Abstract
A machine tool having a micro-hammering function. This micro-hammering function can be achieved either by a particular configuration of the machine tool (integrated solution) or by providing an external module between the machine tool and its tool (module solution). In micro-hammering, impact movements which superimpose a pure rotary movement of the tool of the machine tool and can thus increase, for example, a drilling force of the machine tool, are generated. The external module or the machine tool has cam disks, one of which is fixed to the shaft and the other to the housing. The cam disks can be made or interact in such a way that an impact movement is generated by way of which the rotary movement of the tool of the machine tool can be superimposed. An external module for generating impact movements and to a system of machine tool and external module.
Claims
1-12. (canceled)
13. An interface for connecting partial shafts in a functional unit, the functional unit being configured for generating an impact movement, the functional unit including a first cam disk and a second cam disk, the first cam disk being connected to a shaft device and the second cam disk being connected in a stationary manner to a housing; the first cam disk and the second cam disk interacting to generate the impact movement; the functional unit being configured to superimpose a rotary movement of a tool of a machine tool with the impact movement; the shaft device including a first partial shaft and a second partial shaft; the interface comprising: a connection for connecting the first partial shaft and the second partial shaft.
14. The interface as recited in claim 13 wherein the first cam disk and the second cam disk each have at least one structural element, so that an alternating axial stroke is generated in a relative movement between the first cam disk and the second cam disk.
15. The interface as recited in claim 13 wherein the first partial shaft or the second partial shaft is configured to be stationary in the axial direction, while the respective other partial shaft is configured to be movable in the axial direction.
16. The interface as recited in claim 13 wherein the first cam disk is present so as to be disposed on the movably configured partial shaft.
17. The interface as recited in claim 13 wherein the impact movement has a higher frequency than the rotary movement of the machine tool or of the tool.
18. The interface as recited in claim 13 wherein the impact movement with which the rotary movement of the tool of the machine tool is superimposable is able to be switched on and off in that the first and second cam disks are moved apart in an axial direction to so that there is no contact between the first and second cam disks.
19. The interface as recited in claim 13 wherein the first and second cam are moved apart by the first cam disk being moved away from the second cam disk.
20. The interface as recited in claim 13 wherein the first and second cam disks are moved apart by the second cam disk being moved away from the first cam disk.
21. A functional unit comprising the interface as recited in claim 13 wherein the functional unit is present so as to be integrated in the machine tool.
22. A functional unit comprising the interface as recited in claim 13 wherein the functional unit is disposable as an external module between the too and the machine tool.
23. A machine tool comprising: a tool configured to carry out a rotary movement, the machine tool specified to generate an impact movement; a shaft device; a housing and a functional unit, the functional unit including a first cam disk and a second cam disk, the first cam disk being connected to the shaft device and the second cam disk being connected in a locationally fixed manner to the housing; the first cam disk and the second cam disk interacting in order to generate the impact movement; the machine tool being configured to superimpose the impact movementon the rotary movement of the tool.
24. The machine tool as recited in claim 23 wherein the shaft device includes a first partial shaft and a second partial shaft, the first partial shaft and the second partial shaft being able to be connected to one another by way of an interface.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0059] Further advantages are derived from the following description of the figures. The figures, the description and the claims contain numerous features in combination. A person skilled in the art will expediently also consider the features individually and combine them to form useful further combinations.
[0060] Identical and functionally equivalent components are denoted by the same reference signs in the figures, In the drawings:
[0061] FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a preferred design embodiment of the system having a functional unit configured as an external module and a machine tool;
[0062] FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a preferred design embodiment of the contact region between the external module and the machine tool;
[0063] FIG. 3 shows a lateral view (top) and a view from above (bottom) of a preferred design embodiment of a cam disk and the surface thereof;
[0064] FIG. 4 shows graphic explanations pertaining to the potential design embodiment of a surface of a cam disk and of the structural elements; and
[0065] FIG. 5 shows a schematic lateral view of a preferred design embodiment of an integrated solution having a shaft interface.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0066] FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a preferred design embodiment of a machine tool 100 which is connected to a functional unit 150 configured as an external module 10. Illustrated in the central region of FIG. 1 is the external module 10 which may be present so as to be disposed between the machine tool 100 and the tool 102 of the machine tool 100. The tool 102 of the machine tool 100 may be connected to the machine tool 100 by way of a tool holder 118. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, the external module 10 is disposed in particular between the tool holder 118 and the machine tool 100. The machine tool 100 can preferably be a drilling apparatus or a core drilling apparatus; the tool 102 of the machine tool 100 may be in the form for example of a core bit. The machine tool 100 has a motor (122, see FIG. 5), whereby the tool 102 of the machine tool 100 can be driven by way of shaft devices 104, 124 of the machine tool 100. In particular, the motor 122 of the machine tool 100 generates a rotary movement D, which can be transmitted to the tool 102 of the machine tool 100. The shaft device 104 of the machine tool 100 may preferably also be referred to as a transmission output shaft 104.
[0067] The impact movement S can advantageously be generated by a functional unit 150, it being possible for the functional unit 150 to be configured as an external module 10 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) or to be present so as to be integrated in the machine tool 100 (FIG. 5). The impact movements S which can be superimposed on the pure rotary movement D of the machine tool 100 are preferably also referred to as micro-hammering. In other words, a micro-hammering function for a machine tool 100 can be made available with the functional unit 150. The technical solution represented in FIGS. 1 and 2 relates to the generation of the impact movements S by an external module 10, while FIG. 5 shows a so-called integrated solution in which the impact movements S are generated within the machine tool 100 per se. The components of the functional unit 150 can then preferably also be considered to be components of the machine tool 100.
[0068] The external module 10 which is represented in FIGS. 1 and 2 can be interposed like an adapter between the tool 102 and the machine tool 100. The external module 10 has a first cam disk 12 and a second cam disk 14, the first cam disk 12 being fixed to a shaft, i.e. being connected to a shaft device 16 of the external module 10. The second cam disk 14 is preferably fixed to a housing. This preferably means, in the context of the invention, that the second cam disk 14 is connected to a housing 18 of the external module 10. Thus, the first cam disk 12 is capable of rotating, specifically conjointly with the shaft device 16 of the external module 10, while the second cam disk 14 is not specified for rotation. During operation of the machine tool 100, the first cam disk 12 is configured to be axially movable, so as to generate the axial stroke or the impact movement S. During operation of the machine tool 100, the second cam disk 14 is configured not to be movable in an axial direction. Preferably, the first cam disk 12 is capable of moving away from the second cam disk 14, so as to generate the axial stroke or the impact movement S. This preferably means, in the context of the invention, that the first cam disk 12 of the external module 10 can move in the spatial directions toward the front and toward the rear.
[0069] The spatial directions are illustrated using a direction cross. The spatial direction toward the front is indicated in this case by the letter V, while the spatial direction toward the rear is indicated by the letter H, the spatial direction upward by the letter O and the spatial direction downward by the letter U. The tool 102 of the machine tool 100 is accordingly disposed in a front region of the machine tool 10, while the machine tool 100 is depicted behind the external module 10 in FIG. 1. When the first cam disk 12 of the external module 10 moves, the shaft device 16 of the external module 10 preferably co-rotates, since the first cam disk 12 is fixedly connected to the shaft device 16 of the external module 10. In the context of the invention, it is preferred for the second cam disk 14 and the housing 18 of the external module 10 not to be able to move relative to the machine tool 100 during operation.
[0070] The two cam disks 12, 14 each have at least one structural element 20 (see FIGS. 3 and 4), the structural elements 20 being specified to generate the impact movements S when the cam disks 12, 14 move relative to one another during operation of the machine tool 100. As a result of the provision of the structural elements 20 on the two cam disks 12, 14, high surface pressures are advantageously avoided. The structural elements 20 may be configured ramp-like, for example, whereby a movement of one cam disk, for example the first cam disk 12, follows the height profile of the structural elements 20 of the other cam disk-for example the second cam disk 14when the cam disks 12, 14 perform a rotating relative movement. In the context of the invention, it is preferred in particular for the first cam disk 12 to rotate while the second cam disk 14 is stationary. The standstill of the second cam disk 14 and the movement of the first cam disk 12 at a first rotating speed advantageously result in a relative movement of the cam disks 12, 14. Because of the drill contact pressure force by way of which the machine tool 100 is pressed onto the substrate to be worked, the cam disks 12, 14 are pressed together or on one another axially during their relative movement. In this way, the cam disks 12, 14 are predominantly present so as to be in close contact with one another and slide up and down according to the geometry or properties of the surfaces 36 of the cam disks 12, 14, so that the impact impulse or the impact movement is generated.
[0071] At the end of the ramp or of the structural element 20, the first cam disk 12 drops back onto the subsequent ramp of the cam disk 14, as a result of which an impact movement S is generated. In particular, an axial stroke is generated by the dropping action of a first cam disk 12. The axial stroke can preferably correspond to a distance, whereby the distance can correspond to the height of a ramp, i.e. a structural element 20, for example. If a plurality of structural elements 20 are provided on the cam disks 12, 14, this may result in an alternating axial stroke. This preferably means, in the context of the invention, that rapidly successive impact movements S are generated, which then form the micro-hammering function for the machine tool 100.
[0072] The external module 10 represented in FIGS. 1 and 2 may comprise an interface 30, wherein the interface 30 is specified to connect a first partial shaft 32 and a second partial shaft 34 of the shaft device 16 of the external module 10 to one another. In the exemplary embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 1, the first cam disk 12, fixed to the shaft, is connected in particular to the first partial shaft 32 of the shaft device 16 of the external module 10. The interface 30 may preferably also be referred to as a shaft interface. One of the two partial shafts 32, 34, i.e. the first partial shaft 32 or the second partial shaft 34, may be fixed in position in the axial direction, while the respectively other partial shaft (34 or 32) is configured to be movable in the axial direction. In other words, one of the partial shafts 32, 34 can be displaced in a forward-rearward direction, while the other partial shaft 34, 32 is stationary.
[0073] In the case of the integrated solution represented in FIG. 5, the machine tool 100 can have an interface 108 for connecting the partial shafts 110, 116 of the shaft device 124 of the machine tool 100, the interface 108 being specified to connect a first partial shaft 110 and a second partial shaft 116 of the shaft device 124 of the machine tool 100 to one another. In such an integrated solution, too, the first partial shaft 110 or the second partial shaft 34 may be fixed in position in the axial direction, while the respectively other partial shaft 116, 110 is configured to be movable in the axial direction. In an integrated solution, the machine tool 100 may comprise two cam disks 112, 114, wherein the first cam disk 112 is connected to the shaft device 124 of the machine tool 100 and the second cam disk 114 is connected to the housing 106 of the machine tool 100. Preferably, the first cam disk 112 can be connected to the first partial shaft 110 of the shaft device 124 of the machine tool 100. In the context of the invention, it is preferred for the first cam disk 112 to be present so as to be disposed on the axially movable partial shaft (110 or 116), the first partial shaft 110 of the shaft device 124 of the machine tool 100 preferably being configured to be movable.
[0074] As represented in FIGS. 1 and 2, the second partial shaft 34 of the shaft device 16 of the external module 10 can represent an extension of the shaft device 16. The housing 18 of the external module 10 may be mounted on this second partial shaft 34 of the shaft device 16, the mounting 24 in particular being configured in the form of a floating bearing. The second partial shaft 34 of the shaft device 16 of the external module 10 is, in the context of the invention, preferably also referred to as a transmission output extension since, in a different perspective, it also represents an extension of the shaft device 104 of the machine tool 100 into the external module 10. The second partial shaft 34 can be connected to the shaft device 104 of the machine tool 100 in order for the rotary movement D of the machine tool 100 to be able to be transmitted to the tool 102 of the machine tool 100 by way of the shaft devices 16, 104.
[0075] The impact movement S by way of which the rotary movement D of the tool 102 of the machine tool 100 can be superimposed can advantageously be switched on and off by the cam disks 12, 14 being moved apart in an axial direction such that there is no longer any contact between the cam disks 12, 14. This pulling apart of the cam disks 12, 14 may take place for example in that the first cam disk 12 is moved away from the second cam disk 14. The first cam disk 12 may be in a first position before it is moved away and in a second position after it has been moved away, wherein the first cam disk 12 is able to be fixed in a second position by way of a fastening element 26. In the context of the invention, it is preferred for the cam disks 12, 14 to be moved apart by the actuation of a movement transmitting thread. A fastening element 26 may then be provided in order to fix the thread in the desired position.
[0076] The cam disks 12, 14 may, however, also be moved apart in that the second cam disk 14 is moved away from the first cam disk 12. In this case, the second cam disk 14 can be displaced relative to the housing 18 of the external module 10 by an actuating element 28. On account of the connection between the second cam disk 14 and the housing 18 of the external module 10, the second cam disk 14 can be displaced relative to the machine tool 100, in particular conjointly with the housing 18 of the external module 10.
[0077] FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a preferred design embodiment of the contact region between the external module 10 and the machine tool 100. The external module 10 on the rear side thereof may be connected to the machine tool 100, while the external module 10 on the front side thereof may be connected to the tool holder 118 or to the tool 102 of the machine tool. In order to connect the external module 10 to the machine tool 100, at least two interfaces 52, 54 may be provided, wherein the first interface 52 is specified to connect the shaft device 16 of the external module 10 to a shaft device 104 of the machine tool 100, while the second interface 54 is specified to connect the housing 18 of the external module 10 to a housing 106 of the machine tool 100. In the context of the invention, it is preferred for it to be possible in particular for the second partial shaft 34 of the shaft device 16 of the external module 10 (module input shaft) to be connected to the shaft device 104 of the machine tool 100 by way of the first interface 52.
[0078] In particular, the housing 18 of the external module 10 can be connected to the housing 106 of the machine tool 100. Furthermore, the second partial shaft 34 of the shaft device 16 of the external module 10 can be connected to the shaft device 104 of the machine tool 100. Contact points or contact regions between the external module 10 and the machine tool 100 thus exist in particular in the region of the housings 18, 106 of the external module 10 (second interface 54) and of the machine tool 100, and in the region of the shaft devices 16, 104 (first interface 52). The first interface 52 and the second interface 54 between the machine tool 100 and the external module 10 are depicted in particular in FIG. 2.
[0079] Different load paths LP1, LP2 which demonstrate the potential profiles of the force flux within the external module 10 are illustrated in FIG. 2. The upper, first load path LP1 is a potential load path that the force flux can take within the external module 10. The lower, second load path LP2 is the preferred load path, by which the force flux is introduced into the housing 106 of the machine tool 100. As a result, sensitive components within the machine tool 100 can be protected better than in the case of the load path LP1 in which the force can be introduced into the shaft devices 16, 104 of the external module 10 and of the machine tool 100, respectively. As a result, it is possible for bearings or roller bearings, for example, to be damaged.
[0080] FIG. 3 shows a lateral view and view from above of a preferred embodiment of a cam disk 12, 14 and its surface 36. Structural elements 20 can be provided on the surface 36 of the cam disks 12, 14, a number of the structural elements 20 being identified by the reference sign N. For example, six complete structural elements 20 are illustrated in the lateral view of a cam disk 12, 14 shown in the upper region of FIG. 3. The structural elements 20 in the exemplary embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 3 are configured as ramps which comprise an inclined plane 38 (see FIG. 4) and are identified by a height difference h between the lowest point 40 and the highest point 42 of the ramp 20 (see FIG. 4). For example, the cam disk 12, 14 shown in FIG. 3 has seventeen structural elements 20, so that N=17. Illustrated in the lower region of FIG. 3 is a view from above of a surface 36 of the cam disk 12, 14.
[0081] FIG. 4 shows graphic explanations pertaining to the potential design of a surface 36 of a cam disk 12, 14 and of the structural elements 20. It is preferred in the context of the invention that the structural elements 20 are present so as be disposed uniformly on the circumference of the cam disk 12, 14. In the case of such uniformly disposed structural elements 20, the length of the inclined plane 38 is preferably the same or similar. However, in the context of the invention, it may also be preferable that the structural elements 20 are not disposed uniformly on the circumference of the cam disk 12, 14. The inclined planes 38 of the structural elements 20 can then have different lengths. It is preferred in the context of the invention that the heights h of the structural elements 20 are each the same or similar. The height difference h can be in a range of 0.5 mm, for example.
[0082] The upper region of FIG. 4 shows by way of example a development of a profile of a cam disk 12, 14 with seventeen structural elements 20, the structural elements 20 being distributed over the full circle) (360) of the cam disk 12, 14. Illustrated by way of example in the lower region of FIG. 4 is a lateral view of a potential design embodiment of a structural element 20. The structural element 20 has an inclined plane 38 which extends between a lowest point 40 and a highest point 42 of the structural element 20. The structural element 20 shown at the bottom of FIG. 4 is, for example, configured in the shape of a ramp, whereby a difference in height h between the lowest point 40 and the highest point 42 of the structural element 20 can be in a range of 0.5 mm, for example.
[0083] FIG. 5 shows a lateral view of a so-called integrated solution having a shaft interface 108. The functional unit 150 is an integral constituent part of the machine tool 100 here. FIG. 5 shows in particular a machine tool 100 in which the micro-hammering function is provided or generated within the machine tool 100 per se. For this purpose, the machine tool 100 includes a first cam disk 112 and a second cam disk 114, which are configured and finished in accordance with the statements for the cam disks 12, 14 of the external module 10. The cam disks 112, 114 of the machine tool 100 are also specified to interact in the same way in order to generate impact movements S and/or impact pulses, so that the machine tool 100 shown in FIG. 5 is inherently able to provide a micro-hammering function. The machine tool 100 depicted in FIG. 5 has a housing 106 and a shaft device 104. The shaft device 104 corresponds preferably to a rotor shaft of the motor 122 of the machine tool 100. Moreover, the machine tool 100 may have a handle 120. The machine tool 100 may have a transmission, such that the shaft device 104 of the machine tool 100 does not necessarily have to be present so as to be connected directly to the motor 122 of the machine tool 100. For example, gears or additional shaft devices (inter) may be provided between the rotor shaft 104 and the motor 122 of the machine tool 100 in order to adapt a speed of the motor 122, for example. Preferably, the transmission of the machine tool 100 may be specified to reduce a high speed of the motor 122 such that a speed suitable for drilling can be achieved for the tool 102 of the machine tool 100. The shaft devices 104, 124 of the machine tool 100 may be present so as to be disposed in a mutually offset manner in an upward/downward direction and/or a forward/rearward direction, whereby the shaft devices 104, 124 of the machine tool 100 are oriented preferably substantially parallel to one another.
[0084] In the machine tool 100 illustrated in FIG. 5, the shaft device 104 is configured to interact with a further shaft device 124, which, in the case of the provision of the micro-hammering function by an external module 10, corresponds to the shaft device 16 of the external module 10. This further shaft device 124 may preferably comprise a first partial shaft 110 and a second partial shaft 116, wherein the first partial shaft 110, in terms of its function, corresponds to the first partial shaft 32 of the external module 10 and the second partial shaft, in terms of its function, corresponds to the second partial shaft 34 of the external module 10. In the integrated solution in which the micro-hammering function is provided by the machine tool 100 per se, an interface 108 for connecting the two partial shafts 110 and 116 is also provided. The items that are identified by a cross in FIG. 5 may preferably be bearings or roller bearings, which enable an axial movement of the first partial shaft 110 and of the first cam disk 112 fastened thereto, such that an impact movement S can be generated, or a micro-hammering function can be provided, by the machine tool 100.
[0085] In the integrated solution in which the impact movement S is generated within the machine tool 100 per se, in that the functional unit 150 is an integral constituent part of the machine tool 100, the impact movement S can also be switched on and off. For example, this can be achieved in that the cam disks 112, 114 are moved apart in an axial direction such that there is no longer any contact between the cam disks 112, 114. This pulling apart of the cam disks 112, 114 may take place for example in that the first cam disk 112 is moved away from the second cam disk 114. The first cam disk 112 may be in a first position before it is moved away and in a second position after it has been moved away. In the context of the invention, it is preferred for the cam disks 112, 114 to be moved apart by the actuation of a movement transmitting thread. The cam disks 112, 114 may, however, also be moved apart in that the second cam disk 114 is moved away from the first cam disk 112.
LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS
[0086] 10 External module [0087] 12 First cam disk [0088] 14 Second cam disk [0089] 16 Shaft device of the external module [0090] 18 Housing of the external module [0091] 20 Structural elements [0092] 24 Mounting of the housing of the external module [0093] 26 Fastening element [0094] 28 Actuating element [0095] 30 Interface [0096] 32 First partial shaft, module output shaft [0097] 34 Second partial shaft, module input shaft [0098] 36 Surface of a cam disk [0099] 38 Inclined plane of a structural element [0100] 40 Lowest point of a structural element [0101] 42 Highest point of a structural element [0102] 50 System comprising a machine tool and an external module [0103] 52 First interface [0104] 54 Second interface [0105] 100 Machine tool [0106] 102 Tool of the machine tool [0107] 104 Shaft device of the machine tool [0108] 106 Housing of the machine tool [0109] 108 Interface for connecting the partial shafts [0110] 110 First partial shaft [0111] 112 First cam disk of the machine tool [0112] 114 Second cam disk of the machine tool [0113] 116 Second partial shaft [0114] 118 Tool holder of the machine tool [0115] 120 Handle of the machine tool [0116] 122 Motor of the machine tool [0117] 124 Further shaft device [0118] 150 Functional unit [0119] S Impact movement [0120] D Rotary movement [0121] h Height difference of the structural elements [0122] N Number of structural elements [0123] V Front, front side, spatial direction toward the front [0124] H Rear, rear side, spatial direction toward the rear [0125] U Bottom, lower side, spatial direction downward [0126] O Top, upper side, spatial direction upward [0127] LP1 Load path 1 [0128] LP2 Load path 2
