Test chamber and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a test chamber and to a method for operating a test chamber for conditioning air, in particular a temperature control chamber, a climate chamber or the like, the test chamber comprising a temperature-insulated test space, which can be sealed from an environment and serves to hold test material, and a temperature control device for controlling the temperature of the test space, the temperature control device being configured to establish a temperature in a temperature range of 50 C. to +180 C. within the test space, the temperature control device having a heating feature and a cooling feature with a cooling circuit with a refrigerant, a heat exchanger in the test space, a compressor, a condenser and an expansion member, the refrigerant being a hydrocarbon or a refrigerant mixture of hydrocarbons, the test chamber being provided with a machine room physically separated from the test space, the cooling circuit with the compressor being at least partially disposed in the machine room. The test chamber comprises a ventilation system having a detector with at least one gas sensor for detecting refrigerant in the test space, the ventilation system comprising a fan and an exhaust duct, the exhaust duct being connected to the test space in such a manner that the fan can transport air from the test space into the exhaust duct, the fan comprising a fan motor and a fan impeller, the fan motor being disposed in an air-tight enclosure, or the exhaust duct being connected to the test space and the machine room in such a manner that the one fan can transport air from the machine room and the test space into the exhaust duct.

Claims

1. A test chamber for conditioning air, the test chamber comprising: a temperature-insulated test space configured to be sealable from an environment and to hold a test material, and a temperature control device configured to control temperature of the temperature-insulated test space and to establish said temperature in a temperature range from 50 C. to +180 C. within the temperature-insulated test space, the temperature control device having a heating feature and a cooling feature with a cooling circuit containing a refrigerant that includes a hydrocarbon or a refrigerant mixture of hydrocarbons, a heat exchanger in the test space, a compressor, a condenser, and an expansion member, wherein the test chamber is provided with a machine room physically separated from the temperature-insulated test space, the cooling circuit with the compressor being at least partially disposed in the machine room, wherein the test chamber comprises a ventilation system having a detector with at least one gas sensor for detecting configured to detect the refrigerant in the temperature-insulated test space, the ventilation system comprising a fan and an exhaust duct, the exhaust duct being connected to the temperature-insulated test space in such a manner that the fan can transport air from the temperature-insulated test space into the exhaust duct, wherein the fan comprises a fan motor and a fan impeller, the fan motor being disposed in an air-tight enclosure.

2. The test chamber according to claim 1, wherein the air-tight enclosure is made of a metal or sheet metal and separates the fan motor (26) at least from the exhaust duct, the test space, and/or the machine room in an air-tight manner.

3. The test chamber according to claim 1, wherein an exhaust air temperature in the exhaust duct approximately corresponds to the temperature within the test space.

4. The test chamber according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust duct is connected to the temperature-insulated test space via a first duct section of the exhaust duct and to the machine room via a second duct section of the exhaust duct, wherein the fan is disposed in the first duct section, and an auxiliary fan of the ventilation system is disposed in the second duct section.

5. The test chamber according to claim 4, wherein the first duct section and the second duct section end in a common duct section of the exhaust duct.

6. The test chamber according to claim 4, wherein the auxiliary fan is configured for use in an explosive atmosphere according to the ATEX equipment directive 2014/34/EU and/or the ATEX workplace directive 1999/92/EC.

7. A test chamber for conditioning air, the test chamber comprising: a temperature-insulated test space configured to be sealable from an environment and to hold test material, and a temperature control device configured to control temperature of the temperature-insulated test space and to establish said temperature in a temperature range from 50 C. to +180 C. within the temperature-insulated test space, the temperature control device having a heating feature and a cooling feature with a cooling circuit with a refrigerant that includes a hydrocarbon or a refrigerant mixture of hydrocarbons, a heat exchanger in the temperature-insulated test space, a compressor, a condenser, and an expansion member, wherein the test chamber is provided with a machine room physically separated from the temperature-insulated test space, wherein the cooling circuit with the compressor is at least partially disposed in the machine room, wherein the test chamber comprises a ventilation system having a detector with at least one gas sensor configured to detect the refrigerant in the temperature-insulated test space, the ventilation system comprises a fan and an exhaust duct that is connected to the test space and the machine room in such a manner that one fan can transport air from the machine room and the temperature-insulated test space into the exhaust duct.

8. The test chamber according to claim 7, wherein the one fan is configured for use in an explosive atmosphere according to the ATEX equipment directive 2014/34/EU and/or the ATEX workplace directive 1999/92/EC.

9. The test chamber according to claim 7, wherein the exhaust duct is connected to the temperature-insulated test space via a first duct section of the exhause duct and to the machine room via a second duct section of the exhaust duct, the first duct section and the second duct section ending in a common duct section of the exhaust duct, the one fan being disposed in the common duct section.

10. The test chamber according to claim 7 wherein the exhaust duct is connected to the temperature-insulated test space via a first duct section of the exhaust duct and the ventilation system has an adjustment valve disposed in the first duct section.

11. The test chamber according to claim 7, wherein the exhaust duct is connected to the temperature-insulated test space via a first duct section of the exhaust duct and to the machine room via a second duct section of the exhaust duct, and the ventilation system has at least one sensor disposed in the first duct section, the second duct section, and/or an air supply duct of the ventilation system, wherein the air supply duct is connected to the temperature-insulated test space and the at least one sensor is a flow sensor and/or a temperature sensor.

12. The test chamber according to claim 7, wherein the exhaust duct is connected to the temperature-insulated test space via a first duct section of the exhaust duct and to the machine room via a second duct section of the exhaust duct, the first duct section and the second duct section ending in a common duct section of the exhaust duct, and wherein the test chamber has a controller configured to control an exhaust air temperature in the common duct section in a temperature range from 20 C. to +60 C.

13. The test chamber according to claim 1, wherein the fan is disposed within the machine room.

14. The test chamber according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation system has an air supply duct connected to the temperature-insulated test space, and wherein at least one valve is disposed both in the air supply duct and in the exhaust duct.

15. The test chamber according to claim 14, wherein the at least one valve includes at least one flap operable by a difference in pressure.

16. The test chamber according to claim 1, wherein the detector comprises at least one auxiliary gas sensor in the machine room, the machine room being separated from the test space in an air-tight manner.

17. The test chamber according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant is free from fluorinated hydrocarbons, is flammable, and/or consists of a single substance.

18. The test chamber according to claim 1, wherein the temperature control device is configured to establish said temperature in a temperature range from 80 C. to +180 C. within the temperature-controlled test space.

19. A method for operating a test chamber having a temperature-insulated test space that is configured to be sealed from an environment and to hold a test material, the temperature-controlled test space being temperature-controlled with a temperature control device of the test chamber, the temperature control device being used to establish a temperature in a temperature range 50 C. to +180 C. within the temperature-controlled test space, wherein the temperature control device has a heating feature and a cooling feature with a cooling circuit with a refrigerant, a heat exchanger in the temperature-controlled test space, a compressor, a condenser, and an expansion member, wherein the refrigerant is a hydrocarbon or a refrigerant mixture of hydrocarbons, the test chamber is provided with a machine room physically separated from the temperature-controlled test space, and wherein the cooling circuit with the compressor is at least partially disposed in the machine room, the method comprising: detecting said refrigerant in the temperature-controlled test space using at least one gas sensor of a detector of a ventilation system of the test chamber, and transporting air from the temperature-controlled test space into an exhaust duct of the ventilation system with a fan of the ventilation, wherein the exhaust duct is connected to the temperature-controlled test space wherein the fan comprises a fan motor that is disposed in an air-tight enclosure, and a fan impeller.

20. A method for operating a test chamber for conditioning air, the test chamber having a temperature-insulated test space configured to be sealable, from an environment and to hold test material, the temperature-controlled test space being temperature-controlled using a temperature control device of the test chamber, the temperature control device being configured to establish a temperature in a temperature range from 50 C. to +180 C. within the temperature-controlled test space, wherein the temperature control device has a heating feature and a cooling feature with a cooling circuit with a refrigerant, a heat exchanger in the test space, a compressor, a condenser, and an expansion member, wherein the refrigerant includes a hydrocarbon or a refrigerant mixture of hydrocarbons, the test chamber is provided with a machine room physically separated from the temperature-controlled test space, and the cooling circuit with the compressor is at least partially disposed in the machine room, the method comprising: detecting said refrigerant in the temperature-controlled test space using at least one gas sensor of a detector of a ventilation system of the test chamber, and transporting air from the machine room and the temperature-controlled test space into an exhaust duct of the ventilation system with a fan of the ventilation system, wherein the exhaust duct is connected to the temperature-controlled test space and the machine room.

21. The method according to claim 19, further comprising operating the ventilation system with a controller of the test chamber when the detector detects refrigerant.

22. The method according to claim 19, further comprising with a control device of the test chamber, testing a function of the ventilation system before the temperature control device is put into operation.

Description

(1) Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be discussed in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(2) FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a test chamber in a section view;

(3) FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the test chamber in a perspective partial view;

(4) FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the test chamber;

(5) FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the test chamber.

(6) FIGS. 1 and 2 show schematic illustrations of a test chamber 10 with a housing 11, within which a test space 12 and a machine room 13 are formed. A heat exchanger 14 of a cooling circuit (not shown) of a temperature control device of test chamber 10 is disposed in test space 12. A test space fan 15 can be used to circulate air within test space 12 past heat exchanger 14. A valve box 16, in which valves (not shown) of the cooling circuit are integrated, is disposed in machine room 13. Valve box 16 is open toward machine room 13. Furthermore, a condenser 17 and a compressor 18 of the cooling circuit are disposed in machine room 13. Openings 19 and 20 for ventilating machine room 13 are formed in machine room 13. A gas sensor 22 of a detector (not shown) is disposed at a bottom 21 of machine room 13. Moreover, a ventilation system 23 is provided in machine room 13. Ventilation system 23 comprises a fan 24 and an exhaust duct 25, which is connected to test space 12. Fan 24 can transport air from test space 12 into exhaust duct 25 when refrigerant, in particular a hydrocarbon or a refrigerant mixture of hydrocarbons, is detected in test space 12 or in machine room 13 by a gas sensor (not shown) in or on test space 12 or by gas sensor 22.

(7) Fan 24 comprises a fan motor 26 and a fan impeller 27, fan motor 26 being disposed in an air-tight enclosure 28. Enclosure 28 is made of sheet metal and disposed within machine room 13. According to the illustration in FIG. 2, ventilation system 23 can comprise another fan 29, which is composed of a fan motor 30 and a fan impeller 31. Fan 29 allows ventilating machine room 13. Fan motor 26 can be a conventional fan motor, which does not have to be configured for operation in explosive atmospheres. Fan 29, on the other hand, is intended for use in explosive atmospheres. Fan 24 and fan 29 are connected to a common duct section 32 of exhaust duct 25. In the case at hand, common duct section 32 runs outside of housing 11 in an environment 33. As a result, a potential explosive mixture of refrigerant and air is located outside of housing 11.

(8) FIG. 3 shows a test chamber 34, which has a test space 35 and a machine room 36. Test chamber 34 is provided with a ventilation system 37, which has an exhaust duct 38 with a first duct section 39, a second duct section 40 and a common duct section 41. Furthermore, a gas sensor 42 is disposed in test space 35 and another gas sensor 43 is disposed in machine room 36. Gas sensor 42 can also be disposed outside test space 35 and can be connected to test space 35 via a duct, for example. Moreover, an air supply duct 44 is provided, via which air from an environment 45 can be introduced into test space 35. Sensors 46, 47 and 48 are disposed in first duct section 39, second duct section 40 and air supply duct 44, respectively. Sensors 46, 47 and 48 are flow sensors and/or temperature sensors, which can measure a volumetric flow rate and/or a temperature of the air located there. Flaps 49, which can be operated by a difference in pressure, are disposed in first duct section 39, and flaps 50, which can be operated in the same manner, are disposed in air supply duct 44. A fan 51 is disposed in first duct section 39, and another fan 52 is disposed in second duct section 40. Fan 51 has an enclosure 53, which shields a fan motor (not shown) in an air-tight manner.

(9) In the event of a leak of a cooling circuit (not shown) and an escape of refrigerant, which is a hydrocarbon or a refrigerant mixture of hydrocarbons, in test space 35 or machine room 36, gas sensors 42 and 43 can detect this refrigerant. In this case, a control device (not shown) of test chamber 34 activates ventilation system 37, i.e., fan 51 and fan 52. A controller (not shown) of the control device can monitor a function of fans 51 and 52 via sensors 46, 47 and/or 48. A function test of this kind can be performed in particular before a temperature control device of test chamber 34 is put into operation. Fan 51 and fan 52 can also be operated independently. In any case, first duct section 39 and second duct section 40 end in common duct section 41. Common duct section 41, in turn, leads to environment 45. Flaps 49 and 50 can be made of silicone and be operable by a difference in pressure. Test space 35 is closed by flaps 49 and 50 when fan 51 is not operational. Fan 51 can be a conventional fan which is not explicitly configured for use in explosive atmospheres. Fan 52 is configured for use in explosive atmospheres.

(10) FIG. 4 shows a test chamber 54 having a test space 55, a machine room 56 and a ventilation system 57. Ventilation system 57 comprises an exhaust duct 58 with a first duct section 59, a second duct section 60 and an air supply duct 61. First duct section 59 and air supply duct 61 are connected to test space 55. Second duct section 60 is connected to machine room 56. First duct section 59 and second duct section 60 end in a common duct section 62 of exhaust duct 58. A gas sensor 63 is disposed in test space 55, and another gas sensor 64 is disposed in machine room 56, gas sensors 63 and 64 serving to detect refrigerant, in particular a hydrocarbon or a refrigerant mixture of hydrocarbons. Moreover, sensors 65, 66, and 67 are disposed in first duct section 59, second duct section 60 and air supply duct 61, sensors 65, 66, and 67 serving to detect a temperature and/or an air flow or a volumetric flow rate within duct sections 59 and 60 and air supply duct 61. Moreover, flaps 68 and 69, which can be made of silicone, for example, and by means of which test space 55 can be closed, are disposed in first duct section 59 and in air supply duct 61, respectively. Flaps 68 and 69 can be configured to automatically open as a result of a pressure gradient.

(11) A fan 70, by means of which air can be transported or suctioned out of test space 55 and machine room 56, is disposed in common duct section 62. In particular, make-up air from an environment 71 can flow through air supply duct 61. The aspirated air is expelled back into environment 71 by fan 70 via common duct section 62. A ratio of the air suctioned out of test space 55 and machine room 56 is set or controlled by means of an adjustment valve 72, which is disposed in first duct section 59. Adjustment valve 72 is controlled by a controller (not shown) of a control device (not shown) of test chamber 54. This control takes place with the aid of at least sensors 65 and 66. A temperature and optionally a volumetric flow rate of the air to be transported is measured in first duct section 59 and second duct section 60 and mixed in such a manner by means of adjustment valve 72 upstream of fan 70 that a temperature at fan 70 does not exceed or drop below a temperature range for which fan 70 is configured. Fan 70 is configured for use in explosive atmospheres, for example, for a temperature range of +60 C. to 20 C. The configuration of ventilation system 57 in the manner illustrated is what enables the use of fan 70.