UPPER WITH MEMBRANE REGIONS

Abstract

An upper for an article of footwear. The upper comprises a first membrane region having a first set of characteristics, and second membrane region located in an area of the upper which is different from the first membrane region and having a second set of characteristics, a first value of at least one of the characteristics of the second set of characteristics being different from a second value of the corresponding characteristic of the first set of characteristics. Also, a shoe with such an upper.

Claims

1. An upper for an article of footwear comprising: a first membrane region having a first set of characteristics; and a second membrane region located in an area of the upper different from the first membrane region and having a second set of characteristics, wherein a value of a characteristic of the first set of characteristics is different from a value of the corresponding characteristic of the second set of characteristics.

2. The upper according to claim 1, wherein the characteristic of the first set of characteristics and the corresponding characteristic of the second set of characteristics is an elasticity, a vapor permeability, or a waterproofness.

3. The upper according to claim 2, wherein the characteristic of the first set of characteristics and the corresponding characteristic of the second set of characteristics is an elasticity, wherein the value of the elasticity of the first membrane region is greater than the value of the elasticity of the second membrane region, and wherein the first membrane region is located at an ankle region, a heel region, or a tongue region of the upper.

4. The upper according to claim 3, wherein the value of the elasticity of the first membrane region ranges from 30% to 80%, and wherein the value of the elasticity of the second membrane region ranges from 1% to 30%.

5. The upper according to claim 2, wherein the characteristic of the first set of characteristics and the corresponding characteristic of the second set of characteristics is a waterproofness, wherein the value of the waterproofness of the first membrane region is greater than the value of the waterproofness of the second membrane region, and wherein the first membrane region is located closer to a lower surface of the upper than the second membrane region of the upper, the lower surface of the upper being configured to form a bite line with a sole when coupled thereto.

6. The upper according to claim 2, wherein the characteristic of the first set of characteristics and the corresponding characteristic of the second set of characteristics is a vapor permeability, and wherein the value of the vapor permeability of the first membrane region ranges from 3 RET to 15 RET, and wherein the value of the vapor permeability of the second membrane region ranges from 3 RET to 15 RET.

7. The upper according to claim 1, further comprising a connecting region disposed between the first membrane region and the second membrane region.

8. The upper according to claim 7, wherein the first membrane region comprises a first membrane, the second membrane region comprises a second membrane, and the connecting region comprises a join assembling the first membrane and the second membrane.

9. The upper according to claim 8, wherein the join comprises at least one of an adhesive, a tape, a welded laser connection, a vibration connection, an infrared connection, a supersonic connection, a hot bar or hot pressing connection, or a seam with stiches.

10. The upper according to claim 1, wherein the first membrane region defines a first zone within a membrane, wherein the second membrane region defines a second zone within the membrane, wherein a connecting region disposed between the first membrane region and the second membrane region defines a third zone within the membrane connecting the first zone and the second zone, and wherein a thickness, a density, or a material of the first zone is different from a corresponding thickness, density, or material of the second zone.

11. The upper according to claim 1, wherein the first membrane region or the second membrane region includes a laminated structure having a carrier and a membrane layer, wherein the carrier is formed from at least one of an engineered mesh, a weft or warp knitted fabric, or a woven fabric.

12. The upper according to claim 1, wherein the first membrane region is inserted into the second membrane region.

13. The upper according to claim 12, wherein the first membrane region is U-shaped, rectangular shaped, trapezoid shaped, triangular shaped, or V-shaped.

14. The upper according to claim 13, wherein the upper further comprises an outer layer at least partially overlapping the first membrane region and coupled to the second membrane region, and wherein the outer layer at least partially overlaps a connecting region disposed between the first membrane region and the second membrane region.

15. The upper according to claim 13, wherein the upper further comprises an inner layer at least partially overlapped by the first membrane region and coupled to the second membrane region, and wherein the inner layer is at least partially overlapped by a connection region disposed between the first membrane region and the second membrane region.

16. The upper according to claim 1, wherein the upper further comprises a shoelace, wherein the shoelace is coupled to a plurality of eyestay elements, and wherein each eyestay element holds a loop of the shoelace at a respective point of fixation.

17. The upper according to claim 16, wherein the plurality of eyestay elements are coupled to a connecting region disposed between the first membrane region and the second membrane region.

18. The upper according to claim 16, wherein the plurality of eyestay elements are coupled to an edge of an outer layer of the upper, the outer layer being attached to the second membrane region.

19. The upper according to claim 1, further comprising a third membrane region located in an area of the upper different from the first and second membrane regions and having a third set of characteristics, wherein the value of the characteristic of the first set of characteristics and the value of the corresponding characteristic of the second set of characteristics are different from a value of the corresponding characteristic of the third set of characteristics.

20. A shoe comprising the upper according to claim 1.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0035] The accompanying figures, which are incorporated herein, form part of the specification and illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure. Together with the description, the figures further serve to explain the principles of and to enable a person skilled in the relevant art(s) to make and use the disclosed embodiments. These figures are intended to be illustrative, not limiting. Although the disclosure is generally described in the context of these embodiments, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure to these particular embodiments. In the drawings, like reference numbers indicate identical or functionally similar elements.

[0036] FIG. 1 shows an upper according to some embodiments.

[0037] FIG. 2 shows an upper with eyestay elements according to some embodiments.

[0038] FIG. 3 shows an upper with eyestay elements and a top eyestay supporting element according to some embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In the following only some possible embodiments of the disclosure are described in detail. However, the present disclosure is not limited to these, and a multitude of other embodiments are applicable without departing from the scope of the disclosure. The presented embodiments can be modified in several ways and combined with each other whenever compatible and certain features may be omitted in so far as they appear dispensable. For example, the disclosed embodiments may be modified by combining certain features of one embodiment with one or more features of another embodiment.

[0040] It is to be understood that not all features of the described embodiments must be present for realizing the technical advantages provided by the present disclosure. The disclosed embodiments may be modified by combining certain features of one embodiment with one or more features of another embodiment. Specifically, the skilled person will understand that features, and/or functional elements of one embodiment can be combined with technically compatible features, and/or functional elements of any other embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0041] While the embodiments below are described primarily with reference to an upper for an article of footwear, for example, an upper for a sports shoe, the skilled person will recognize that the disclosure can equally be applied in a plurality of different technical fields and/or use cases. For example, embodiments of the membrane could also be used for outdoor clothing like outerwear such as waterproof jackets, softshell jackets, ski or snowboard jackets, rain pants, 3-in-1 jackets, mountaineering shells or rain ponchos, and technical fabrics like gloves, tents shelters or backpacks and bags, to provide specific performance features such as waterproofing, wind proofing, and breathability.

[0042] Throughout the present figures and specification, the same reference numerals refer to the same elements. For the sake of clarity and conciseness, certain features, parts, elements, aspects, components and/or steps of certain embodiments are presented without undue detail where such detail would be apparent to the skilled person in the art considering the teachings herein and/or where such detail would obfuscate an understanding of more pertinent aspects of the embodiments.

[0043] As understood by the skilled person and/or to avoid redundancies, reference is also made to the explanations in the preceding sections, which also apply to the following detailed description.

[0044] Where a range of numerical values comprising upper and lower values is recited herein, unless otherwise stated in specific circumstances, the range is intended to include the endpoints thereof, and all integers and fractions within the range. It is not intended that the disclosure or claims be limited to the specific values recited when defining a range. Further, when an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is given as a range, one or more ranges, or as list of upper values and lower values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upper range limit or value and any lower range limit or value, regardless of whether such pairs are separately disclosed.

Definitions

[0045] The term membrane as used herein may refer to a specialized layer or coating applied to fabric to impart specific functional properties, such as waterproofing, breathability, or insulation. Membranes are thin, flexible, and typically made from polymers or other synthetic materials. They are designed to alter the performance characteristics of the fabric, enhancing its functionality for various applications. They may function as a kind of selective filter that is integrated into the fabric structure to perform specific filtration functions. Membranes can be applied to both natural and synthetic fabrics and are commonly used in outdoor apparel, sportswear, and technical textiles.

[0046] The term elasticity as used herein may refer to the property of a material that allows it to return to its original shape and size after being stretched or deformed. It is a measure of how well a material can withstand deformation and recover its initial form when the applied force is removed.

[0047] The term vapor permeability or water vapor permeability (WVP) as used herein, also related to the moisture vapor transmission rate (MVTR), is a measure of the ability of a material to allow water vapor to pass through it. It quantifies the rate at which water vapor diffuses or permeates through a material per unit of time and unit of area under specific conditions. Vapor permeability may typically be expressed with a Thermal Evaporative Resistance (TER) value defined by the ISO 11092 standard. The vapor permeability may also be expressed in units such as grams per square meter per day (g/m.sup.2/day) or grams per square meter per hour (g/m.sup.2/h). Various standardized test methods, such as ASTM E96, are used to measure vapor permeability.

[0048] The term waterproofness as used herein may refer to the property of a material or structure that prevents the passage or penetration of liquid water. It indicates the ability of a material to function as a barrier against water ingress, thereby protecting underlying surfaces or contents from moisture damage. Waterproofness is often quantified and evaluated through standardized testing methods, such as a hydrostatic pressure test (e.g., ASTM D5385 for roofing membranes). This test assesses the ability of a material to withstand water infiltration under controlled laboratory conditions.

[0049] The term zone as used herein may refer to a distinct area or region that is defined by specific characteristics, boundaries, or criteria.

[0050] The term eyestay as used herein may refer to the part of a shoe upper where the shoelaces are threaded through. It is typically located on the vamp region of the shoe, extending from the toe region to the throat line (the opening of the shoe where the foot enters). The eyestay consists of a series of reinforced holes, loops, or eyelets through which the shoelaces are passed to secure the shoe onto the foot.

[0051] The term comprising is an open-ended transitional phrase. A list of elements following the transitional phrase comprising is a non-exclusive list, such that elements in addition to those specifically recited in the list can also be present. The phrase consisting essentially of limits the composition of a component to the specified materials and those that do not materially affect the basic and novel characteristic(s) of the component. The phrase consisting of limits the composition of a component to the specified materials and excludes any material not specified.

[0052] It is noted that the headlines in the present disclosure are provided solely for the purpose to assist in keeping an overview during reading. The headlines do not mean that features of the respective embodiments cannot be combined.

Shoe Upper for an Article of Footwear

[0053] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, an upper for an article of footwear, for example, an upper for a sports shoe, is provided, which comprises a first membrane region having a first set of characteristics and a second membrane region located in an area of the upper which is different from the first membrane region and having a second set of characteristics, wherein a first value of at least one of the characteristics of the second set of characteristics is different from a second value of the corresponding characteristic of the first set of characteristics.

[0054] In this manner, incorporating two membrane regions with different sets of characteristics values in the upper of a sports shoe can provide the ability to customize its performance attributes, adapt it to variable conditions, improve its comfort and performance, enhance its durability and longevity, and customize its weight and flexibility. This can result in a shoe that offers improved functionality, comfort, and versatility for the wearer.

[0055] For instance, the shoe can be engineered to provide tailored performance in different areas of the upper by incorporating multiple membrane regions with different characteristic values. For example, in some embodiments, the second membrane region can have a higher waterproofness or breathability rating compared to the first membrane region, allowing for targeted protection or ventilation where needed. This allows for tailored performance based on the demands of various parts of the foot and the intended use of the shoe.

[0056] The variation in characteristic values between the two membrane regions can also enable the shoe to adapt to changing environmental conditions or wearer preferences. For instance, in some embodiments, during high-intensity activities where ventilation is crucial, a breathable membrane region can provide airflow to keep the foot cool and dry. Conversely, in wet or freezing conditions, the waterproof or insulating properties of the other membrane region can provide protection and comfort.

[0057] By selectively adjusting membrane properties based on the anticipated stresses and demands in different regions of the shoe, overall durability and longevity can be enhanced. This can help mitigate wear and tear, prolonging the lifespan of the footwear, particularly in high-wear areas or under challenging conditions.

[0058] Tailoring membrane characteristics values can allow for tailoring of weight and flexibility in the upper. Lighter, more flexible membranes can be utilized in areas where agility and freedom of movement are crucial, while denser, more robust membranes can be employed in areas requiring added support or protection.

[0059] Further, the ability to vary membrane properties across different regions of the upper can enable targeted performance enhancements to address specific user needs or preferences. For example, areas requiring additional waterproofing for outdoor activities or improved breathability for indoor sports can be accommodated with precision.

[0060] The incorporation of distinct membrane regions with different characteristic values opens up possibilities for innovative design concepts and product differentiation. Manufacturers can explore novel approaches to footwear design, offering consumers unique features and benefits that meet their evolving needs and preferences.

[0061] In summary, having distinct first and second membrane regions with different characteristic values in the upper of a sports shoe can provide for its customization, improved performance, and improved durability, and innovative design, which can ultimately contribute to an improved wearing experience for the user.

[0062] In some embodiments of the upper as described herein, the position of the first membrane region with respect to the position of the second membrane region can be configured to provide different functions to the upper when it is in use, i.e., when the upper is integrated in a shoe. For example, the first and the second membrane regions can be placed such that when a user puts on a shoe, as for example a sock type shoe, with an upper according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the instep is facilitated. The first and the second membrane regions can also be placed such that a shoe with an upper, according to some embodiments, provides a reliable hold even during intensive use.

[0063] In some embodiments of the upper, the first and the second set of characteristics include at least one of elasticity, vapor permeability, and waterproofness.

[0064] The technical advantage of incorporating membranes with different elasticity properties into the upper of a shoe can offer customized flexibility, enhanced support and stability, improved energy return, dynamic fit adaptation, durability, resilience, and responsive cushioning. For instance, the shoe can offer customized flexibility tailored to the needs of different foot movements and activities by incorporating membranes with different elasticity properties in specific regions of the upper. For example, areas requiring greater flexibility for natural foot motion, such as the forefoot or ankle, can feature membranes with higher elasticity, promoting a more comfortable and responsive fit. Moreover, the ability to vary elasticity in different membrane regions allows for targeted support and stability where needed. Regions requiring greater support, such as the midfoot or heel, can feature membranes with lower elasticity to provide a secure and stable platform, reducing the risk of overpronation or injury during dynamic movements. Also, membranes with higher elasticity properties can contribute to improved energy return in the upper, enhancing propulsion and efficiency during activities such as running or jumping. The elastic rebound of the membranes can help to store and release energy with each foot strike, promoting a more dynamic and responsive performance. Further, the elasticity of the membranes can allow the upper to adapt dynamically to the changing contours of the foot during movement. This can promote a snug and supportive fit that accommodates natural foot expansion and contraction, reducing the likelihood of discomfort or pressure points, particularly during prolonged wear or high-intensity activities. In addition, membranes with appropriate elasticity properties can contribute to the overall durability and resilience of the upper. By providing sufficient stretch and recovery capabilities, the membranes can withstand repeated flexing and stretching without losing their shape or structural integrity, which can provide long-lasting performance and comfort. Also, elasticity in the upper can also contribute to responsive cushioning, particularly when combined with other cushioning materials or components. The elastic properties of the membranes can help to distribute and absorb impact forces more effectively, enhancing overall comfort and reducing fatigue during extended periods of activity.

[0065] Integrating distinct membrane regions with different vapor permeability values in the upper of a shoe can provide targeted moisture management, enhanced breathability, improved comfort, and long-term durability, which can ultimately provide improved performance and user satisfaction.

[0066] Incorporating distinct first and second membrane regions with different waterproofness characteristics in the upper of a shoe can allow for targeted waterproofing, enhanced breathability, flexible design options, improved protection in critical areas, enhanced durability, and adaptability to varied conditions. This can provide a shoe with improved performance and comfort while effectively shielding the foot from water ingress in challenging environments.

[0067] In some embodiments of the upper, the first membrane region is more elastic than the second membrane region and is located at an ankle region and/or the heel region and/or the tongue region of the upper in use. An arrangement of the first membrane in the ankle region can provide a facilitated instep while the second, less elastic membrane is located on the remaining parts of the upper to provide the necessary hold.

[0068] In some embodiments, a good balance between facilitated instep and sufficient hold is provided when the first value of the elasticity ranges from 10% to 120%, from 20% to 100%, and/or from 30% to 80%. In some embodiments, the first value of the elasticity ranges from 80% to 120%. In some embodiments, the first value of the elasticity ranging from 80% to 120% can provide a good recovery of the material to ensure sufficient hold. In some embodiments, the first value of elasticity ranges from 10% to 30%. In some embodiments, the first value of elasticity ranging from 10% to 30% can provide comfortable insertion of the foot, depending on the pattern of the first and second membranes. In some embodiments, the second value of the elasticity ranges from 1% to 30%, from 1% to 20%, and/or from 1% to 10%. Such elasticity values can be provided by membrane materials such as polyvinylidene fluoride or polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE or PTFCE), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), paraformaldehyde (PFA), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET, PETE), polytetrafluorocthylene (PTFE), polyetherimide (PEI), nylon 6 or polycaprolactam, and polyimide (KAPTON, PI), or a combination thereof. These materials typically have different film thicknesses and varying vapor permeability and can therefore been chosen according to specific needs.

[0069] An improved waterproofness of the upper can, for example, be obtained by placing a first membrane region with higher water waterproofness at suitable locations within the upper, such as the lower surface of the upper which is connected to the sole in use, or the tip of the upper in use, and placing a second, lighter membrane region on the remaining parts of the upper, such as the parts that are higher in a medial direction in use. For example, in some embodiments of a shoe, an area prone to water contact is the bite line between the bottom-unit and the upper, making the desirability for water-proofness high in this area. Accordingly, in such embodiments, the first membrane region having higher waterproofness properties than the second membrane region can be located closer to a lower surface of the upper in use.

[0070] A combination of functions can be obtained when the first membrane region has a higher elasticity and a higher vapor permeability, and the second membrane region has a higher waterproofness. A first value of the vapor permeability that can provide a sufficient vapor exchange at usual wearing temperature can range from 3 to 15 RET, and/or from 6 to 13 RET, and a matching, second value of the vapor permeability can range from 3 to 15, and/or from 6 to 13 RET.

[0071] Example membranes can be made from synthetic polymers such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide (nylon), or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or expanded PTFE (ePTFE). These materials can be engineered to have further specific properties such as puncture resistance, stub resistance, hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity, chemical resistance, and mechanical strength to suit different filtration requirements. Example materials for the membranes are polyvinylidene fluoride or polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE or PTFCE), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), paraformaldehyde (PFA), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET, PETE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyetherimide (PEI), nylon 6 or polycaprolactam, and polyimide (KAPTON, PI), or a combination thereof.

[0072] In some embodiments of the upper, the upper has a connecting region between the first and the second membrane region.

[0073] A connecting region between the first and second membrane regions can provide several technical advantages such as enhanced stability, flexibility, customized fit, breathability, seamless aesthetic, and durability.

[0074] For instance, the connecting region can serve as a structural link between the first and second membrane regions, providing stability to the overall shoe upper. This can help maintain the shape of the shoe and can prevent deformation during movement, improving overall comfort and support for the wearer.

[0075] The connecting region can also allow for flexibility in the shoe upper, particularly in areas where the foot naturally bends during walking or running. This can promote a more natural range of motion and can reduce discomfort or restrictions on foot movement.

[0076] Moreover, the connecting region can be designed to accommodate variations in foot shape and size, which can provide a snug and customized fit for the wearer. By adjusting the length, width, or elasticity of the connecting region, shoe manufacturers can improve comfort and performance for different foot profiles.

[0077] In addition, the connecting region can incorporate breathable materials or ventilation channels to improve airflow and moisture management within the shoe upper. This can help regulate temperature and reduce the accumulation of sweat, keeping the foot dry and comfortable during wear.

[0078] Further, by reinforcing the connection between the first and second membrane regions, the connecting region can improve the durability and longevity of the shoe upper. This can prevent premature wear and tear, helping the shoe maintain its structural integrity over time.

[0079] When the first membrane region is made of a first membrane and the second membrane region is made of a second membrane, the connecting region can be a same membrane assembling the first membrane and the second membrane. The advantage of combining two different membranes in the upper is that the different membrane fabrics can easily be stored, and the membrane fabric can readily be chosen. Further, it can be easy to adapt the pattern of the upper, for example, for different shoe sizes and when modifications are desired.

[0080] To secure the first membrane to the second membrane, a join of the connecting region can comprise at least one of an adhesive, a tape, a welded laser connection, a vibration connection, an infrared, IR, connection, a supersonic connection, a hot bar connection/hot pressing connection, or a seam with stiches. The type of join can depend on the choice of the membranes, as not every membrane is adapted to any type of join. In some embodiments, the join can linearly fixate the first and second membrane. In some embodiments, the linear fixation can be provided by an adhesive, a tape, a welded laser connection, a vibration connection, an infrared, IR, connection, a supersonic connection, or a hot bar connection/hot pressing connection. The linear fixation can provide waterproofness to connecting region and/or the upper. In some embodiments, the joins can provide a punctual connection (e.g., stitches) between the first and second membrane. The punctual connection can provide increased strength to the connecting region and/or upper.

[0081] In some embodiments of the upper, the upper can be made of a single membrane. In such embodiments, the first membrane region is a first zone within the membrane, the second membrane region is a second zone within the same membrane and the connecting region is a third zone within the membrane connecting the first and the second zone. Different measures can be taken to make sure that the first and second membrane regions differ in at least one characteristics value. The different zones can for example have different thicknesses, different densities, different material compositions or a combination thereof.

[0082] The first and second membrane regions can include a laminated structure with a carrier and a membrane layer. The carrier can comprise at least one of an engineered mesh, a knit, such as a weft or warp knitted fabric, or a woven fabric. Suitable materials for the carrier can be polyurethane (PUR, PU), polyamide (PA), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Suitable materials for the membrane layer can be polyvinylidene fluoride or polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE or PTFCE), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), paraformaldehyde (PFA), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET, PETE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyetherimide (PEI), nylon 6 or polycaprolactam, and polyimide (KAPTON, PI), or a combination thereof.

[0083] An advantage of a single membrane is that there is no join between the two regions with different properties. This can provide an exact elasticity over a zone that has different water-proofness. The desired properties can be precisely steered: for example, the elasticity can be exactly determined by choosing the adapted carrier of the membrane material and tuning it, e.g., by a (screen) printing process onto the carrier, using different thicknesses in different regions. In such embodiments, the carrier of the membrane, for example, the engineered mesh, the knit, such as a weft or warp knitted fabric, or the woven fabric, are stretch fabrics. The use of stretch fabrics in a shoe upper can provide technical advantages such as improved fit, enhanced comfort, flexibility, breathability, adaptability, reduced weight, seamless construction, and aesthetic appeal. These benefits can contribute to a shoe that is comfortable, supportive, versatile, and visually appealing for the wearer.

[0084] In some embodiments of the upper, the first membrane region is inserted into the second membrane region. The first membrane region can have a U-shape, a rectangular shape, a trapezoid shape, a triangular shape, or a V-shape, depending on the circumstances.

[0085] The use of these various shapes can offer technical advantages such as customized fit, improved support, enhanced flexibility, improved breathability, enhanced durability, and seamless integration.

[0086] For instance, a U-shape or rectangular shape can provide ample room for wider feet, while a V-shape or triangular shape can accommodate narrower feet. This customization can enhance overall comfort and support for the wearer.

[0087] In addition, a trapezoid shape can offer additional support to the arch, while a triangular shape can focus on the forefoot or heel. This can improve stability and reduces fatigue during activities.

[0088] By incorporating shapes that mimic the natural contours of the foot, the membrane can offer enhanced flexibility and freedom of movement. This can promote a more natural gait and reduce restrictions, particularly during dynamic movements like running or jumping.

[0089] Varying the shape of the membrane can create openings or channels for increased airflow within the upper. This can enhance breathability and moisture management, reducing the risk of overheating and discomfort during prolonged wear.

[0090] Moreover, certain shapes, such as trapezoids or rectangles, can offer increased structural integrity and resistance to wear and tear. This can enhance the longevity of the membrane and promote long-term performance, even in demanding conditions.

[0091] By utilizing shapes that seamlessly integrate with other components of the upper, such as overlays or reinforcements, the membrane can provide a smooth and streamlined appearance. This can minimize potential friction points and enhance overall comfort for the wearer.

[0092] In some embodiments of the upper, the first membrane region inserted into the second membrane region is U-shaped and the upper further comprises an outer layer substantially overlapping the first membrane region and attached to the second membrane region in the vicinity or on top of the connecting region. In this way, the first U-shaped membrane is doubled-up by an outer layer substantially overlapping the first membrane region to enhance the step-in properties of the upper while providing additional protection to the user's foot.

[0093] In some embodiments, the U-shaped, first membrane region inserted into the second membrane region and the upper further comprises an inner layer substantially overlapped by the first membrane region and attached to the second membrane region in the vicinity or below of the connecting region. In such embodiments, a seam can be visible on the outward facing surface of the upper between the first and the second membrane. The first U-shaped membrane can be doubled-up by an inner layer in the inward facing surface.

[0094] In some embodiments, the first membrane and/or the second membrane can be puncture resistant. In such embodiments, the puncture resistivity of the first membrane and/or second membrane can prevent, for example, an outer layer of an upper substantially overlapping the first membrane and attached to the second membrane from inadvertently detaching from said membranes. In some embodiments, the puncture resistivity of the first membrane and/or the second membrane can prevent, for example, an inner layer substantially overlapped by the first membrane and attached to the second membrane from inadvertently detaching from said membranes. In some embodiments of the upper, the upper further comprises a shoelace. This can complement the upper to provide a tighter fit, and impede heel slip. The shoelace can be attached to at least two eyestay elements, each eyestay element holding a loop of the shoelace close to a point of fixation of each eyestay element on the upper. Allowing the shoelace to be attached to multiple eyestay elements close to the fixation points on the upper offers technical advantages such as improved fit customization, enhanced stability and support, reduced pressure points, minimized slippage, enhanced durability, and improved aesthetic appearance. These benefits can contribute to a shoe that is comfortable, supportive, durable, and visually appealing for the wearer.

[0095] In some embodiments of the upper, the upper can be laceless. This can provide comfort, aesthetics, and performance, offering a contemporary alternative to traditional lace-up footwear while meeting the diverse needs and preferences of wearers. For instance, laceless shoes eliminate the need for tying and adjusting laces, providing a convenient slip-on or closure system which can save time and effort, making the shoes helpful for quick transitions and on-the-go activities. For example, users can easily slip them on and off without dealing with tangled or untied laces. Moreover, laceless designs can offer improved performance in certain activities, particularly those requiring agility, responsiveness, and quick movements. The absence of laces prevents snagging or interference during dynamic movements, providing a smoother and more consistent experience for athletes and active individuals.

[0096] In some embodiments, at least two eyestay elements are fixed in the vicinity of or to the connecting region of the upper. Thus, the forces induced by the shoelace can be better distributed because in many cases the connecting region is already reinforced by additional material and a joint. It can also be advantageous to hold the loop of the shoelace close to the connecting region of the upper.

[0097] In embodiments where the upper comprises an outer layer, the eyestay elements can be fixed on the outer layer. In such embodiments, the eyestay elements can follow the edge of the outer layer which is fixed to the second membrane. Fixing the eyestay elements on the outer layer of the shoe, along its edge, offers technical advantages such as enhanced durability, improved stability, improved fit customization, reduced friction and irritation, and improved water resistance. For instance, additional reinforcement and durability to the attachment points can prevent damage or detachment of the eyestay elements, increasing long-term performance and structural integrity of the shoe. Further, placing the eyestay elements along the edge of the outer layer can allow for more precise and customizable lacing configurations. Wearers can adjust the tension and distribution of the shoelaces to achieve their desired fit and comfort level, enhancing overall performance and support.

[0098] To impede heel slip, it can be advantageous to have a last eyestay element located at the rear of the upper, namely in the middle of the ankle region of the upper when in use.

[0099] In some embodiments of the upper, the upper further comprises a top eyestay supporting element located adjacent to at least two eyestay elements and holding a loop of the shoelace at a distance of the points of fixation of the at least two eyestay elements. Although having a shoelace laced to a last eyestay element at the ankle region of the foot can improve the fit of the upper, for example, during intensive activity, it can result in an uncomfortable fit when used in less intensive activities. In such case, a top eyestay supporting element located adjacent to at least two eyestay elements and holding a loop of the shoelace at a distance of said line of fixation can improve the hold of the upper without sacrificing comfort.

[0100] In some embodiments, it can be advantageous to have a third membrane region having a third set of characteristics which is different from the first and the second set of characteristics. This can allow for tuning of the upper properties. The previous explained advantages for membranes also apply for this third membrane region.

[0101] Some embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to a shoe comprising an upper as described above. The shoe can be, for example, a running or trailrunning shoe or an outdoor shoe.

[0102] FIG. 1 shows an upper according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The upper comprises a first membrane region 1 having a first set of characteristics, and a second membrane region 2 located in an area of the upper which is different from the first membrane region and having a second set of characteristics, a first value of at least one of the characteristics of the second set of characteristics being different from a second value of the corresponding characteristic of the first set of characteristics.

[0103] FIG. 1 shows the inside of upper, i.e., the side directed to the inside of the shoe, in a semi-finished state, where the connection of the upper at the heel has not yet been made.

[0104] As shown in FIG. 1, in some embodiments, two different membranes are used. The first membrane region 1 is made of a first membrane 1 and the second membrane region 2 is made of second membrane 2. The first membrane 1 located at the tongue region of the upper is more elastic than the second membrane 2 which is to be located at the bite line between a sole and the upper. The second membrane 2 is therefore more waterproof, i.e., having a higher waterproofness, than the first membrane 1.

[0105] In some embodiments, the two membranes are connected to each other with a join 3 at a connecting region 3. In some embodiments, a seam tape made of TPU, PU, PA, TPU and/or PTFE, or a combination thereof, can be used.

[0106] As shown in FIG. 1, in some embodiments, the upper comprises an outer layer 7 which overlaps the first membrane 1 of the upper. The outer layer 7 may not have the function of holding the foot of the user within the shoe. In some embodiments, this function is accomplished by the first membrane 1 and second membrane 2. In some embodiments, the outer layer 7 overlapping the first membrane 1 can provide protection against water, dirt, and wind. The outer layer 7 can be made of a variety of different materials depending, for example, on the appearance that is desired for the upper, such as nubuck leather, split leather, full grain leather, laces, sewing threads, zippers, foams, synthetic leathers, and textiles, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the outer layer 7 can be made a flat knit, a large circular knit, a warp knit, a woven textile, and a non-woven textile, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the outer layer 7 can be an inner layer when substantially overlapped by first membrane 1.

[0107] FIG. 2 shows an upper according to some embodiments of the present disclosure together with an example sole. The embodiments of the upper shown in FIG. 2 can have any and all of the features of the embodiments of the upper discussed with respect to FIG. 1.

[0108] In some embodiments, eyestay elements 9 are connected to the outer layer 7 of the upper in the vicinity of the edge of the outer layer which is fixed to the second membrane 2.

[0109] In some embodiments, each eyestay element 9 can hold the loop of a shoelace 8 close to a point of fixation of each eyestay element 9 on the upper. To further impede heel slip, a last eyestay element 9 can be located at the rear of the upper, namely in the middle of the ankle region of the upper as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.

[0110] FIG. 3 shows an upper according to some embodiments of the present disclosure together with an example sole. The embodiments of the upper shown in FIG. 3 can have any and all of the features of the embodiments of the uppers discussed with respect to FIGS. 1 and/or 2.

[0111] As shown in FIG. 3, in some embodiments, the eyestay elements 9 are fixed on the outer layer 7 following the edge of the outer layer 7 which is fixed to the second membrane 2. As such, in some embodiments, the forces applied to the upper by the shoelace 8 can be distributed by the connection between outer layer 7 and second membrane 2 and force peaks can be attenuated.

[0112] For less intensive activities such as daily city commuting, the user can choose to lace the shoe using a top eyestay supporting element 10 as shown in FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 3, in some embodiments, the top eyestay supporting element 10 is fixed substantially in a line of fixation connecting the points of fixation of the other eyestay elements 9 and 9, but it holds the loop of the shoelace 8 at a distance of said line of fixation. With the top eyestay supporting element 10, the hold of the upper on the heel of the user can still be improved without sacrificing comfort.