Water-based anti-odor fabric treatment compositions
12435295 ยท 2025-10-07
Assignee
Inventors
Cpc classification
C11D3/124
CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
International classification
Abstract
Various aqueous odor control treatment compositions for fibrous materials, especially fabrics and textiles, are described. The compositions include one or more aqueous cationic acrylic polymer emulsions and silica gel, alone or in combination with zeolite.
Claims
1. An aqueous fabric treatment composition comprising (I) one or more cationic acrylic polymer emulsions/dispersions and (II) a water soluble or dispersible silica gel, alone or in combination with a zeolite, wherein the cationic acrylic polymer is self-cross-linking or, if not, the composition further comprises (III) a suitable cross-linking agent for the cationic acrylic polymer, each of (I) and (II) being or including solid and/or solid forming components, wherein the weight ratio of the solid/solid forming components of the composition (I:II) is from 1:25 to 25:1, based on cationic acrylic polymer emulsions/dispersions having from 40 to 55% solids content.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of the solid/solid forming components of the composition (I:II) is from 1:15 to 15:1.
3. The composition of claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of the solid/solid forming components of the composition (I:II) is from 1:5 to 5:1.
4. The composition of claim 1 wherein both the silica gel and a zeolite are present and the weight ratio of silica gel to zeolite is from 15:1 to 1:15.
5. The composition of claim 1 wherein both the silica gel and a zeolite are present and the weight ratio of silica gel to zeolite is from 5:1 to 1:5.
6. The composition of claim 1 wherein the cationic acrylic polymer emulsion or dispersion comprises one or more (meth)acrylic ester monomers, alone or in combination with acrylic or methacrylic acid.
7. The composition of claim 6 wherein the one or more (meth)acrylic ester monomers are C.sub.1 to C.sub.12 (meth)acrylic ester monomers.
8. The composition of claim 6 wherein the one or more (meth)acrylic ester monomers are or include at least one C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 (meth)acrylic ester monomer.
9. The composition of claim 1 wherein the one or more cationic acrylic polymer emulsions/dispersions is self-crosslinking and includes as comonomers or as co-reactants one or more di- or tri-(meth)acrylates and/or amino, glycol or polyol substituted di- or tri-(meth)acrylates; one or more tertiary amines and/or quaternary amines; one or more low molecular weight acrylamides, alkylol acrylamides, and/or alkoxyalkyl acrylamides; ethylenimine or polyethylenimine.
10. The composition of claim 9 wherein the comonomers or co-reactants are present in an amount of at least 0.1% by weight and up to 30% by weight.
11. The composition of claim 9 wherein the co-monomer or co-reactant is N-methylol acrylamide.
12. A method of imparting odor control and inhibition to fabrics and textiles said method comprising applying to the fabric or textile an odor controlling effective amount of an aqueous fabric treatment composition comprising (1) one or more cationic acrylic polymer emulsions/dispersions and (II) a water soluble or dispersible silica gel, alone or in combination with a zeolite, wherein the cationic acrylic polymer is self-cross-linking or, if not, the composition further comprises (III) a suitable cross-linking agent for the cationic acrylic polymer, each of (I) and (II) being or including solid and/or solid forming components, wherein the weight ratio of the solid/solid forming components of the composition (I:II) is from 1:25 to 25:1, based on cationic acrylic polymer emulsions/dispersions having from 40 to 55% solids content.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein the composition is applied at a rate of 0.1 to 8 percent weight on goods (owg).
14. The method of claim 12 wherein the composition is applied to bulk fabric or textile.
15. The method of claim 12 wherein the composition is applied to fabric or textile of manufactured goods.
16. The method of claim 12 wherein the cationic acrylic polymer emulsion or dispersion comprises one or more (meth)acrylic ester monomers, alone or in combination with acrylic or methacrylic acid.
17. The method of claim 16 wherein the (meth)acrylic ester monomers are or include at least one C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 (meth)acrylic ester monomer.
18. The composition of claim 12 wherein the one or more cationic acrylic polymer emulsions/dispersions is self-crosslinking and includes as comonomers or as co-reactants one or more di- or tri-(meth)acrylates and/or amino, glycol or polyol substituted di- or tri-(meth)acrylates; one or more tertiary amines and/or quaternary amines; one or more low molecular weight acrylamides, alkylol acrylamides, and/or alkoxyalkyl acrylamides; ethylenimine or polyethylenimine.
19. The composition of claim 18 wherein the comonomers or co-reactants are present in an amount of at least 0.1% by weight and up to 30% by weight.
20. The composition of claim 18 wherein the comonomer or co-reactant is N-methylol acrylamide.
Description
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
(1)
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
(2) As used herein the term (meth)acrylate means the specified acrylate as well as the corresponding methacrylate. Also, the phrase weight on the goods and its acronym owg refers to the percent increase in weight of the treated fabric as opposed to the untreated fabric prior to drying of the treatment composition.
(3) The present subject matter provides various compositions particularly adapted for application to fabrics and textiles as well as articles of manufacture made therefrom to impart odor control/anti-odor capabilities. In particular embodiments, the compositions can be applied as a surface coat, for example, by spraying, or, preferably, particularly with respect to the treatment of bulk and cut fabric and textiles as well as articles of manufacture that accommodate it, by padding, dipping, soaking, or flooding the fabric or textile with the composition or by exhaustion. The compositions may be used with fabrics and textiles of natural fibers, synthetic fibers or a blend of both natural and synthetic fiber, e.g., cotton/polyester blends: suitable fabrics include woven as well as non-woven fabrics.
(4) The compositions according to the present teaching comprise (I) select cationic acrylic polymer emulsions/dispersions and (II) a water soluble or dispersible silica gel, alone or in combination with a zeolite, wherein the cationic acrylic polymer is self-cross-linking or, if not, the composition further comprises (III) a cross-linking agent, preferably an amine or amide cross-linking agent, for said cationic acrylic polymer, wherein the weight ratio of the solid/solid forming components of the composition (I:II) is from 1:25 to 25:1, preferably, 1:15 to 15:1, more preferably from 1:10 to 10:1, most preferably 1:5 to 5:1, based on cationic acrylic polymer emulsions/dispersions having from 40 to 55% solids content. These compositions are capable of providing enhanced, renewable, durable and/or long-lasting odor control to fibrous materials, particularly textiles and fabrics, including non-woven fabrics, and articles of manufacture made therefrom, particularly when they are applied to the fabric at a rate of from 0.1% to 8%, preferably from 0.5% to 6%, more preferably from 1% to 5%, weight on the goods (owg).
(5) Silica gels are well known and widely available. Silica gel is a porous, amorphous form of silicon dioxide (SiO.sub.2). Preferred silica gels are highly purified, having at least 90%, preferably 95%, more preferably 99% silicon dioxide. Most preferably, the silica gel is 100% silicon dioxide. It is believed that the selection of the silica gel is not critical and suitable silica gels may have a wide range of porosimetry properties. Specifically, no particular range of pore size, pore volume, pore diameter, particle size, surface area, pH are believed critical. Nonetheless, silica gels having pore volumes of from 0.5 to 3, preferably 1 to 2.5, cc/g; an average surface area of 100 to 800, preferably 200 to 500, m.sup.2/g; an average pore size of from 5 to 300 , preferably from 10 to 130 ; and/or an average particle size of 1 to 200 m, preferably from 5 to 100 m, more preferably 5 to 50 m. pH is preferably in the range of 6.0 to 7.0, though more acidic, for example as low as 3.5, (pH based on 5% aqueous solution) as well as slightly basic, up to 10 pH, silica gels may be successfully employed, particularly for certain embodiments. Exemplary suitable silica gel materials include the silica gels sold under the trademark SYLOID by WR Grace and under the trademark GASIL by PQ Corporation.
(6) The silica gels may be used alone or in combination with one or more zeolites. Zeolites are likewise well known and widely available. Suitable zeolites include natural and synthetic zeolites. Zeolites are aluminosilicates having a three dimensional skeletal structure that is represented by the formula: XM.sub.2/nOAl.sub.2O.sub.3YSiO.sub.2ZH.sub.2O wherein M represents an ion-exchangeable ion, generally a monovalent or divalent metal ion; n represents the atomic valency of the (metal) ion; X and Y represent coefficients of metal oxide and silica, respectively; and Z represents the number of water of crystallization. Examples of such zeolites include A-type zeolites, X-type zeolites, Y-type zeolites, T-type zeolites, high-silica zeolites, sodalite, mordenite, analcite, clinoptilolite, chabazite and erionite. Typically, the surface area of these zeolites is at least 150 m.sup.2/g (anhydrous zeolite as standard) and the SiO.sub.2/Al.sub.2O.sub.3 mole ratio is preferably less than 14 and more preferably less than 11. The ion-exchange capacities of these zeolites are as follows: A-type zeolite=7 meq/g; X-type zeolite=6.4 meq/g; Y-type zeolite=5 meq/g; T-type zeolite=3.4 meq/g; sodalite=11.5 meq/g; mordenite=2.6 meq/g; analcite=5 meq/g; clinoptilolite=2.6 meq/g; chabazite=5 meq/9; and erionite=3.8 meq/g. The present invention is not, however, limited to the foregoing zeolites. When both a zeolite and a silica are present as the odor absorbing component (II) each is present in a weight ratio of from 15:1 to 1:15, preferably from 10:1 to 1:10, most preferably from 5:1 to 1:5.
(7) The second, critical component of the compositions of the present teaching is the cross-linkable acrylic polymer emulsion/dispersion, preferably a self-crosslinking polymer. Suitable acrylic polymer emulsions/dispersions, which serves as the binder, must be cationic and will preferably be an acrylic copolymer of two or more, preferably from two to four, low molecular weight alkyl acrylic ester and/or alkyl methacrylic ester monomers, wherein the alkyl group is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.12, preferably a C.sub.1 to C.sub.10, more preferably a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6, especially those including at least one C.sub.1 to C.sub.4, alkyl group, alone or further in combination with acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid as well as low amounts of styrene. Preferably, the monomers of the acrylic copolymer emulsion/dispersion will include one or more C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl acrylic ester and/or alkyl methacrylic ester monomers, alone or in combination with one or more higher, preferably one or more C.sub.1 to C.sub.10, more preferably one or more C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 acrylic ester and/or methacrylic ester co-monomers. Most preferably, all the alkyl acrylate monomers are C1 to C4 monomers. Exemplary monomers include methy (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, butyl (meth)acrylate, hexyl (meth)acrylate, isodecyl (meth)acrylate, octyl (meth)acrylate and the like; especially preferred monomers are methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate and combinations of any two or all three thereof.
(8) Especially preferred cationic acrylic emulsions/dispersions are those that are characterized as self-crosslinking and having or including various cross-linkable functional groups as terminal reactive groups and/or pendant reactive groups, which groups may be imparted to the copolymers by substitution/reaction with existing reactive groups and/or, most preferably, as functional moieties of comonomers which are incorporated into the resulting polymer chain whereby the cross-linking moiety is present as terminal groups to the resulting chain and/or as pendant groups to the resulting polymer chains. While di- and poly-functional (meth)acrylates such as polyethylene glycol di(meth)acrylates, triethylene glycol di(meth)acrylates, and ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylates and the like, may be used as cross-linking monomers, especially preferred self-crosslinking cationic acrylic emulsions are those based upon co-polymerizable low molecular weight tertiary and/or quaternary amines, especially tertiary amines, including, in particular cross-linking acrylamides, most especially, one or more low molecular alkylol acrylamides or alkoxyalkyl acrylamides. Suitable cross-linking comonomers include dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate, N-(isobutoxymethyl) acrylamide, N,N-methylene bisacrylamide, N-methylol acrylamide (NMA), N,N-dimethylol acrylamide, N-butylol acrylamide, [2-(acryloxy)ethyl]-trimethylammonium chloride, [2-(methacryloloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride, [2-(methacryloxy)ethyl]trimethyl-ammonium chloride, (3-acrylamidopropyl)trimethyl-ammonium chloride, N,N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, butylamino (meth)acrylate, and t-butylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate. Additional acrylamide cross-liking monomers are presented in U.S. Pat. No. 4,151,148, the contents of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference. Especially preferred self-crosslinking cationic acrylic polymer emulsions/dispersions are those based upon methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and/or butyl acrylate and combinations of any two or all three thereof together an acrylamide, especially N-methylol acrylamide or N,N-dimethylol acrylamine, alone or further in combination with one or more additional cross-linking agents, especially a tertiary amine and/or a quaternary amine.
(9) Where the cross-linking group is imparted by substitution/reaction with the polymer chain, preferred cationic acrylic copolymers are those wherein up to 30%, more preferably up to 15%, e.g., up to 6%, preferably up to 8%, and at least 0.5%, preferably at least 1.0%, more preferably at least 2.0% of the monomer units have such substitution, especially where said substitution is an amine substitution which arises from amination with ethyleneimine, polyethyleneimine, tertiary amines, and the like, especially acrylamides. Where the cross-linking group is incorporated into the polymer chain by copolymerization, preferred cationic acrylic copolymers include those which have up to 30%, most preferably up to 15%, e.g., up to 6%, preferably up to 8%, by weight amine, preferably acrylamide, monomer content and preferably at least 0.5%, preferably at least 1.0%, more preferably at least 2.0% by weight amine monomer content, which amine may be wholly or partly quaternized. As well recognized by those skilled in the art, the exact level of cross-linker or cross-linking monomer is depended upon the degree of cross-linking desired in the final product. Amine substitution and quaternization of acrylic copolymers is well known, having been described in, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,170,901; 3,171,805; 3,414,513; 3,758,445; 3,780,092; 2,897,101; 2,923,653; 3,517,562; 3,776,810; 3,812,067; 3,255,139; 3,288,740; 3,374,789; 3,652,478 and 3,799,910: the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. In the absence of said acrylamide co-monomers and/or amine substitution, or in additional thereto, the composition will also include one or more typical amine cross-linking agents: most typically the same amines used in modifying the acrylic polymers as noted previously, especially tertiary amines. Again, the level of such cross-linking agents will be sufficient to achieve the desired degree of cross-linking, typically that which would achieve up to 8%, preferably up to 6% substitution on the acrylic polymer. While cationic acrylic polymer emulsions are widely available, especially preferred are those sold under the RayCat brand from Specialty Polymers, Inc.
(10) The compositions typically comprise from 0.5 to 30, preferably from 2 to 25, more preferably from 5 to 20, wt percent (wt %) of the silica gel component (II), and from 3 to 70, preferably 5 to 50 wt % of the cationic acrylic polymer emulsion (I) (based on solids content of from 40 to 55%; otherwise, the amount may be more or less depending upon a lower or higher solids content, respectively). As noted, the weight ratio of the acrylic polymer emulsion to the silica gel component (I:II) is from 1:15 to 15:1, preferably from 1:10 to 10:1, most preferably 1:5 to 5:1, based upon the solids/solids forming components of each.
(11) Furthermore, additional water may be added to the compositions or to the mixture as the composition is being formed in order to provide a suitable viscosity for application to the fabric or textile depending upon the method of application and the rate of application. Generally speaking, the solids/solids forming concentration of the fabric treatment composition will be from 0.1 to 70 wt. percent, preferably 1 to 60 wt. percent, most preferably, from 2 to 50 wt. percent. Again, the specific concentration will depend, in part, on how it is to be applied, when it is to be applied and who is doing the application. Depending upon the specific circumstances, the solids/solids forming concentration of the fabric treatment composition may be from 0.1 to 50 wt percent, preferably from 1 to 30 wt percent, most preferably from 2 to 10 wt percent. For example, in the case of bulk fabric or textile treatment of bulk treatment of articles of manufacture, such as clothing, drapes, bedding, and the like, concentrations of from 0.1 to 70, preferably 0.5 to 50 wt, percent may be acceptable. On the other hand, for a post manufacture treatment to be applied to an article of manufacture that is not capable of bulk treatment, e.g., an upholstered chair, couch or the like, a lower solids content may be desired, for instance, the concentration may be from 0.1 to 25 wt percent, preferably from 0.5 to 10 wt percent. Similarly, a consumer spray-on composition may likewise perform best at lower concentrations as well. In any event, it is particularly desirable to achieve a loading of from 0.1% to 8% preferably from 0.5% to 6%, more preferably from 1% to 5%, owg.
(12) In addition to the critical ingredients noted above, the compositions according to the present teaching may and, typically will, include any number of conventional additives for the treatment of fibrous materials, particularly fabrics and textiles, including, but not limited to, pH adjusters, defoamers, thickening agents, and dispersing and wetting agents, All such additives will be used in their conventional quantities: though exact levels of use will be found by simple formulation work to identify those levels that address/provide the particular issues/results sought, respectively. For example, thickeners will typically be present in the formulation at levels of 0.05 to 5 wt %, dispersing/wetting agents at 0.05 to 20 wt % and the like.
(13) The compositions of the present teaching do not require extensive processing to manufacture and are prepared by simply blending the ingredients to form the desired end-product. Similarly, the compositions of the present teaching do not require extensive processing and curing requirements. The compositions of the present teaching may be applied by any known and appropriate method for the fabric or textile or article of manufacture to be treated. For example, fabric and textile manufacturers and processors may apply the compositions to the bulk fabric, OEM manufacturers may apply the composition to the fabrics prior to or post cutting or to the articles of manufacture made therefrom. Additionally, consumers and commercial launderers can apply the compositions in conjunction with their laundering efforts. Application itself may be by an method appropriate for the specific application/use contemplated. For example, bulk fabric and textile as well as articles of manufacture made therefrom such as clothing, drapes, bedding and the like, may be treated by pad, exhaustion, coating, immersion, soaking, dipping, spraying, drenching (i.e., pass through a waterfall of the composition), and the like. Otherwise, particularly with respect to articles of manufacture that incorporate other components or materials that do not accommodate complete treatment, e.g., upholstered chairs, couches, pillows and the like, the article may be sprayed or misted. Additionally, the articles of manufacture, particularly clothing, bedding and the like can be treated during laundering by the addition of the composition to the washing machine like a fabric softener.
(14) Having described the aqueous compositions and their use, attention is now drawn to the following examples exemplifying various compositions and comparative compositions and their odor control/anti-odor efficacy. In the examples, with the exception of Example 1, the following general process was prepared for the preparation of the coating compositions:
(15) Water, preferably deionized water, though not required, was added to a mixing vessel and mixing started at a medium to high speed. The silica gel component, in powder form, powder was slowly added by sprinkling into the water with continued mixing for approximately 10 to 45 minutes or until the powder was completely broken up and fully dispersed in the water. If indicated, a thickener was added and the mixture subjected to continued mixing until the thicker is completely dissolved or dispersed. If necessary, the mixing speed was increased to compensate for any spike in the viscosity of the mixture due to the addition of thickener. In the case of cationic thickeners, glacial acetic acid was added and the mixture mixed for another 10 to 15 minutes. At this point, the binder materials, in the case of the inventive compositions, the cationic acrylic polymers, were slowly added with mixing and mixing maintained until the mixture is completely homogenous. If designated, other ingredients such as additional dispersing agents, wicking agents, softeners, or preservatives were then added as desired or needed. The mixture was continually mixed for another 10 to 30 minutes until or to ensure that a homogeneous formulation was achieved.
(16) The compositions and comparative compositions were applied to fabric samples measuring approximately 300 mm bx 210 mm (sized to fit the lab padder) by the padding method. The pad bath solution was prepared by first determining the wet pick-up characteristics of the fabric and then calculating the concentration of the coating compositions needed for testing. Once determined, the appropriate amount of water was added to a beaker followed by the calculated quantity of the coating composition with mixing. Mixing continued for several minutes until the coating composition was completely dispersed in the water. The so formed pad bath was then poured into the pad trough and the padding machine started. The fabric samples were then impregnated by padding, run through the nip of the pad roller and mounted on the stenter frame of the dryer. Immediately, the fabric was pushed into the dryer set at 150 C. for approximately 3 minutes, or such other temperature and time as was needed. The treated fabric samples were then subjected to multiple washing cycles as noted and the sample tested to determine the odor control performance of the fabric according to ISO 17299-3 for isovaleric acid (IVA) or ISO 17299-2 for ammonia reduction: each coating composition run in triplicate.
(17) The following table, Table 1, sets for the ingredients/materials employed in preparing the coating composition, both according to the present teaching and comparative compositions:
(18) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Ingredient Identify Purpose Manufacturer DI Deionized water Xanthum Gum Nonionic thickener N-Hance CG17 High MW guar gum cationic thickener Ashland N-Hance HPCG Low MW guar gum cationic thickener Ashland 1000 GAA Glacial acetic acid pH modifier Gasil HP260 Silica gel Odor absorber PQ Corporation Gasil IJ24 Silica gel Odor absorber PQ Corporation Smellrite Zeolite Odor absorber Honeywell UOP CZH10N Zeolite Odor absorber Sinanen Zeomic Co. Surfynol MD20 Gemini surfactant Defoamer Evonik Surfynol DF Gemini surfactant Defoamer Evonik 62 Tergitol S-15-5 Secondary alcohol Dispersing and Dow ethoxylate wetting agent Tergitol S-15-9 Secondary alcohol Dispersing and Dow ethoxylate wetting agent Ethox TAM-20 Ethyoxylated fatty amine Dispersing and Ethox wetting agent Mirapol A-15 Polyquarternium-2 Cationic co-binder Solvay Novecare Proxel GXL 2-benzisothiazolin-3-one Preservative Lonza Binder A non-cationic lower alkyl Acrylic Binder Specialy Polymers, (meth)acrylate copolymer Inc. Binder 1 Butyl acrylate, methyl meth- Cationic binder acrylate, N-methylol acryl- amide copolymer with ~2% quaternized aminoalkyl (meth)acrylate functional groups Binder 2 Butyl acrylate, methyl Cationic binder methacrylate, N-methylol acrylamide copolymer copolymer with ~2% tertiary aminoalkyl (meth)acrylate functional groups Binder 3 Butyl acrylate, methyl Cationic binder methacrylate, N-methylol acrylamide copolymer copolymer with ~6% tertiary aminoalkyl (meth)acrylate functional groups Binder 4 Butyl acrylate, methyl Cationic binder acrylate, methyl methacrylate, N-methylol acrylamide copolymer copolymer with ~2% quaternized aminoalkyl (meth)acrylate functional groups Binder 5 Butyl acrylate, methyl Cationic binder methacrylate, N-methylol acrylamide copolymer copolymer with ~15% tertiary amino alkyl (meth)acrylate functional groups
Example 1Odor Absorber Screening
(19) A series of pad bath formulations comprising 0.8 wt % cationic acrylic polymer emulsion and 0.4 wt % of each of the known odor absorbing additives set forth in Table 2 were combined with deionized water and mixed until a homogeneous solution was attained and then added to the pad bath. The fabric was found to have a wet pick up of around 100%. Following treatment, the treated fabric samples were washed 25 times and evaluated for odor control according to ISO 17299-3 for IVA. The results are presented in
Example 2Formulation Comparison
(20) Having observed the unexpected, marked improved efficacy of the silica gel as compared to the other known odor absorbers, a series of full odor control formulations were prepared comparing the silica gel and the combination of silica gel and zeolite to the Smellrite zeolite, a very popular commercial odor control agent, as well as different binders. Six formulations were prepared as set forth in Table 3. Each formulation was applied to 100% black polyester knit fabric swatches to provide a loading of 2.5% owg and subjected to 25 home washings. The results are also presented in Table 3.
(21) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Particle Size Supplier Product Material Type m (D90) Evonik Aerosil 50 Fumed silica 0.4 Evonik Aerosil 200 Furned silica 58 Evonik Aerosil 300 Fumed silica 72 Evonik Aerosil 380 Fumed silica 85 Evonik Sipernat 500LS Precipitated silica 17 Evonik Zeofree 600 Precipitated silica 40 Evonik DP 1330 Precipitated silica 25 UOP Smellrite Aluminosilicate PQ Gasil IJ24 Silica Gel 10.4 Zeochem Zeoflair 810 Aluminosilicate 22 Zeochem Zeoflair 110 Aluminosilicate 7.5 Zeochem Zeoflair 100 Aluminosilicate 324 Zeochem ZOCO Zinc oxide Panadyne Silica Fume Fumed silica Cabot Cabosil M5 Fumed silica 75 Cabot Cabosil EH-5 Fumed silica 109
(22) As seen in Table 3, Formulation A employing the anionic acrylic binder, Binder A, performed marginally well whereas Formulations B, C and F employing cationic acrylic binders having approximately 2% to 15% tertiary amine, quaternized and non-quaternized, respectively, performed remarkably well, with near total elimination of the odorous agent. Formulation E, like Formulation A, performed marginally well; however, this formulation included a polyquaternium co-binder, which may have adversely affected the odor reduction properties. Further, Formulation D failed to provide a satisfactory odor reduction. Though the binder had a slightly higher level of tertiary amine functional groups, the significant difference was that this formulation employed the Smellrite zeolite odor absorbing agent. The possibility exists that the binder interferes with the odor absorbing capability of the zeolite: though, as found in the subsequent examples, the cationic acrylic binders appear to have provided an odor control synergy with the silica gel. Finally, the same synergy was found where a combination of silica gel and zeolite was employed as the odor absorbing component (Formulation F): indeed, an additional synergy was noted as high level of efficacy was realized even though the total amount of the silica gel and zeolite was considerably less than in the other examples.
(23) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Form- Form- Form- Form- Form- Form- ulation ulation ulation ulation ulation ulation A B C D E F DI water 56.93 56.68 56.78 64.5 51.98 20.4 Xanthan Gum 0.3 0.3 N-Hance CG 17 0.3 0.3 N-Hance HPCG 0.5 1000 Acetic acid glacial 0.95 0.95 0.7 Gasil IJ24 10 10 10 10 2 Smellrite 3.3 CZH10N 2 Surfynol 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 4 MD-20 Surfynol DF-62 0.6 Tergitol S-15-5 0.95 Tergitol 5-15-9 1.00 0.3 0.95 0.95 Ethox TAM-20 10 (40%) propylene glycol 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.82 Mirapol A-15 5 Proxel GXL 0.3 Binder A 30 Binder 1 30 Binder 2 30 Binder 3 30 Binder 4 30 Binder 5 60 Total (wt %) 100 100 100 100 100 100 IVA Odor 78 91 97 60 78 90 reduction %
Example 3Binder v Silica Gel
(24) Following on the findings of the earlier studies a further study was performed to assess whether the marked improvement seen with the silica gel was actually due to the silica gel itself or whether the binder played a role in its marked performance. The formulations tested and the results attained therewith were as shown in Table 4. The treated swatches were subjected to 30 wash cycles before testing according to ISO 17299-3.
(25) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Formulation Ingredients Loading (% owg) IVA reduction % Formulation G Gasil IJ24 0.25 92 Binder 3 1 GAA 0.1 Formulation H Gasil IJ24 1.25 67 GAA 0.1 Formulation 1 Binder 3 1.25 85 GAA 0.1
(26) As seen in Table 4, the cationic acrylic polymer binder itself manifested a significant odor control capability; however, more remarkable and unexpected was the synergistic odor control realized with the combination of the cationic acrylic polymer binder and silica gel. Furthermore, given the efficacy of the binder itself and the results shown in
Example 4Formulation Variation
(27) A series of pad bath formulations according to the present teaching were prepared varying the silica gel and the weight ratios of the cationic acrylic polymer binders and/or the silica gels. The 100% black polyester knit fabric was then treated with these formulations and the results attained therewith are presented in Table 5. The treated swatches were subjected to 20 wash cycles before testing.
(28) As seen in Table 5, the formulations according to the present teaching all demonstrated remarkable results, showing high efficacy in odor control as well as durability and longevity.
(29) TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Formulation Ingredient Loading (% owg) IVA reduction % Formulation J DI 96 Gasil IJ24 0.25 Binder 4 0.5 Binder 3 0.25 GAA 0.01 Formulation K DI 97 Gasil IJ24 0.25 Binder 4 0.375 Binder 3 0.375 GAA 0.01 Formulation L DI 98 Gasil IJ24 0.25 Binder 4 0.2 Binder 3 0.55 GAA 0.01 Formulation M DI 96 Gasil IJ24 0.125 Binder 4 0.2 Binder 3 0.55 GAA 0.01 Formulation N DI 94 Gasil IJ24 0.0625 Binder 4 0.2 Binder 3 0.55 GAA 0.01 Formulation O DI 1.5% 87 Gasil HP260 Binder 4 Binder 3
(30) Without further elaboration, it is believed that one skilled in the art, using the preceding description, can utilize the teachings set forth herein to its fullest extent and, without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, can make various changes and modifications of the invention to adapt it to various usages and conditions. The preceding preferred specific embodiments are, therefore, to be construed as merely illustrative, and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure in any way whatsoever.