00029##
[0103] In the formula, R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; R.sub.2 represents a saturated or unsaturated monovalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; R.sub.4 represents a single bond or any of groups represented by the following formulae (B5); R.sub.5 represents a saturated or unsaturated divalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; and a2 represents 0 or 1, provided that when a2 is 0, b2 represents 1 to 5 and c2 represents 0 to 4, and when a2 is 1, b2 represents 1 to 7 and c2 represents 0 to 6.
##STR00030##
[0104] In the formula, R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; R.sub.2 represents a saturated or unsaturated monovalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; R.sub.6 represents a group represented by any of the following formulae (B7); R.sub.7 represents a saturated or unsaturated divalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; and a3 represents 0 or 1, provided that when a3 is 0, b3 represents 1 to 5 and c3 represents 0 to 4, and when a3 is 1, b3 represents 1 to 7 and c3 represents 0 to 6.
##STR00031##
[0105] In the formula, R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; W.sub.1 represents a group represented by the following formula (B9); a4 represents 0 or 1; b4 represents 1 or 2; and d4 represents 1 to 4.
##STR00032##
[0106] In the formula, R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); and relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is .
##STR00033##
[0107] In the formula, R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; W.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B9); W.sub.2 represents a single bond or an organic group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms; m represents an integer satisfying 1m5; a5 represents 0 or 1; b5 represents 1 or 2; and d5 represents 1 to 4.
##STR00034##
[0108] In the formula, R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; R.sub.8 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and b6 represents 1 to 5.
[0109] The composition for forming an organic film containing such a compound has a suitable fluorine content, and therefore, can improve film-formability at the time of application. Moreover, there is no risk of the in-plane uniformity of the film being degraded by decomposed products generated during baking, and there is no risk of insoluble components being formed by a reaction between decomposed products or the like. Therefore, the process margin does not become narrowed when the composition is used for an organic film, and equipment contamination, inconvenience, etc. do not arise either.
[0110] Examples of the saturated or unsaturated monovalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, represented by R.sub.2 in the general formulae (B1), (B3), (B4), and (B6), include: monovalent saturated hydrocarbon groups, such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an i-propyl group, an n-butyl group, an i-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, an n-pentyl group, an iso-pentyl group, a sec-pentyl group, and a tert-pentyl group; monovalent unsaturated linear hydrocarbon groups, such as an ethenyl group, a propenyl group, a butenyl group, a pentenyl group, an ethynyl group, and a propynyl group; monocyclic saturated cyclic hydrocarbon groups, such as a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, and a cyclooctyl group; monovalent monocyclic unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon groups, such as a cyclobutenyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, and a cyclohexenyl group; monovalent polycyclic cyclic hydrocarbon groups, such as a norbornyl group and an adamantyl group; and monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon groups, such as a phenyl group, a methylphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a methylnaphthyl group, an anthryl group, and a methylanthryl group.
[0111] Other examples of the organic group represented by the R.sub.2 include: alkoxy groups, such as a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, an n-propoxy group, an i-propoxy group, an n-butoxy group, an i-butoxy group, a sec-butoxy group, a t-butoxy group, an n-pentyloxy group, and an n-hexyloxy group; and alkoxycarbonyl groups, such as a methoxycarbonyl group, an ethoxycarbonyl group, an n-propoxycarbonyl group, an i-propoxycarbonyl group, an n-butoxycarbonyl group, an i-butoxycarbonyl group, a sec-butoxycarbonyl group, a t-butoxycarbonyl group, an n-pentyloxycarbonyl group, and an n-hexyloxycarbonyl group.
[0112] Part or all of the hydrogen atoms contained in the organic groups, such as the above-mentioned saturated hydrocarbon groups, unsaturated linear hydrocarbon groups, monocyclic saturated cyclic hydrocarbon groups, monocyclic unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon groups, polycyclic cyclic hydrocarbon groups, aromatic hydrocarbon groups, alkoxy groups, and alkoxycarbonyl groups, may be substituted. Examples of substituents include halogen atoms, such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom, a hydroxy group, a cyano group, a carboxy group, a nitro group, an amino group, alkoxy groups, alkoxycarbonyl groups, acyl groups, alkoxycarbonyloxy groups, aryl groups, aliphatic heterocyclic groups, such as lactone groups, and aromatic heterocyclic groups, such as a furyl group and a pyridyl group.
[0113] Preferable examples of the organic group represented by the R.sub.2 include a methyl group from the viewpoint of the availability of raw materials.
[0114] Examples of the saturated or unsaturated divalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms represented by R.sub.3, R.sub.5, or R.sub.7 in the general formulae (B3), (B4), and (B6) include: alkanediyl groups, such as a methylene group, an ethanediyl group, a propanediyl group, a butanediyl group, a pentanediyl group, a hexanediyl group, an octanediyl group, and a decanediyl group; monocyclic cycloalkanediyl groups, such as a cyclopropanediyl group, a cyclobutanediyl group, a cyclopentanediyl group, a cyclohexanediyl group, a cycloheptanediyl group, a cyclooctanediyl group, a cyclodecanediyl group, a methylcyclohexanediyl group, and an ethylcyclohexanediyl group; polycyclic cycloalkanediyl groups, such as a bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanediyl group, a bicyclo[2.2.2]octanediyl group, a tricyclo[5.2.1.0.sup.2, 6]decanediyl group (a dicyclopentylene group), a tricyclo[3.3.1.1.sup.3, 7] decanediyl group, a tetracyclo[6.2.1.1.sup.3, 6.0.sup.2, 7] dodecanediyl group, and an adamantanediyl group; and arenediyl groups, such as a phenylene group and a naphthylene group.
[0115] Examples of alkanediyloxy groups represented by the R.sub.3, R.sub.5, or R.sub.7 include groups which are combinations of an alkanediyl group mentioned above and an oxygen atom. Meanwhile, examples of cycloalkanediyloxy groups represented by the R.sub.3, R.sub.5, or R.sub.7 include groups which are combinations of a cycloalkanediyl group mentioned above and an oxygen atom.
[0116] Part or all of the hydrogen atoms contained in the alkanediyl groups, cycloalkanediyl groups, alkanediyloxy groups, cycloalkanediyloxy groups, arenediyl groups, etc. may be substituted. Examples of substituents include the groups which are examples of substituents that may be contained in the organic group represented by the R.sub.2.
[0117] Examples of the organic group represented by the R.sub.3, R.sub.5, or R.sub.7 include groups represented by the following formulae.
##STR00035##
[0118] In the formulae, * represents an attachment point.
[0119] Preferable examples of the R.sub.3, R.sub.5, and R.sub.7 include a methylene group from the viewpoint of the availability of raw materials.
[0120] The W.sub.2 represents a single bond or an organic group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, and examples include the groups represented by the following formulae.
##STR00036##
[0121] In the formulae, * represents an attachment point.
[0122] Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (B3) include the following, but are not limited thereto. In the following examples, R.sub.1 is a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the fluorine-containing groups represented by the formulae (B2-2). In addition, among the structures constituting the R.sub.1, when is the proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) and is the proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2), and satisfy the relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9.
##STR00037## ##STR00038## ##STR00039##
[0123] Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (B4) include the following, but are not limited thereto. In the following examples, R.sub.1 is a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the fluorine-containing groups represented by the formulae (B2-2). In addition, among the structures constituting the R.sub.1, when is the proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) and is the proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2), and satisfy the relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9.
##STR00040## ##STR00041##
[0124] Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (B6) include the following, but are not limited thereto. In the following examples, R.sub.1 is a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the fluorine-containing groups represented by the formulae (B2-2). In addition, among the structures constituting the R.sub.1, when is the proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) and is the proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2), and satisfy the relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9.
##STR00042##
[0125] Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (B8) include the following, but are not limited thereto. In the following examples, R.sub.1 is a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the fluorine-containing groups represented by the formulae (B2-2). In addition, among the structures constituting the R.sub.1, when is the proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) and is the proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2), and satisfy the relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9.
##STR00043## ##STR00044## ##STR00045## ##STR00046## ##STR00047## ##STR00048##
[0126] Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (B10) include the following, but are not limited thereto. In the following examples, R.sub.1 is a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the fluorine-containing groups represented by the formulae (B2-2). In addition, among the structures constituting the R.sub.1, when is the proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) and is the proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2), and satisfy the relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9.
##STR00049## ##STR00050## ##STR00051##
[0127] Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (B11) include the following, but are not limited thereto. In the following examples, R.sub.1 is a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the fluorine-containing groups represented by the formulae (B2-2). In addition, among the structures constituting the R.sub.1, when is the proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) and is the proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2), and satisfy the relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9.
##STR00052##
[0128] When the compounds have any structure shown above, it is possible to adjust thermal decomposability, surface active effect, and the flowability of a polymer, and the compounds have all of film-formability, filling property, and so forth with more certainty.
[0129] Furthermore, among the structures constituting the R.sub.1 in the general formula (B3), (B4), (B6), (B8), (B10), or (B11), when is the proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1), that is, PEG chains, and is the proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2), and satisfy the relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9. The relationships between and are preferably +=1, 0.150.4, and 0.60.85. When the proportions of the structures are in the above ranges, the compound can have a more sufficient ability to reduce surface tension for imparting a surface active effect, and better coating property can be realized. In addition, a suitable contact angle can be achieved even in a low-temperature region, where the compound is not thermally decomposed at the benzyl position, and it is possible to form an organic film on which a middle layer film, such as a silicon-containing middle layer film, can be formed with excellent coating property.
[0130] The proportion of PEG chains and the proportion of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) among the structures constituting the R.sub.1 in the aryl benzyl ether compound (B) can be confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or the like.
[0131] The aryl benzyl ether compound (B) preferably has a weight-average molecular weight of 1,000 to 30,000, more preferably 1,500 to 25,000. When the weight-average molecular weight is 1,000 or more, it is possible to suppress the degradation of a blending effect due to volatilization or the like, and a sufficient blending effect can be achieved. Meanwhile, when the weight-average molecular weight is 30,000 or less, there is no risk of flowability being degraded and so forth, and an excellent filling property can be achieved.
[0132] Note that, in the present invention, the weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the number-average molecular weight (Mn) are values measured in terms of polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using tetrahydrofuran as an eluent (solvent), and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) is calculated from the Mw and Mn.
[Method for Manufacturing Aryl Benzyl Ether Compound (B)]
[0133] Means for obtaining the aryl benzyl ether compound (B) of the present invention are not limited. However, examples include synthesis, as shown below, by a substitution reaction or the like of one or more of phenols and naphthols having a valency of b with a halogen compound represented by the following formula (2b-1) and with pentafluorobenzyl halide, 2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl halide, 3-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl halide, or 4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl halide performed in the presence of a base catalyst. One kind of the b-valent phenols or naphthols, one kind of the halogen compound represented by the following formula (2b-1), and one kind of the pentafluorobenzyl halide, 2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl halide, 3-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl halide, and 4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl halide used in this synthesis may be used, or two or more kinds thereof may be used. These can be selected appropriately and combined depending on the required properties. In the following formula, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, a, b, c, and n are as defined above, and X represents a Cl atom, a Br atom, or an I atom.
##STR00053##
[0134] Examples of the base catalyst used in this event include: inorganic basic compounds, such as sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate, cesium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydride, and potassium phosphate; and organic amine compounds, such as triethylamine, pyridine, and N-methylmorpholine. One of these base catalysts may be used or a combination of two or more kinds thereof may be used. The catalyst is preferably used in an amount of 0.1 to 20 mol, more preferably 0.2 to 10 mol, relative to 1 mol of the hydroxy groups in the b-valent phenols or naphthols as the raw material.
[0135] A solvent used in this event is not particularly limited as long as the solvent is inactive to the reaction. Examples thereof include: ether solvents, such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, and dioxane; aromatic solvents, such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; acetonitrile; dimethyl sulfoxide; N,N-dimethylformamide; N-methylpyrrolidone; and water. One of these solvents or a mixture of two or more kinds thereof may be used. These solvents can be used, for example, within a range of 0 to 2000 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the reaction raw material. The reaction temperature is preferably from 50 C. to approximately the boiling point of the solvent, further preferably room temperature to 150 C. The reaction time is appropriately selected from 0.1 to 100 hours.
[0136] Examples of methods for the reaction include: a method in which one or more of the phenols and naphthols, a halogen compound represented by the formula (2b-1), and pentafluorobenzyl halide, 2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl halide, 3-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl halide, or 4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl halide are charged in a solvent at once; a method in which each of one or more of the phenols and naphthols, a halogen compound represented by the formula (2b-1), and a pentafluorobenzyl halide, 2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl halide, 3-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl halide, or 4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl halide or a mixture thereof is dispersed or dissolved, and these are charged by adding dropwise; a method in which part of one or more of the phenols and naphthols, a halogen compound represented by the formula (2b-1), and a pentafluorobenzyl halide, 2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl halide, 3-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl halide, or 4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl halide is dispersed or dissolved in a solvent, and then the remaining raw materials, dispersed or dissolved in a solvent, are charged by adding dropwise thereto; etc. In addition, in a case where multiple kinds of one or more of the phenols and naphthols, multiple kinds of halogen compounds represented by the formula (2b-1), and multiple kinds of pentafluorobenzyl halide, 2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl halide, 3-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl halide, and 4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl halide are charged, the materials may be mixed together beforehand and allowed to react, or may be allowed to react individually in succession. In a case where a base catalyst is used, examples of methods include: a method in which the catalyst is charged at once with one or more of the phenols and naphthols, with the halogen compound represented by the formula (2b-1), and with the pentafluorobenzyl halide, 2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl halide, 3-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl halide, or 4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl halide; a method in which the base catalyst is dispersed or dissolved beforehand, and then added dropwise; etc.
[0137] To remove unreacted raw materials, the catalyst, etc. present in the system, the reaction solution obtained by a method described above with examples may be diluted in an organic solvent, then liquid-liquid separation washing may be performed, and the aryl benzyl ether compound (B) can be collected.
[0138] The organic solvent used in the liquid-liquid separation washing is not particularly limited, as long as it is capable of dissolving the compound and being separated into two layers when mixed with water. Examples of the organic solvent include: hydrocarbons, such as hexane, heptane, benzene, toluene, and xylene; esters, such as ethyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, and propylene glycol methyl ether acetate; ketones, such as methyl ethyl ketone, methyl amyl ketone, cyclohexanone, and methyl isobutyl ketone; ethers, such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, methyl-tert-butyl ether, and ethylcyclopentylmethyl ether; chlorinated solvents, such as methylene chloride, chloroform, dichloroethane, and trichloroethylene; mixtures thereof; and the like. As the water used for washing in this event, generally, what is called deionized water or ultrapure water may be used. The washing may be performed once or more, preferably approximately once to five times, because washing ten times or more does not always produce the full washing effects thereof.
[0139] In the liquid-liquid separation washing, the washing may be performed with a basic aqueous solution to remove unreacted raw materials or acidic components in the system. Specific examples of the base include hydroxides of alkaline metals, carbonates of alkaline metals, hydroxides of alkali earth metals, carbonates of alkali earth metals, ammonia, organic ammonium, etc.
[0140] Further, in the liquid-liquid separation washing, the washing may be performed with an acidic aqueous solution to remove unreacted raw materials, metal impurities, or basic components in the system. Specific examples of the acid include: inorganic acids, such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and heteropoly acid; organic acids, such as oxalic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, methanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid; etc.
[0141] The liquid-liquid separation washing may be performed with any one of the basic aqueous solution and the acidic aqueous solution, or can be performed with a combination of the two. The liquid-liquid separation washing is preferably performed with the basic aqueous solution and the acidic aqueous solution in this order from the viewpoint of removing the metal impurities.
[0142] After the liquid-liquid separation washing with the basic aqueous solution and/or acidic aqueous solution, washing with neutral water may be successively performed. As the neutral water, deionized water, ultrapure water, or the like mentioned above may be used. The washing may be performed once or more, but if the washing is not performed sufficiently, the basic components and the acidic components may not be removed in some cases. The washing is performed preferably approximately once to five times because washing ten times or more does not always produce the full washing effects.
[0143] Further, the reaction product after the liquid-liquid separation operation can also be collected as a powder by concentration and drying of the solvent under reduced pressure or normal pressure or by crystallizing the reaction product. Alternatively, the reaction product can be retained in a solution state with an appropriate concentration to improve the workability in preparing a composition for forming an organic film. The concentration at this point is preferably 0.1 to 50 mass %, more preferably 0.5 to 30 mass %. With such a concentration, the viscosity is hardly increased, so that the degradation of workability can be prevented; in addition, since the amount of the solvent is not excessive, the solution can be prepared economically.
[0144] The solvent in this event is not particularly limited, as long as it is capable of dissolving the compound. Specific examples of the solvent include: ketones, such as cyclohexanone and methyl-2-amyl ketone; alcohols, such as 3-methoxybutanol, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, 1-methoxy-2-propanol, and 1-ethoxy-2-propanol; ethers, such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol dimethyl ether, and diethylene glycol dimethyl ether; and esters such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, ethyl lactate, ethyl pyruvate, butyl acetate, methyl 3-methoxypropionate, ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate, tert-butyl acetate, tert-butyl propionate, and propylene glycol mono-tert-butyl ether acetate. One of these can be used or a mixture of two or more thereof can be used.
[0145] In the above-described reactions, one or more of the phenols and naphthols, a halogen compound represented by the formula (2b-1), and a pentafluorobenzyl halide, 2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl halide, 3-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl halide, or 4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl halide can be combined in accordance with the required performance. For example, it is possible optionally to use in combination a fluorine-containing substituent or the like for controlling surface tension and so forth to change the surface activating ability. Therefore, when a composition for forming an organic film containing such a compound is used for an organic film, it is possible to achieve high levels of various properties such as film-formability and filling property.
[Material (A) for Forming Organic Film]
[0146] The material (A) (resin or compound) for forming an organic film contained in the inventive composition for forming an organic film is not particularly limited as long as the material is a resin or compound that has sufficient film-formability in spin-coating and curability. From the viewpoints of etching resistance, optical characteristics, heat resistance, etc., a resin or compound including an aromatic skeleton (different from the aryl benzyl ether compound (B)) is preferable.
[0147] Examples of the aromatic skeleton include benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, pyrene, indene, fluorene, furan, pyrrole, thiophene, phosphole, pyrazole, oxazole, isoxazole, thiazole, pyridine, pyrazine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, triazine, carbazole, etc. Among these, benzene, naphthalene, fluorene, and carbazole are particularly preferable.
[0148] In the following, the material (A) for forming an organic film will be described with reference to specific examples, but these are simply examples, and the material is not limited thereto. In addition, the numbers of the formulae shown in the following examples are used only for explaining the following formulae.
[0149] Examples of the material (A) (resin or compound) for forming an organic film used in the present invention include resins containing the following structures, disclosed in JP 2012-001687 A and JP 2012-077295 A.
##STR00054##
[0150] In the formula (1), the cyclic structures Ar1 and Ar2 each independently represent a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring. X represents a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. m represents 0 or 1. n represents any natural number that provides a molecular weight of 100,000 or less. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formula apply only in this formula.
##STR00055##
[0151] In the formula (2), the cyclic structures Ar1 and Ar2 each independently represent a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring. n represents any natural number that provides a weight-average molecular weight of 100,000 or less as measured by gel permeation chromatography in terms of polystyrene. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formula apply only in this formula.
[0152] Further examples of the material (A) for forming an organic film used in the present invention include resins containing the following structures, disclosed in JP 2004-264710 A, JP 2005-043471 A, JP 2005-250434 A, JP 2007-293294 A, and JP 2008-065303 A.
##STR00056##
[0153] In the formula (3) and the formula (4), R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or an aryl group; R.sub.3 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a vinyl group, an allyl group, or an aryl group that is optionally substituted; n represents 0 or 1; and m represents 0, 1, or 2. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formulae apply only in these formulae.
##STR00057##
[0154] In the formula (5), R.sub.1 represents a monovalent atom other than a hydrogen atom or a monovalent group; and n represents an integer of 0 to 4. Here, when n is 2 to 4, the multiple R.sub.1's may be identical to or different from each other. R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each independently represent a monovalent atom or group. X represents a divalent group. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formula apply only in this formula.
##STR00058##
[0155] In the formula (6), R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group. R.sub.2 represents a single bond, a linear, branched, or cyclic alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and may have any of ether, ester, lactone, and amide. R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a glycidyl group. X represents any polymer of any of a hydrocarbon including an indene skeleton, a cycloolefin having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and maleimide, and may have any of ether, ester, lactone, and carboxylic anhydride. R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a methyl group, or a trifluoromethyl group. R.sub.7 represents a hydrogen atom, a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a hydroxy group, or an alkoxycarbonyl group. p and q each represent an integer of 1 to 4. r represents an integer of 0 to 4. a, b, and c each satisfy 0.5a+b+c1, 0a0.8, 0b0.8, 0.1a+b0.8, and 0.1c0.8. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formula apply only in this formula.
##STR00059##
[0156] In the formula (7), R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group; and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each independently represent a monovalent atom or a monovalent organic group. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formula apply only in this formula.
[0157] Further specific examples of the material (A) for forming an organic film used in the present invention include resins containing the following structures, disclosed in JP 2004-205685 A, JP 2007-171895 A, and JP 2009-014816 A.
##STR00060##
[0158] In the formula (8) and the formula (9), R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and optionally being substituted, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and optionally being substituted, an alkoxycarboxy group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and optionally being substituted, an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms and optionally being substituted, a hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an isocyanate group, or a glycidyl group. m and n each represent a positive integer. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formulae apply only in these formulae.
##STR00061##
[0159] In the formula (10), R.sup.1 and R.sup.6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group. R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group, a hydroxy group, an acetoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, or an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms; R.sup.5 represents a condensed polycyclic hydrocarbon group having 13 to 30 carbon atoms, OR.sup.7, C(O)OR.sup.7, OC(O)R.sup.7, or C(O)NR.sup.8R.sup.7; m represents 1 or 2; n represents an integer of 0 to 4; and p represents an integer of 0 to 6. R.sup.7 represents an organic group having 7 to 30 carbon atoms; R.sup.8 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Z represents a methylene group, O, S, or NH. a, b, c, d, and e each satisfy 0<a<1.0, 0b0.8, 0c0.8, 0d0.8, 0e0.8, and 0<b+c+d+e<1.0. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formula apply only in this formula.
##STR00062##
[0160] In the formula (11), n represents 0 or 1. R.sup.1 represents a methylene group that is optionally substituted, an alkylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms and optionally being substituted, or an arylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms and optionally being substituted. R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and optionally being substituted, or an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms and optionally being substituted. R.sup.3 to R.sup.7 each independently represent a hydroxy group, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and optionally being substituted, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and optionally being substituted, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms and optionally being substituted, an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms and optionally being substituted, or a glycidyl ether group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and optionally being substituted. R.sup.9 represents a hydrogen atom, a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl ether group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formula apply only in this formula.
[0161] Examples of the resin represented by the formula (11) include the following resins.
##STR00063##
[0162] Further examples of the material (A) for forming an organic film used in the present invention include resins containing the following structures, disclosed in JP 2007-199653 A, JP 2008-274250 A, and JP 2010-122656 A.
##STR00064##
[0163] In the formula (12), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical to or different from each other and each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms; R.sup.3 represents a single bond or a linear, branched, or cyclic alkylene group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and optionally has a bridged cyclic hydrocarbon group, a double bond, a heteroatom, or an aromatic group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms; R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a glycidyl group; and n represents an integer of 1 to 4. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formula apply only in this formula.
##STR00065##
[0164] In the formula (13), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical to or different from each other and each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms; R.sup.3 represents a single bond or a linear, branched, or cyclic alkylene group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and optionally has a bridged cyclic hydrocarbon group, a double bond, a heteroatom, or an aromatic group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms; R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a glycidyl group; and R.sup.6 represents a single bond or a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formula apply only in this formula.
##STR00066##
[0165] In the formula (14), the ring Z.sup.1 and the ring Z.sup.2 each represent a condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring; and R.sup.1a, R.sup.1b, R.sup.2a, and R.sup.2b are identical to or different from each other and each represent a substituent. k1 and k2 may be identical to or different from each other and each represent 0 or an integer of 1 to 4; m1 and m2 each represent 0 or an integer of 1 or more; and n1 and n2 each independently represent 0 or an integer of 1 or more. Here, n1+n21. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formula apply only in this formula.
##STR00067##
[0166] In the formula (15), R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are identical to or different from each other, and each represent a hydrogen atom, a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms. R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a glycidyl group; R.sup.5 represents a single bond or a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; and R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 each independently represent a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring. p and q each represent 1 or 2. n satisfies 0<n1. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formula apply only in this formula.
[0167] Examples of the resin represented by the formula (15) include the following resins.
##STR00068## ##STR00069## ##STR00070## ##STR00071##
[0168] Further examples of the material (A) for forming an organic film used in the present invention include resins containing the following structure, disclosed in JP 2012-214720 A.
##STR00072##
[0169] In the formula (16), the cyclic structures Ar1 and Ar2 each independently represent a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring. x and z each independently represent 0 or 1. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formula apply only in this formula.
[0170] Further examples of the material (A) for forming an organic film used in the present invention include resins disclosed in JP 2014-029435 A.
##STR00073##
[0171] In the formula (17), A represents a structure having carbazole, B represents a structure having an aromatic ring, and C represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or a structure having an aromatic ring, B and C optionally constituting a ring with each other. One to four carboxyl groups, a salt thereof, or a carboxylic acid ester group is contained in the combined structure of A, B, and C. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formula apply only in this formula.
[0172] Further examples of the material (A) for forming an organic film used in the present invention include polymers disclosed in WO 2012/077640 A1, the polymers containing a unit structure represented by the following formula (18) and a unit structure represented by the following formula (19), where the ratio of the unit structure represented by the formula (18) to the unit structure represented by the formula (19) is 3 to 97:97 to 3 by molar ratio.
##STR00074##
[0173] In the formula (18), R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a nitro group, an amino group, a hydroxy group, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, or a combination of the groups, optionally including an ether bond, a ketone bond, or an ester bond. R.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, or a combination of the groups, optionally including an ether bond, a ketone bond, or an ester bond. R.sub.4 represents a hydrogen atom, or an aryl group or heterocyclic group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms and optionally being substituted with a halogen atom, a nitro group, an amino group, or a hydroxy group; R.sub.5 represents a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, or heterocyclic group optionally substituted with a halogen atom, a nitro group, an amino group or a hydroxy group; and R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 may form a ring with each other. n1 and n2 each represent an integer of 1 to 3. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formula apply only in this formula.
##STR00075##
[0174] In the formula (19), Ar represents an aromatic ring group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms; R.sub.6 represents a hydroxy group; and R.sub.7 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a nitro group, an amino group, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, or a combination of the groups, optionally including an ether bond, a ketone bond, or an ester bond. R.sub.8 represents a hydrogen atom, or an aryl group or heterocyclic group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms and optionally substituted with a halogen atom, a nitro group, an amino group, or a hydroxy group; R.sub.9 represents a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with a halogen atom, a nitro group, an amino group, or a hydroxy group, an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms optionally substituted with a halogen atom, a nitro group, an amino group, or a hydroxy group, or a heterocyclic group optionally substituted with a halogen atom, a nitro group, an amino group, or a hydroxy group; and R.sub.8 and R.sub.9 may form a ring with each other. n6 represents an integer of 1 to p, n7 represents an integer of p-n6. Here, p is the maximum number of substituents with which the aromatic ring group Ar can be substituted. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formula apply only in this formula.
[0175] Further examples of the material (A) for forming an organic film used in the present invention include polymers containing a unit structure represented by the following formula (20), disclosed in WO 2010/147155 A1.
##STR00076##
[0176] In the formula (20), R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen group, a nitro group, an amino group, a hydroxy group, alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkenyl groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, aryl groups having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, and combinations thereof, the alkyl groups, the alkenyl groups, or the aryl groups optionally containing an ether bond, a ketone bond, or an ester bond; R.sub.3 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkenyl groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, aryl groups having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, and combinations thereof, the alkyl groups, the alkenyl groups, or the aryl groups optionally containing an ether bond, a ketone bond, or an ester bond; R.sub.4 represents an aryl group or heterocyclic group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms and optionally substituted with a halogen group, a nitro group, an amino group, or a hydroxy group; R.sub.5 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an aryl group or heterocyclic group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms and optionally substituted with a halogen group, a nitro group, an amino group, or a hydroxy group; R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 optionally form a ring together with the carbon atom bonded to R.sub.4 and R.sub.5; and n1 and n2 each represent an integer of 1 to 3. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formula apply only in this formula.
[0177] Further examples of the material (A) for forming an organic film used in the present invention include: novolak resins obtained by a reaction between one or more phenols, such as phenol, cresol, xylenol, catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, pyrogallol, hydroxyquinol, and phloroglucinol, and one or more aldehyde sources, such as formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde, and trioxane, in the presence of an acid catalyst; and resins containing a repeating unit structure represented by the following formula (21), disclosed in WO 2012/176767 A1.
##STR00077##
[0178] In the formula (21), A represents a hydroxy group-substituted phenylene group derived from polyhydroxybenzene; and B represents a monovalent condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring group in which two to six benzene rings are condensed. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formula apply only in this formula.
[0179] Further examples of the material (A) for forming an organic film used in the present invention include novolak resins having a fluorene or tetrahydrospirobiindene structure, disclosed in JP 2005-128509 A, JP 2006-259249 A, JP 2006-259482 A, JP 2006-293298 A, and JP 2007-316282 A, the novolak resins containing a repeating unit structure represented by the following formula (22-1) or (22-2).
##STR00078##
[0180] In the formula (22-1) and the formula (22-2), R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.6, and R.sup.7 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an allyl group, or a halogen atom; R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.3, and R.sup.9 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a linear, branched, or cyclic alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, or a glycidyl group; and R.sub.5 and R.sub.14 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms. n, m, p, and q each represent an integer of 1 to 3. R.sup.10 to R.sup.13 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a linear, branched, or cyclic alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formulae apply only in these formulae.
[0181] Further examples of the material (A) for forming an organic film used in the present invention include reaction products obtained by a method disclosed in JP 2012-145897 A. More specific examples include polymers obtained by condensing one or more compounds represented by the following general formula (23-1) and/or (23-2) and one or more compounds represented by the following general formula (24-1) and/or (24-2) and/or an equivalent thereof.
##STR00079##
[0182] In the general formula (23-1) and the general formula (23-2), R.sup.1 to R.sup.8 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, an isocyanato group, a glycidyloxy group, a carboxyl group, an amino group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an alkanoyloxy group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, or a saturated or unsaturated organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms and optionally being substituted. Furthermore, any two substituents selected from each of R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 or R.sup.5 to R.sup.8 may be bonded to each other within a molecule to form a cyclic substituent. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formulae apply only in these formulae.
##STR00080##
[0183] In the general formula (24-1) and the general formula (24-2), Q represents an organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms and optionally being substituted, and furthermore, any two Q's selected therefrom are optionally bonded with each other within a molecule to form a cyclic substituent. n1 to n6 each represent the number of each substituent, n1 to n6 are each independently 0, 1, or 2, and in the formula (24-1), hydroxybenzaldehyde is excluded. Meanwhile, in the formula (24-2), the relationships 0n3+n53, 0n4+n64, and 1n3+n44 are satisfied. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formulae apply only in these formulae.
[0184] Further examples also include polymers obtained by condensing one or more compounds represented by the general formula (23-1) and/or (23-2), one or more compounds represented by the general formula (24-1) and/or (24-2) and/or an equivalent thereof, and one or more compounds represented by the following general formula (25) and/or an equivalent thereof.
YCHO(25)
In the formula (25), Y represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 30 or fewer carbon atoms and optionally having a substituent, and the formula (25) is different from the general formula (24-1) and the general formula (24-2). Note that the definition of the symbol in the formula applies only in this formula.
[0185] Further examples of the material (A) for forming an organic film used in the present invention include compounds containing the following structure, disclosed in JP 2017-119671 A.
##STR00081##
[0186] In the formula (26-1), R represents a single bond or an organic group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms; X represents a group represented by any of the following general formulae (26-2); and m1 represents an integer that satisfies 2m110. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formula apply only in this formula.
##STR00082##
[0187] In the formulae, X.sup.2 represents a divalent organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; n1 represents 0 or 1; n2 represents 1 or 2; X.sup.3 represents a group represented by the following general formula (26-3); and n5 represents 0, 1, or 2. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formulae apply only in these formulae.
##STR00083##
[0188] In the formula, R.sup.10 represents a hydrogen atom or a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and a hydrogen atom on the benzene ring in the formula may be substituted with a methyl group or a methoxy group. Note that the definition of the symbol in the formula applies only in this formula.
[0189] Examples of the compounds containing the above-described structures include the following compounds.
##STR00084## ##STR00085## ##STR00086##
[0190] Further examples of the material (A) for forming an organic film used in the present invention include polymers having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (27-1), disclosed in JP 2019-044022 A.
##STR00087##
[0191] In the formula (27-1), AR1 and AR2 each represent a benzene ring or naphthalene ring optionally having a substituent. R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and when R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represent an organic group, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are optionally bonded to each other within a molecule to form a cyclic organic group. n represents 0 or 1; when n=0, AR1 and AR2 do not form a bridged structure between the aromatic rings of AR1 and AR2 via Z; when n=1, AR1 and AR2 form a bridged structure between the aromatic rings of AR1 and AR2 via Z; and Z represents a single bond or one of the following formulae (27-2). Y represents a group represented by the following formula (27-3). Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formula apply only in this formula.
##STR00088##
[0192] In the formula (27-3), R.sub.3 represents a single bond or a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; and a broken line represents an attachment point. Note that the definitions of the symbols in the formula apply only in this formula.
[0193] Examples of the polymers having a repeating unit represented by the general formula (27-1) include the following polymers.
##STR00089## ##STR00090## ##STR00091## ##STR00092## ##STR00093## ##STR00094##
[0194] The material (A) for forming an organic film may be synthesized by a known method, and a commercially available product may be used.
[0195] The amount of the material (A) for forming an organic film to be contained is not particularly limited as long as sufficient film-formability can be achieved on spin-coating with the composition for forming an organic film, but the material (A) for forming an organic film is preferably contained in an amount of 10 to 40 parts by mass, more preferably 10 to 30 parts by mass, and further preferably 10 to 25 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the composition for forming an organic film. For example, when a hole or trench, having a very high aspect ratio, of a 3D NAND memory architecture is to be filled with the composition for forming an organic film, the contained amount of the material for forming an organic film needs to be large. However, on the other hand, such a composition for forming an organic film is highly viscous, and in-plane uniformity after spin-coating and filling property are degraded. Even when the material (A) for forming an organic film is contained in such a proportion, the inventive composition for forming an organic film makes it possible to form an organic film having excellent in-plane uniformity and excellent filling property, and can therefore be applied suitably.
[0196] Meanwhile, the aryl benzyl ether compound (B) is preferably contained in an amount of 0.01 parts by mass to 5 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the material (A) for forming an organic film. A composition for forming an organic film containing the aryl benzyl ether compound in such an amount makes it possible to form an organic film with better in-plane uniformity.
[Solvent (C)]
[0197] The solvent (C) usable for the inventive composition for forming an organic film is not particularly limited as long as the solvent can dissolve the material (A) for forming an organic film and the aryl benzyl ether compound (B), and the solvent can preferably also dissolve the acid generator, crosslinking agent, a further surfactant, etc. described later. Specifically, it is possible to use a solvent having a boiling point lower than 180 C., such as the solvents disclosed in paragraphs (0091) and (0092) of JP 2007-199653 A, for example. In particular, preferable solvents are propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, 2-heptanone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, and mixtures of two or more thereof.
[0198] The solvent (C) is preferably contained in an amount of 200 to 10,000 parts by mass, more preferably 300 to 5,000 parts based on 100 parts by mass of the material (A) for forming an organic film. When the amount is in such a range, the concentration is adjustable in accordance with the desired film thickness.
[0199] Furthermore, the inventive composition for forming an organic film may also contain, as an organic solvent, being the solvent (C), a high-boiling-point solvent, having a boiling point of 180 C. or higher, in addition to the above-described solvent having a boiling point of lower than 180 C. (a mixture of a solvent having a boiling point of lower than 180 C. and a solvent having a boiling point of 180 C. or higher). Note that the boiling point herein is a boiling point at standard atmosphere (1013 hPa). The high-boiling-point organic solvent is not particularly limited to hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, esters, ethers, or chlorine-based solvents as long as the solvent is capable of dissolving the material (A) for forming an organic film and the aryl benzyl ether compound (B). Specific examples include 1-octanol, 2-ethylhexanol, 1-nonanol, 1-decanol, 1-undecanol, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 2,4-pentanediol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, 2,5-hexanediol, 2,4-heptanediol, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, glycerin, n-nonyl acetate, ethylene glycol monohexyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-2-ethylhexyl ether, ethylene glycol monophenyl ether, ethylene glycol monobenzyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, diethylene glycol monoisobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monohexyl ether, diethylene glycol monophenyl ether, diethylene glycol monobenzyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, diethylene glycol butyl methyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol monomethyl ether, triethylene glycol-n-butyl ether, triethylene glycol butyl methyl ether, triethylene glycol diacetate, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, tripropylene glycol dimethyl ether, tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether, tripropylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, tripropylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, triacetin, propylene glycol diacetate, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol methyl-n-propyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether acetate, 1,4-butanediol diacetate, 1,3-butylene glycol diacetate, 1,6-hexanediol diacetate, -butyrolactone, dihexyl malonate, diethyl succinate, dipropyl succinate, dibutyl succinate, dihexyl succinate, dimethyl adipate, diethyl adipate, dibutyl adipate, and the like. One of the solvents may be used or a mixture of two or more kinds may be used.
[0200] The boiling point of the high-boiling-point solvent can be selected appropriately in accordance with the temperature at which the material (A) for forming an organic film is heated, and the boiling point of the high-boiling-point solvent to be contained is preferably 180 C. to 300 C., further preferably 200 C. to 300 C. When the boiling point is as described, sufficient thermal flowability can be achieved, since there is no risk of excessive evaporation rate at the baking (heating) due to the boiling point being too low. Moreover, a solvent having such a boiling point does not remain in the film without evaporating even after the baking due to the boiling point being too high. Therefore, there is no risk of the solvent adversely affecting the physical properties, such as etching resistance, of the film.
[0201] Furthermore, when the high-boiling-point solvent is used, the amount to be blended is preferably 1 to 30 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the solvent having a boiling point of lower than 180 C. When the contained amount is as described, sufficient thermal flowability can be imparted at the time of baking, and there is no risk that the solvent remains in the film and leads to degradation of physical properties, such as etching resistance, of the film.
[0202] The above-described composition for forming an organic film is provided with both high filling property and excellent planarizing property by thermal flowability being imparted to the material (A) for forming an organic film by virtue of the high-boiling-point solvent being contained.
[Other Components]
[0203] In addition, the inventive composition for forming an organic film can contain an acid generator or a crosslinking agent for further promoting the crosslinking reaction. Acid generators include materials that generate an acid by thermal decomposition and materials that generate an acid by light irradiation, and any acid generator can be contained. Specific examples of the acid generator include those disclosed in paragraphs [0061] to [0085] of JP 2007-199653 A. One kind of the acid generator may be used, or two or more kinds thereof may be used in combination. When the acid generator is contained, the contained amount is preferably 0.05 to 50 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the material (A) for forming an organic film. When the amount is as described, it is possible to promote the crosslinking reaction and form a dense film.
[0204] Specific examples of the crosslinking agent include those disclosed in paragraphs [0055] to [0060] of JP 2007-199653 A. One kind of the crosslinking agent may be used, or two or more kinds thereof may be used in combination. The crosslinking agent is preferably contained in an amount of 1 to 100 parts by mass, more preferably 5 to 50 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the material (A) for forming an organic film. When the amount is as described, it is possible to enhance curability and further suppress intermixing with an upper layer film.
[0205] The inventive composition for forming an organic film can also contain an additional surfactant other than the aryl benzyl ether compound (B) of the present invention, in order to further improve in-plane uniformity in spin-coating. Specific examples of the additional surfactant include those disclosed in paragraphs [0142] to [0147] of JP 2009-269953 A. One kind of the additional surfactant may be used, or two or more kinds thereof may be used in combination. When the additional surfactant is contained, the contained amount is preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 5 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the material for forming an organic film. When the amount is as described, it is possible to form an organic film excellent in in-plane uniformity.
[0206] The inventive composition for forming an organic film can further contain a basic compound for enhancing storage stability. The basic compound serves as a quencher to an acid to prevent a very small amount of acid generated by the acid generator from promoting the crosslinking reaction. Specific examples of such a basic compound include those disclosed in paragraphs [0086] to [0090] of JP 2007-199653 A. One kind of the basic compound may be used, or two or more kinds thereof may be used in combination. When the basic compound is contained, the contained amount is preferably 0.05 to 50 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the material (A) for forming an organic film. When the amount is as described, it is possible to improve the storage stability of the composition for forming an organic film.
[0207] As described above, the inventive composition for forming an organic film is excellent in hump suppression at the time of an EBR process. Accordingly, the inventive composition for forming an organic film is extremely useful as a resist underlayer film material (organic film material) for multilayer resist processes such as two-layer resist processes, three-layer resist processes using a silicon-containing resist middle layer film or a silicon-containing inorganic hard mask middle layer film, and four-layer resist processes using a silicon-containing resist middle layer film or silicon-containing inorganic hard mask middle layer film and an organic antireflective film or adhesive film.
[Method for Forming Organic Film]
[0208] The present invention provides a method for forming an organic film to be used in a manufacturing process of a semiconductor device, the method including: spin-coating a substrate to be processed with the inventive composition for forming an organic film to obtain a coating film; and forming an organic film by heating the coating film at a temperature of 100 C. or higher and 600 C. or lower for 10 to 600 seconds to cure the coating film. For example, an organic film is formed by heating a substrate coated with the composition for forming an organic film in the above-described temperature and time ranges to cure the composition.
[0209] In this method for forming an organic film, firstly, the inventive composition for forming an organic film described above is applied onto a substrate to be processed by spin-coating. An excellent filling property can be obtained by using a spin-coating method. After removing a film on an edge portion in an EBR process, baking (heating) is performed in order to promote the crosslinking reaction. Incidentally, the solvent in the composition can be evaporated by this baking, and therefore, mixing can be prevented even when a resist upper layer film or a silicon-containing resist middle layer film is formed on the organic film.
[0210] The baking is performed at a temperature of 100 C. or higher and 600 C. or lower for 10 to 600 seconds, preferably at a temperature of 200 C. or higher and 500 C. or lower for 10 to 300 seconds, and particularly preferably at a temperature of 250 C. or higher and 500 C. or lower for 10 to 300 seconds. Considering influence on device damage and wafer deformation, the upper limit of the heating temperature in a wafer process of lithography is preferably 600 C. or lower, more preferably 500 C. or lower. By performing the heat treatment under such conditions, the crosslinking reaction can be promoted, and it is possible to form an organic film that does not mix with a film formed thereon.
[Patterning Process]
[0211] In the following, patterning processes using the inventive composition for forming an organic film will be described.
[Three-Layer Resist Process Using Silicon-Containing Resist Middle Layer Film]
[0212] The present invention provides a patterning process including: [0213] forming an organic film on a body to be processed by using the inventive composition for forming an organic film; [0214] forming a silicon-containing resist middle layer film on the organic film by using a silicon-containing resist middle layer film material; [0215] forming a resist upper layer film on the silicon-containing resist middle layer film by using a resist upper layer film material including a photoresist composition; [0216] forming a circuit pattern in the resist upper layer film; [0217] transferring the pattern to the silicon-containing resist middle layer film by etching while using the resist upper layer film having the formed circuit pattern as a mask; [0218] transferring the pattern to the organic film by etching while using the silicon-containing resist middle layer film having the transferred pattern as a mask; and [0219] further forming the pattern in the body to be processed by etching while using the organic film having the transferred pattern as a mask.
[0220] The body to be processed is preferably a semiconductor device substrate or the semiconductor device substrate coated with any of a metal film, a metal carbide film, a metal oxide film, a metal nitride film, a metal oxycarbide film, and a metal oxynitride film, for example. The body to be processed is not particularly limited, but more specifically, may be a substrate made of Si, -Si, p-Si, SiO.sub.2, SiN, SiON, W, TiN, Al, etc.; the substrate coated with the above-mentioned metal film or the like as a layer to be processed; etc.
[0221] Examples of the layer to be processed include various Low-k films made of Si, SiO.sub.2, SiON, SiN, p-Si, -Si, W, WSi, Al, Cu, AlSi, or the like; and stopper films thereof. Generally, the layer can be formed to have a thickness of 50 to 10,000 nm, particularly preferably 100 to 5,000 nm. Note that when the layer to be processed is formed, the substrate and the layer to be processed are formed from different materials.
[0222] Incidentally, the metal constituting the body to be processed preferably contains silicon, titanium, tungsten, hafnium, zirconium, chromium, germanium, copper, silver, gold, aluminum, indium, gallium, arsenic, palladium, iron, tantalum, iridium, molybdenum, or an alloy thereof.
[0223] When forming an organic film on the body to be processed by using the inventive composition for forming an organic film, the inventive method for forming an organic film described above can be adopted, for example, although the method is not limited thereto.
[0224] Subsequently, a resist middle layer film (silicon-containing resist middle layer film) is formed on the organic film by using a resist middle layer film material containing a silicon atom. As the resist middle layer film material containing a silicon atom, a polysiloxane-based middle layer film material is preferable. By imparting an antireflective effect to the silicon-containing resist middle layer film, reflection can be suppressed. Particularly, for 193-nm light exposure, when a material containing many aromatic groups and having high etching selectivity relative to the substrate is used as a composition for forming an organic film, the k-value and thus the substrate reflection are increased; in contrast, the reflection can be suppressed by imparting absorption to the silicon-containing resist middle layer film so as to have an appropriate k-value, and the substrate reflection can be reduced to 0.5% or less. As the silicon-containing resist middle layer film having an antireflective effect, a polysiloxane is preferably used which has an anthryl group for 248-nm or 157-nm light exposure, or a phenyl group or a light-absorbing group having a silicon-silicon bond for 193-nm light exposure in a pendant structure, and which is to be crosslinked by an acid or heat.
[0225] Subsequently, a resist upper layer film is formed on the silicon-containing resist middle layer film by using a resist upper layer film material containing a photoresist composition. The resist upper layer film material may be a positive type or a negative type, and a photoresist composition that is normally used can be used. After the spin-coating with the resist upper layer film material, pre-baking is preferably performed at 60 to 180 C. for 10 to 300 seconds. Then, light exposure, post-exposure baking (PEB), and development are performed according to conventional methods to obtain a resist upper layer film pattern. Note that the thickness of the resist upper layer film is not particularly limited, but is preferably 30 to 500 nm, particularly preferably 50 to 400 nm.
[0226] Subsequently, a circuit pattern (resist upper layer film pattern) is formed in the resist upper layer film. The circuit pattern is preferably formed by a lithography using light having a wavelength of 10 nm or more and 300 nm or less, a direct writing with electron beam, nanoimprinting, or a combination thereof.
[0227] Examples of exposure light include high-energy beams having a wavelength of 300 nm or less, specifically, deep ultraviolet ray, KrF excimer laser beam (248 nm), ArF excimer laser beam (193 nm), F.sub.2 laser beam (157 nm), Kr.sub.2 laser beam (146 nm), Ar.sub.2 laser beam (126 nm), soft X-ray (EUV) of 3 to 20 nm, electron beam (EB), ion beam, X-ray, etc.
[0228] Furthermore, the circuit pattern is preferably developed with an alkaline development or an organic solvent.
[0229] Subsequently, the pattern is transferred to the silicon-containing resist middle layer film by etching while using the resist upper layer film having the formed circuit pattern as a mask. The etching of the silicon-containing resist middle layer film performed while using the resist upper layer film pattern as a mask is preferably performed by using a fluorocarbon-based gas. Thus, the pattern (silicon-containing resist middle layer film pattern) is transferred to the silicon-containing resist middle layer film.
[0230] Subsequently, the pattern is transferred to the organic film by etching while using the silicon-containing resist middle layer film having the transferred pattern (silicon-containing resist middle layer film pattern) as a mask. The silicon-containing resist middle layer film exhibits etching resistance to oxygen gas or hydrogen gas, and therefore, the etching of the organic film performed while using the silicon-containing resist middle layer film pattern as a mask is preferably performed by using an etching gas mainly containing oxygen gas or hydrogen gas. Thus, the pattern (organic film pattern) is transferred to the organic film.
[0231] Subsequently, the pattern is formed in the body to be processed by etching while using the organic film having the transferred pattern (organic film pattern) as a mask.
[0232] This etching of the body to be processed (layer to be processed) can be performed by a conventional method. For example, a body to be processed made of SiO.sub.2, SiN, or silica low-dielectric insulating film is etched mainly with a fluorocarbon-based gas; and a body to be processed made of p-Si, Al, or W is etched mainly with a chlorine- or bromine-based gas. When the substrate is processed by etching with a fluorocarbon-based gas, the silicon-containing resist middle layer film pattern is removed when the body to be processed is processed. Meanwhile, when the body to be processed is processed by etching with a chlorine- or bromine-based gas, the silicon-containing resist middle layer film pattern needs to be removed by additional dry etching with a fluorocarbon-based gas after the processing of the body to be processed.
[0233] The organic film obtained by using the inventive composition for forming an organic film can be provided with excellent etching resistance when the body to be processed is etched as described above.
[Four-Layer Resist Process Using Silicon-Containing Resist Middle Layer Film and Organic Antireflective Film or Adhesive Film]
[0234] The present invention also provides a patterning process including: [0235] forming an organic film on a body to be processed by using the inventive composition for forming an organic film; [0236] forming a silicon-containing resist middle layer film on the organic film by using a silicon-containing resist middle layer film material; [0237] forming an organic antireflective film or an adhesive film on the silicon-containing resist middle layer film; [0238] forming a resist upper layer film on the organic antireflective film or the adhesive film by using a resist upper layer film material containing a photoresist composition; [0239] forming a circuit pattern in the resist upper layer film; [0240] transferring the pattern to the organic antireflective film or the adhesive film and to the silicon-containing resist middle layer film by etching while using the resist upper layer film having the formed circuit pattern as a mask; [0241] transferring the pattern to the organic film by etching while using the silicon-containing resist middle layer film having the transferred pattern as a mask; and [0242] further forming the pattern in the body to be processed by etching while using the organic film having the transferred pattern as a mask.
[0243] This method can be performed in the same manner as the three-layer resist process using the silicon-containing resist middle layer film, except that the organic antireflective film (BARC) or the adhesive film is formed between the silicon-containing resist middle layer film and the resist upper layer film.
[0244] The organic antireflective film and the adhesive film can be formed by spin-coating by using a known organic antireflective film material.
[Three-Layer Resist Process Using Inorganic Hard Mask Middle Layer Film]
[0245] The present invention also provides a patterning process including: [0246] forming an organic film on a body to be processed by using the inventive composition for forming an organic film; [0247] forming an inorganic hard mask selected from the group consisting of a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, and a silicon oxynitride film on the organic film; [0248] forming a resist upper layer film on the inorganic hard mask by using a resist upper layer film material containing a photoresist composition; [0249] forming a circuit pattern in the resist upper layer film; [0250] transferring the pattern to the inorganic hard mask by etching while using the resist upper layer film having the formed circuit pattern as a mask; [0251] transferring the pattern to the organic film by etching while using the inorganic hard mask having the transferred pattern as a mask; and [0252] further forming the pattern in the body to be processed by etching while using the organic film having the transferred pattern as a mask.
[0253] This method can be performed in the same manner as the three-layer resist process using the silicon-containing resist middle layer film, except that the inorganic hard mask middle layer film is formed instead of the silicon-containing resist middle layer film on the organic film.
[0254] The inorganic hard mask middle layer film selected from the group consisting of a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, and a silicon oxynitride film (SiON film) can be formed, for example, by a CVD method, an ALD method, etc. Examples of methods for forming the silicon nitride film are disclosed in JP 2002-334869 A, WO 2004/066377 A1, etc. The inorganic hard mask middle layer film preferably has a thickness of 5 to 200 nm, more preferably 10 to 100 nm. As the inorganic hard mask middle layer film, a SiON film, which has a high function as an antireflective film, is the most preferably used.
[Four-Layer Resist Process Using Inorganic Hard Mask Middle Layer Film and Organic Antireflective Film or Adhesive Film]
[0255] The present invention also provides a patterning process including: [0256] forming an organic film on a body to be processed by using the inventive composition for forming an organic film; [0257] forming an inorganic hard mask selected from the group consisting of a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, and a silicon oxynitride film on the organic film; [0258] forming an organic antireflective film or an adhesive film on the inorganic hard mask; [0259] forming a resist upper layer film on the organic antireflective film or the adhesive film by using a resist upper layer film material containing a photoresist composition; [0260] forming a circuit pattern in the resist upper layer film; [0261] transferring the pattern to the organic antireflective film or the adhesive film and to the inorganic hard mask by etching while using the resist upper layer film having the formed circuit pattern as a mask; [0262] transferring the pattern to the organic film by etching while using the inorganic hard mask having the transferred pattern as a mask; and [0263] further forming the pattern in the body to be processed by etching while using the organic film having the transferred pattern as a mask.
[0264] This method can be performed in the same manner as the three-layer resist process using the inorganic hard mask middle layer film, except that the organic antireflective film (BARC) or the adhesive film is formed between the inorganic hard mask middle layer film and the resist upper layer film.
[0265] Particularly, when a SiON film is used as the inorganic hard mask middle layer film, two antireflective films including the SiON film and the BARC make it possible to suppress the reflection even in liquid immersion exposure at a high NA exceeding 1.0. Another merit of forming the BARC is having an effect of reducing trailing of the resist upper layer film pattern immediately above the SiON film.
[0266] Here, an example of the inventive patterning processes according to a three-layer resist process is shown in
[0267] In the patterning process of this example, by humps being suppressed when the organic film 3 is formed, during the dry etching of
[0268] In a case where an inorganic hard mask middle layer film is formed, the silicon-containing resist middle layer film 4 can be changed to an inorganic hard mask middle layer film, and in a case where a BARC or an adhesive film is formed, the BARC or the adhesive film can be formed between the silicon-containing resist middle layer film 4 and the resist upper layer film 5. The etching of the BARC or the adhesive film may be performed continuously before the etching of the silicon-containing resist middle layer film 4; alternatively, after the BARC or the adhesive film alone is etched, the etching apparatus may be changed and so forth, and then the etching of the silicon-containing resist middle layer film 4 may be performed.
[0269] As described above, the inventive patterning processes make it possible to form a fine pattern in a body to be processed with high precision according to a multilayer resist process, and to suppress hump formation on an organic film, thus reducing defects derived from humps of the organic film.
[Surfactant]
[0270] The inventive surfactant includes the aryl benzyl ether compound (B) contained in the inventive composition for forming an organic film described earlier.
[0271] The inventive surfactant has a combination including a fluorine substituent of a structure represented by one of the formulae (B2-2) described earlier, and therefore, is excellent in in-plane uniformity and filling property, and makes it possible to form an organic film in which the formation of humps due to the effect of a remover in an EBR process has been suppressed. Therefore, the surfactant is suitable. Furthermore, by adjusting the proportion of the PEG chain having the structure represented by the formula (B2-1) and the proportion of the fluorine substituents having the structures represented by the formulae (B2-2) in the above-described ranges, the contact angle can be adjusted even in a low-temperature region, where the compound is not thermally decomposed at the benzyl position, by virtue of the sufficient presence of PEG chains, and therefore, it is possible to realize a composition for forming an organic film that makes it possible to form an organic film that can improve the coating property of a middle layer film, for example, a silicon-containing middle layer film, when applied to the organic film.
[0272] In the present invention, the aryl benzyl ether compound is preferably a compound represented by the general formula (B3), (B4), (B6), (B8), (B10), or (B11) described earlier.
[0273] A composition for forming an organic film containing such a surfactant has a suitable fluorine content, and therefore, can further improve film-formability at the time of application.
[0274] The aryl benzyl ether compound preferably has a weight-average molecular weight of 1000 to 30000.
[0275] When the weight-average molecular weight is in such a range, it is possible to form an organic film excellent in film-formability and filling property. Incidentally, the weight-average molecular weight can be determined by the method described earlier.
[0276] Uses for the inventive surfactant are not limited to uses for forming organic films, and the surfactant is also usable for the following purposes, for example.
[0277] The inventive surfactant is usable for coating materials for photolithography in general. Specific examples include photosensitive resist materials and materials for forming a top coat to be formed on a resist film.
[0278] In addition, the inventive surfactant unexpectedly functions as a wetting agent or flow agent in various aqueous or nonaqueous coatings or as a levelling agent. Examples of aqueous coatings include latex paints applied to glass, wood, metal, ceramic, and polymer base materials; and floor polish. Examples of nonaqueous or solvent-soluble coatings typically include enamel and varnish applied to the same base materials as those given above. Furthermore, the various fluorinated polar polymers described above are wetting agents, flow agents, or levelling agents useful for various powders and radiation-curable coatings. The fluorinated polar polymers exhibit their functions by reducing the surface tension of a coating to be lower than the surface tension of the base material to which the polymers are applied.
[0279] Further various fluorinated polar polymers can be used as additives for various products intended for consumers, for example, cleaners, shampoo, cosmetics, etc. or cleaning agents for furniture and glass, polishing agents for cars, etc.
[0280] Furthermore, the fluorinated polar polymers of the present invention can be used in coatings on various base materials for forming laminates.
[0281] Further end uses are not limited, but can be classified as follows, for example.
[0282] (1) Regarding paints and coatings, uses for improved wetting, improved levelling, and gloss, as flow modifiers, for improved contamination resistance, and wetting aid for Teflon (registered trademark).
[0283] (2) Regarding wax and polishing agents, uses for improved levelling and gloss, for improved wetting, and as wetting aid for Teflon (registered trademark).
[0284] (3) Regarding aqueous adhesives, uses for improved wetting and levelling, and as semi-release adhesives. The same is also true for nonaqueous adhesives.
[0285] (4) Regarding uses for various graphic arts, uses for improved levelling, decreased ink wicking, for photo emulsion wetting, and for improved cylinder life.
[0286] (5) For various polymer technology applications, such as mold release spray, emulsion polymerization, anti-fog agent, external lubricant, internal lubricant, coupling agent, wetting aid for Teflon (registered trademark), wetting agents for olefins and acrylics, and CaSO.sub.4 scale removal.
[0287] (6) Regarding electronic applications such as zinc battery scale inhibitor and a plating bath aid.
[0288] (7) For caulks to give improved levelling and anti-soiling.
[0289] (8) Regarding metal technology applications such as anti-corrosion, etch bath wetting, for cleaning and scale removal, and for degreasing.
[0290] (9) For various cleaning applications such as hair conditioning and rinses, for alkaline cleaners, for glass cleaner and defogging, for shampoos, and for solvent degreasing.
[0291] Further uses include floor polish emulsions; electrolytic conversion coatings; photographic processes; fluoropolymer emulsions; specialty inks; water-based coatings; solvent-based coatings; electronic etch baths; corrosion inhibitors; soldering systems; alkaline systems; and plastic preplate etchants.
[0292] That is, the inventive surfactant is useful not only for industrial uses but also for uses for daily necessities.
EXAMPLES
[0293] Hereinafter, the present invention will be further specifically described with reference to Synthesis Examples, Comparative Synthesis Examples, Examples, and Comparative Examples. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Note that, specifically, the molecular weight was measured in the following manner. Weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and number-average molecular weight (Mn) on polystyrene basis were measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using tetrahydrofuran as an eluent (solvent), and dispersity (Mw/Mn) was calculated therefrom.
[Synthesis of Aryl Benzyl Ether Compounds (B-1) to (B-18)]
[0294] For the synthesis of aryl benzyl ether compounds (B-1) to (B-18), used for the preparation of compositions (UDL-1 to -113) for forming an organic film in the Examples, the following phenol-based compounds (a1) to (a14) and bromo compounds (b1) to (b4) were used.
##STR00095## ##STR00096## ##STR00097##
[Synthesis Example 1] Synthesis of Aryl Benzyl Ether Compound (B-1)
##STR00098##
[0295] To 2.12 g of the phenol-based compound (a1) and 2.76 g of potassium carbonate, 60.0 g of DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) was added, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, the mixture was stirred at an internal temperature of 60 C. to form a homogeneous solution. After that, 1.63 g of triethylene glycol 2-bromoethyl methyl ether and 3.65 g of the bromo compound (b1) were added dropwise to the homogeneous solution over 5 minutes, and then a reaction was allowed to take place at an internal temperature of 60 C. for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, then 100 ml of methyl isobutyl ketone and 100 ml of pure water were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was homogenized, and then the separated aqueous layer was removed. Furthermore, the organic layer was washed twice with 100 ml of a 3% aqueous solution of nitric acid and five times with 100 ml of pure water, and then the organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. Thus, an aryl benzyl ether compound (B-1) was obtained.
[0296] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) were determined by GPC, and the following results were obtained.
(B-1): Mw=3990, Mw/Mn=2.81
[Synthesis Example 2] Synthesis of Aryl Benzyl Ether Compound (B-2)
##STR00099##
[0297] To 2.12 g of the phenol-based compound (a1) and 2.76 g of potassium carbonate, 60.0 g of DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) was added, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, the mixture was stirred at an internal temperature of 60 C. to form a homogeneous solution. After that, 2.71 g of triethylene glycol 2-bromoethyl methyl ether and 2.61 g of the bromo compound (b1) were added dropwise to the homogeneous solution over 5 minutes, and then a reaction was allowed to take place at an internal temperature of 60 C. for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, then 100 ml of methyl isobutyl ketone and 100 ml of pure water were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was homogenized, and then the separated aqueous layer was removed. Furthermore, the organic layer was washed twice with 100 ml of a 3% aqueous solution of nitric acid and five times with 100 ml of pure water, and then the organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. Thus, an aryl benzyl ether compound (B-2) was obtained.
[0298] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) were determined by GPC, and the following results were obtained.
(B-2): Mw=3850, Mw/Mn=2.84
[Synthesis Example 3] Synthesis of Aryl Benzyl Ether Compound (B-3)
##STR00100##
[0299] To 2.12 g of the phenol-based compound (a1) and 2.76 g of potassium carbonate, 60.0 g of DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) was added, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, the mixture was stirred at an internal temperature of 60 C. to form a homogeneous solution. After that, 0.54 g of triethylene glycol 2-bromoethyl methyl ether and 4.70 g of the bromo compound (b1) were added dropwise to the homogeneous solution over 5 minutes, and then a reaction was allowed to take place at an internal temperature of 60 C. for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, then 100 ml of methyl isobutyl ketone and 100 ml of pure water were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was homogenized, and then the separated aqueous layer was removed. Furthermore, the organic layer was washed twice with 100 ml of a 3% aqueous solution of nitric acid and five times with 100 ml of pure water, and then the organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. Thus, an aryl benzyl ether compound (B-3) was obtained.
[0300] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) were determined by GPC, and the following results were obtained.
(B-3): Mw=4100, Mw/Mn=2.77
[Synthesis Example 4] Synthesis of Aryl Benzyl Ether Compound (B-4)
##STR00101##
[0301] To 2.67 g of the phenol-based compound (a2) and 2.76 g of potassium carbonate, 60.0 g of DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) was added, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, the mixture was stirred at an internal temperature of 60 C. to form a homogeneous solution. After that, 1.36 g of diethylene glycol 2-bromoethyl methyl ether and 3.57 g of the bromo compound (b2) were added dropwise to the homogeneous solution over 5 minutes, and then a reaction was allowed to take place at an internal temperature of 60 C. for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, then 100 ml of methyl isobutyl ketone and 100 ml of pure water were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was homogenized, and then the separated aqueous layer was removed. Furthermore, the organic layer was washed twice with 100 ml of a 3% aqueous solution of nitric acid and five times with 100 ml of pure water, and then the organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. Thus, an aryl benzyl ether compound (B-4) was obtained.
[0302] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) were determined by GPC, and the following results were obtained.
(B-4): Mw=7510, Mw/Mn=5.45
[Synthesis Example 5] Synthesis of Aryl Benzyl Ether Compound (B-5)
##STR00102##
[0303] To 2.67 g of the phenol-based compound (a2) and 2.76 g of potassium carbonate, 60.0 g of DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) was added, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, the mixture was stirred at an internal temperature of 60 C. to form a homogeneous solution. After that, 2.27 g of diethylene glycol 2-bromoethyl methyl ether and 2.55 g of the bromo compound (b2) were added dropwise to the homogeneous solution over 5 minutes, and then a reaction was allowed to take place at an internal temperature of 60 C. for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, then 100 ml of methyl isobutyl ketone and 100 ml of pure water were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was homogenized, and then the separated aqueous layer was removed. Furthermore, the organic layer was washed twice with 100 ml of a 3% aqueous solution of nitric acid and five times with 100 ml of pure water, and then the organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. Thus, an aryl benzyl ether compound (B-5) was obtained.
[0304] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) were determined by GPC, and the following results were obtained.
(B-5): Mw=7340, Mw/Mn=5.53
[Synthesis Example 6] Synthesis of Aryl Benzyl Ether Compound (B-6)
##STR00103##
[0305] To 2.67 g of the phenol-based compound (a2) and 2.76 g of potassium carbonate, 60.0 g of DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) was added, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, the mixture was stirred at an internal temperature of 60 C. to form a homogeneous solution. After that, 0.45 g of diethylene glycol 2-bromoethyl methyl ether and 4.59 g of the bromo compound (b2) were added dropwise to the homogeneous solution over 5 minutes, and then a reaction was allowed to take place at an internal temperature of 60 C. for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, then 100 ml of methyl isobutyl ketone and 100 ml of pure water were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was homogenized, and then the separated aqueous layer was removed. Furthermore, the organic layer was washed twice with 100 ml of a 3% aqueous solution of nitric acid and five times with 100 ml of pure water, and then the organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. Thus, an aryl benzyl ether compound (B-6) was obtained.
[0306] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) were determined by GPC, and the following results were obtained.
(B-6): Mw=7780, Mw/Mn=5.29
[Synthesis Example 7] Synthesis of Aryl Benzyl Ether Compound (B-7)
##STR00104##
[0307] To 2.90 g of the phenol-based compound (a3) and 2.76 g of potassium carbonate, 60.0 g of DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) was added, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, the mixture was stirred at an internal temperature of 60 C. to form a homogeneous solution. After that, 1.82 g of diethylene glycol 2-bromoethyl methyl ether and 3.13 g of the bromo compound (b1) were added dropwise to the homogeneous solution over 5 minutes, and then a reaction was allowed to take place at an internal temperature of 60 C. for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, then 100 ml of methyl isobutyl ketone and 100 ml of pure water were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was homogenized, and then the separated aqueous layer was removed. Furthermore, the organic layer was washed twice with 100 ml of a 3% aqueous solution of nitric acid and five times with 100 ml of pure water, and then the organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. Thus, an aryl benzyl ether compound (B-7) was obtained.
[0308] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) were determined by GPC, and the following results were obtained.
(B-7): Mw=5160, Mw/Mn=2.88
[Synthesis Example 8] Synthesis of Aryl Benzyl Ether Compound (B-8)
##STR00105##
[0309] To 6.30 g of the phenol-based compound (a4) and 5.53 g of potassium carbonate, 60.0 g of DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) was added, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, the mixture was stirred at an internal temperature of 60 C. to form a homogeneous solution. After that, 2.17 g of triethylene glycol 2-bromoethyl methyl ether and 8.16 g of the bromo compound (b2) were added dropwise to the homogeneous solution over 10 minutes, and then a reaction was allowed to take place at an internal temperature of 60 C. for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, then 100 ml of methyl isobutyl ketone and 100 ml of pure water were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was homogenized, and then the separated aqueous layer was removed. Furthermore, the organic layer was washed twice with 100 ml of a 3% aqueous solution of nitric acid and five times with 100 ml of pure water, and then the organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. Thus, an aryl benzyl ether compound (B-8) was obtained.
[0310] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) were determined by GPC, and the following results were obtained.
(B-8): Mw=4720, Mw/Mn=2.52
[Synthesis Example 9] Synthesis of Aryl Benzyl Ether Compound (B-9)
##STR00106##
[0311] To 5.07 g of the phenol-based compound (a5) and 5.53 g of potassium carbonate, 60.0 g of DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) was added, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, the mixture was stirred at an internal temperature of 60 C. to form a homogeneous solution. After that, 3.25 g of triethylene glycol 2-bromoethyl methyl ether and 7.31 g of the bromo compound (b1) were added dropwise to the homogeneous solution over 10 minutes, and then a reaction was allowed to take place at an internal temperature of 60 C. for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, then 100 ml of methyl isobutyl ketone and 100 ml of pure water were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was homogenized, and then the separated aqueous layer was removed. Furthermore, the organic layer was washed twice with 100 ml of a 3% aqueous solution of nitric acid and five times with 100 ml of pure water, and then the organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. Thus, an aryl benzyl ether compound (B-9) was obtained.
[0312] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) were determined by GPC, and the following results were obtained.
(B-9): Mw=3800, Mw/Mn=2.93
[Synthesis Example 10] Synthesis of Aryl Benzyl Ether Compound (B-10)
##STR00107##
[0313] To 7.52 g of the phenol-based compound (a6) and 5.53 g of potassium carbonate, 60.0 g of DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) was added, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, the mixture was stirred at an internal temperature of 60 C. to form a homogeneous solution. After that, 2.72 g of diethylene glycol 2-bromoethyl methyl ether and 7.14 g of the bromo compound (b3) were added dropwise to the homogeneous solution over 10 minutes, and then a reaction was allowed to take place at an internal temperature of 60 C. for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, then 100 ml of methyl isobutyl ketone and 100 ml of pure water were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was homogenized, and then the separated aqueous layer was removed. Furthermore, the organic layer was washed twice with 100 ml of a 3% aqueous solution of nitric acid and five times with 100 ml of pure water, and then the organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. Thus, an aryl benzyl ether compound (B-10) was obtained.
[0314] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) were determined by GPC, and the following results were obtained.
(B-10): Mw=4120, Mw/Mn=3.39
[Synthesis Example 11] Synthesis of Aryl Benzyl Ether Compound (B-11)
##STR00108##
[0315] To 6.35 g of the phenol-based compound (a7) and 8.29 g of potassium carbonate, 60.0 g of DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) was added, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, the mixture was stirred at an internal temperature of 60 C. to form a homogeneous solution. After that, 3.25 g of triethylene glycol 2-bromoethyl methyl ether and 12.53 g of the bromo compound (b1) were added dropwise to the homogeneous solution over 20 minutes, and then a reaction was allowed to take place at an internal temperature of 60 C. for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, then 100 ml of methyl isobutyl ketone and 100 ml of pure water were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was homogenized, and then the separated aqueous layer was removed. Furthermore, the organic layer was washed twice with 100 ml of a 3% aqueous solution of nitric acid and five times with 100 ml of pure water, and then the organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. Thus, an aryl benzyl ether compound (B-11) was obtained.
[0316] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) were determined by GPC, and the following results were obtained.
(B-11): Mw=11900, Mw/Mn=6.59
[Synthesis Example 12] Synthesis of Aryl Benzyl Ether Compound (B-12)
##STR00109##
[0317] To 9.63 g of the phenol-based compound (a8) and 8.29 g of potassium carbonate, 60.0 g of DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) was added, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, the mixture was stirred at an internal temperature of 60 C. to form a homogeneous solution. After that, 5.45 g of diethylene glycol 2-bromoethyl methyl ether and 9.18 g of the bromo compound (b2) were added dropwise to the homogeneous solution over 20 minutes, and then a reaction was allowed to take place at an internal temperature of 60 C. for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, then 100 ml of methyl isobutyl ketone and 100 ml of pure water were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was homogenized, and then the separated aqueous layer was removed. Furthermore, the organic layer was washed twice with 100 ml of a 3% aqueous solution of nitric acid and five times with 100 ml of pure water, and then the organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. Thus, an aryl benzyl ether compound (B-12) was obtained.
[0318] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) were determined by GPC, and the following results were obtained.
(B-12): Mw=2680, Mw/Mn=1.88
[Synthesis Example 13] Synthesis of Aryl Benzyl Ether Compound (B-13)
##STR00110##
[0319] To 11.69 g of the phenol-based compound (a9) and 16.58 g of potassium carbonate, 60.0 g of DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) was added, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, the mixture was stirred at an internal temperature of 60 C. to form a homogeneous solution. After that, 8.18 g of diethylene glycol 2-bromoethyl methyl ether and 21.92 g of the bromo compound (b1) were added dropwise to the homogeneous solution over 30 minutes, and then a reaction was allowed to take place at an internal temperature of 60 C. for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, then 100 ml of methyl isobutyl ketone and 100 ml of pure water were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was homogenized, and then the separated aqueous layer was removed. Furthermore, the organic layer was washed twice with 100 ml of a 3% aqueous solution of nitric acid and five times with 100 ml of pure water, and then the organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. Thus, an aryl benzyl ether compound (B-13) was obtained.
[0320] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) were determined by GPC, and the following results were obtained.
(B-13): Mw=2020, Mw/Mn=1.36
[Synthesis Example 14] Synthesis of Aryl Benzyl Ether Compound (B-14)
##STR00111##
[0321] To 11.69 g of the phenol-based compound (a10) and 16.58 g of potassium carbonate, 60.0 g of DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) was added, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, the mixture was stirred at an internal temperature of 60 C. to form a homogeneous solution. After that, 9.76 g of triethylene glycol 2-bromoethyl methyl ether and 21.42 g of the bromo compound (b2) were added dropwise to the homogeneous solution over 30 minutes, and then a reaction was allowed to take place at an internal temperature of 60 C. for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, then 100 ml of methyl isobutyl ketone and 100 ml of pure water were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was homogenized, and then the separated aqueous layer was removed. Furthermore, the organic layer was washed twice with 100 ml of a 3% aqueous solution of nitric acid and five times with 100 ml of pure water, and then the organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. Thus, an aryl benzyl ether compound (B-14) was obtained.
[0322] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) were determined by GPC, and the following results were obtained.
(B-14): Mw=2230, Mw/Mn=1.29
[Synthesis Example 15] Synthesis of Aryl Benzyl Ether Compound (B-15)
##STR00112##
[0323] To 17.50 g of the phenol-based compound (a11) and 16.58 g of potassium carbonate, 60.0 g of DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) was added, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, the mixture was stirred at an internal temperature of 60 C. to form a homogeneous solution. After that, 8.18 g of diethylene glycol 2-bromoethyl methyl ether and 21.92 g of the bromo compound (b1) were added dropwise to the homogeneous solution over 30 minutes, and then a reaction was allowed to take place at an internal temperature of 60 C. for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, then 100 ml of methyl isobutyl ketone and 100 ml of pure water were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was homogenized, and then the separated aqueous layer was removed. Furthermore, the organic layer was washed twice with 100 ml of a 3% aqueous solution of nitric acid and five times with 100 ml of pure water, and then the organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. Thus, an aryl benzyl ether compound (B-15) was obtained.
[0324] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) were determined by GPC, and the following results were obtained.
(B-15): Mw=3730, Mw/Mn=1.63
[Synthesis Example 16] Synthesis of Aryl Benzyl Ether Compound (B-16)
##STR00113##
[0325] To 15.50 g of the phenol-based compound (a12) and 16.58 g of potassium carbonate, 60.0 g of DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) was added, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, the mixture was stirred at an internal temperature of 60 C. to form a homogeneous solution. After that, 9.76 g of triethylene glycol 2-bromoethyl methyl ether and 21.42 g of the bromo compound (b4) were added dropwise to the homogeneous solution over 30 minutes, and then a reaction was allowed to take place at an internal temperature of 60 C. for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, then 100 ml of methyl isobutyl ketone and 100 ml of pure water were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was homogenized, and then the separated aqueous layer was removed. Furthermore, the organic layer was washed twice with 100 ml of a 3% aqueous solution of nitric acid and five times with 100 ml of pure water, and then the organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. Thus, an aryl benzyl ether compound (B-16) was obtained.
[0326] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) were determined by GPC, and the following results were obtained.
(B-16): Mw=3150, Mw/Mn=2.46
[Synthesis Example 17] Synthesis of Aryl Benzyl Ether Compound (B-17)
##STR00114##
[0327] To 2.40 g of the phenol-based compound (a13) and 2.76 g of potassium carbonate, 60.0 g of DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) was added, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, the mixture was stirred at an internal temperature of 60 C. to form a homogeneous solution. After that, 1.63 g of triethylene glycol 2-bromoethyl methyl ether and 3.65 g of the bromo compound (b1) were added dropwise to the homogeneous solution over 5 minutes, and then a reaction was allowed to take place at an internal temperature of 60 C. for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, then 100 ml of methyl isobutyl ketone and 100 ml of pure water were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was homogenized, and then the separated aqueous layer was removed. Furthermore, the organic layer was washed twice with 100 ml of a 3% aqueous solution of nitric acid and five times with 100 ml of pure water, and then the organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. Thus, an aryl benzyl ether compound (B-17) was obtained.
[0328] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) were determined by GPC, and the following results were obtained.
(B-17): Mw=23350, Mw/Mn=1.21
[Synthesis Example 18] Synthesis of Aryl Benzyl Ether Compound (B-18)
##STR00115##
[0329] To 2.40 g of the phenol-based compound (a14) and 2.76 g of potassium carbonate, 60.0 g of DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) was added, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, the mixture was stirred at an internal temperature of 60 C. to form a homogeneous solution. After that, 1.36 g of diethylene glycol 2-bromoethyl methyl ether and 3.57 g of the bromo compound (b2) were added dropwise to the homogeneous solution over 5 minutes, and then a reaction was allowed to take place at an internal temperature of 60 C. for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, then 100 ml of methyl isobutyl ketone and 100 ml of pure water were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was homogenized, and then the separated aqueous layer was removed. Furthermore, the organic layer was washed twice with 100 ml of a 3% aqueous solution of nitric acid and five times with 100 ml of pure water, and then the organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. Thus, an aryl benzyl ether compound (B-18) was obtained.
[0330] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) were determined by GPC, and the following results were obtained.
(B-18): Mw=20490, Mw/Mn=1.14
Synthesis of Comparative Compounds (R.SUB.1.) to (R.SUB.6.)
[0331] For the synthesis of comparative compounds (R.sub.1) to (R.sub.6), used for the preparation of comparative compositions (comparative UDL-7 to -17) for forming an organic film, the following monomers (r1) to (r3) and bromo compounds (r4) and (r5) were used.
##STR00116##
[Comparative Synthesis Example 1] Synthesis of Comparative Compound (R1)
##STR00117##
[0332] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, to 7.45 g of the monomer (r1), 40.0 g of PGME (propylene glycol monomethyl ether) was added, and the mixture was stirred at an internal temperature of 110 C. to form a homogeneous solution. After that, 1.14 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid was added to the homogeneous solution, and a reaction was allowed to take place at an internal temperature of 110 C. for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, then 100 ml of methyl isobutyl ketone and 100 ml of pure water were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was homogenized, and then the separated aqueous layer was removed. After further washing five times with 100 ml of pure water, the organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. Thus, the target compound (R.sub.1) was obtained.
[0333] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) were determined by GPC, and the following results were obtained.
(R.SUB.1.): Mw=5020, Mw/Mn=3.11
[Comparative Synthesis Example 2] Synthesis of Comparative Compound (R2)
##STR00118##
[0334] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, to 2.16 g of the monomer (r2) and 0.54 g of the monomer (r3), 40.0 g of PGME (propylene glycol monomethyl ether) was added, and the mixture was stirred at an internal temperature of 110 C. to form a homogeneous solution. After that, 0.38 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid was added to the homogeneous solution, and a reaction was allowed to take place at an internal temperature of 110 C. for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, then 100 ml of methyl isobutyl ketone and 100 ml of pure water were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was homogenized, and then the separated aqueous layer was removed. After further washing five times with 100 ml of pure water, the organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. Thus, the target compound (R.sub.2) was obtained.
[0335] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) were determined by GPC, and the following results were obtained.
(R.SUB.2.): Mw=5700, Mw/Mn=3.55
[Comparative Synthesis Example 3] Synthesis of Comparative Compound (R3)
##STR00119##
[0336] To 2.12 g of the phenol-based compound (R.sub.1) and 2.76 g of potassium carbonate, 60.0 g of DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) was added, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, the mixture was stirred at an internal temperature of 60 C. to form a homogeneous solution. After that, 2.98 g of triethylene glycol 2-bromoethyl methyl ether and 2.35 g of the bromo compound (r4) were added dropwise to the homogeneous solution over 5 minutes, and then a reaction was allowed to take place at an internal temperature of 60 C. for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, then 100 ml of methyl isobutyl ketone and 100 ml of pure water were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was homogenized, and then the separated aqueous layer was removed. Furthermore, the organic layer was washed twice with 100 ml of a 3% aqueous solution of nitric acid and five times with 100 ml of pure water, and then the organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. Thus, an aryl benzyl ether compound (R.sub.3) was obtained.
[0337] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) were determined by GPC, and the following results were obtained.
(R.SUB.3.): Mw=3790, Mw/Mn=2.88
[Comparative Synthesis Example 4] Synthesis of Comparative Compound (R4)
##STR00120##
[0338] To 2.67 g of the phenol-based compound (R.sub.2) and 2.76 g of potassium carbonate, 60.0 g of DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) was added, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, the mixture was stirred at an internal temperature of 60 C. to form a homogeneous solution. After that, 2.50 g of diethylene glycol 2-bromoethyl methyl ether and 2.30 g of the bromo compound (r5) were added dropwise to the homogeneous solution over 5 minutes, and then a reaction was allowed to take place at an internal temperature of 60 C. for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, then 100 ml of methyl isobutyl ketone and 100 ml of pure water were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was homogenized, and then the separated aqueous layer was removed. Furthermore, the organic layer was washed twice with 100 ml of a 3% aqueous solution of nitric acid and five times with 100 ml of pure water, and then the organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. Thus, an aryl benzyl ether compound (R4) was obtained.
[0339] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) were determined by GPC, and the following results were obtained.
(R.SUB.4.): Mw=7330, Mw/Mn=5.55
[Comparative Synthesis Example 5] Synthesis of Comparative Compound (R5)
##STR00121##
[0340] To 2.12 g of the phenol-based compound (R.sub.1) and 2.63 g of potassium carbonate, 60.0 g of DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) was added, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, the mixture was stirred at an internal temperature of 60 C. to form a homogeneous solution. After that, 0.27 g of triethylene glycol 2-bromoethyl methyl ether and 4.96 g of the bromo compound (r4) were added dropwise to the homogeneous solution over 5 minutes, and then a reaction was allowed to take place at an internal temperature of 60 C. for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, then 100 ml of methyl isobutyl ketone and 100 ml of pure water were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was homogenized, and then the separated aqueous layer was removed. Furthermore, the organic layer was washed twice with 100 ml of a 3% aqueous solution of nitric acid and five times with 100 ml of pure water, and then the organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. Thus, an aryl benzyl ether compound (R.sub.5) was obtained.
[0341] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) were determined by GPC, and the following results were obtained.
(R.SUB.5.): Mw=4050, Mw/Mn=2.75
[Comparative Synthesis Example 6] Synthesis of Comparative Compound (R6)
##STR00122##
[0342] To 2.67 g of the phenol-based compound (R.sub.2) and 2.76 g of potassium carbonate, 60.0 g of DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) was added, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, the mixture was stirred at an internal temperature of 60 C. to form a homogeneous solution. After that, 0.23 g of diethylene glycol 2-bromoethyl methyl ether and 4.84 g of the bromo compound (r5) were added dropwise to the homogeneous solution over 5 minutes, and then a reaction was allowed to take place at an internal temperature of 60 C. for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, then 100 ml of methyl isobutyl ketone and 100 ml of pure water were added to the reaction solution and the mixture was homogenized, and then the separated aqueous layer was removed. Furthermore, the organic layer was washed twice with 100 ml of a 3% aqueous solution of nitric acid and five times with 100 ml of pure water, and then the organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. Thus, an aryl benzyl ether compound (R.sub.6) was obtained.
[0343] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the dispersity (Mw/Mn) were determined by GPC, and the following results were obtained.
(R.SUB.6.): Mw=7810, Mw/Mn=5.29
[Material (A) for Forming Organic Film (Resin or Compound)]
[0344] In the preparation of the compositions (UDL-1 to -113 and comparative UDL-1 to -17) for forming an organic film in the Examples and Comparative Examples, the following resins and compounds were used as materials (A) for forming an organic film. [0345] M1: a resin represented by the following formula (M1) [0346] M2: a resin represented by the following formula (M2) [0347] M3: a compound represented by the following formula (M3) [0348] M4: a compound represented by the following formula (M4) [0349] M5: a resin represented by the following formula (M5) [0350] M6: a resin represented by the following formula (M6)
##STR00123##
[Solvent (C)]
[0351] In the preparation of the compositions (UDL-1 to -113 and comparative UDL-1 to -17) for forming an organic film in the Examples and Comparative Examples, the following solvents were used as a solvent (C). [0352] (S1): propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate [0353] (S2): propylene glycol monoethyl ether
[Preparation of Compositions (UDL-1 to -113 and Comparative UDL-1 to -17) for Forming Organic Film]
[0354] One of the compounds (B-1) to (B-18) and (R.sub.1) to (R6), one of the materials (M1) to (M6) for forming an organic film, and one or both of the solvents given above were dissolved in the proportions shown in Tables 1 to 4. The mixture thus obtained was filtered through a 0.1-m filter made of a fluorinated resin to prepare each of compositions (resist underlayer film materials: UDL-1 to -113 and comparative UDL-7 to -17) for forming an organic film. Meanwhile, one of the materials (M1) to (M6) for forming an organic film and the solvent (S1) were dissolved in the proportions shown in Table 4. The mixture thus obtained was filtered through a 0.1-m filter made of a fluorinated resin to prepare each of compositions (resist underlayer film materials: comparative UDL-1 to -6) for forming an organic film.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 (A) (B) Material Aryl benzyl Composition for forming ether (C) (C) for forming organic film compound Solvent 1 Solvent 2 organic Parts Parts Parts Parts film Type by mass Type by mass Type by mass Type by mass UDL-1 (M1) 10.00 (B-1) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-2 (M1) 10.00 (B-2) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-3 (M1) 10.00 (B-3) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-4 (M1) 10.00 (B-4) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-5 (M1) 10.00 (B-5) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-6 (M1) 10.00 (B-6) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-7 (M1) 10.00 (B-7) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-8 (M1) 10.00 (B-8) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-9 (M1) 10.00 (B-9) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-10 (M1) 10.00 (B-10) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-11 (M1) 10.00 (B-11) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-12 (M1) 10.00 (B-12) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-13 (M1) 10.00 (B-13) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-14 (M1) 10.00 (B-14) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-15 (M1) 10.00 (B-15) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-16 (M1) 10.00 (B-16) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-17 (M1) 10.00 (B-17) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-18 (M1) 10.00 (B-18) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-19 (M1) 10.00 (B-1) 0.10 (S1) 62.93 (S2) 26.97 UDL-20 (M1) 10.00 (B-4) 0.10 (S1) 62.93 (S2) 26.97 UDL-21 (M1) 10.00 (B-8) 0.10 (S1) 62.93 (S2) 26.97 UDL-22 (M1) 10.00 (B-12) 0.10 (S1) 62.93 (S2) 26.97 UDL-23 (M1) 10.00 (B-4) 0.001 (S1) 90.00 UDL-24 (M2) 10.00 (B-1) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-25 (M2) 10.00 (B-2) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-26 (M2) 10.00 (B-3) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-27 (M2) 10.00 (B-4) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-28 (M2) 10.00 (B-5) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-29 (M2) 10.00 (B-6) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-30 (M2) 10.00 (B-7) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-31 (M2) 10.00 (B-8) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-32 (M2) 10.00 (B-9) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-33 (M2) 10.00 (B-10) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-34 (M2) 10.00 (B-11) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-35 (M2) 10.00 (B-12) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-36 (M2) 10.00 (B-13) 0.10 (S1) 89.90
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 (A) (B) Material Aryl benzyl Composition for forming ether (C) (C) for forming organic film compound Solvent 1 Solvent 2 organic Parts Parts Parts Parts film Type by mass Type by mass Type by mass Type by mass UDL-37 (M2) 10.00 (B-14) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-38 (M2) 10.00 (B-15) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-39 (M2) 10.00 (B-16) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-40 (M2) 10.00 (B-17) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-41 (M2) 10.00 (B-18) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-42 (M3) 10.00 (B-1) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-43 (M3) 10.00 (B-2) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-44 (M3) 10.00 (B-3) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-45 (M3) 10.00 (B-4) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-46 (M3) 10.00 (B-5) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-47 (M3) 10.00 (B-6) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-48 (M3) 10.00 (B-7) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-49 (M3) 10.00 (B-8) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-50 (M3) 10.00 (B-9) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-51 (M3) 10.00 (B-10) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-52 (M3) 10.00 (B-11) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-53 (M3) 10.00 (B-12) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-54 (M3) 10.00 (B-13) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-55 (M3) 10.00 (B-14) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-56 (M3) 10.00 (B-15) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-57 (M3) 10.00 (B-16) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-58 (M3) 10.00 (B-17) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-59 (M3) 10.00 (B-18) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-60 (M4) 10.00 (B-1) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-61 (M4) 10.00 (B-2) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-62 (M4) 10.00 (B-3) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-63 (M4) 10.00 (B-4) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-64 (M4) 10.00 (B-5) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-65 (M4) 10.00 (B-6) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-66 (M4) 10.00 (B-7) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-67 (M4) 10.00 (B-8) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-68 (M4) 10.00 (B-9) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-69 (M4) 10.00 (B-10) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-70 (M4) 10.00 (B-11) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-71 (M4) 10.00 (B-12) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-72 (M4) 10.00 (B-13) 0.10 (S1) 89.90
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 (A) (B) Material Aryl benzyl Composition for forming ether (C) (C) for forming organic film compound Solvent 1 Solvent 2 organic Parts Parts Parts Parts film Type by mass Type by mass Type by mass Type by mass UDL-73 (M4) 10.00 (B-14) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-74 (M4) 10.00 (B-15) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-75 (M4) 10.00 (B-16) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-76 (M4) 10.00 (B-17) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-77 (M4) 10.00 (B-18) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-78 (M5) 10.00 (B-1) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-79 (M5) 10.00 (B-2) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-80 (M5) 10.00 (B-3) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-81 (M5) 10.00 (B-4) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-82 (M5) 10.00 (B-5) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-83 (M5) 10.00 (B-6) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-84 (M5) 10.00 (B-7) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-85 (M5) 10.00 (B-8) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-86 (M5) 10.00 (B-9) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-87 (M5) 10.00 (B-10) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-88 (M5) 10.00 (B-11) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-89 (M5) 10.00 (B-12) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-90 (M5) 10.00 (B-13) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-91 (M5) 10.00 (B-14) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-92 (M5) 10.00 (B-15) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-93 (M5) 10.00 (B-16) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-94 (M5) 10.00 (B-17) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-95 (M5) 10.00 (B-18) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-96 (M6) 10.00 (B-1) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-97 (M6) 10.00 (B-2) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-98 (M6) 10.00 (B-3) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-99 (M6) 10.00 (B-4) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-100 (M6) 10.00 (B-5) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-101 (M6) 10.00 (B-6) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-102 (M6) 10.00 (B-7) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-103 (M6) 10.00 (B-8) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-104 (M6) 10.00 (B-9) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-105 (M6) 10.00 (B-10) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-106 (M6) 10.00 (B-11) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-107 (M6) 10.00 (B-12) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-108 (M6) 10.00 (B-13) 0.10 (S1) 89.90
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 (A) (B) Material Aryl benzyl Composition for forming ether (C) (C) for forming organic film compound Solvent 1 Solvent 2 organic Parts Parts Parts Parts film Type by mass Type by mass Type by mass Type by mass UDL-109 (M6) 10.00 (B-14) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-110 (M6) 10.00 (B-15) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-111 (M6) 10.00 (B-16) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-112 (M6) 10.00 (B-17) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-113 (M6) 10.00 (B-18) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 Comparative (M1) 10.00 (S1) 90.00 UDL-1 Comparative (M2) 10.00 (S1) 90.00 UDL-2 Comparative (M3) 10.00 (S1) 90.00 UDL-3 Comparative (M4) 10.00 (S1) 90.00 UDL-4 Comparative (M5) 10.00 (S1) 90.00 UDL-5 Comparative (M6) 10.00 (S1) 90.00 UDL-6 Comparative (M1) 10.00 (R1) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-7 Comparative (M2) 10.00 (R1) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-8 Comparative (M3) 10.00 (R1) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-9 Comparative (M4) 10.00 (R1) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-10 Comparative (M5) 10.00 (R1) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-11 Comparative (M6) 10.00 (R1) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-12 Comparative (M2) 10.00 (R2) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-13 Comparative (M2) 10.00 (R3) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-14 Comparative (M2) 10.00 (R4) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-15 Comparative (M2) 10.00 (R5) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-16 Comparative (M2) 10.00 (R6) 0.10 (S1) 89.90 UDL-17
[Preparation of Silicon Wafers Having Organic Cured Film Formed Thereon By Using Compositions (UDL-1 to -113 and Comparative UDL-1 to -17) for Forming Organic Film]
[0355] Using a coater/developer CLEAN TRACK LITHIUS Pro AP of Tokyo Electron Ltd., each of the compositions (UDL-1 to -113 and comparative UDL-1 to -17) for forming an organic film prepared above was respectively discharged in an amount of 2 ml onto a silicon wafer at the center. Then, the wafer was rotated at a rotational rate to achieve the average film thickness shown in Tables 5 to 8 to spread the composition, and then baking was performed at 350 C. Thus, a coating film of the composition for forming an organic film was formed. While rotating the silicon wafer at a rate of 1000 rpm, the remover-discharging nozzle was moved at a speed of 5 mm/s from the periphery of the silicon wafer to a position 3 mm from the center while discharging a remover (mixed solution of propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate and propylene glycol monomethyl ether (30:70, mass ratio)) at a discharge rate of 2 ml/s, and the remover was further discharged at that position for 5 seconds at a discharge rate of 2 ml/s. After that, the discharging of the discharged liquid was terminated, and the silicon wafer was further rotated at a rate of 1000 rpm for 30 seconds. Next, the silicon wafer was heated at 350 C. for 60 seconds. Thus, a silicon wafer having an organic film (organic cured film) of each example formed was obtained.
Solvent Resistance Evaluation: Examples 1-1 to 1-113 and Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-17
[0356] An organic film was formed on a silicon wafer according to the above-described method by using each of the compositions (UDL-1 to -113 and comparative UDL-1 to -17) for forming an organic film, and the film thickness of the organic film was measured. Subsequently, a PGMEA solvent was dispensed on each organic film, left to stand for 30 seconds, spin-dried, and baked at 100 C. for 60 seconds to evaporate the PGMEA, and then the film thickness of the organic film was measured. The absolute value of the value determined by (X.sub.1X)/X100 was obtained as a film thickness change rate (%), where X is the film thickness before dispensing the PGMEA solvent, and X.sub.1 is the film thickness after the PGMEA solvent was dispensed. When the film thickness change rate was lower than 0.5%, the composition was evaluated as Good, and when 0.5% or higher, Poor. Tables 5 to 8 below show the results.
In-Plane Uniformity Evaluation: Examples 1-1 to 1-113 and Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-17
[0357] An organic film was formed on a silicon wafer according to the above-described method by using each of the compositions (UDL-1 to -113 and comparative UDL-1 to -17) for forming an organic film, and the film thickness within a radius of 145 mm from the center of the organic film was measured. The value determined by (X.sub.maxX.sub.min)/X.sub.average was obtained as in-plane uniformity (%), where X.sub.max is the maximum value of the film thickness, X.sub.min is the minimum value of the film thickness, and X.sub.average is the average film thickness. When the in-plane uniformity was less than 2%, the composition was evaluated as A (good), when 2% or more to less than 3%, B, and when 3% or more, C (poor). Tables 5 to 8 show the results.
TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Composition Average for forming film Solvent In-plane organic film thickness resistance uniformity Example 1-1 UDL-1 500 nm Good A Example 1-2 UDL-2 500 nm Good B Example 1-3 UDL-3 500 nm Good A Example 1-4 UDL-4 500 nm Good A Example 1-5 UDL-5 500 nm Good B Example 1-6 UDL-6 500 nm Good A Example 1-7 UDL-7 500 nm Good B Example 1-8 UDL-8 500 nm Good A Example 1-9 UDL-9 500 nm Good A Example 1-10 UDL-10 500 nm Good B Example 1-11 UDL-11 500 nm Good A Example 1-12 UDL-12 500 nm Good A Example 1-13 UDL-13 500 nm Good A Example 1-14 UDL-14 500 nm Good A Example 1-15 UDL-15 500 nm Good A Example 1-16 UDL-16 500 nm Good A Example 1-17 UDL-17 500 nm Good A Example 1-18 UDL-18 500 nm Good A Example 1-19 UDL-19 500 nm Good A Example 1-20 UDL-20 500 nm Good A Example 1-21 UDL-21 500 nm Good A Example 1-22 UDL-22 500 nm Good A Example 1-23 UDL-23 500 nm Good A Example 1-24 UDL-24 500 nm Good A Example 1-25 UDL-25 500 nm Good B Example 1-26 UDL-26 500 nm Good A Example 1-27 UDL-27 500 nm Good A Example 1-28 UDL-28 500 nm Good B Example 1-29 UDL-29 500 nm Good A Example 1-30 UDL-30 500 nm Good B Example 1-31 UDL-31 500 nm Good A Example 1-32 UDL-32 500 nm Good A Example 1-33 UDL-33 500 nm Good B Example 1-34 UDL-34 500 nm Good A Example 1-35 UDL-35 500 nm Good A Example 1-36 UDL-36 500 nm Good A
TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Composition Average for forming film Solvent In-plane organic film thickness resistance uniformity Example 1-37 UDL-37 500 nm Good A Example 1-38 UDL-38 500 nm Good A Example 1-39 UDL-39 500 nm Good A Example 1-40 UDL-40 500 nm Good A Example 1-41 UDL-41 500 nm Good A Example 1-42 UDL-42 500 nm Good A Example 1-43 UDL-43 500 nm Good B Example 1-44 UDL-44 500 nm Good A Example 1-45 UDL-45 500 nm Good A Example 1-46 UDL-46 500 nm Good B Example 1-47 UDL-47 500 nm Good A Example 1-48 UDL-48 500 nm Good B Example 1-49 UDL-49 500 nm Good A Example 1-50 UDL-50 500 nm Good A Example 1-51 UDL-51 500 nm Good B Example 1-52 UDL-52 500 nm Good A Example 1-53 UDL-53 500 nm Good A Example 1-54 UDL-54 500 nm Good A Example 1-55 UDL-55 500 nm Good A Example 1-56 UDL-56 500 nm Good A Example 1-57 UDL-57 500 nm Good A Example 1-58 UDL-58 500 nm Good A Example 1-59 UDL-59 500 nm Good A Example 1-60 UDL-60 500 nm Good A Example 1-61 UDL-61 500 nm Good B Example 1-62 UDL-62 500 nm Good A Example 1-63 UDL-63 500 nm Good A Example 1-64 UDL-64 500 nm Good B Example 1-65 UDL-65 500 nm Good A Example 1-66 UDL-66 500 nm Good B Example 1-67 UDL-67 500 nm Good A Example 1-68 UDL-68 500 nm Good A Example 1-69 UDL-69 500 nm Good B Example 1-70 UDL-70 500 nm Good A Example 1-71 UDL-71 500 nm Good A Example 1-72 UDL-72 500 nm Good A
TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 Composition Average for forming film Solvent In-plane organic film thickness resistance uniformity Example 1-73 UDL-73 500 nm Good A Example 1-74 UDL-74 500 nm Good A Example 1-75 UDL-75 500 nm Good A Example 1-76 UDL-76 500 nm Good A Example 1-77 UDL-77 500 nm Good A Example 1-78 UDL-78 500 nm Good A Example 1-79 UDL-79 500 nm Good B Example 1-80 UDL-80 500 nm Good A Example 1-81 UDL-81 500 nm Good A Example 1-82 UDL-82 500 nm Good B Example 1-83 UDL-83 500 nm Good A Example 1-84 UDL-84 500 nm Good B Example 1-85 UDL-85 500 nm Good A Example 1-86 UDL-86 500 nm Good A Example 1-87 UDL-87 500 nm Good B Example 1-88 UDL-88 500 nm Good A Example 1-89 UDL-89 500 nm Good A Example 1-90 UDL-90 500 nm Good A Example 1-91 UDL-91 500 nm Good A Example 1-92 UDL-92 500 nm Good A Example 1-93 UDL-93 500 nm Good A Example 1-94 UDL-94 500 nm Good A Example 1-95 UDL-95 500 nm Good A Example 1-96 UDL-96 500 nm Good A Example 1-97 UDL-97 500 nm Good B Example 1-98 UDL-98 500 nm Good A Example 1-99 UDL-99 500 nm Good A Example 1-100 UDL-100 500 nm Good B Example 1-101 UDL-101 500 nm Good A Example 1-102 UDL-102 500 nm Good B Example 1-103 UDL-103 500 nm Good A Example 1-104 UDL-104 500 nm Good A Example 1-105 UDL-105 500 nm Good B Example 1-106 UDL-106 500 nm Good A Example 1-107 UDL-107 500 nm Good A Example 1-108 UDL-108 500 nm Good A
TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 8 Composition Average for forming film Solvent In-plane organic film thickness resistance uniformity Example 1-109 UDL-109 500 nm Good A Example 1-110 UDL-110 500 nm Good A Example 1-111 UDL-111 500 nm Good A Example 1-112 UDL-112 500 nm Good A Example 1-113 UDL-113 500 nm Good A Comparative Comparative 500 nm Good C Example 1-1 UDL-1 Comparative Comparative 500 nm Good C Example 1-2 UDL-2 Comparative Comparative 500 nm Good C Example 1-3 UDL-3 Comparative Comparative 500 nm Good C Example 1-4 UDL-4 Comparative Comparative 500 nm Good C Example 1-5 UDL-5 Comparative Comparative 500 nm Good C Example 1-6 UDL-6 Comparative Comparative 500 nm Good C Example 1-7 UDL-7 Comparative Comparative 500 nm Good C Example 1-8 UDL-8 Comparative Comparative 500 nm Good C Example 1-9 UDL-9 Comparative Comparative 500 nm Good C Example 1-10 UDL-10 Comparative Comparative 500 nm Good C Example 1-11 UDL-11 Comparative Comparative 500 nm Good C Example 1-12 UDL-12 Comparative Comparative 500 nm Good C Example 1-13 UDL-13 Comparative Comparative 500 nm Good C Example 1-14 UDL-14 Comparative Comparative 500 nm Good C Example 1-15 UDL-15 Comparative Comparative 500 nm Good A Example 1-16 UDL-16 Comparative Comparative 500 nm Good A Example 1-17 UDL-17
[0358] As shown in Tables 5 to 8, in Examples 1-1 to 1-113, where the inventive compositions for forming an organic film were used, organic films excellent in both solvent resistance and in-plane uniformity were obtained, but in Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-15 (comparative UDL-1 to -15) out of Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-17, where compositions not containing an aryl benzyl ether compound, contained in the inventive compositions for forming an organic film, were used, in-plane uniformity was poor. Therefore, in the following evaluations, UDL-1 to -113 and comparative UDL-16 and -17, which were excellent in both solvent resistance and in-plane uniformity, were considered.
Hump Suppression Property Evaluation: Examples 2-1 to 2-113 and Comparative Examples 2-1 and 2-2
[0359] An organic film was formed on a silicon wafer according to the above-described method by using each of the compositions (UDL-1 to -113 and comparative UDL-16 and -17) for forming an organic film, and the variation in height from the peripheral edge of the organic film towards the center of the silicon wafer to a position of 1000 m was measured by using Alpha-Step D-600 (a stylus profiler) manufactured by KLA corporation. The height of the silicon wafer was regarded as 0, and when the maximum height was less than 110% of the film thickness as shown in
Filling Property Evaluation: Examples 2-1 to 2-113 and Comparative Examples 2-1 and 2-2
[0360] As shown in
Silicon-Containing Resist Middle Layer Film Coating Property Evaluation: Examples 2-1 to 2-113 and Comparative Examples 2-1 and 2-2
[0361] An organic film was formed respectively on a silicon wafer substrate by using each of the compositions (UDL-1 to -113 and comparative UDL-16 and -17) for forming an organic film according to the above-described method, the silicon-containing resist middle layer film material (SOG1) described below was applied thereto, and baking was performed at 200 C. for 60 seconds to form a silicon-containing resist middle layer film. Then, the condition of the coating film of the silicon-containing resist middle layer film was visually observed and evaluated.
[0362] When the condition of the coating film of the silicon-containing resist middle layer film was good, the composition was evaluated as Good, and when dewetting had occurred, as Poor.
[0363] Note that, in this evaluation, to evaluate whether the coatability of the silicon-containing resist middle layer film is excellent or not, the thickness of the silicon-containing resist middle layer film was set to 10 nm, and this is a severe evaluation condition. Tables 9 to 12 show the results.
[0364] As the silicon-containing resist middle layer film material (SOG1), a solution of the following polymer in propylene glycol ethyl ether was prepared. The polymer solution used in the silicon-containing resist middle layer film coating property evaluation was 0.5 mass %.
##STR00124##
Contact Angle Evaluation: Examples 2-1 to 2-113 and Comparative Examples 2-1 and 2-2
[0365] An organic film was formed respectively on a silicon wafer substrate by using each of the compositions (UDL-1 to -113 and comparative UDL-16 and -17) for forming an organic film according to the above-described method, and the contact angle with pure water was measured. Tables 9 to 12 show the results.
TABLE-US-00009 TABLE 9 Silicon- containing resist middle Hump layer film Composition suppression Filling coating Contact for forming property property property angle organic film evaluation evaluation evaluation evaluation Example 2-1 UDL-1 A Good Good 54 Example 2-2 UDL-2 A Good Good 52 Example 2-3 UDL-3 A Good Good 56 Example 2-4 UDL-4 A Good Good 54 Example 2-5 UDL-5 A Good Good 53 Example 2-6 UDL-6 A Good Good 55 Example 2-7 UDL-7 A Good Good 63 Example 2-8 UDL-8 A Good Good 64 Example 2-9 UDL-9 A Good Good 58 Example 2-10 UDL-10 A Good Good 60 Example 2-11 UDL-11 A Good Good 61 Example 2-12 UDL-12 A Good Good 64 Example 2-13 UDL-13 A Good Good 63 Example 2-14 UDL-14 A Good Good 60 Example 2-15 UDL-15 A Good Good 60 Example 2-16 UDL-16 A Good Good 56 Example 2-17 UDL-17 A Good Good 55 Example 2-18 UDL-18 A Good Good 55 Example 2-19 UDL-19 A Good Good 54 Example 2-20 UDL-20 A Good Good 54 Example 2-21 UDL-21 A Good Good 64 Example 2-22 UDL-22 A Good Good 64 Example 2-23 UDL-23 A Good Good 59 Example 2-24 UDL-24 A Good Good 54 Example 2-25 UDL-25 A Good Good 52 Example 2-26 UDL-26 A Good Good 56 Example 2-27 UDL-27 A Good Good 54 Example 2-28 UDL-28 A Good Good 53 Example 2-29 UDL-29 A Good Good 55 Example 2-30 UDL-30 A Good Good 63 Example 2-31 UDL-31 A Good Good 64 Example 2-32 UDL-32 A Good Good 58 Example 2-33 UDL-33 A Good Good 60 Example 2-34 UDL-34 A Good Good 61 Example 2-35 UDL-35 A Good Good 64 Example 2-36 UDL-36 A Good Good 63
TABLE-US-00010 TABLE 10 Silicon- containing resist middle Hump layer film Composition suppression Filling coating Contact for forming property property property angle organic film evaluation evaluation evaluation evaluation Example 2-37 UDL-37 A Good Good 60 Example 2-38 UDL-38 A Good Good 60 Example 2-39 UDL-39 A Good Good 56 Example 2-40 UDL-40 A Good Good 55 Example 2-41 UDL-41 A Good Good 55 Example 2-42 UDL-42 A Good Good 54 Example 2-43 UDL-43 A Good Good 52 Example 2-44 UDL-44 A Good Good 56 Example 2-45 UDL-45 A Good Good 54 Example 2-46 UDL-46 A Good Good 53 Example 2-47 UDL-47 A Good Good 55 Example 2-48 UDL-48 A Good Good 63 Example 2-49 UDL-49 A Good Good 64 Example 2-50 UDL-50 A Good Good 58 Example 2-51 UDL-51 A Good Good 60 Example 2-52 UDL-52 A Good Good 61 Example 2-53 UDL-53 A Good Good 64 Example 2-54 UDL-54 A Good Good 63 Example 2-55 UDL-55 A Good Good 60 Example 2-56 UDL-56 A Good Good 60 Example 2-57 UDL-57 A Good Good 56 Example 2-58 UDL-58 A Good Good 55 Example 2-59 UDL-59 A Good Good 55 Example 2-60 UDL-60 A Good Good 54 Example 2-61 UDL-61 A Good Good 52 Example 2-62 UDL-62 A Good Good 56 Example 2-63 UDL-63 A Good Good 54 Example 2-64 UDL-64 A Good Good 53 Example 2-65 UDL-65 A Good Good 55 Example 2-66 UDL-66 A Good Good 63 Example 2-67 UDL-67 A Good Good 64 Example 2-68 UDL-68 A Good Good 58 Example 2-69 UDL-69 A Good Good 60 Example 2-70 UDL-70 A Good Good 61 Example 2-71 UDL-71 A Good Good 64 Example 2-72 UDL-72 A Good Good 63
TABLE-US-00011 TABLE 11 Silicon- containing resist middle Hump layer film Composition suppression Filling coating Contact for forming property property property angle organic film evaluation evaluation evaluation evaluation Example 2-73 UDL-73 A Good Good 60 Example 2-74 UDL-74 A Good Good 60 Example 2-75 UDL-75 A Good Good 56 Example 2-76 UDL-76 A Good Good 55 Example 2-77 UDL-77 A Good Good 55 Example 2-78 UDL-78 A Good Good 54 Example 2-79 UDL-79 A Good Good 52 Example 2-80 UDL-80 A Good Good 56 Example 2-81 UDL-81 A Good Good 54 Example 2-82 UDL-82 A Good Good 53 Example 2-83 UDL-83 A Good Good 55 Example 2-84 UDL-84 A Good Good 63 Example 2-85 UDL-85 A Good Good 64 Example 2-86 UDL-86 A Good Good 58 Example 2-87 UDL-87 A Good Good 60 Example 2-88 UDL-88 A Good Good 61 Example 2-89 UDL-89 A Good Good 64 Example 2-90 UDL-90 A Good Good 63 Example 2-91 UDL-91 A Good Good 60 Example 2-92 UDL-92 A Good Good 60 Example 2-93 UDL-93 A Good Good 56 Example 2-94 UDL-94 A Good Good 55 Example 2-95 UDL-95 A Good Good 55 Example 2-96 UDL-96 A Good Good 54 Example 2-97 UDL-97 A Good Good 52 Example 2-98 UDL-98 A Good Good 56 Example 2-99 UDL-99 A Good Good 54 Example 2-100 UDL-100 A Good Good 53 Example 2-101 UDL-101 A Good Good 55 Example 2-102 UDL-102 A Good Good 63 Example 2-103 UDL-103 A Good Good 64 Example 2-104 UDL-104 A Good Good 58 Example 2-105 UDL-105 A Good Good 60 Example 2-106 UDL-106 A Good Good 61 Example 2-107 UDL-107 A Good Good 64 Example 2-108 UDL-108 A Good Good 63
TABLE-US-00012 TABLE 12 Silicon- containing resist middle Hump layer film Composition suppression Filling coating Contact for forming property property property angle organic film evaluation evaluation evaluation evaluation Example 2-109 UDL-109 A Good Good 60 Example 2-110 UDL-110 A Good Good 60 Example 2-111 UDL-111 A Good Good 56 Example 2-112 UDL-112 A Good Good 55 Example 2-113 UDL-113 A Good Good 55 Comparative Comparative A Good Good 57 Example 2-1 UDL-16 Comparative Comparative A Good Good 55 Example 2-2 UDL-17
[0366] As shown in Tables 9 to 12, it was confirmed that the inventive compositions (UDL-1 to -113) for forming an organic film were excellent in solvent resistance, in-plane uniformity, hump suppression property, filling property, and the coating property of the silicon-containing resist middle layer film. In addition, the contact angle was between 52 and 64 degrees.
Comparison of Contact Angle Evaluation with Baking at 250 C. and Baking at 350 C.: Examples 3-1 to 3-54 and Comparative Examples 3-1 and 3-2
[0367] An organic film was formed respectively on a silicon wafer substrate by using each of the compositions (UDL-24 to -77 and comparative UDL-16 and -17) for forming an organic film according to the same method as the method described above except that the silicon wafer coated with the composition for forming an organic film was heated at 250 C. for 60 seconds, and the contact angle with pure water was measured. Tables 13 and 14 show the results.
[0368] Incidentally, as the compositions for forming an organic film, selected were resins for forming an organic film to achieve good results on performing the solvent resistance evaluation with baking at 250 C. in the same manner as in the above-described method. Tables 13 and 14 show the results.
[0369] Meanwhile, the results of the contact angle evaluation with baking at 350 C. are those obtained in Example 2.
Comparison of Silicon-Containing Resist Middle Layer Film Coating Property Evaluation with Baking at 250 C. and Baking at 350 C.: Examples 3-1 to 3-54 and Comparative Examples 3-1 and 3-2
[0370] An organic film was formed respectively on a silicon wafer substrate by using each of the compositions (UDL-24 to -77 and comparative UDL-16 and -17) for forming an organic film according to the same method as the method described above except that the silicon wafer coated with the composition for forming an organic film was heated at 250 C. for 60 seconds, the silicon-containing resist middle layer film material (SOG1) described below was applied thereto, and baking was performed at 200 C. for 60 seconds to form a silicon-containing resist middle layer film. Then, the condition of the coating film of the silicon-containing resist middle layer film was visually observed and evaluated.
[0371] When the condition of the coating film was good, the composition was evaluated as Good, and when dewetting had occurred, as Poor.
[0372] Note that, in this evaluation, to evaluate whether the coatability of the silicon-containing resist middle layer film is excellent or not, the thickness of the silicon-containing resist middle layer film was set to 10 nm, and this is a severe evaluation condition. Tables 13 and 14 show the results.
[0373] Meanwhile, the results of the silicon-containing resist middle layer film coating property evaluation with baking at 350 C. shown in Tables 13 and 14 are those obtained in Examples 2.
[0374] As the silicon-containing resist middle layer film material (SOG1), a solution of the same polymer as that used in Examples 2 in propylene glycol ethyl ether was prepared. The polymer solution used in the silicon-containing resist middle layer film coating property evaluation was 0.5 mass %.
TABLE-US-00013 TABLE 13 Baking at 250 C. Baking at 350 C. Silicon-containing Silicon-containing resist middle resist middle Composition layer film Contact layer film Contact for forming Solvent coating property angle coating property angle organic film resistance evaluation evaluation evaluation evaluation Example 3-1 UDL-24 Good Good 70 Good 54 Example 3-2 UDL-25 Good Good 64 Good 52 Example 3-3 UDL-26 Good Good 79 Good 56 Example 3-4 UDL-27 Good Good 72 Good 54 Example 3-5 UDL-28 Good Good 66 Good 53 Example 3-6 UDL-29 Good Good 79 Good 55 Example 3-7 UDL-30 Good Good 76 Good 63 Example 3-8 UDL-31 Good Good 77 Good 64 Example 3-9 UDL-32 Good Good 72 Good 58 Example 3-10 UDL-33 Good Good 76 Good 60 Example 3-11 UDL-34 Good Good 78 Good 61 Example 3-12 UDL-35 Good Good 76 Good 64 Example 3-13 UDL-36 Good Good 76 Good 63 Example 3-14 UDL-37 Good Good 77 Good 60 Example 3-15 UDL-38 Good Good 79 Good 60 Example 3-16 UDL-39 Good Good 73 Good 56 Example 3-17 UDL-40 Good Good 74 Good 55 Example 3-18 UDL-41 Good Good 74 Good 55 Example 3-19 UDL-42 Good Good 70 Good 54 Example 3-20 UDL-43 Good Good 64 Good 52 Example 3-21 UDL-44 Good Good 79 Good 56 Example 3-22 UDL-45 Good Good 72 Good 54 Example 3-23 UDL-46 Good Good 66 Good 53 Example 3-24 UDL-47 Good Good 79 Good 55 Example 3-25 UDL-48 Good Good 76 Good 63 Example 3-26 UDL-49 Good Good 77 Good 64 Example 3-27 UDL-50 Good Good 72 Good 58 Example 3-28 UDL-51 Good Good 76 Good 60 Example 3-29 UDL-52 Good Good 78 Good 61 Example 3-30 UDL-53 Good Good 76 Good 64 Example 3-31 UDL-54 Good Good 76 Good 63 Example 3-32 UDL-55 Good Good 77 Good 60 Example 3-33 UDL-56 Good Good 78 Good 60 Example 3-34 UDL-57 Good Good 73 Good 56 Example 3-35 UDL-58 Good Good 74 Good 55 Example 3-36 UDL-59 Good Good 74 Good 55
TABLE-US-00014 TABLE 14 Baking at 250 C. Baking at 350 C. Silicon-containing Silicon-containing resist middle resist middle Composition layer film Contact layer film Contact for forming Solvent coating property angle coating property angle organic film resistance evaluation evaluation evaluation evaluation Example 3-37 UDL-60 Good Good 70 Good 54 Example 3-38 UDL-61 Good Good 64 Good 52 Example 3-39 UDL-62 Good Good 79 Good 56 Example 3-40 UDL-63 Good Good 72 Good 54 Example 3-41 UDL-64 Good Good 66 Good 53 Example 3-42 UDL-65 Good Good 79 Good 55 Example 3-43 UDL-66 Good Good 76 Good 63 Example 3-44 UDL-67 Good Good 77 Good 64 Example 3-45 UDL-68 Good Good 72 Good 58 Example 3-46 UDL-69 Good Good 76 Good 60 Example 3-47 UDL-70 Good Good 78 Good 61 Example 3-48 UDL-71 Good Good 76 Good 64 Example 3-49 UDL-72 Good Good 76 Good 63 Example 3-50 UDL-73 Good Good 77 Good 60 Example 3-51 UDL-74 Good Good 78 Good 60 Example 3-52 UDL-75 Good Good 73 Good 56 Example 3-53 UDL-76 Good Good 74 Good 55 Example 3-54 UDL-77 Good Good 74 Good 55 Comparative Comparative Good Poor 83 Good 57 Example 3-1 UDL-16 Comparative Comparative Good Poor 84 Good 55 Example 3-2 UDL-17
[0375] As shown in Tables 13 and 14, it was confirmed that the compositions (UDL-24 to -77) for forming an organic film, being examples of the present invention, were excellent in the coating property of the silicon-containing resist middle layer film after film formation by baking at 250 C. Meanwhile, the contact angle in the cases with the baking at 250 C. was 640 or more and less than 80. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 3-1 and 3-2, where the proportions of the structures were outside the above-described ranges, the contact angle was high in the low-temperature range in which the compound does not thermally decompose at the benzyl position, and therefore, the coating property of the silicon-containing resist middle layer film was poor. It was confirmed that by adjusting the proportion of the PEG chains having the structure represented by the formula (B2-1) and the proportion of the fluorine-substituted groups having structures represented by the formulae (B2-2) within the above-described ranges, the contact angle can be adjusted by the sufficient presence of PEG chains even in a low-temperature range, where the components are not thermally decomposed at the benzyl position, and therefore, it is possible to achieve a composition for forming an organic film excellent in the coating property of a middle layer film such as a silicon-containing resist middle layer film.
Patterning Test: Examples 4-1 to 4-113
[0376] An organic cured film was formed respectively on an SiO.sub.2 wafer substrate by using each of the compositions (UDL-1 to -113) for forming an organic film according to the above-described method, the silicon-containing resist middle layer film material (SOG1) described below was applied thereto, and baking was performed at 200 C. for 60 seconds to form a 35-nm thick silicon-containing resist middle layer film. The monolayer resist for ArF described below was applied thereto as a resist upper layer film material and baked at 105 C. for 60 seconds to form a 100-nm thick photoresist film. The liquid immersion top coat composition (TC-1) described below was applied to the photoresist film and baked at 90 C. for 60 seconds to form a 50-nm thick top coat.
[0377] As the silicon-containing resist middle layer film material (SOG1), a 2% solution of the following polymer in propylene glycol ethyl ether was prepared.
##STR00125##
[0378] The resist upper layer film material (monolayer resist for ArF) was prepared by dissolving a polymer (RP1), an acid generator (PAG1), and a basic compound (Amine1), each in the proportion shown in Table 15, in a solvent (PGMEA) containing 0.1% by mass of FC-430 (manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited), and filtering the solution through a 0.1-m filter made of a fluororesin.
TABLE-US-00015 TABLE 15 Acid Basic Polymer generator compound Solvent (parts by (parts by (parts by (parts by mass) mass) mass) mass) Monolayer RP1 PAG1 Amine1 PGMEA resist (100) (6.6) (0.8) (2500) for ArF
[0379] The polymer (RP1), the acid generator (PAG1), and the basic compound (Amine1) are shown below.
##STR00126##
[0380] The liquid immersion top coat composition (TC-1) was prepared by dissolving a polymer (PP1) in an organic solvent at the proportion shown in Table 16, and filtering the solution through a 0.1-m filter made of a fluororesin.
TABLE-US-00016 TABLE 16 Polymer Organic solvent (parts by mass) (parts by mass) TC-1 PP1 Diisoamyl ether (2700) (100) 2-methyl-1-butanol (270)
[0381] The polymer (PP1) is shown below.
##STR00127##
[0382] Then, the substrate was exposed to light with an ArF liquid immersion exposure apparatus (NSR-S610C manufactured by Nikon Corporation, NA: 1.30, : 0.98/0.65, 350 s-polarized dipole illumination, 6% halftone phase shift mask), baked at 100 C. for 60 seconds (PEB), and developed with a 2.38% by mass aqueous solution of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) for 30 seconds, thereby obtaining a 55 nm 1:1 positive line-and-space pattern (a resist upper layer film pattern).
[0383] Subsequently, using an etching apparatus Telius manufactured by Tokyo Electron Ltd., the silicon-containing resist middle layer film was dry-etched (the pattern was transferred) while using the resist upper layer film pattern as a mask to obtain a silicon-containing resist middle layer film pattern; the organic film was dry-etched (the pattern was transferred) while using the obtained silicon-containing resist middle layer film pattern as a mask to obtain an organic film pattern; and the SiO.sub.2 wafer substrate (SiO.sub.2 film) was dry-etched (the pattern was transferred) while using the obtained organic film pattern as a mask. The etching conditions were as follows.
[0384] Conditions in transferring resist upper layer film pattern to silicon-containing resist middle layer film [0385] Chamber pressure: 10.0 Pa [0386] RF-power: 1,500 W [0387] CF.sub.4 gas flow rate: 75 mL/min [0388] O.sub.2 gas flow rate: 15 mL/min [0389] Time: 15 sec
[0390] Conditions in transferring silicon-containing resist middle layer film pattern to organic film [0391] Chamber pressure: 2.0 Pa [0392] RF-power: 500 W [0393] Ar gas flow rate: 75 mL/min [0394] O.sub.2 gas flow rate: 45 mL/min [0395] Time: 120 sec
[0396] Conditions in transferring organic film pattern to SiO.sub.2 wafer substrate [0397] Chamber pressure: 2.0 Pa [0398] RF-power: 2,200 W [0399] C.sub.5F.sub.12 gas flow rate: 20 mL/min [0400] C.sub.2F.sub.6 gas flow rate: 10 mL/min [0401] Ar gas flow rate: 300 mL/min [0402] O.sub.2 gas flow rate: 60 mL/min [0403] Time: 90 sec
[0404] The cross section of the obtained pattern was observed with an electron microscope (S-4700) manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd. Tables 17 to 20 show the results.
TABLE-US-00017 TABLE 17 Profile after Composition etching for for forming transferring to organic film substrate Example 4-1 UDL-1 Good Example 4-2 UDL-2 Good Example 4-3 UDL-3 Good Example 4-4 UDL-4 Good Example 4-5 UDL-5 Good Example 4-6 UDL-6 Good Example 4-7 UDL-7 Good Example 4-8 UDL-8 Good Example 4-9 UDL-9 Good Example 4-10 UDL-10 Good Example 4-11 UDL-11 Good Example 4-12 UDL-12 Good Example 4-13 UDL-13 Good Example 4-14 UDL-14 Good Example 4-15 UDL-15 Good Example 4-16 UDL-16 Good Example 4-17 UDL-17 Good Example 4-18 UDL-18 Good Example 4-19 UDL-19 Good Example 4-20 UDL-20 Good Example 4-21 UDL-21 Good Example 4-22 UDL-22 Good Example 4-23 UDL-23 Good Example 4-24 UDL-24 Good Example 4-25 UDL-25 Good Example 4-26 UDL-26 Good Example 4-27 UDL-27 Good Example 4-28 UDL-28 Good Example 4-29 UDL-29 Good Example 4-30 UDL-30 Good Example 4-31 UDL-31 Good Example 4-32 UDL-32 Good Example 4-33 UDL-33 Good Example 4-34 UDL-34 Good Example 4-35 UDL-35 Good Example 4-36 UDL-36 Good
TABLE-US-00018 TABLE 18 Profile after Composition etching for for forming transferring to organic film substrate Example 4-37 UDL-37 Good Example 4-38 UDL-38 Good Example 4-39 UDL-39 Good Example 4-40 UDL-40 Good Example 4-41 UDL-41 Good Example 4-42 UDL-42 Good Example 4-43 UDL-43 Good Example 4-44 UDL-44 Good Example 4-45 UDL-45 Good Example 4-46 UDL-46 Good Example 4-47 UDL-47 Good Example 4-48 UDL-48 Good Example 4-49 UDL-49 Good Example 4-50 UDL-50 Good Example 4-51 UDL-51 Good Example 4-52 UDL-52 Good Example 4-53 UDL-53 Good Example 4-54 UDL-54 Good Example 4-55 UDL-55 Good Example 4-56 UDL-56 Good Example 4-57 UDL-57 Good Example 4-58 UDL-58 Good Example 4-59 UDL-59 Good Example 4-60 UDL-60 Good Example 4-61 UDL-61 Good Example 4-62 UDL-62 Good Example 4-63 UDL-63 Good Example 4-64 UDL-64 Good Example 4-65 UDL-65 Good Example 4-66 UDL-66 Good Example 4-67 UDL-67 Good Example 4-68 UDL-68 Good Example 4-69 UDL-69 Good Example 4-70 UDL-70 Good Example 4-71 UDL-71 Good Example 4-72 UDL-72 Good
TABLE-US-00019 TABLE 19 Profile after Composition etching for for forming transferring to organic film substrate Example 4-73 UDL-73 Good Example 4-74 UDL-74 Good Example 4-75 UDL-75 Good Example 4-76 UDL-76 Good Example 4-77 UDL-77 Good Example 4-78 UDL-78 Good Example 4-79 UDL-79 Good Example 4-80 UDL-80 Good Example 4-81 UDL-81 Good Example 4-82 UDL-82 Good Example 4-83 UDL-83 Good Example 4-84 UDL-84 Good Example 4-85 UDL-85 Good Example 4-86 UDL-86 Good Example 4-87 UDL-87 Good Example 4-88 UDL-88 Good Example 4-89 UDL-89 Good Example 4-90 UDL-90 Good Example 4-91 UDL-91 Good Example 4-92 UDL-92 Good Example 4-93 UDL-93 Good Example 4-94 UDL-94 Good Example 4-95 UDL-95 Good Example 4-96 UDL-96 Good Example 4-97 UDL-97 Good Example 4-98 UDL-98 Good Example 4-99 UDL-99 Good Example 4-100 UDL-100 Good Example 4-101 UDL-101 Good Example 4-102 UDL-102 Good Example 4-103 UDL-103 Good Example 4-104 UDL-104 Good Example 4-105 UDL-105 Good Example 4-106 UDL-106 Good Example 4-107 UDL-107 Good Example 4-108 UDL-108 Good
TABLE-US-00020 TABLE 20 Profile after Composition etching for for forming transferring to organic film substrate Example 4-109 UDL-109 Good Example 4-110 UDL-110 Good Example 4-111 UDL-111 Good Example 4-112 UDL-112 Good Example 4-113 UDL-113 Good
[0405] As shown in Tables 17 to 20, in Examples 4-1 to 4-113, where the compositions (UDL-1 to -113) for forming an organic film, being examples of the present invention, were used, the resist upper layer film pattern was successfully transferred to the SiO.sub.2 wafer substrate in the end in every case. Thus, it was confirmed that the compositions for forming an organic film of the Examples of the present invention can be used suitably for fine processing using a multilayer resist method.
[0406] From the above, it can be observed that the inventive composition for forming an organic film has excellent film-formability, high filling property, excellent hump suppression property, and excellent coating property of silicon-containing resist middle layer films, and therefore, is extremely useful as an organic film material used in a multilayer resist process. Furthermore, it can be observed that the inventive patterning processes, using the inventive composition for forming an organic film, make it possible to fill holes and trenches having very high aspect ratios without gaps, form a fine pattern with high precision, and form a hump-suppressed organic film, and therefore, make it possible to manufacture semiconductor devices and the like efficiently.
[0407] Furthermore, from the results of the Examples demonstrated above, it can be observed that the inventive surfactant is suitable for forming an organic film which is excellent in in-plane uniformity and filling property in which the formation of humps due to the effect of a remover in an EBR process has been suppressed. Moreover, it can be observed that, by using the inventive surfactant, it is possible to realize a composition for forming an organic film with which it is possible to form an organic film on which a middle layer film, for example, a silicon-containing middle layer film, can be formed with excellent coating property.
[0408] The present description includes the following embodiments.
[0409] [1]A composition for forming an organic film, comprising: [0410] (A) a material for forming an organic film; [0411] (B) an aryl benzyl ether compound having a partial structure represented by the following general formula (B1); and [0412] (C) a solvent,
##STR00128##
wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the following formula (B2-1) or either of groups containing fluorine represented by the following formulae (B2-2), relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the following formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the following formulae (B2-2) is , R.sub.2 represents a saturated or unsaturated monovalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a represents 0 or 1, provided that when a is 0, b represents 1 to 5 and c represents 0 to 4, and when a is 1, b represents 1 to 7 and c represents 0 to 6, and * represents an attachment point to another atom,
##STR00129##
wherein a broken line represents an attachment point to the oxygen atom in the formula (B1), n represents 1 to 6, and one kind of the structure represented by the formula (B2-1) is contained or two kinds of the structure is contained,
##STR00130##
wherein a broken line represents an attachment point to the oxygen atom in the formula (B1), and one kind of the structures represented by the formulae (B2-2) is contained or two kinds of the structures are contained.
[0413] [2] The composition for forming an organic film of [1], wherein the aryl benzyl ether compound (B) is a compound represented by the following general formula (B3), (B4), (B6), (B8), (B10), or (B11),
##STR00131##
wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; R.sub.2 represents a saturated or unsaturated monovalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; R.sub.3 represents a saturated or unsaturated divalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; a1 represents 0 or 1, provided that when a1 is 0, b1 represents 1 to 5 and c1 represents 0 to 4, and when a1 is 1, b1 represents 1 to 7 and c1 represents 0 to 6,
##STR00132##
wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; R.sub.2 represents a saturated or unsaturated monovalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; R.sub.4 represents a single bond or any of groups represented by the following formulae (B5); R.sub.5 represents a saturated or unsaturated divalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; and a2 represents 0 or 1, provided that when a2 is 0, b2 represents 1 to 5 and c2 represents 0 to 4, and when a2 is 1, b2 represents 1 to 7 and c2 represents 0 to 6,
##STR00133##
wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; R.sub.2 represents a saturated or unsaturated monovalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; R.sub.6 represents a group represented by any of the following formulae (B7); R.sub.7 represents a saturated or unsaturated divalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; and a3 represents 0 or 1, provided that when a3 is 0, b3 represents 1 to 5 and c3 represents 0 to 4, and when a3 is 1, b3 represents 1 to 7 and c3 represents 0 to 6,
##STR00134##
wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; W.sub.1 represents a group represented by the following formula (B9); a4 represents 0 or 1; b4 represents 1 or 2; and d4 represents 1 to 4,
##STR00135##
wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); and relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ,
##STR00136##
wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; W.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B9); W.sub.2 represents a single bond or an organic group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms; m represents an integer satisfying 1m5; a5 represents 0 or 1; b5 represents 1 or 2; and d5 represents 1 to 4,
##STR00137##
wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; R.sub.8 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and b6 represents 1 to 5.
[0414] [3] The composition for forming an organic film of [1] or [2], wherein the aryl benzyl ether compound (B) has a weight-average molecular weight of 1000 to 30000.
[0415] [4] The composition for forming an organic film of any one of [1] to [3], wherein the aryl benzyl ether compound (B) is contained in an amount of 0.01 parts by mass to 5 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the material (A) for forming an organic film.
[0416] [5]A method for forming an organic film to be used in a manufacturing process of a semiconductor device, the method comprising: [0417] spin-coating a substrate to be processed with the composition for forming an organic film of any one of [1] to [4] to obtain a coating film; and [0418] forming an organic film by heating the coating film at a temperature of 100 C. or higher and 600 C. or lower for 10 to 600 seconds to cure the coating film.
[0419] [6]A patterning process comprising: [0420] forming an organic film on a body to be processed by using the composition for forming an organic film of any one of [1] to [4]; [0421] forming a silicon-containing resist middle layer film on the organic film by using a silicon-containing resist middle layer film material; [0422] forming a resist upper layer film on the silicon-containing resist middle layer film by using a resist upper layer film material comprising a photoresist composition; [0423] forming a circuit pattern in the resist upper layer film; [0424] transferring the pattern to the silicon-containing resist middle layer film by etching while using the resist upper layer film having the formed circuit pattern as a mask; [0425] transferring the pattern to the organic film by etching while using the silicon-containing resist middle layer film having the transferred pattern as a mask; and [0426] further forming the pattern in the body to be processed by etching while using the organic film having the transferred pattern as a mask.
[0427] [7]A patterning process comprising: [0428] forming an organic film on a body to be processed by using the composition for forming an organic film of any one of [1] to [4]; [0429] forming a silicon-containing resist middle layer film on the organic film by using a silicon-containing resist middle layer film material; [0430] forming an organic antireflective film or an adhesive film on the silicon-containing resist middle layer film; [0431] forming a resist upper layer film on the organic antireflective film or the adhesive film by using a resist upper layer film material comprising a photoresist composition; [0432] forming a circuit pattern in the resist upper layer film; [0433] transferring the pattern to the organic antireflective film or the adhesive film and to the silicon-containing resist middle layer film by etching while using the resist upper layer film having the formed circuit pattern as a mask; [0434] transferring the pattern to the organic film by etching while using the silicon-containing resist middle layer film having the transferred pattern as a mask; and [0435] further forming the pattern in the body to be processed by etching while using the organic film having the transferred pattern as a mask.
[0436] [8]A patterning process comprising: [0437] forming an organic film on a body to be processed by using the composition for forming an organic film of any one of [1] to [4]; [0438] forming an inorganic hard mask selected from the group consisting of a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, and a silicon oxynitride film on the organic film; [0439] forming a resist upper layer film on the inorganic hard mask by using a resist upper layer film material comprising a photoresist composition; [0440] forming a circuit pattern in the resist upper layer film; [0441] transferring the pattern to the inorganic hard mask by etching while using the resist upper layer film having the formed circuit pattern as a mask; [0442] transferring the pattern to the organic film by etching while using the inorganic hard mask having the transferred pattern as a mask; and [0443] further forming the pattern in the body to be processed by etching while using the organic film having the transferred pattern as a mask.
[0444] [9]A patterning process comprising: [0445] forming an organic film on a body to be processed by using the composition for forming an organic film of any one of [1] to [4]; [0446] forming an inorganic hard mask selected from the group consisting of a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, and a silicon oxynitride film on the organic film; [0447] forming an organic antireflective film or an adhesive film on the inorganic hard mask; [0448] forming a resist upper layer film on the organic antireflective film or the adhesive film by using a resist upper layer film material comprising a photoresist composition; [0449] forming a circuit pattern in the resist upper layer film; [0450] transferring the pattern to the organic antireflective film or the adhesive film and to the inorganic hard mask by etching while using the resist upper layer film having the formed circuit pattern as a mask; [0451] transferring the pattern to the organic film by etching while using the inorganic hard mask having the transferred pattern as a mask; and [0452] further forming the pattern in the body to be processed by etching while using the organic film having the transferred pattern as a mask.
[0453] [10] The patterning process of [8] or [9], wherein the inorganic hard mask is formed by a CVD method or an ALD method.
[0454] [11] The patterning process of any one of [6] to [10], wherein the circuit pattern is formed by a lithography using light having a wavelength of 10 nm or more and 300 nm or less, a direct writing with electron beam, nanoimprinting, or a combination thereof.
[0455] [12] The patterning process of any one of [6] to [11], wherein the circuit pattern is developed with an alkaline development or an organic solvent.
[0456] [13] The patterning process of any one of [6] to [12], wherein the body to be processed is a semiconductor device substrate or the semiconductor device substrate coated with any of a metal film, a metal carbide film, a metal oxide film, a metal nitride film, a metal oxycarbide film, and a metal oxynitride film.
[0457] [14] The patterning process of [13], wherein the metal constituting the body to be processed is silicon, titanium, tungsten, hafnium, zirconium, chromium, germanium, copper, silver, gold, aluminum, indium, gallium, arsenic, palladium, iron, tantalum, iridium, molybdenum, or an alloy thereof.
[0458] [15]A surfactant comprising an aryl benzyl ether compound having a partial structure represented by the following general formula (B1),
##STR00138##
wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the following formula (B2-1) or either of groups containing fluorine represented by the following formulae (B2-2), relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the following formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the following formulae (B2-2) is , R.sub.2 represents a saturated or unsaturated monovalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a represents 0 or 1, provided that when a is 0, b represents 1 to 5 and c represents 0 to 4, and when a is 1, b represents 1 to 7 and c represents 0 to 6, and * represents an attachment point to another atom,
##STR00139##
wherein a broken line represents an attachment point to the oxygen atom in the formula (B1), n represents 1 to 6, and one kind of the structure represented by the formula (B2-1) is contained or two kinds of the structure is contained,
##STR00140##
wherein a broken line represents an attachment point to the oxygen atom in the formula (B1), and one kind of the structures represented by the formulae (B2-2) is contained or two kinds of the structures are contained.
[0459] [16] The surfactant of [15], wherein the aryl benzyl ether compound is a compound represented by the following general formula (B3), (B4), (B6), (B8), (B10), or (B11),
##STR00141##
wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; R.sub.2 represents a saturated or unsaturated monovalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; R.sub.3 represents a saturated or unsaturated divalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; a1 represents 0 or 1, provided that when a1 is 0, b1 represents 1 to 5 and c1 represents 0 to 4, and when a1 is 1, b1 represents 1 to 7 and c1 represents 0 to 6,
##STR00142##
wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; R.sub.2 represents a saturated or unsaturated monovalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; R.sub.4 represents a single bond or any of groups represented by the following formulae (B5); R.sub.5 represents a saturated or unsaturated divalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; and a2 represents 0 or 1, provided that when a2 is 0, b2 represents 1 to 5 and c2 represents 0 to 4, and when a2 is 1, b2 represents 1 to 7 and c2 represents 0 to 6,
##STR00143##
wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; R.sub.2 represents a saturated or unsaturated monovalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; R.sub.6 represents a group represented by any of the following formulae (B7); R.sub.7 represents a saturated or unsaturated divalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; and a3 represents 0 or 1, provided that when a3 is 0, b3 represents 1 to 5 and c3 represents 0 to 4, and when a3 is 1, b3 represents 1 to 7 and c3 represents 0 to 6,
##STR00144##
wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; W.sub.1 represents a group represented by the following formula (B9); a4 represents 0 or 1; b4 represents 1 or 2; and d4 represents 1 to 4,
##STR00145##
wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); and relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ,
##STR00146##
wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; W.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B9); W.sub.2 represents a single bond or an organic group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms; m represents an integer satisfying 1m5; a5 represents 0 or 1; b5 represents 1 or 2; and d5 represents 1 to 4,
##STR00147##
wherein R.sub.1 represents a group represented by the formula (B2-1) or either of the groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2); relationships +=1, 0.10.5, and 0.50.9 are satisfied when, among structures constituting the R.sub.1, a proportion of groups represented by the formula (B2-1) is and a proportion of groups containing fluorine represented by the formulae (B2-2) is ; R.sub.8 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and b6 represents 1 to 5.
[0460] [17] The surfactant of [15] or [16], wherein the aryl benzyl ether compound has a weight-average molecular weight of 1000 to 30000.
[0461] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The embodiments are just examples, and any examples that have substantially the same feature and demonstrate the same functions and effects as those in the technical concept disclosed in claims of the present invention are included in the technical scope of the present invention.