Abstract
A device for providing nettings by means of a construction machine, in particular in mining and/or tunnel construction, has at least one netting receiving apparatus which is configured to receive and at least partially enclose a netting unit and which has a netting receiving opening and a netting output opening, wherein at least the netting output opening is equipped with at least one inhibiting element which is configured to prevent uncontrolled netting output.
Claims
1. A device for providing nettings by means of a construction machine, in particular in mining and/or tunnel construction, having at least one netting receiving apparatus which is configured to receive and at least partially enclose a netting unit and which has a netting receiving opening and a netting output opening, wherein at least the netting output opening is equipped with at least one inhibiting element which is configured to prevent uncontrolled netting output.
2. The device according to claim 1, the inhibiting element is of elastic design.
3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the inhibiting element is configured to apply a pressing to at least part of the netting.
4. The device according to claim 3, wherein the inhibiting element is configured to apply the pressing to at least that part of the netting which is currently emerging from the netting output opening.
5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the inhibiting element is arranged on the netting receiving apparatus in such a way that, at least in an unloaded state, the inhibiting element covers the netting output opening at least in sections at least for the most part.
6. The device according to claim 1, wherein the inhibiting element is replaceably attached to the netting receiving apparatus.
7. The device according to claim 1, wherein the netting receiving apparatus has at least one, in particular movably supported, closure element for at least partially closing the netting receiving opening.
8. The device according to claim 7, wherein the netting receiving apparatus has at least one guide rail which is configured to guide the closure element on a circumference of the netting receiving apparatus.
9. The device according to claim 7, wherein, in a closed state, the closure element delimits the netting output opening in sections.
10. The device at least according to claim 7, wherein the inhibiting element is configured to apply a pressing to at least part of the netting, and wherein the closure element is configured to adjust the pressing applied by the inhibiting element.
11. The device according to claim 7, wherein the closure element is designed to be substantially narrower than the netting receiving opening in a main extension direction of the netting receiving opening.
12. The device at least according to claim 9, wherein the inhibiting element is arranged at a netting output opening-side end of the closure element.
13. The device according to claim 1, wherein the inhibiting element and/or the closure element has a width which corresponds to at least one mesh extent of the netting configured for provision.
14. The device according to claim 7, wherein the netting receiving apparatus has at least one further closure element which is in particular at least substantially identical to the closure element.
15. The device according to claim 1, wherein the netting receiving apparatus forms an at least substantially cylindrical netting receiving space which is configured to receive at least the netting unit.
16. The device according to claim 1, wherein the netting receiving apparatus has a netting receiving space which is overwidth, in particular in relation to web widths of netting units which can be provided by the netting receiving apparatus, and which is configured to provide a tolerance range for varying packing widths of, in particular otherwise identically designed, netting units.
17. The device according to claim 1, wherein at least one wall of the netting receiving apparatus has lightweight construction recesses.
18. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a protective unit which covers at least part of an outer side of the netting receiving apparatus in order to avoid injuries and/or soiling.
19. The device according to claim 1, wherein the netting receiving apparatus has a support element for positioning the netting receiving apparatus on a base.
20. The device according to claim 1, wherein at least one region of the netting receiving apparatus which delimits the netting receiving opening has a netting insertion aid element which is in particular configured to support an insertion of the netting unit into a netting receiving space of the netting receiving apparatus.
21. The device according to claim 1, wherein the netting receiving apparatus has a bearing unit for rotatably bearing netting roll central rods.
22. The device according to claim 1, wherein the netting receiving apparatus has a fastening unit for fastening to the construction machine.
23. The device according to claim 1, wherein the netting receiving apparatus has stiffening elements which extend parallel to a main extension direction of the netting receiving apparatus.
24. The device according to claim 1, wherein the inhibiting element is designed as a roll.
25. The device according to claim 24, further comprising a plurality of inhibiting elements which are designed as rolls and are arranged in accordance with a mesh extent or a half mesh extent of the netting unit configured for provision.
26. A system having the device according to claim 1 and having at least one netting unit, in particular a netting roll.
27. The system according to claim 26, having a construction machine configured for laying nettings, wherein the device is fixedly connected to the construction machine.
28. A method for providing nettings, in particular in mining and/or tunnel construction, by means of a device according to claim 1 wherein an uncontrolled netting output is prevented in at least one method step.
Description
DRAWINGS
[0038] Further advantages result from the following description of the drawings. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings. The drawings, the description and the claims contain numerous features in combination. The person skilled in the art will expediently also consider the features individually and combine them to form meaningful further combinations.
[0039] In the drawings:
[0040] FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a system for laying nettings in mining and/or in tunnel construction having a device, a netting unit and a construction machine,
[0041] FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a detail of the netting of the netting unit,
[0042] FIG. 3 shows a schematic perspective view of the netting unit and the device with a netting receiving apparatus having open closure elements,
[0043] FIG. 4 shows a further schematic perspective view of the device with the netting receiving apparatus, wherein the netting unit is arranged in a netting receiving space of the netting receiving apparatus and wherein the closure elements are closed,
[0044] FIG. 5 shows a schematic vertical sectional illustration of the device with the netting receiving apparatus and with a protective unit,
[0045] FIG. 6 shows a schematic perspective rear view of the netting receiving apparatus,
[0046] FIG. 7 shows a part of a schematic vertical sectional illustration of the device with the netting receiving apparatus, the closure element of which is equipped with an alternative inhibiting element, and
[0047] FIG. 8 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method for providing nettings in mining and/or tunnel construction.
DESCRIPTION OF THE EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS
[0048] FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a system 56 for laying nettings in mining and/or in tunnel construction. The system 56 has a construction machine 10. The construction machine 10 is designed as a bolter/jumbo. The construction machine 10 is configured for drilling holes in rock walls 68. The construction machine 10 is modified in such a way that it is additionally configured for laying the nettings. The system 56 has a device 58. The device 58 is fixedly connected to the construction machine 10. The construction machine 10 has a boom 62. The device 58 is fastened to the boom 62. The device 58 is fastened to the boom 62 instead of a drill. The device 58 is fastened to the outermost end of the boom 62. The construction machine 10 has a further boom 64. The further boom 64 has a drill 66. The further boom 64 is configured for fastening the nettings to the rock wall 68. The device 58 is configured for providing the nettings for mounting on the rock wall 68. The system 56 has a netting unit 14. The netting unit 14 is configured as a netting roll. The construction machine 10 is configured to move the device 58 along the rock wall 68 and in the process to unroll the netting roll for dispensing the netting. Meanwhile, the drill 66 fastens the netting, which has already been unrolled, to the rock wall 68.
[0049] FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a detail of the netting of the netting unit 14. The netting is designed as a wire net. The wire of the wire net is formed by a high-tensile steel. The netting is designed as a safety net for securing against small rockfall/rockfall. The netting has a plurality of helices 70. The helices 70 engage in one another in each case. The helices 70 are braided into one another. The helices 70 are aligned parallel to one another. The helices 70 each have the shape of a flattened helix. The helices 70 each have a sequence of alternating legs 72, 74. The helices 70 each have bending regions 76. A bending region 76 connects two legs 72, 74 of a helix 70 in each case. In the tensioned state of the netting, mutually engaging helices 70 touch one another in a vicinity of the bending regions 76, preferably at the bending regions 76. The legs 72, 74 each span a bending angle 78. The bending angle 78 is less than 90. The netting forms a diamond-shaped mesh shape 80. The netting has a mesh extent 30. The mesh extent 30 corresponds to a width of the diamond-shaped mesh shape 80 parallel to a longitudinal direction 82 of the helices 70. The helices 70 are each formed from an individual wire. Alternatively, helices 70 could also be formed from a wire bundle, a wire strand, a wire rope and/or another longitudinal element.
[0050] FIG. 3 shows a schematic perspective view of the device 58 for providing nettings by means of the construction machine 10. In addition, FIG. 3 schematically shows a netting unit 14 which is configured as a netting roll. The device 58 has a netting receiving apparatus 12. The netting receiving apparatus 12 is configured to receive the netting unit 14. The netting receiving apparatus 12 is configured to partially enclose the received netting unit 14 (see also FIG. 4). The netting receiving apparatus 12 forms a netting receiving space 34. The netting receiving space 34 is of approximately cylindrical shape. The netting receiving space 34 is configured to receive the netting unit 14. The netting receiving space 34 of the netting receiving apparatus 12 is designed to be overwidth in relation to a web width 84 of a netting unit 14 which can be provided by the netting receiving apparatus 12. As a result of the overwidth, the netting receiving space 34 provides a tolerance range for varying packing widths of otherwise identically designed netting units 14.
[0051] The netting receiving apparatus 12 delimits the netting receiving space 34 by walls 36, 90. The walls 36, 90 of the netting receiving apparatus 12, in particular the walls 36 which delimit the receiving space in the circumferential direction 92, have lightweight construction recesses 38. The lightweight construction recesses 38 are configured as round holes/bores/punchings. However, other shapes are also conceivable. The netting receiving apparatus 12 has a support element 44. The support element 44 is configured for positioning the netting receiving apparatus 12 on a base. The support element 44 forms a planar support surface and/or positioning feet on the otherwise cylindrical circumference of the netting receiving apparatus 12. The netting receiving apparatus 12 has a bearing unit 48 for optionally rotatably bearing netting roll central rods (not illustrated)if these are present. The bearing unit 48 is formed by holes arranged opposite one another in the axial direction 86 of the netting receiving apparatus 12 in the walls 90 which delimit the netting receiving apparatus 12 in the axial direction 86. The netting receiving apparatus 12 has stiffening elements 54, 88. A part of the stiffening elements 54 extend parallel to a main extension direction 52 of the netting receiving apparatus 12. The stiffening elements 54 which extend parallel to the main extension direction 52 of the netting receiving apparatus 12 are arranged on a wall 36 which delimits the netting receiving space 34 in the circumferential direction 92. A further part of the stiffening elements 88 extend perpendicularly to the main extension direction 52 of the netting receiving apparatus 12. The stiffening elements 88 which extend perpendicularly to the main extension direction 52 of the netting receiving apparatus 12 are arranged on a wall 90 which delimits the netting receiving space 34 in the axial direction 86.
[0052] The netting receiving apparatus 12 forms a netting receiving opening 16. The netting receiving opening 16 forms an access for introducing the netting unit 14 into the netting receiving space 34. The netting receiving opening 16 can be partially closed. The netting receiving apparatus 12 has a closure element 22. The closure element 22 is configured to partially close the netting receiving opening 16. The closure element 22 is movably supported. The closure element 22 is displaceably supported in the circumferential direction 92. The closure element 22 is manually displaceable. To simplify the manual displaceability of the closure element 22, grip elements (not illustrated) can be provided. The netting receiving apparatus 12 has a guide rail 24. The guide rail 24 is configured to guide the closure element 22 on the circumference of the netting receiving apparatus 12. The guide rail 24 is covered by transverse struts 94. The transverse struts 94 serve for captive holding of the closure element 22 in the guide rail 24. The transverse struts 94 serve for reinforcement/stiffening of the netting receiving apparatus 12. The closure element 22 is substantially narrower than the netting receiving opening 16 in a main extension direction 26 of the netting receiving opening 16. The closure element 22 has a width 100 which corresponds to at least one mesh extent 30 of the netting configured for provision.
[0053] The netting receiving apparatus 12 has a further closure element 32. The further closure element 32 is at least substantially identical to the closure element 22. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in the figures, the netting receiving apparatus 12 has a total of three closure elements 22, 32, wherein more or less are also conceivable. The closure elements 22, 32 are arranged and/or designed in such a way that a netting unit 14 (see also FIG. 4) which is arranged in the netting receiving space 34 cannot fall out of the netting receiving space 34 irrespective of a spatial position of the netting receiving apparatus 12. In FIG. 3, the closure elements 22, 32 are illustrated in a completely open position. The netting receiving apparatus 12 has a netting insertion aid element 46. The netting insertion aid element 46 is arranged in a region of the netting receiving apparatus 12 which delimits the netting receiving opening 16. The netting insertion aid element 46 is arranged in an edge region of the netting receiving opening 16 which faces the support element 44. The netting insertion aid element 46 is configured to support an insertion of the netting unit 14 into the netting receiving space 34. The netting insertion aid element 46 is designed as a bevel 96. The bevel 96 tapers the netting receiving apparatus 12 towards the netting receiving opening 16. In the position of the netting receiving apparatus 12 in which it is set up on the support element 44, the bevel 96 forms a type of ramp for the insertion of the netting unit 14. The netting receiving apparatus 12 can be used by the netting insertion aid element 46 in a manner of an excavator blade when the closure elements 22, 32 are open. The netting insertion aid element 46, in particular the bevel 96, extends over the entire axial length of the netting receiving opening 16, in particular of the netting receiving apparatus 12.
[0054] FIG. 4 shows a further schematic perspective view of the device 58 for providing nettings by means of the construction machine 10, wherein the closure elements 22, 32 are positioned in a position in which they close the netting receiving opening 16. In this state, the netting receiving apparatus 12 forms a netting dispensing opening 18 which, in particular, is of different size than the netting receiving opening 16 described above. The netting dispensing opening 18 is of slot-like design. The netting dispensing opening 18 overlaps with the netting receiving opening 16. A lower edge (located in the direction of the support element 44) of the netting receiving opening 16 likewise forms a lower edge of the netting dispensing opening 18. However, an upper edge (as seen in the installation direction of the netting receiving apparatus 12) of the netting receiving opening 16 is different from an upper edge of the netting dispensing opening 18. The upper edge of the netting dispensing opening 18, as seen in the installation direction of the netting receiving apparatus 12, is formed/delimited substantially by netting output opening-side ends 28 of the closure elements 22, 32. In a closed state, the closure elements 22, 32 directly partially delimit the netting dispensing opening 18.
[0055] The netting receiving apparatus 12 has an inhibiting element 20. The netting dispensing opening 18 is equipped with the inhibiting element 20. The inhibiting element 20 is configured to prevent uncontrolled netting output of the netting unit 14 introduced into the netting receiving space 34. The inhibiting element 20 is configured to prevent automatic unrolling of the netting roll. The inhibiting element 20 is configured to allow tensioning of the netting by a movement of the netting receiving apparatus 12 along the rock wall 68. The inhibiting element 20 is arranged at the netting output opening-side end 28 of the closure element 22. Here, the inhibiting element 20 is replaceably attached to the netting receiving apparatus 12, in particular to the closure element 22. The inhibiting element 20 has a width 98 which corresponds to at least the mesh extent 30 of the netting configured for provision. In the case illustrated, the width 98 of the inhibiting element 20 corresponds approximately to the width 100 of the closure element 22. However, deviations in the widths 98, 100 and/or arrangements with a plurality of inhibiting elements 20 on a closure element 22 are likewise conceivable. Each of the closure elements 22, 32 is equipped with one or more inhibiting elements 20 on the netting output opening side.
[0056] The inhibiting element 20 is arranged on the netting receiving apparatus 12, in particular the closure element 22, in such a way that, in an unloaded state (i.e. in a state in which the netting does not emerge through the netting dispensing opening 18), the inhibiting element 20 completely covers the netting dispensing opening 18 in a portion which corresponds to the width 98 of the inhibiting element 20. The unloaded closed state is not illustrated in the figures. In FIG. 4, the netting is partially pulled out of the netting receiving space 34, that is to say passes through the netting dispensing opening 18. The inhibiting element 20 is of elastic design. The inhibiting element 20 is formed from a rubber material. The inhibiting element 20 is designed as a rubber plate. The elastic inhibiting element 20 is elastically bent/elastically deflected by the netting emerging from the netting dispensing opening 18 (see also FIG. 5). The inhibiting element 20 is configured to apply a pressing to part of the netting. By virtue of the fact that the inhibiting element 20 wishes to return to its rest position/its initial shape by virtue of its elasticity, the inhibiting element 20 produces the pressing on that part of the netting which is in touch contact with the inhibiting element 20. Consequently, the inhibiting element 20 is configured to always apply the pressing to that part of the netting which is currently emerging from the netting dispensing opening 18. By virtue of the arrangement of the inhibiting element 20 at the netting output opening-side end 28 of the closure element 22, the closure element 22 is configured to adjust the pressing applied by the inhibiting element 20. The smaller the netting dispensing opening 18 is selected by the adjustment of the closure element 22, the stronger/narrower the inhibiting element 20 has to be bent by the netting emerging from the netting dispensing opening 18.
[0057] FIG. 5 shows a schematic vertical sectional illustration of the device 58 with the netting receiving apparatus 12. The closure element 22 is in a closed state. The netting roll which is arranged in the netting receiving space 34 is illustrated as partially pulled out of the netting dispensing opening 18. The inhibiting element 20 is strongly deformed/bent outward by the pulling out of the netting. The inhibiting element 20 consequently presses the netting against an opposite edge of the netting dispensing opening 18, in particular against the netting insertion aid element 46/the bevel 96. The closure element 22 is fixed at an end 102 facing away from the netting output opening-side end 28 on a main body of the netting receiving apparatus 12/on the guide rail 24. By way of example, a bolt fixing of the closure element 22 is shown in FIG. 5. However, alternative fixing methods are of course conceivable. The closure element 22 can be fixed in different closed positions which each bring about slightly different (vertical) sizes of the netting dispensing opening 18. As a result, a strength of the pressing/inhibition generated by the inhibiting element 20 can be set and/or a partially worn inhibiting element 20 can be readjusted, depending on the choice of the closed position of the closure element 22.
[0058] The device 58 has a protective unit 40. The protective unit 40 is illustrated schematically only in FIG. 5. In the further figures, the protective unit 40 is not shown for reasons of clarity. The protective unit 40 covers an outer side 42 of the netting receiving apparatus 12. The protective unit 40 is provided in order to avoid injuries, such as, for example, clamping of fingers when reaching through the lightweight construction recess 38. The protective unit 40 is provided in order to avoid penetration of soiling, such as, for example, concrete, mud or dirt, into the netting receiving space 34. The protective unit 40 is formed by a fine-meshed net (wire net). Alternatively, at least partial designs of the protective unit 40 by tarpaulins, films, textiles or the like are also conceivable. The netting receiving apparatus 12 has a fastening unit 50 for fastening to the construction machine 10. The fastening unit 50 can also be seen in FIG. 6, which shows a schematic perspective rear view of the netting receiving apparatus 12.
[0059] FIG. 7 schematically shows the device 58 with a netting receiving apparatus 12, the closure element 22 of which is equipped with an alternative inhibiting element 20. The alternative inhibiting element 20 is partially designed as a roll 104. In this case, the device 58 has a plurality of alternative inhibiting elements 20 which are each designed as rolls 104. The alternative inhibiting elements 20 which are designed as rolls 104 are arranged in accordance with a half mesh extent 30 of the netting of the netting unit 14.
[0060] FIG. 8 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method for providing nettings in mining and/or tunnel construction by means of the system 56. In at least one method step 106, the device 58 is mounted on the boom 62 of the construction machine 10. In at least one method step 108, the closure elements 22, 32 are moved into the maximum open position. In at least one method step 110, the netting receiving apparatus 12 is moved analogously to an excavator blade in such a way that a netting unit 14 is received in the netting receiving space 34. For this purpose, the netting insertion aid element 46 is moved under the netting unit 14 by a movement of the boom 62 and is subsequently tilted slightly. Alternatively, the netting unit 14 can also be manually inserted into the netting receiving space 34. In at least one further method step 112, the closure elements 22, 32 are closed. In at least one further method step 114, the netting is pulled out of the netting dispensing opening 18. This can be done manually, for example. In this case, the inhibiting elements 20 are elastically bent, with the result that they exert a pressure on the netting. In at least one method step 60, uncontrolled netting output is prevented by exerting the pressure on the netting. In at least one method step 116, the netting is fastened to the rock wall 68 at a first point. This can be done, for example, with the aid of the further boom 64 of the construction machine 10. In at least one further method step 118, the device 58 is moved further along the rock wall 68 by the boom 62. In this case, the netting, which is already fastened to the rock wall 68 at the first point, is pulled further out of the netting receiving apparatus 12. In at least one further method step 120, the further-pulled-out piece of the netting is fastened to a second point of the rock wall 68, for example with the aid of the second boom 64. The two last-mentioned method steps 118, 120 are repeated multiple times until an entire netting web formed by the netting unit 14 is anchored to the rock wall 68. In the favorable case, the netting web of the netting unit 14 extends over an entire length of a tunnel cross section/adit cross section.
