VARIABLE TRAJECTORY NON-CIRCULAR DRIVE SYSTEM

Abstract

Disclosed is a variable trajectory non-circular drive (propulsion) system developed for use in all systems that have an energy relationship with air, such as aircraft, wind turbines, automobiles, ventilation and circulation systems, and fluid motion and drive systems. The system has a motion axis of a geometric shape that can be adjusted and which is noncircular instead of a circular route to ensure optimum efficiency. The system also has an adjustment mechanism that adjusts the geometric route of the axis of motion.

Claims

1. A variable trajectory non-circular drive system developed for use in all systems that have an energy relationship with air, such as aircraft, wind turbines, automobiles, ventilation and circulation systems, and fluid motion and drive systems, comprising: a motion axis, of geometric shape that can be adjusted, and which is non-circular instead of a circular route to ensure optimum efficiency, and an adjustment mechanism which adjusts geometric route of the axis of motion.

2. The variable trajectory non-circular drive system according to claim 1, further comprising a speed and control unit which performs the movement of the moving surface at a variable rate of rotation according to the general rotational speeds of blades and adjusts the speed of a blade if the moving surface is included.

3. The variable trajectory non-circular drive system according to claim 1, further comprising a drive unit for transferring energy to blades to perform a defined work along the motion axis.

4. The variable trajectory non-circular drive system according to claim 1, further comprising a blade that moves along the motion axis forming a geometric route and performs the defined work.

5. The variable trajectory non-circular drive system according to claim 1, further comprising movable surfaces which can be positioned on a blade for changing the angles of attack of blades passing through each motion axis, thereby contributing to increased efficiency.

6. The variable trajectory non-circular drive system according to claim 1, further comprising a blade angle of attack positioning guide for keeping the blades on different axes at a desired angle and axis along the motion.

7. The variable trajectory non-circular drive system according to claim 1, further comprising a blade position and/or width adjustment mechanism for adjusting the suction-thrust position of blades in three dimensional axes and the total blade width by dependent or independent movement of a body to which blades moving on the motion axis are connected.

8. The variable trajectory non-circular drive system according to claim 1, wherein the variable trajectory non-circular drive system further comprises an off-trajectory support surface capable of accommodating a flow control and/or a moving surface performing a defined task, which can be positioned in an optimal position.

9. The variable trajectory non-circular drive system according to claim 1, wherein the variable trajectory non-circular drive system further comprises an on-trajectory support surface capable of accommodating a moving surface on which the flow control and/or the defined work can be optimally positioned.

10. The variable trajectory non-circular drive system according to claim 1, further comprising an off-trajectory support surface control mechanism for positioning one or more off-trajectory support surfaces in an optimum size and position for both flow control and performing the defined work.

11. The variable trajectory non-circular drive system according to claim 1, further comprising an on-trajectory support surface control mechanism for positioning the one or more on-trajectory support surfaces in an optimum size and position for both flow control and performance of the defined work.

12. The variable trajectory non-circular drive system according to claim 1, further comprising at least one surface accelerator capable of influencing the fluid motion.

13. The variable trajectory non-circular drive system according to claim 1, further comprising at least one flow manipulator capable of influencing fluid motion.

14. The variable trajectory non-circular drive system according to claim 12, wherein the surface accelerator is the surface accelerator made from: a material that changes the ionization of surfaces in contact with the fluid, a material that changes fluid resistance, or a chemical material that imparts surface smoothness, or an aerodynamic coating material, or a plasma polymerization coating material.

15. The variable trajectory non-circular drive system according to claim 13, wherein the flow manipulator is in the form of a blade/protrusion and is positioned anywhere on any surface of the system in contact with the fluid.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES

[0020] For a better understanding of the structure of the present invention and its advantages with additional elements, it should be evaluated together with the figures described below.

[0021] FIG. 1 is a schematic overview of a variable trajectory non-circular drive (propulsion) system,

[0022] FIG. 2 is a schematic overview of the adjustment mechanism,

[0023] FIG. 3a; schematic detail view of the non-trajectory support surface and support surface control mechanism,

[0024] FIG. 3b is a schematic detail view of the trajectory support surface and the support surface control mechanism, (The trajectory support surface can be connected to the trajectory position without moving with the blades, or it can be positioned in a suitable place on the blades and move with it, the number and positions in the system vary completely depending on the needs)

[0025] FIG. 3c is a perspective drawing of a schematic view of the flow manipulator positioned on the support surface in a preferred embodiment of the invention,

[0026] FIG. 3d is a two-dimensional drawing of a schematic view of the flow manipulator positioned on the support surface in a preferred embodiment of the invention,

[0027] FIG. 4 is a schematic detail view of the schematic detail view of the suction thrust direction blade positioning guide on the non-circular motion axis with variable trajectory,

[0028] FIG. 5 is a schematic detail view of an example moving surface system,

[0029] FIG. 6 is a schematic overview of the speed and direction control system on the moving surface,

[0030] FIG. 7 is a schematic overview of the blade in the known state of the art,

[0031] FIG. 8 is a schematic overview of the circular drive system in the state of the art,

[0032] FIG. 9 is a schematic overview of a typical circular propeller structure with the blades integrated in a circular trajectory.

REFERENCE NUMBERS

[0033] 100. Variable trajectory non-circular drive system [0034] 101. Axis of motion [0035] 102. Drive unit [0036] 103. Blade [0037] 104. Blade positioning guide [0038] 105. Moving surface [0039] 106. Speed and direction control unit [0040] 107. Adjustment mechanism [0041] 108. Blade position and/or width adjustment mechanism [0042] 109. Support surface [0043] 110. Support surface control mechanism [0044] 111. Flow manipulator [0045] K: Conventional propeller blade of state of the art [0046] D: Circular propeller of state of the art [0047] D1: Blade of a circular propeller in the state of the art [0048] D2: Angle of attack mechanism of a circular propeller in the state of the art [0049] D3: Air flow in a circular propeller in the state of the art

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0050] In this detailed description, the variable trajectory non-circular drive (propulsion) system (100), subject to the invention, developed for use in all systems that have an energy relationship with air, such as aircraft, wind turbines, automobiles, ventilation and circulation systems, and motion and drive systems in fluids, is described only as an example for a better understanding of the subject matter and without any limiting effect.

[0051] A new and unique variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100) has been developed in which the blades (103), which have different profile structures, symmetrical or non-symmetrical, with various angles of attack, various sizes, various geometric structures, various numbers and which can be positioned at different unit distances and different positions, follow the axis of motion (101) to generate the transport force. The inventive variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100), shown in FIG. 1, includes an adjustment mechanism (107), shown in FIG. 2, which forms a geometric route that can be adjusted according to the need on the axis of motion (101), the blade (103) that moves and performs the defined work on this axis of motion (101), the blade position and/or width adjustment mechanism (108) and the position of the track (103) with the suction thrust direction track positioning guide (104) on the non-circular axis of motion (101) shown in FIG. 4, if it includes speed, wingspan, angle of attack and moving surface (105), it comprises a speed and direction control unit (106) on the moving surface (105) and a drive (propulsion) unit (102) comprises a speed-adjustable blade (103) or blades (103), which transfers energy to the blade (103) or blades (103) to perform the work defined along the axis of movement (101) in the geometric route set according to the need. The fact that the functioning surfaces in each axis can be adjusted as suction or thrust surfaces according to the need enables the variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100) to perform the desired work with high efficiency.

[0052] In the inventive variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100), the positioning of the suction and thrust axes of the work-producing blades (103) relative to the axis of motion (101) minimizes gyroscopic rotational resistance losses. In the inventive variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100), the optimum positioning of the suction and thrust axes of the work-producing blades (103) in relation to the axis of motion (101) (without rotating the drive unit (102), although the drive unit (102) can be rotated completely if desired) enables steering to be realized with minimum loss at maximum efficiency. The ability to vary the motion trajectory in three dimensions allows the center of action of the work produced on the drive unit (102) to be changed in any plane. Since the dimensions of the aforementioned variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100) can be changed in three dimensions, the most suitable size can be determined according to the current need and the system (100) can take the desired shape according to this configuration. In addition, the movable surfaces (105) that can be placed on the blade (103) of the variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100), and the ability to change the angles of attack of the blades (103) passing through each axis of motion (101) also contribute to increasing efficiency. The shape of the axis of motion (101) can also be changed independently. By changing these axes together, the force direction can be changed without the need to change the fluid direction and the direction of the drive unit (102). Said variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100) comprises a body to which blades (103) moving on the axis of motion (101) are connected, and blades (103) position and/or width adjustment mechanism (108) for adjusting the suction-push position of the blades (103) in three dimensional axes and the total blades width. In the aforementioned variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100), the flow control and/or the support surface (109), which performs the defined work, which can have a moving surface on it and which is in orbit or not in orbit, which can be placed in its optimum position, is positioned in the optimum position in the three-dimensional plane by means of the support surface control mechanism (110). FIG. 3a shows the off-trajectory support surface (109).

[0053] In the aforementioned variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100), since the ideal angle of attack of the blades (103) follows a non-circular axis, the ideal angle of attack with optimum efficiency is maintained throughout the entire path and there is no loss of efficiency unlike circular propellers (cyclorotors). In addition to these gains, the concept of variable trajectory non-circular drive (propulsion) can be further improved with the concept of boundary layer control if desired. At this point, the efficiency of the drive unit (102) can be further increased with the independent moving surface (105) that can be positioned at suitable locations along the entire wing axis (span) of the blade (103). The moving surface (105) shown in FIG. 5 can move at a variable speed according to the general rotation speed of the blades (103). This movement is realized on the moving surface (105) by the speed and direction control unit (106) shown in FIG. 6. This mechanism also adjusts the speed and direction of rotation of the moving surface. The angle of loss of grip (stall) is also delayed due to the inclusion of the moving surface (105). Ultimately, the improved aerodynamic efficiency of the blades (103) is created by placing them in various combinations.

[0054] Moving surfaces (105) placed at the appropriate position of the mentioned blade (103) have an important function in controlling the boundary layer and improving the overall aerodynamic and hydrodynamic fluid parameters. A blade (103) with a fixed surface only starts to operate when it starts to move at a suitable angle, whereas a blade (103) with moving surfaces (105) operates at much lower speeds, over a wider range of blade (103) angles of attack and with higher efficiency.

[0055] This can be explained by the Magnus effect, which states that a surface moving at a given speed always exerts an upward force on the moving surface (105) at right angles to the axis of motion (101). This helps to reduce the friction generated and increases the throughput of work produced on the blades (103).

[0056] The support surface (109) shown in FIG. 3a (the support surface (109) shown in FIG. 3a is off-trajectory) is a system that can be placed in the optimum position of the variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100) when it is desired to be used, and can accommodate a moving surface (105) that performs flow control and/or defined work. These surfaces support the defined work by taking the most appropriate position according to the direction of fluid movement by means of the support surface control mechanism (110), which is on trajectory (if the support surface (109) is on trajectory) or not on trajectory (if the support surface (109) is not on trajectory).

[0057] The off-trajectory support surface control mechanism (110) ensures that one or more off-trajectory support surfaces (109) are positioned in the optimum dimensions and position for both flow control and for performing the defined work. Similarly, the trajectory support surface control mechanism (110) ensures that one or more trajectory support surfaces (109) are positioned in the optimum dimensions and position for both flow control and the defined work to be performed.

[0058] Unlike conventional propellers (screw propellers) (K), both the variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100) and the circular systems operate at constant speed over the entire blade span. This allows them to operate at the highest efficiency along all points of the blade span. Studies on circular propellers (D) have shown that they can be much more efficient in terms of thrust than conventional propeller systems.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100) may comprise a single axis of motion (101) or multiple axes of motion (101).

[0060] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, induced drag reducers are added in the appropriate place of the blades (103) in order to increase the efficiency of the blades (103) in case of need. In addition, drag reducers are also used on all other surfaces in contact with the fluid in the inventive variable trajectory drive (propulsion) system.

[0061] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100) can operate open, or the inlet and outlet velocities of the fluid can be changed and a wall of suitable geometry is added to increase efficiency.

[0062] By the invention, the variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100), the inlet and outlet directions of the fluid flowing through the system can be changed independently. If necessary, regional bearing force differences can be created by changing the movement trajectory of the system along the axis or axes for optimum results in accordance with the desired work in three different axes of the system. This again causes regional bearing force differences. In this way, depending on where the variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100) is to be used, the inlet and outlet directions of the fluid can be changed separately without the need for any control surface or directional rudder. For example, if the variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100) is used in an aircraft, the vehicle can be steered without the use of a flight control surface or a directional rudder (although a control surface and a directional rudder can be used if required). The same principle applies to surface or underwater vehicles. The maneuvers can be performed by the internal dynamics of the variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100) without the need for additional directional and maneuvering rudder systems, their associated additional weight, manufacturing and design costs, thus avoiding process losses. The principle is basically based on the localized force differences of the fluids flowing through the variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100), which are created by the optimum trajectory created in three dimensions, depending on the needs within the system.

[0063] The inventive variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100) is structurally subject to instantaneous volume changes when in operation due to its changeable trajectory. In addition, when not in use, its volume can be further reduced for space optimization or other reasons.

[0064] In the inventive variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100), the fluid contact surfaces of the operating surfaces (blades (103)) are further enlarged in three dimensions to increase the contact surface with the fluid when desired. In addition, the suction and thrust forces are increased. This results in improved energy efficiency.

[0065] The blades (103) can be used on the on-trajectory support surface (109) and the off-trajectory support surface (109), as well as on all surfaces in contact with the fluid. In another embodiment of the invention, in addition to the moving surfaces that we have implemented within the concept of boundary layer control to improve flow performance, in order to allow this use of blades (103) that perform the defined work, the followings have been added: [0066] at least one surface accelerator and [0067] at least one flow manipulator (111),
that can affect fluid movement.

[0068] Mentioned surface accelerators may be produced from the following materials: [0069] material that changes the ionization of surfaces in contact with the fluid-material that changes the fluid resistance (dielectric material) or, [0070] chemicals that give surface smoothness (nano surface coating chemicals, polyamide coatings, polishes, etc.) or [0071] aerodynamic coating material (made of polymer/polymeric materials polyolefins/polyethylene, PP, polybutenes in the thermoplastic group of synthetic polymers) or [0072] plasma polymerization coating (made of polymer/polymeric materials-polyolefins/polyethylene, PP, polybutenes in the thermoplastic group in the class of synthetic polymers)

[0073] On the other hand, flow manipulators (111) can be exemplified as a small blade/protrusion. Said blade/protrusion can be positioned anywhere on the surfaces in contact with the fluid (the surface of the elements of the system, such as the surface of the blades (103), support control surfaces, induced drag reducers, etc.).

[0074] In another embodiment of the invention, suitable locations in the inventive system may be covered with photovoltaic systems or other similar energy-efficient materials.

[0075] In the inventive system, the motion trajectory can be changed in all axes depending on the work performed in an efficiency-oriented manner. Furthermore, in general, the distances between the blades (103) and all sub-systems on them can be increased or decreased in volume and system dimensions in all three axes, including the axis representing the blade spans.