AXLE DRIVE
20230113055 · 2023-04-13
Inventors
Cpc classification
B60K2007/0076
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
F16H57/0421
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F16H57/0495
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F16H57/021
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F16H63/345
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F16H1/12
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
B60K1/00
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
F16H2057/02052
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F16H2057/02034
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
B60K2001/001
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
F16H37/0813
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F16H57/038
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
International classification
F16H1/12
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
B60K1/00
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
F16H37/08
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F16H57/021
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F16H57/023
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F16H57/038
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F16H57/04
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
Abstract
An axle drive for a vehicle comprising at least one drivable vehicle axle oriented transversely to a longitudinal direction of the vehicle comprises: a drive shaft that extends in parallel with the longitudinal direction and that is configured to receive drive power from an electric motor at an input section and to output said drive power at an output section; a driven shaft that extends in parallel with the drive shaft and that is configured to receive drive power from the output section of the drive shaft at an input section and to output said drive power to the vehicle axle via a bevel gear arranged at a first end of the driven shaft; and a brake, in particular a parking brake, having a brake disk that is arranged at a second end of the driven shaft and that is arranged between the input section of the drive shaft and the input section of the driven shaft with respect to the longitudinal direction.
Claims
1. An axle drive for a vehicle comprising at least one drivable vehicle axle oriented transversely to a longitudinal direction of the vehicle, said axle drive comprising a drive shaft that extends in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and that is configured to receive drive power from an electric motor at an input section and to output said drive power at an output section; a driven shaft that extends offset from the drive shaft in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the vehicle between a first end and a second end opposite thereto and that is configured to receive drive power from the output section of the drive shaft at an input section and to output said drive power to the vehicle axle via a bevel gear arranged at the first end; and a brake, in particular a parking brake, having a brake disk that is arranged at the second end of the driven shaft and that is arranged between the input section of the drive shaft and the input section of the driven shaft with respect to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
2. The axle drive in accordance with claim 1, wherein the axle drive further comprises a housing in which the drive shaft and the driven shaft are received, wherein the output section of the drive shaft and the input section of the driven shaft are arranged within the housing.
3. The axle drive in accordance with claim 2, wherein the housing has a bearing section integrally formed in one part or is formed by a bearing section which is integrally formed in one part, wherein bearings for supporting at least one of the drive shaft and/or the driven shaft are supported at the bearing section.
4. The axle drive in accordance with claim 2, wherein an inner space of the housing defines a common oil chamber for the drive shaft and the driven shaft.
5. The axle drive in accordance with claim 4, wherein the axle drive is configured such that the common oil chamber communicates with an axle chamber into which the bevel gear projects.
6. The axle drive in accordance with claim 2, wherein the brake disk is arranged outside the housing.
7. The axle drive (11) in accordance with claim 6, wherein the housing extends around the brake disk such that it axially surrounds a peripheral region of the brake disk at both sides.
8. The axle drive in accordance with claim 7, wherein a reception recess for the brake disk is formed at the housing, said reception recess having two side sections that face radially outwardly with respect to the drive shaft and that are axially connected to one another radially inside, wherein said peripheral region of the brake disk is arranged between the side sections.
9. The axle drive in accordance with claim 8, wherein the reception recess is at least partly formed by a flange section of the housing, said flange section being provided for fastening the electric motor to the housing.
10. The axle drive in accordance with claim 2, wherein the brake comprises a brake caliper that is fastened to, an outer side of the housing.
11. The axle drive in accordance with claim 10, wherein the brake caliper of the brake and the reception recess of the housing are arranged diametrically opposite one another with respect to the driven shaft.
12. The axle drive in accordance with claim 10, wherein the axle drive is configured such that the brake disk can be removed without dismantling or opening the housing in that the brake caliper is first released from the housing and is then radially removed from the housing with respect to the driven shaft and the brake disk is released from the second end of the driven shaft and is then radially removed from the reception recess with respect to the driven shaft.
13. The axle drive in accordance with claim 8, wherein the spacing of the side sections of the reception recess is dimensioned such that the brake disk can be completely removed from the driven shaft or a holder of the driven shaft in an axial direction with respect to the driven shaft.
14. The axle drive in accordance with claim 1, wherein the output section of the drive shaft and the input section of the driven shaft are coupled drive-wise to one another via at least one spur gear set.
15. The axle drive in accordance with claim 14, wherein the drive shaft and the driven shaft are rotationally fixedly connected to a respective gear wheel of the spur gear set, wherein the housing has an assembly opening through which the driven shaft can be introduced into the housing in axial direction, and wherein the housing has an insertion opening through which the gear wheel of the driven shaft can be inserted into the housing from radial direction with respect to the driven shaft.
16. The axle drive in accordance with claim 15, wherein the insertion opening is formed in a base of a fastening recess of the housing, said base being radially inwardly offset relative to an outer border with respect to the driven shaft.
17. The axle drive in accordance with claim 1, wherein the output section of the drive shaft and the input section of the driven shaft are coupled drive-wise to one another such that a speed reduction results on the transmission of the drive power from the drive shaft to the driven shaft.
18. An The axle drive in accordance with claim 1, wherein the axle drive is configured to be installed in the vehicle such that the drive shaft is arranged vertically offset from the driven shaft.
19. The axle drive in accordance with claim 1, wherein the axle drive further comprises a ring gear that meshes with the bevel gear.
20. The axle drive in accordance with claim 19, wherein the ring gear is rotationally fixedly coupled to a half-shaft of the vehicle axle or to a differential for distributing at least a respective portion of the drive power to two half-shafts of the vehicle axle.
21. (canceled)
Description
[0045] The invention will be explained purely by way of example in the following with reference to embodiments and to the drawing.
[0046] There are shown:
[0047]
[0048]
[0049]
[0050] The Figures each show an axle drive 11 for driving a vehicle axle 13 oriented transversely to a longitudinal direction L of a vehicle, not shown. This axle drive 11 in this respect has a drive shaft 19 that is aligned in parallel with the longitudinal direction L and that is coupled via a spur gear set 69 to a driven shaft 27 that likewise extends in parallel with the longitudinal direction L and offset from the drive shaft 19 (cf.
[0051] The drive shaft 19 comprises an input section 21 that forms an end section of the drive shaft 19 and that is configured to receive drive power from an electric motor 23 (cf. in particular
[0052] A bevel gear 35 that meshes with a ring gear 87 is further arranged at a first end 29 of the driven shaft 27 to transmit drive power to the vehicle axle 13 and to deflect it in so doing. As can be seen from
[0053] The drive shaft 19 and the driven shaft 27 are, at least partly, arranged within a housing 41, wherein in particular the output section 25 of the drive shaft 19 and the input section 33 of the driven shaft 27 and accordingly also the spur gear set 69 are arranged in an inner space 49 of the housing 41 (cf.
[0054] While the bearings 47 of the driven shaft 27 and the bearing 46 of the drive shaft 19 are supported directly at the bearing section 43, the bearing 45 of the drive shaft 19 arranged in the region of the input section 21 is directly supported at a flange section 63 and is indirectly supported at the bearing section 43 via the flange section 63. This flange section 63 in particular serves to connect an electric motor 23 (cf.
[0055] The gear wheels 71 and 73 of the drive shaft 19 or the driven shaft 27 are here configured such that a reduction or a slowing down of the rotational speed of the drive shaft 19 takes place at the spur gear set 29 and the driven shaft 27 rotates slowed down with respect to the drive shaft 19. In particular on the use of fast-rotating electric motors 23 for transmitting drive power to the input section 21 of the drive shaft 19, the necessary torques for driving the vehicle axle 13 may be achieved by such a speed reduction stage.
[0056] Furthermore, the inner space 49 of the housing 41 forms a common oil chamber 51 such that the bearings 45, 46, and 47 may be lubricated without a pump, on the one hand, and a larger surface for leading off waste heat generated by the fast-rotating drive shaft 19 may be provided, on the other hand. Waste heat generated by the drive shaft 19 may thus also be led off in a region of the driven shaft 27 that generates a smaller amount of waste heat due to its slowed-down rotation. This common oil chamber 51 may in particular further communicate with an axle chamber 117, into which the bevel gear 35 projects, via the first end 29 of the driven shaft 27 at which the bevel gear 35 is arranged. This may enable a further increase in the radiation surface for leading off waste heat and a lubrication of the axle drive 11 via a gear drive and a wiper in a reservoir without a pump being necessary. In this respect, the axle chamber 117 may in particular be surrounded by an axle chamber housing section 115 that is connected to the bearing section 43 by means of respective fastening means 113. This axle housing section 115 may thus be part of the housing 41 of the axle drive 11 such that the total axle drive 11 or its housing 41 may be pre-assembled and connected as a complete unit to an axle housing 53 of the vehicle axle 13 (cf. also
[0057] As
[0058] To be able to close the insertion opening 77 after the insertion of the gear wheel 73, the housing 41 has a cover 79 that is fastened to a base 85 of a fastening recess 81 by means of a plurality of fastening means 113. Due to the attachment of the cover 79 in the fastening recess 81, the cover 79 is radially inwardly offset relative to an outer border 83 of the fastening recess 81 with respect to the driven shaft 27 and in this respect does not project radially outwardly beyond the border 83. In this way, the cover 79 is protected from external influences and damage, in particular during a trip with the vehicle. The assembly opening 75 and the insertion opening 77, which may be closed by the cover 79, thus enable a simple and convenient assembly of the axle drive 11, wherein a very compact design of the axle drive 11 may be achieved by the two-sided insertion of the driven shaft 27 and the gear wheel 73. Due to the radially inward offset of the cover 79, a possible weakening of the housing 41 by the insertion opening 77 arranged at the lower side of the housing 41 or by a cover 79 positioned elsewhere and in an exposed manner may be reliably prevented.
[0059] While the common oil chamber 51 already mentioned communicates with the axle chamber 117 through the first end 29 of the driven shaft 27, which exits the housing 41, and the bevel gear 35 arranged thereat, the driven shaft 27 projects out of the housing 41 with a second end 31 opposite the first end 29 in a manner sealed by seals 111. At this second end 31, a brake disk 39 of a brake 37 is rotationally fixedly connected to the driven shaft 27 via a holder 67. Due to the seal 111, the brake disk 39 in this respect runs completely dry such that the brake 37 is designed as a dry brake. The brake disk 39 is further arranged between the input section 21 of the drive shaft 19 and the input section 33 of the driven shaft 27 (and thus axially between the electric motor 23 and the spur gear 69) with respect to the longitudinal direction L such that the axle drive 11 does not experience any relevant extension along the longitudinal direction L due to the configuration with the brake disk 39. As can be seen from the Figures, a section of the drive shaft 19 extends radially offset from the brake disk 69.
[0060] The brake 37 further has a brake caliper 65 that is fastened in a floatingly supported manner to an outer side of the housing 41 by being screwed to the housing 41 in parallel with the longitudinal direction L. In this respect, the brake caliper 65 is in particular arranged at a lower side of the housing 41 in an assembled state of the axle drive 11 such that, after a loosening of the screw connection, the brake caliper 65 may be removed in a simple manner in the radial direction with respect to the driven shaft 27 in order to enable access to the brake disk 39.
[0061] The brake 37 in this respect acts as a parking brake and is provided to reliably secure the vehicle against rolling away when stationary by an engagement of the brake caliper 65 into the brake disk 39. In addition, the brake 37 also serves to provide an emergency braking function. For this purpose, the brake caliper 65 may be actively brought out of engagement with the brake disk 39 during the travel, wherein it is configured to automatically come into engagement with the brake disk 39 and to brake the vehicle on a failure or a disturbance of the pressure required for this purpose.
[0062] While the brake disk 39 is arranged completely outside the housing 41 or its inner space 49, the housing 41 forms a reception recess 57 that is bounded in the axial direction by two side sections 59 and 61 and that surrounds a peripheral region 55 of the brake disk 39 that is dependent on the respective rotational position of the brake disk 39. These side sections 59 and 61 extend radially outwardly and are axially connected to one another radially inside with respect to the drive shaft 19. In this respect, the side section 59 is formed by the flange section 63 connected to the bearing section 43, whereas the side section 61 is formed by the bearing section 43 itself. The side section 59 extends outwardly substantially in a straight line in the radial direction with respect to the drive shaft 19, while the side section 61 has a structure and the spacing in the axial direction between the side section 61 and the brake disk 39 changes in the radial direction. Accordingly, the reception recess 57 is substantially U-shaped, wherein the side sections 59 and 61 do not necessarily form rectilinear limbs of this U-shaped reception recess 57.
[0063] Due to the reception recess 57, a high integration of the brake 37 or of its brake disk 39 in the axle drive may be achieved. The nested design of the housing 41 makes it possible to arrange the peripheral region 55 of the brake disk 39 in a section of the axle drive 11 that, due to the spur gear set 69 and the flange section 63, anyway requires a certain extent of the axle drive 11 in the radial direction with respect to the drive shaft 19 or the driven shaft 27. Since the extent of the peripheral section 55, which is surrounded by the side sections 59 and 61, at least approximately corresponds to the radius of the brake disk 39 in the radial direction, the configuration of the axle drive 11 with the brake 37 or the brake disk 39 only requires a minimal additional extent of the axle drive 11 of at most approximately one radius of the brake disk 39 in the radial direction. In the present case, this radial installation space is, in contrast, also already occupied by the gear wheel 73 of the driven shaft 27 such that the configuration of the axle drive 11 with the brake disk 39 substantially does not result in an additional extension of the axle drive 11 in the radial direction. The axle drive 11 may thereby in particular be equipped with a parking brake function and/or an emergency brake function in a very space-saving manner.
[0064] In the longitudinal direction L, the flange section 63 required for connecting the electric motor 23 is arranged only slightly axially offset to provide a free space or the reception recess 57 for the brake disk 39. The configuration of the axle drive 11 with a brake disk 39 thus also requires only a very small additional extension of the axle drive 11 in the longitudinal direction L such that this nested design of the axle drive 11 or of its housing 41 may enable an axle drive 11 of compact design as desired.
[0065] Furthermore, the spacing of the side sections 59 and 61 in the axial direction may be dimensioned such that the brake disk 39 may be completely released from the holder 67 in the axial direction. In order, for example, to be able to replace the brake disk 39, the brake caliper 65 may consequently first be released from the housing 41 and removed in the radial direction. Thereupon, the fastening means 113 by which the brake disk 39 is fastened to the holder 76 may also be released and removed, whereupon the brake disk 39 may be removed from the holder 76 or the driven shaft 27 in the axial direction and may be removed from the reception recess 57 in the radial direction. The axle drive 11 is consequently configured such that the brake disk 39 may be removed without dismantling or opening the housing 41 or without removing individual housing parts.
[0066] Furthermore, due to the reduction of the rotational speed from the drive shaft 19 to the driven shaft 27 taking place at the spur gear set 69, the brake disk 39 also rotates at a reduced rotational speed with respect to the drive element 19 during a journey of the vehicle. Due to this reduced rotational speed, strong vibrations of the brake disk 39 may in particular be prevented from forming such that a noise formation or possible instabilities of the axle drive 11 may be avoided on the use of fast-rotating electric motors 23 for driving the drive shaft 19.
[0067]
[0068] In this embodiment, the ring gear 87 is rotationally fixedly connected to a differential cage 91 of a differential 89 whose driven shafts are rotationally fixedly connected to a respective half-shaft 15 or 17 of a vehicle axle 13. The balancing gears 93 of the differential 89 in this respect make it possible to proportionally transmit drive power received via the bevel gear 35 and the ring gear 87 to the half-shafts 15 and 17.
[0069] As
[0070] The reduction in speed in this respect takes place in that the half-shafts 15 and 17 are rotationally fixedly connected to a respective sun gear 101 that is surrounded by a plurality of planet gears 103. A ring gear 99 arranged concentrically to and surrounding the sun gear 101 is rotationally fixedly held, while the planet gears 103 rotate about axles that are supported on a web 105 revolving around the sun gear 101. In this respect, the web 105 is rotationally fixedly connected to the wheel hub 95 such that the latter rotates at the rotational speed of the web 105 that is reduced in comparison with the sun gear 101 or with a respective one of the half-shafts 13 and 15. In particular on the use of fast-rotating electric motors 23, such outer planetary axles 107 may also be provided to further reduce the rotational speed and to increase the torque.
[0071] In the embodiment shown in
[0072] Alternatively thereto, as illustrated in
[0073] The axle drive 11 disclosed herein consequently enables a very compact design with a high integration of a brake 37, in particular a parking brake, and its brake disk 39 into the axle drive 11. Furthermore, the slowing down of the rotational speed from the drive shaft 19 to the driven shaft 27 and to the brake disk 39 rotationally fixedly connected thereto enables the use of fast-rotating and compact electric motors 23 without the fast rotations resulting in strong vibrations of the brake disk 39 that may possibly damage the axle drive 11 and result in a strong noise formation. The configuration of the axle drive 11 with a housing 41, which has a bearing section 43 integrally formed in one part, may furthermore enable an exact alignment of the bearings 45, 46, and 47 of the drive shaft 19 and of the driven shaft 27 to be able to handle the high rotational speeds of a fast-rotating electric motor 23.
REFERENCE NUMERAL LIST
[0074] 11 axle drive [0075] 13 vehicle axle [0076] 15 first half-shaft [0077] 17 second half-shaft [0078] 19 drive shaft [0079] 21 input section of the drive shaft [0080] 23 electric motor [0081] 25 output section of the drive shaft [0082] 27 driven shaft [0083] 29 first end [0084] 31 second end [0085] 33 input section of the driven shaft [0086] 35 bevel gear [0087] 37 brake [0088] 39 brake disk [0089] 41 housing [0090] 43 bearing section [0091] 45 drive-side bearing of the drive shaft [0092] 46 driven-side bearing of the drive shaft [0093] 47 bearing of the driven shaft [0094] 49 inner space of the housing [0095] 51 common oil chamber [0096] 53 axle housing [0097] 55 peripheral region of the brake disk [0098] 57 reception recess [0099] 59 side section [0100] 61 side section [0101] 63 flange section [0102] 65 brake caliper [0103] 67 holder [0104] 69 spur gear set [0105] 71 gear wheel of the drive shaft [0106] 73 gear wheel of the driven shaft [0107] 75 assembly opening [0108] 77 insertion opening [0109] 79 cover [0110] 81 fastening recess [0111] 83 outer border of the fastening recess [0112] 85 base of the fastening recess [0113] 87 ring gear [0114] 89 differential [0115] 91 differential cage [0116] 93 balancing gear [0117] 95 wheel hub [0118] 97 planetary gear set [0119] 99 ring gear [0120] 101 sun gear [0121] 103 planet gear [0122] 105 web [0123] 107 outer planetary axle [0124] 111 seal [0125] 113 fastening means [0126] 115 axle chamber housing section [0127] 117 axle chamber [0128] L longitudinal direction of the vehicle