Abstract
The invention relates to a landside for use with a plow, wherein the landside has a landside body having a diverting face, a rear face opposite from the diverting face and an underside connecting the diverting face and the rear face, wherein the landside body has wear-protection element mounts, in which wear-protection elements made of hard material are mounted. A simple design, cost-effective manufacturability and high wear resistance are achieved by the wear-protection element mounts being incorporated into the underside and by the wear-protection elements being designed as pins.
Claims
1-17. (canceled)
18. A landside for use with a plow, the landside comprising: a landside body including a diverting face, a rear face opposite from the diverting face, and an underside connecting the diverting face and the rear face; a plurality wear-protection mounts formed in the underside; and a plurality of wear-protection pins, each of the wear-protection pins being mounted in a respective one of the wear-protection mounts.
19. The landside of claim 18, wherein: the wear-protection mounts are designed as bores; and the wear-protection mounts do not intersect either the diverting face or the rear face.
20. The landside of claim 18, wherein: the landside body includes a shoulder adjacent the underside such that the underside is at least partially formed by the shoulder.
21. The landside of claim 18, wherein: the wear-protection pins each include a shank; the wear-protection mounts each include a shank mount configured to at least partially match one of the shanks; each shank is completely received in a respective one of the shank mounts; and each shank is at least partially held in the respective one of the shank mounts by a soldered connection.
22. The landside of claim 18, wherein: the wear-protection pins are disposed along a longitudinal extent of the landside body.
23. The landside of claim 18, wherein: the wear-protection pins are arranged in at least one row extending along a longitudinal extent of the landside body.
24. The landside of claim 23, wherein: the wear-protection pins are arranged in a plurality of rows extending along the longitudinal extent of the landside body, and a row spacing is provided between adjacent rows.
25. The landside of claim 18, wherein: at least one of the wear-protection mounts is aligned perpendicular to the underside.
26. The landside of claim 18, wherein: at least one of the wear-protection mounts is aligned at a non-perpendicular angle to the underside.
27. The landside of claim 18, wherein: the wear-protection pins each include a shank end and an opposing head surface; and wherein the head surface of at least one of the wear-protection pins has a convex curvature.
28. The landside of claim 18, wherein: the wear-protection pins each include a shank end and an opposing head surface; and wherein the shank end of at least one of the wear-protection pins has an insertion chamfer.
29. The landside of claim 18, wherein: the wear-protection pins each include a shank end and an opposing head surface; and wherein at least two of the wear-protection pins are mounted in one of the wear-protection mounts and are aligned in a direction of a central longitudinal axis of the two wear-protection pins, wherein the head surface of one of the two wear-protection pins contacts the shank end of the other of the two wear-protection pins.
30. The landside of claim 18, wherein: at least one of the wear-protection pins includes a shank having a shank end and an opposing head adjoining the shank, the head having a head surface, wherein the head has a larger outer circumference than the shank.
31. The landside of claim 30, wherein: at least one of the wear-protection mounts includes a head mount configured to at least partially match the head, wherein the head is at least partially received in the head mount.
32. The landside of claim 30, wherein: at least one of the wear-protection pins includes a transition section between the shank and the head, the transition section having a conical outer contour.
33. The landside of claim 32, wherein: at least one of the wear-protection mounts includes a transition area configured to at least partially match the transition section, wherein the transition section is at least partially received in the transition area.
34. The landside of claim 30, wherein: the head of at least one of the wear-protection pins has a central longitudinal head axis offset from a central longitudinal shank axis of the shank of the one of the wear-protection pins.
35. The landside of claim 30, wherein: the head of at least one of the wear-protection pins includes a lateral head surface which is elliptical or rotationally symmetrical in the form of a cylindrical or conical surface.
36. The landside of claim 30, wherein: the head of at least one of the wear-protection pins includes a plurality of lateral head surfaces forming a rectangular head.
37. The landside of claim 18, wherein: at least one of the wear protection pins is made of tungsten carbide.
Description
[0043] The invention is explained in greater detail below based on exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings. In the figures,
[0044] FIG. 1 shows a view of a landside from below,
[0045] FIG. 2 shows a view of a section through a landside along line II-II of FIG. 1,
[0046] FIG. 3 shows perspective views of various exemplary embodiments of wear-protection elements,
[0047] FIG. 4 shows various exemplary embodiments based on an area IV of FIG. 2,
[0048] FIG. 5 shows another view of a landside from below,
[0049] FIG. 6 shows a side view of a landside,
[0050] FIG. 7 shows another view of a landside from below,
[0051] FIG. 8 shows a side view of a landside having a shoulder,
[0052] FIG. 9 shows a view of a section through a landside along a line IX-IX of FIG. 6,
[0053] FIG. 10 shows a view of a section through a landside along a line X-X of FIG. 8 and
[0054] FIG. 11 shows various exemplary embodiments using an area XI of FIG. 2.
[0055] FIG. 1 shows a view of a landside 1 from below. As can be seen from the illustration, the landside 1 can have a landside body 1.1, which is plate-shaped and has a diverting face 2, a rear face 3, a front surface 6 and a rear surface 7. The landside 1 can have a material thickness Z_1. As can also be seen from the figure, wear-protection element mounts 10 and wear-protection elements 20 can be arranged in a row along a longitudinal extent L of the landside body 1.1. The longitudinal extent L extends in parallel to the underside 4 and the diverting face 2 and can extend from the front surface 6 in the direction of the rear surface 7.
[0056] As FIG. 1 further shows, the wear-protection element mounts 10 are incorporated into the underside 4 of the landside 1. The wear-protection element mounts 10 can be designed as bores. Wear-protection elements 20, preferably made of hard material, are inserted into the wear-protection element mounts 10. The wear-protection elements 20 can be disposed at a distance Y_20 from one another, which distance is measured between the central longitudinal shank axes ML_21 of the wear-protection elements 20. The wear-protection elements can have identical or different designs.
[0057] Preferably, the distance Y_20 between the central longitudinal axes ML_21 of two wear-protection elements 20 can be a value between at least the sum of the radius of a first wear-protection element 20 and the radius of a second wear-protection element 20 plus 0.5 mm and a maximum of two thirds of the total length of the landside. A radius of a wear-protection element 20 can be equal to half a shank diameter D_21 or half a diameter of a head 24 of a wear-protection element 20.
[0058] Particularly preferably, the distance Y_20 can be a value between at least the sum of the radius of the first wear-protection element 20 and one and a half times the radius of the second wear-protection element 20 and at most fifty times the smaller or larger of the two radii, preferably between six times and thirty times the smaller or larger of the two radii.
[0059] FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of the landside 1 along line II-II of FIG. 1. It can be seen that the landside 1 can have an upper side 5 opposite from the underside 4, spaced apart by a landside height X_1. The landside height X_1 can, for instance, be 25 mm to 400 mm, preferably 80 mm to 300 mm, in particular 100 mm to 200 mm.
[0060] FIG. 2 also shows that the landside body 1.1 can be equipped with fastening mounts 8. These can, for instance, accommodate screws for attaching the landside 1 to a plow.
[0061] FIG. 2 shows more clearly that the wear-protection elements 20 are mounted in the wear-protection element mounts 10. Provision may be made for the wear-protection element mounts 10 to have a base 12 and a mount depth X_10. In this case, the entire shank length X_21 of the wear-protection elements 20 is received in the wear-protection element mounts 10. However, it is also conceivable that not the entire shank length X_21 of the wear-protection elements 20 is received. It is also conceivable that only for some of the wear-protection elements 20 their entire shank length X_21 is received.
[0062] For instance, wear-protection elements 20 having different shank lengths X_21 and/or wear-protection element mounts 10 having different mount depths X_10 can be provided for this purpose. Preferably, the mount depth X_10 can be at least 2 mm smaller than the landside height X_1. Particularly preferably, the mount depth X_10 can be at least 3 mm up to a maximum of 60% of the landside height X_1. In particular, a mount depth X_10 of at least 10 mm to a maximum of 45 mm may be provided.
[0063] FIG. 2 also shows that the wear-protection elements 20 have a shank diameter D_21. The wear-protection element mount 10 can have a matching mount diameter D_10. The ratio of mount diameter D_10 to shank diameter D_21 can be selected according to the desired fit ratio. Sufficient play is preferably provided such that the wear-protection elements 20 can be inserted into the wear-protection element mounts 10 using little effort.
[0064] The shank diameter D_21 can, for instance, be selected in such a way that a breakthrough through the drain end 2 and/or the rear face 3 is prevented. In particular, D_21 can be selected such that it is at least 1 mm, preferably at least 2 mm, less than the material thickness Z_1. Preferably, the shank diameter D_21 can be at least 4 mm and the material thickness at least 5 mm, preferably at least 6 mm. Further preferably, the shank diameter D_21 can be at least 6 mm and the material thickness at least 7 mm, preferably at least 8 mm. The shank diameter D_21 can be at least 7.5 mm up to a maximum of 12 mm. A ratio of the material thickness Z_1 of the landside 1 to the shank diameter D_21 can preferably be in the range from 1.1 to 1.6, particularly preferably from 1.3 to 1.5.
[0065] FIG. 3 shows perspective views of various exemplary embodiments of wear-protection elements 20.
[0066] As FIG. 3a shows, a wear-protection element 20 can be cylindrical. It can have a shank 21, a shank end 22 and an opposing head surface 23. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the shank length X_21 is essentially equal to the element length X_20.
[0067] As can be seen in FIG. 3b, a wear-protection element 20 can have a head 24 in the area of the head surface 23. The head 24 can have a larger outer circumference than the shank 21. Such a wear-protection element 20 can have a shank length X_21 that is smaller than the element length X_20. As shown in the figure, the head 24 can have a cylindrical lateral head surface 24.2. Facing away from the head surface 23, the head 24 can have a head underside 24.1, which can, for instance, be flat and/or parallel to the head surface 23. However, other designs of the head underside 24.1 are also conceivable, in particular as a curved head underside 24.1.
[0068] FIG. 3c shows that the head surface 23 can have a curvature 23.1. The curvature 23.1 can be a convex curvature, as shown. However, it is also conceivable to provide a different type of curvature 23.1, in particular a concave curvature 23.1. It should be emphasized that not only wear-protection elements 20 having a head 24 can have a curvature 23.1 of the head surface 23. Rather, a curvature 23.1 is also conceivable on a head surface 23 of a wear-protection element 20 without a head 24, for instance according to the exemplary embodiments of FIG. 1 or 3a.
[0069] FIGS. 3d and 3e show further exemplary embodiments of a wear-protection element 20. According to these examples, the head 24 can have several lateral head surfaces 24.2. In particular, the head 24 can have a polygonal, in particular rectangular, cross-section. In this case, plane lateral head surfaces 24.2 can result. However, uneven, in particular curved lateral head surfaces 24.2 are also conceivable. As can be seen in FIG. 3e, the head surface 23 can have a curvature 23.1. This curvature 23.1 can also be a convex or concave curvature 23.1, for instance.
[0070] FIG. 3f shows a further exemplary embodiment of a wear-protection element 20 having a head 24. As can be seen from the figure, the head 24 can have a central longitudinal head axis ML_24, which is disposed at a distance from a central longitudinal shank axis ML_21. The head 24 can thus be formed eccentrically to the shank 21.
[0071] A wear-protection element 20 can also have a conical shank 21, as shown in FIG. 3g.
[0072] As shown in FIG. 3h, a wear-protection element 20 can have a transition section 25 between the shank 21 and the head 24. In this case, the transition section 25 is designed as a conical contour. However, other forms of transition sections 25 are also conceivable, for instance having a convex or concave curved outer contour, in particular as a rounding.
[0073] FIG. 4 shows various exemplary embodiments of the arrangement of wear-protection elements 20 and wear-protection element mounts 10 on the landside 1 based on detail IV from FIG. 2.
[0074] As can be seen from FIGS. 4a and 4c to 4h, the wear-protection element mounts 10 can be aligned perpendicular to the underside 4 of the landside 1. However, it is also conceivable that the wear-protection element mounts 10 are aligned at an angle to the surface normal of the underside 4, as shown in FIG. 4b. Of course, not all wear-protection element mounts 10 in a landside 1 according to the invention have to have the same orientation. Rather, it is also conceivable that at least one or more wear-protection element mounts 10 are aligned at an angle to the surface normal of the underside 4 and/or at least one or more wear-protection element mounts 10 are aligned perpendicular to the underside 4. For instance, the angle can be 0 to 90, preferably 5 to 85, particularly preferably 15 to 45.
[0075] It is also conceivable that wear-protection element mounts 10 are provided at different angles .
[0076] As shown in FIG. 4b, the wear-protection elements 20 can have a head surface 23 that is aligned perpendicular to the central longitudinal shank axis ML_21. In that case, the head surface 23 cannot be flush with the underside 4 if an angle of the wear-protection element mount 10 is provided, as can be seen in FIG. 4b. However, it is also conceivable to provide the head surface 23 at an angle to the central longitudinal shank axis ML_21 to achieve a flush finish, for instance, even if the wear-protection element mount 10 is disposed at an angle with respect to the surface normal of the underside 4.
[0077] The wear-protection element mounts 10 can also have head mounts 13, as can be seen in FIGS. 4c and 4d. In particular, the head mounts 13 can be designed to match the heads 24. In the exemplary embodiments shown, only some of the wear-protection element mounts 10 are provided with a head mount 13. However, it is also conceivable that all wear-protection element mounts 10 are provided with a head mount 13. In the exemplary embodiment shown, it can also be seen that the heads 24 are completely received in the head mounts 13. However, this is not absolutely necessary. For instance, the head mounts 13 could also be designed in such a way that they only accommodate a portion of the heads 24, wherein a remaining portion of the heads 24 protrudes beyond the underside 4, for instance.
[0078] FIGS. 4e and 4f show that the distance between adjacent wear-protection elements 20 can also be small, in particular such that the lateral head surfaces 24.2 of the heads 24 are in direct contact. However, the heads 24 can also be in indirect contact with each other, for instance if a material bonding agent, such as a glue or soldering material, is introduced between them. For wear-protection elements 20 spaced apart only a little, it is possible that the wear-protection element mounts 10 do not have head mounts 13. However, it is also conceivable that the wear-protection element mounts 10 have head mounts 13, which transition into one another in the direction of the longitudinal extent L. In the direction of the diverting face 2 and/or the rear face 3, there can still be remaining material of the landside body 1.1 provided as the edge of such head mounts 13.
[0079] Of course, wear-protection elements 20 without heads 24 can also be disposed at a small distance from one another, in particular in such a way that the wear-protection elements 20 are in direct or indirect contact with one another.
[0080] FIG. 4g shows an example of an arrangement of wear-protection elements 20 having a conically shaped shank 21 in wear-protection element mounts 10 having a matching shank mount 11. FIG. 4h contains an illustration of an arrangement of wear-protection elements 20, which have a transition section 25, wherein the wear-protection element mounts 10 have matching transition areas 14. As can also be seen in FIG. 4h, the wear-protection element mounts 10 can also have head mounts 13. However, wear-protection element mounts 10 can also be provided without head mounts 13, such that although the transition sections 25 are received in transition areas 14, the heads, for instance their lateral head surfaces 24.2, protrude at least partially beyond the underside 4.
[0081] The exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 4a to 4f of configurations and arrangements, and orientations of wear-protection element mounts 10 and wear-protection elements 20 of a landside 1 can of course also be combined with one another, preferably arranged alternately or in different areas, in particular arranged in different configurations along the longitudinal extent L.
[0082] FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment of a landside 1 from below. As can be seen in the figure, the wear-protection element mounts 10 and the wear-protection elements 20 can be arranged in two rows along a longitudinal extent L of the landside 1. Of course, more than two rows are also conceivable. Wear-protection elements 20 of one row can be designed in the same way as wear-protection elements 20 of another row. For instance, wear-protection elements 20 of one row can have the same diameter as wear-protection elements 20 of another row. A diameter of a wear-protection element 20 can be equal to a shank diameter X_21 or a diameter of a head 24 of the wear-protection element 20. However, it is also conceivable that the diameters may differ between the rows or within a row.
[0083] A row spacing Z_20 can be provided between the rows. If, in an arrangement in at least two rows, the sum of the diameter of a wear-protection element in one row and a wear-protection element in another row is greater than or equal to the landside thickness Z_1, the row spacing Z_20 can be at least a quarter of the smaller diameter. If the diameters are the same, the row spacing Z_20 can be at least a quarter of the diameter. Preferably, the row spacing Z_20 can be at most the value of the material thickness Z_1 minus 1 mm minus the arithmetic mean of the larger and smaller diameters. The row spacing Z_20 is preferably at least 0.1 mm. The row spacing Z_20 is also preferably 0.5 mm to 30 mm, particularly preferably 0.5 mm to 3 mm.
[0084] As shown in FIG. 5, the distances Y_20 between the wear-protection elements 20 of both rows can be constant and equal to each other. In this case, the result is an arrangement of two rows that are staggered. However, it is also conceivable that the wear-protection elements 20 have variable distances Y_20 from each other within the rows. For instance, it is conceivable that the distances Y_20 could be smaller in areas that are particularly susceptible to wear. Also, the distances Y_20 within a row do not have to be the same as those within another row. In particular, it may make sense to provide smaller distances Y_20 in a row that is closer to the diverting face 2 than another row.
[0085] If, in an arrangement in at least two rows, the sum of a diameter of a wear-protection element 20 of one row and a wear-protection element 20 of another row is greater than or equal to the landside thickness Z_1, the distance Y_20 can be at least a quarter of the smaller diameter. If the diameters are the same, the distance Y_20 can be at least a quarter of the diameter. Preferably, the distance Y_20 can be at most the value of the length of the landside minus 1 mm minus the arithmetic mean of the larger and smaller diameter.
[0086] It is also conceivable that the wear-protection element mounts 10 and the wear-protection elements 20 are not arranged in several rows, but that an offset between the heads 24 results from the fact that the heads 24 are designed eccentrically to the shanks 21 of the wear-protection element 20, as can be seen, for instance, in FIG. 3f. In this case, a staggered arrangement of the heads 24 can also be achieved if the wear-protection element mounts 10 are arranged in a row and the wear-protection elements 20 are inserted into the wear-protection element mount 10 rotated to different degrees about their central longitudinal shank axis ML_21. A bottom view of a landside 1 designed in this way can also be equal to that of FIG. 5. FIG. 6 shows a side view of such an exemplary embodiment. The alignment of a wear-protection element 20 having a head 24 disposed eccentrically to the shank 21 is particularly clear from the sectional view in FIG. 9.
[0087] FIG. 7 shows an example of a landside 1 that has two rows of wear-protection element mounts 10 and wear-protection elements 20 that are arranged symmetrically to one another. Of course, the rows do not have to be symmetrical to one another and/or arranged symmetrically, as shown by various examples of the area marked XI in FIG. 7 in FIGS. 11a to 11c.
[0088] To this end, FIG. 11a shows a staggered arrangement of the wear-protection elements 20 and/or wear-protection element mounts 10 similar to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 5, wherein a comparatively larger row spacing Z_20 is provided, however. FIG. 11b shows a staggered arrangement in which the distance Y_20 in the rows is not constant. FIG. 11c shows a staggered arrangement of wear-protection elements 20 having heads 24 with rectangular cross-sections, such as those of the exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 3d and 3e.
[0089] As can be seen in FIG. 8, a shoulder 9 can be provided on the landside 1 in the area of the underside 4. The shoulder 9 can extend along the longitudinal extent L from the front surface 6 to the rear surface 7. However, it is also conceivable that the shoulder 9 does not cover the entire length of the landside 1 and is only provided sectionally, in particular also segmented and/or with interruptions.
[0090] FIG. 10 shows a sectional view along line X-X of FIG. 8. As can be clearly seen in the figure, the material thickness Z_1 of the landside 1 can be supplemented with a shoulder material thickness Z_9 in the area of the underside 4. This results in an increase in the surface area of the underside 4. Wear-protection elements 20 can be provided in the area of the underside 4 formed by the shoulder 9.
[0091] As can also be seen in FIG. 10, two wear-protection elements 20 can be mounted in a wear-protection element mount 10 and lined up, for instance, in the direction of the central longitudinal axes ML_21 of the wear-protection elements 20. The head surface 23 of one wear-protection element 20 can be in direct or indirect contact with the shank end 22 of the other wear-protection element 20. More than two wear-protection elements 20 can also be disposed in at least one wear-protection element mount 10.
[0092] Below, an exemplary way of manufacturing a landside 1 according to the invention is described.
[0093] The landside body 1.1 of the landside 1 can, for instance, be cut out of a metal sheet, in particular a steel sheet. A shoulder 9 can also be cut out of a sheet metal blank. However, it is also conceivable, for instance, to use a bar material as the starting material for a shoulder 9. A shoulder 9 can then be attached to the landside body 1.1 using a material bond, for instance welding or gluing. However, other connections, such as screw or rivet connections, are also conceivable. An integral design of the shoulder 9 and the landside body 1.1 is also conceivable.
[0094] The wear-protection element 20 can be manufactured using a sintering process, for instance.
[0095] Fastening mounts 8 can be inserted into the landside body 1.1 to mount fasteners for attachment to a plow, for instance screws/bolts. For instance, fastening mounts 8 in the form of bores can be drilled into the landside body 1.1.
[0096] Wear-protection element mounts 10 can be incorporated in the underside 4 of the landside 1. Preferably, the wear-protection element mounts 10 are designed as bores and are incorporated into the underside 4 of the landside 1 by drilling. However, it is also conceivable to use other processes, in particular other machining processes, for instance milling processes, to insert the wear-protection element mount 10 into the underside 4.
[0097] A material bonding agent, for instance a solder, can be introduced into the wear-protection element mounts 10. Alternatively, a glue, for instance, is also conceivable. The wear-protection elements 20 can then be inserted into the wear-protection element mounts 10. Preferably, the landside 1 is oriented in such a way that the wear-protection elements 20 are pressed into the wear-protection element mounts 10 under the effect of gravity. For instance, a flux can be introduced into the wear-protection element mount 10 before or after inserting the wear-protection elements 20. The landside 1 and the wear-protection element 20 inserted in the wear-protection element mounts 10 can then be subjected to a heat treatment, for instance in a furnace, to produce and/or optimize the material bond, in particular soldered connection.
[0098] The operation of a landside 1 according to the invention is described below by way of example.
[0099] A landside 1 can be attached to a plow, for instance, by means of fasteners guided through the fastening mount 8.
[0100] As described above, the plow and the landside 1 are pulled through the ground in a working direction, cutting a furrow in the ground. The resulting forces in the direction of the edge of the furrow and in the direction of the bottom of the furrow are at least partially transferred to the landside 1. In this case, the diverting face 2 of the landside 1 is in contact with the edge of the furrow and the underside 4 is in contact with the bottom of the furrow. The diverting face 2 and underside 4 can be protected against wear by the wear-protection elements 20 used in accordance with the invention.
