Refrigeration circuit device, and method for operating a refrigeration circuit device of this type

Abstract

A refrigeration circuit device includes a compressor for compressing a refrigerant, As viewed in the refrigerant flow direction, a condenser is connected downstream of the compressor, a first expansion device is connected downstream of the condenser, a heat exchanger is connected downstream of the first expansion device, a second expansion device is connected downstream of the heat exchanger, an evaporator is connected downstream of the second expansion device, and the compressor is connected downstream of the evaporator. The heat exchanger is configured for connection to an electronic device that is to be cooled, is configured as an internal heat exchanger for additional transfer of heat to the refrigerant, and includes a primary side, connected on one side to the first and on the other side to the second expansion device, and a secondary side, connected on one side to the evaporator and on the other side to the compressor.

Claims

1. A refrigeration circuit device, comprising: a compressor (1) for compressing a refrigerant, a condenser (2) connected downstream of the compressor (1) in a flow direction of the refrigerant, a first expansion device (3) connected downstream of the condenser (2) in the flow direction of the refrigerant, a heat exchanger (4) connected downstream of the first expansion device (3) in the flow direction of the refrigerant, an electronic device (7) that is to be cooled connected to the heat exchanger (4), a second expansion device (5) connected downstream of the heat exchanger (4) in the flow direction of the refrigerant, an evaporator (6) connected downstream of the second expansion device (5) in the flow direction of the refrigerant, wherein the compressor (1) is later connected downstream of the evaporator (6), wherein the heat exchanger (4) is configured as an internal heat exchanger for transferring additional heat to the refrigerant, and comprises: a primary side (4.1) which is connected to the first expansion device (3), and a secondary side (4.2) which is connected on one hand to the evaporator (6) and another hand to the compressor (1).

2. The refrigeration circuit device according to claim 1, wherein the first and second expansion devices (3, 5) are configured to be controllable.

3. The refrigeration circuit device according to claim 1, wherein an additional expansion device (8) is arranged parallel to the heat exchanger (4) and between the condenser (2) and the evaporator (6).

4. The refrigeration circuit device according to claim 3, wherein the additional expansion device (8) is configured to be controllable and the first or second expansion device (3, 5) are configured to be selectively uncontrollable.

5. A method for operating a refrigeration circuit device according to claim 3, wherein the temperature of the electronic device (7) is selectively controlled with the aid of the first and/or second expansion device (3, 5).

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the temperature of the electronic device (7) is selectively controlled with the aid of the first or the second expansion device (3, 5) and with the aid of the additional expansion device (8).

7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the refrigeration circuit device is selectively operated in heating mode or cooling mode.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein in cooling mode, the second expansion device or the additional expansion device (5, 8) is fully opened for maximum suction gas superheat.

9. The method according to claim 7, further comprising selectively opening, in heating mode, the first expansion device (3) and/or the second expansion device (5) to transfer energy from the refrigerant condensed by the condenser to the refrigerant suctioned by the compressor to obtain a suction gas superheat of 5 to 15 K.

10. The refrigeration circuit device according to claim 1, wherein the additional expansion device (8) is configured to be controllable.

11. The refrigeration circuit device according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger (4) is configured as a plate heat exchanger.

Description

SCHEMATICALLY

(1) FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the refrigeration circuit device according to the invention with controllable expansion devices;

(2) FIG. 2 partially shows a second embodiment of the refrigeration circuit device according to the invention with an additional expansion device; and

(3) FIG. 3 partially shows a third embodiment of the refrigeration circuit device according to the invention with a non-controllable or fixed second expansion device.

(4) The refrigeration circuit device shown in the figures consists in the known manner initially of a compressor 1 for compressing a refrigerant, whereinin each case as viewed in the flow direction of the refrigeranta condenser 2 is connected downstream of the compressor 1, a first expansion device 3 is connected downstream of the condenser 2, a heat exchanger 4 is connected downstream of the first expansion device 3, a second expansion device 5 is connected downstream of the heat exchanger 4, an evaporator 6 is connected downstream of the second expansion device 5, and the compressor 1 is later connected downstream of the evaporator 6, wherein the heat exchanger 4, preferably the primary side 4.1 thereof, is configured to be connected to an electronic device 7 that is to be cooled.

(5) As can be seen from FIG. 1, it is particularly preferably provided that a changeover valve 10, preferably a 4-2 way valve, which is connected both to a pressure side 1.1 and to a suction side 1.2 of the compressor 1, is provided for switching between a heating mode and a cooling mode (i.e. two operating modes in which the refrigeration circuit device can be operated). In the switching position of the changeover valve 10, shown in FIG. 1, which is called operating mode I hereinafter, as specified above, in this case the reference sign 2 is assigned to the condenser and the reference sign 6 is assigned to the evaporator. After the changeover valve 10 is switched (which is called operating mode II hereinafter) the heat exchanger with the reference sign 6 then becomes the condenser and correspondingly the heat exchanger with the reference sign 2 becomes the evaporator.

(6) Whether the operating mode I is denoted as the heating mode or the cooling mode, ultimately depends simply on the direction in which the heat transport takes place or is intended to take place. Hereinafter for the sake of simplicityand which is also possible due to the symmetrical construction of the refrigeration circuit device according to the inventionthe operating mode I is equivalent to the heating mode and the operating mode II is equivalent to the cooling mode.

(7) It is thus essential to the refrigeration circuit device according to the invention, and this applies to all illustrated and conceivable embodiments, that the heat exchanger 4 is configured as an internal heat exchanger for additionally transferring heat to the refrigerant, and has a primary side 4.1 which is connected on the one hand to the first expansion device 3 and on the other hand to the second expansion device 5, and a secondary side 4.2 which is connected on the one hand to the evaporator 6 and on the other hand to the compressor 1. Quite particularly preferably, it is provided that the heat exchanger 4 is configured as a plate heat exchanger (see also https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plattenw%C3%A4rme%C3%BCbertrager&oldid=199812395), wherein the (relatively warm) primary side 4.1 of the heat exchanger 4 is formed from external channels of the plate heat exchanger to avoid the formation of condensed water; and the secondary side 4.2 is thus arranged internally. In other words: in the heat exchanger 4 the warm side is external.

(8) Expressed in terms of the method, it is correspondingly provided that the temperature of the electronic device 7 is selectively controlled with the aid of the first and/or second expansion device 3, 5.

(9) As can be seen from the figures, there are various possibilities for implementing these measures in practice.

(10) In the solution according to FIG. 1, it is preferably provided that the first and second expansion devices 3, 5 are configured to be controllable.

(11) In the solutions according to FIGS. 2 and 3, it is preferably provided that an additional expansion device 8 (which is preferably also configured to be controllable) is arranged parallel to the heat exchanger 4 and between the condenser 2 and the evaporator 6. In the solution according to FIG. 2, all of the expansion devices 3, 5 and 8 are controllable, and in the solution according to FIG. 3 the expansion devices 3 and 8 are controllable. The second expansion device 5 is configured to be uncontrollable or fixed. Alternatively, however, it can also be provided (which is not shown separately) that the expansion devices 5 and 8 are configured to be controllable and the expansion device 3 is configured to be uncontrollable. In other words: it is preferably provided that the additional expansion device 8 is configured to be controllable and the first or second expansion device 3, 5 are configured to be selectively uncontrollable or fixed. Expressed in terms of the method: it is preferably provided that the temperature of the electronic device 7 is selectively controlled with the aid of the first or the second expansion device 3, 5 and with the aid of an additional expansion device 8 arranged parallel to the heat exchanger 4 and between the condenser 2 and the evaporator 6.

(12) With further reference to FIG. 1, wherein this can also apply to the embodiments according to FIGS. 2 and 3, it is further preferably provided that in the selected switching position (operating mode I) of the changeover valve 10, and as viewed in the flow direction of the refrigerant, a liquid separator 9 is arranged between the evaporator 6 and the secondary side 4.2 of the internal heat exchanger 4. Expressed in terms of the method, it is correspondingly preferably provided that the refrigerant evaporated on the evaporator 6 is initially fed to a liquid separator 9 and then to the secondary side 4.2 of the internal heat exchanger 4. Proceeding from the other operating mode, i.e. operating mode II, the liquid separator 9 is then naturally arranged between the heat exchanger 2 operating as the evaporator and the secondary side 4.2 of the internal heat exchanger 4.

(13) As can be seen in FIG. 1, such a liquid separator consists of a container which is configured to be connected at its lower end to the evaporator 6 (or in operating mode II correspondingly to the condenser). Moreover, a pipe which is bent in a U-shaped manner is provided, said pipe having an opening at its one free end and at its lowest point. The pipe is connected with its other free end to the secondary side 4.2 of the internal heat exchanger 4. Refrigerant vapor is suctioned via the opening at the free end. The opening at the lowest point serves to suction the mixture of refrigerant and oil deposited in the container and to feed it to the compressor for lubrication.

(14) According to a further embodiment, not shown separately, it is also preferably provided that the refrigerant is fed to a liquid separator 9 arranged between the compressor 1 and the first expansion device 3, namely on the so-called high-pressure side of the refrigeration circuit.

(15) Moreover, it is preferably provided that in heating mode, the first expansion device 3 and/or the second expansion device 5 are or is selectively controlled for a suction gas superheat of 5 to 15 K. As a result, it is ensured that the temperature does not drop below the dew point on the electronic device and the minimum oil temperature, and at the same time the oil sump temperature is also not exceeded.

(16) Considered in more detail, it is particularly preferably provided that, in particular in heating mode, for controlling the suction gas temperature, the first expansion device 3 and/or the second expansion device 5 is selectively controlled as a function of a rotational speed of the compressor 1.

(17) Relative to this rotational speed dependency, it is particularly preferably provided that at a low rotational speed of the compressor 1 in heating mode, the first expansion device 3 and/or the second expansion device 5 are selectively controlled for a suction gas superheat of 10 to 15 K. At a higher rotational speed of the compressor 1 in heating mode, alternatively it is preferably provided that the first expansion device 3 and/or the second expansion device 5 are selectively controlled for a suction gas superheat of 5 to 10 K.

(18) Finally, it is preferably provided that to avoid the temperature falling below a dew point or condensed water being formed in cooling mode, in which the maximum oil sump temperature cannot be exceeded, the expansion device 5 (see FIG. 1) or 8 (see FIG. 3) which is connected upstream of the heat exchanger 4, as viewed in the flow direction of the refrigerant, is fully opened for maximum suction gas superheat. The embodiment according to FIG. 2 is unsuitable for cooling mode; in the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the expansion device 3, which is arranged between the heat exchanger 4 and the heat exchanger operating as the evaporator, is almost completely closed.

(19) For the sake of completeness, finally the mode of operation of the refrigeration circuit device shown in FIG. 1 is explained in both operating modes (apart from the additional expansion device 8, this correspondingly applies to the embodiments according to FIGS. 2 and 3):

(20) As already explained, FIG. 1 shows the operating mode I in which the heat exchanger provided with the reference sign 2 is operated as a condenser. In this operating mode, the refrigerant is initially compressed by the compressor 1 and conveyed to a first flow path of the changeover valve 10 and then to the condenser 2. Once it has arrived there, the refrigerant then condenses and releases heat. Then the refrigerant passes to the first expansion device 3 in order to be throttled there to a lower pressure. At the heat exchanger 4, on one side, heat is then transferred from the electronic device 7 to the refrigerant coming from the first expansion device 3, flowing through the primary side 4.1 of the heat exchanger 4. On the other side, at the same time heat is transferred from the primary side 4.1 of the heat exchanger 4 to the secondary side 4.2 thereof, more details thereof being provided below. Downstream of the primary side 4.1 the refrigerant then passes into the second expansion device 5 where it is throttled again to an even lower pressure. Then the refrigerant passes to the evaporator 6 where it is supplied with heat so that in any case it is partially evaporated. Downstream of the evaporator 6 the refrigerant then passes to the second flow path of the changeover valve 10 and from there to the liquid separator 9, already described above in more detail. The substantially vaporous refrigerant passes therefrom to the secondary side 4.2 of the heat exchanger 4, as already mentioned above, in order to absorb heat from the primary side 4.1 of the heat exchanger 4 which then, depending on the position of the expansion valves 3, 5, leads to an advantageous suction gas superheat of the refrigerant subsequently flowing to the compressor 1.

(21) If the changeover valve 10 is now switched to the other operating mode (here the cooling mode), the refrigerant correspondingly no longer flows downstream of the compressor 1 at the changeover valve 10 to the heat exchanger 2 (previously the condenser) but directly to the heat exchanger 6 which now operates as a condenser, wherein refrigerant correspondingly flows through the second expansion device 5, the primary side 4.1 of the heat exchanger 4, the first expansion device 3 and the heat exchanger with the reference sign 2, which then operates as an evaporator, and then correspondingly in the reverse direction until the refrigerant then in turn passes to the changeover valve 10 and is also conducted therefrom back to the liquid separator 9, in order to pass back to the compressor after passing the secondary side 4.2 of the heat exchanger 4.

LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

(22) 1 Compressor 1.1 Pressure side 1.2 Suction side 2 Condenser 3 First expansion device 4 Internal heat exchanger 4.1 Primary side of internal heat exchanger 4.2 Secondary side of internal heat exchanger 5 Second expansion device 6 Evaporator 7 Electronic device 8 Additional expansion device 9 Liquid separator 10 Changeover valve