SHOE SOLE WITH IMPROVED SHOCK ABSORBING EFFECT

Abstract

The Invention describes a shoe sole equipped with a non-linear shock-absorbing characteristic and a peculiar rebound effect, favoring a layout designed for weight maximum containment and maximum ease of use.

Claims

1. A footwear sole of synthetic materials, the sole comprising: a tread in contact with the ground (15a) that rises perimetral with a wall (14a) along a vertical direction to an upper outer edge (12a) and a central area (10a), an apical area (21), a forefoot area (200a), an intermediate front area (22), a central area (23), an intermediate rear area (24) and a heel area wherein said central area of the sole is delimited by a perimetral cracking (16a) that runs along the entire inner perimeter of the sole separating said central area (10a) from the upper outer edge (12a) and the wall (14a), said central area connected to the sole through the tread area, said central area also added to the sole (10b) in the inner tread area (11b), wherein perimetral cracking has a variable thickness around the entire perimeter of the sole, and wherein one or more groups of transverse cracking are arranged in the central area of the sole between the apical area (200a) and the heel area (25), said cracking differentiated by thickness and length, said groups also consisting of a single cracking,

2. The sole of claim 1, wherein the perimetral cracking has a variable width along the entire inner perimeter of the sole wherein an apical area is arranged with a perimetral cracking with a width of 3 mm. (201a), wherein a forefoot area is delimited by the section lines A-A/B-B with a perimetral cracking that increases its width from 3 mm. to 4 mm. (26), wherein an intermediate front area is delimited by the section lines B-B/C-C with a perimetral cracking that increases its width from 4 mm. to 5 mm. (27), wherein a central area is delimited by section lines C-C/D-D with a perimetral cracking that increases its width from 5 mm. to 6 mm. (270), wherein intermediate rear area is delimited by section lines D-DE-E with a perimetral cracking that decreases its width from 6 mm. to 3 mm. (271), and wherein an area of the heel is arranged with a perimetral cracking with a width of 3 mm. (272).

3. The sole of claim 1, wherein four groups of transverse cracking are arranged in the central area of the sole wherein a first group of three cracking (28, 29, 20a) develop from the forefoot area (220a) to the intermediate front area (22), said cracking being characterized by a thickness of 2 mm, wherein a second group of three cracking (21a, 22a, 23a,) develop from the intermediate front area to the central one, characterized by a thickness of 4 mm, wherein a third group of three cracking (24a, 25a, 26a) develop from the central zone to the intermediate rear one, characterized by a thickness of 4 mm. excluding cracking in the central area of the sole, which is 6 mm, and wherein a fourth group of three cracking (27a, 28a, 29a) that goes from the intermediate rear area to the heel area, characterized by a thickness of 2 mm.

4. The sole of claim 1, wherein an elasticity factor loses its linear and progressive character when subjected to a force along the vertical axis (33) such as to expand said central area until contact with the upper outer edge (12a) and the sole wall (14a).

5. The sole of claim 1, wherein one or more elastic devices to increase the rebound effect are arranged upon the central area (10a), and wherein each device of the one or more elastic devices is comprised of: a metal material and/or a synthetic material with no shape memory, an C shaped profile (64) in which the vertices of the sections folded to 90 (61) have a further torsion to 180 to form a hook (62) such as to cause a thickening of the apical section, and a shape of the horizontal section of the elastic device that rests on the horizontal surface of the central area of the sole, also of asymmetric type (70a, 71a).

6. The sole of claim 5, wherein the vertices of the sections folded to 90 of the elastic devices are inserted inside the perimetral cracking of the sole with a transverse orientation with respect to it (63).

7. The sole of claim 1, wherein the perimetral cracking is partially or totally filled with a dilating-type elastomeric polymer.

8. The sole of claim 1, wherein one or more cracking part of the transverse cracking groups, are partially or totally filled with a dilating-type elastomeric polymer.

9. The sole of claim 1, wherein the perimetral cracking and the cracking part of the transverse cracking group are partially or totally filled with a dilating-type elastomeric polymer.

10. The sole of claim 1, wherein the width variation of the perimetral cracking occurs near the reciprocal intersections of the section areas A/A, B/B, C/C, D/D, E/E, staying constant within the limits of each section area.

11. The sole of claim 1, wherein the perimetral cracking has a constant width along the entire inner perimeter of the sole.

12. The sole of claim 1, wherein, inside one or more transverse cracking belonging to the transverse cracking groups, one or more elastic bumper elements (100) are inserted, said elements made from a sheet of synthetic or metallic material, without shape memory, in the shape of a double ogive with two concave and opposing side walls (101,102) generating an internal opening (103), said elastic buffer elements also characterized by a height h (110) lower than the depth h1 (111) of the transverse cracking belonging to the transverse cracking groups

13. The sole of claim 1, wherein the elastic buffer elements are inserted into the transverse cracking in such a way as to present their side walls in contact with the side walls of the cracking (112),

14. The sole of claim 1, wherein the elastic effect, the rebound effect and the general dynamic behavior are determined by: the material of which the sole is made, the perimetral cracking the quantity of the transverse cracking groups, the insertion of one or more elastic devices in the sole, the filling of the perimetral cracking and the transverse cracking groups with an elastomeric polymer, and the insertion within the transverse cracking groups of one or more elastic bumper element.

15. A footwear, comprising: the sole, according to claim 1.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] A table with diagrams is included with the documentation for this application to illustrate the characteristics of the invention, with application variations highlighted where described. More specifically it includes the following:

[0045] FIG. 1 shows schematic views of a sole for footwear combined with an upper in the prior art.

[0046] FIG. 1a shows a top schematic view and a sectional view of the sole as per this invention.

[0047] FIG. 1b shows sectional views of a further embodiment of the central area of the sole according to the idea of this invention.

[0048] FIG. 2 shows a top schematic view of the sole as per the invention in which the perimeter cracking and the transverse cracking are visible.

[0049] FIG. 2a shows a partial schematic view of a further embodiment of the perimeter cracking according to the idea of the invention.

[0050] FIG. 3 shows schematic views showing the movement of the sole central area as per the Invention, when subjected to the forces resulting from walking.

[0051] FIG. 4 shows a graph illustration of the non-linear characteristic of the increased elasticity factor as per this invention.

[0052] FIG. 5 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the sole as per the invention.

[0053] FIG. 6 shows a transversal sectional view of the sole as per the invention with an additional element applied to improve the rebound effect.

[0054] FIG. 7 shows a top schematic view of the sole as per the invention in which the elements of improvement of the rebound effect are evident.

[0055] FIG. 7a shows a top schematic view of the of the sole in a further embodiment of the idea of the invention in which the elements of improvement of the rebound effect are evident.

[0056] FIG. 8 showing a cross-section of the sole as per the invention where the cracks are partially filled with an elastomeric polymer according to the idea of the Invention,

[0057] FIG. 9 shows a lateral sectional view of the sole as per the invention during the walking phase.

[0058] FIG. 10 shows a top schematic view of the sole as per the invention with an elastic buffer element inserted.

[0059] FIG. 11 showing a detailed schematic view of the height of an elastic buffer element.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0060] The description of the various methods for implementing this Invention is outlined for illustration purposes, therefore all possible modifications of an obvious nature in its field of application, when carried out by industry operators, will not limit the terms for protecting the patent itself.

[0061] The device described in this Invention is related to further solutions already known in the Prior Art which are used for the correct implementation in the chosen technical field.

[0062] In this text, the reference to a single technical element can also refer to a plurality of the same within the scope of the Invention, unless specifically indicated.

[0063] In the present text, the term Sole refers to the improved sole.

[0064] According to the embodiment of the Invention, is designed a sole for footwear in synthetic material, obtained by the already known injection processes on a mould. The Sole can also be made by a casting technique on a mould, when deemed feasible and consistent with additional factors, even of a non-technological nature.

[0065] According to the embodiment of the Invention, the synthetic material that constitutes the sole can be chosen from those already known in the State of the Art, for example EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate), Polyurethane (PU), TR etc.: the choice will depend on the quantity of the desired shock-absorbing effect, an effect that will then be modulated by the peculiar shape of the sole as disclosed in this text.

[0066] According to the embodiment of the Invention, the specific processes that provide the Sole with an improved shock-absorbing effect and an improved rebound effecti.e. a rebound effectare applicable to any sole produced by injection/mould or casting/mould; for this reason, in the drawing table, the aesthetics of the sole shown therein can conveniently be modified according to production needs.

[0067] According to the embodiment of the Invention, the Sole presents a differentiation of its structure in the central area (10a) compared to the peripheral area (11a). FIG. 1a shows how the cross-section profile of the sole (Z-Z) equipped with its tread (15a) which rises peripherally with a wall along a vertical axis (14a) up to its upper outer edge (12a) to descend again (13a) until it meets a central area (10a). The central area of the sole is the one that is most subjected to the downward thrust given by the foot, and is the one involved in producing the shock-absorbing functions during walking.

[0068] According to the embodiment of the Invention, the central area of the sole is equipped with an intrinsic elasticity characteristic deriving from the materials of which the Sole is made, as described in paragraph 0044. In the Prior Art, however, the use of elastic materials for the manufacturing of footwear soles can create an unwanted phenomenon during walking, namely a floating effect that makes the sensation of the positioning of the foot on the ground uncertain.

[0069] The said floating effect, if can be sought to increase the degree of comfort of the shoe, namely the ability to absorb shocks during walking, however it does not make it possible to perceive the ground as a stable reference on which to operate the necessary thrusts and movements of the foot for walking, running or practicing sports.

[0070] The floating effect can therefore create disorientation, precarious balance; in general it occurs on all those footwear equipped with a high shock-absorbing effect of the sole.

[0071] In the Prior Art it is known that the forces acting from the foot towards the sole during walking are distributed differently on the various areas of the same sole: in particular the heel (18a) and the tip of the foot (17a) are the areas of pressure of the support and thrust forces, which in rapid alternation allow walking.

[0072] Furthermore, during the support of the heel, the area subjected to a thrust towards the ground is smaller than the area that is created when the foot is parallel to the ground, so the deformation that the sole undergoes is decidedly higher. The same reasoning can be applied to the thrust that the forefoot generates during walking towards the sole in its apical part.

[0073] Since these movements generate great forces and thrusts on small surface areas of the sole, namely the apical area of the sole (17a) and the posterior area of the heel (18a), the final result is a greater tendency for the floating effect to arise.

[0074] In order to contain and control the floating effect, and according to the embodiment of the Invention, a continuous perimetral crack is appropriately designed on the internal perimeter of the sole (16a) whose effect is to separate the central area thus formed (10a) from the peripheral area (12a, 13a, 14a), i.e. the area composed of the elevation of the tread along the vertical axis, its edge and the descending profile, keeping the two areas mutually united thanks to the lower portion of the sole, i.e. that of the tread (15a).

[0075] According to a further embodiment of the Invention, the central area of the sole (10b) can conveniently be added in a subsequent processing phase to the tread area (11b) as disclosed in FIG. 1b, while respecting the construction criteria of the present Invention as declared in 0051, i.e. the central area of the sole is separated from the peripheral area (12b, 13b, 14b) by the presence of the perimetral cracking.

[0076] According to the embodiment of the Invention, the creation of a central area of the sole not in contact with the edge of the same amplifies the effect of softness and elasticity during walking, as the yielding of this area of the sole is enhanced by its own deformation, a deformation that develops freely along the empty space created by the perimetral cracking.

[0077] According to the embodiment of the Invention, the elasticity characteristic is defined as enhanced and has not a linear character, since once the area of the perimetral crack (30) has been filled by the application of the vertical forces that develop during walking (33), the material forming part of the central area of the sole comes into contact with the edge of the sole (31,32) which stops its expansion and deprives the sole of the floating effect, limiting its elasticity, triggering a non-linear damping phenomenon.

[0078] According to the embodiment of the Invention, what is created is: [0079] a. firstly a characteristic of enhanced elasticity during walking generated by the central area of the sole free to expand laterally in the perimetral cracking, [0080] b. secondly a stoppage of the shock-absorbing effect that interrupt it of its linear progression (40), that is a non-linear damping effect.

[0081] According to the embodiment of the Invention, the non-linearity of the enhanced elasticity factor depends on the width of the perimeter crack, howeveras disclosed in paragraphs 0050, 0051 and 0052the progression of the thrust forces generated by walking and the areas subjected to such stresses are not constant; for this reason, the perimetral crack of the sole will also be advantageously designed with variable widths depending on its development along the internal perimeter of the sole.

[0082] According to a further embodiment of the Invention, and by virtue of further technical characteristics that will be disclosed in the continuation of this Description, it is also possible to provide a layout of the crack with constant width along the entire internal perimeter of the sole. This will also depend on the technical elasticity performances required during the design phase of the Sole, on the materials used and on further construction factors.

[0083] Having FIG. 2 as a reference, the following areas of the sole (20) are identified in the present exposition: [0084] a. an apical area (21) that goes from the front vertex of the sole to the section line A-A, [0085] b. an area of the forefoot that goes from the section line A-A of the sole to the section line B-B, [0086] c. an intermediate front area that goes from the section line B-B to the section line C-C (22), [0087] d. a central area that goes from the section line C-C to the section line D-D (23), [0088] e. an intermediate rear area that goes from the section line D-D to the section line E-E (24), [0089] f. a rear area (25), also called the heel area, that goes from the section line E-E to the rear vertex of the sole.

[0090] According to the embodiment of the Invention, for each area of the sole the perimetral cracking assumes a variable value depending on the fact that the increased elasticity must be contrasted more or less by the damping factor, depending on the thrusts that arise during walking; an example of variable thickness of the perimeter cracking is provided here: [0091] a. the apical area is subjected to great stress and must provide an excellent sensation of support and precision in the push of the foot, for which the damping element of the enhanced elasticity is made to act rapidlyin order to limit the floating effectby means of a perimetral cracking with a width limited to 3 mm (201a), [0092] b. the forefoot area of the sole is designed with an enhanced elasticity factor higher than the one in the apical area, so that the width of the perimetral cracking increasesalong the portion of the area delimited by the section lines A-A/B-Bfrom 3 mm to 4 mm (26), [0093] c. the intermediate front area is designed with an enhanced elasticity factor higher than the one in the forefoot area, so that the width of the perimetral cracking increasesalong the portion of the area delimited by the section lines B-B/C-Cfrom 4 mm to 5 mm (27), [0094] d. the central area is designed with an enhanced elasticity factor higher than the one in the intermediate front area, so that the width of the perimetral cracking increasesalong the portion of the area delimited by the section lines C-C/D-Dfrom 5 mm to 6 mm (270), [0095] e. the intermediate rear area is designed with an enhanced elasticity factor lower than the one in the central area of the sole, so that the width of the perimetral cracking decreasesalong the portion of the area delimited by the section lines D-D/E-Efrom 6 mm to 3 mm (271), [0096] f. the heel area must provide a good support, so the damping element of the enhanced elasticity is made to act quicklyin order to limit the floating effectby means of a perimetral cracking with a width limited to 3 mm (272), similarly to the apical area.

[0097] According to the embodiment of the Invention, what is createdthanks to the perimetral cracking with variable thicknessis a damping factor of the elastic enhanced element compared to a Prior Art sole, factor weighted by the forces that insist on it and by the areas involved in walking. The enhanced elasticity factor therefore loses its linear characteristic, i.e. the proportionality with the force, as it is dampened by the contact between the edges of the central area of the Sole (10a) and the perimetral areas of the Sole (12a, 13a, 14a).

[0098] According to a further embodiment of the Invention, it is possible to implement a net variation in the width of the perimetral cracking instead of the progressive variation, as revealed in paragraph 0059 and in FIG. 2. By observing the detail of FIG. 2a, section B (taken as an example), the variation in the width of the perimetral cracking from the previous level (21c) to the next level (22c) is achieved by a sudden increase in the aforementioned level (20c) or by means of a step, without thereby taking away any of the advantages of the Invention as revealed in the previous paragraphs. What is therefore obtained is that the width of the perimetral cracking within the limits of each individual area of sections A/A, B/B, C/C, D/D, E/E remains constant.

[0099] According to the embodiment of the Invention, and in order to further vary the elasticity deriving from the material used for the production of the sole, the central area of the sole (10a) can be further processed by creating transverse slots, of variable section and variable length. FIG. 2 shows an example of the quantities of the groups of slots that can be made in the central area of the sole, namely: [0100] a. a first group of three cracks (28, 29, 20a) that goes from the forefoot area to the intermediate front area, with a thickness of 2 mm, [0101] b. a second group of three cracks (21a, 22a, 23a) that goes from the intermediate front area to the central area, with a thickness of 4 mm, [0102] c. a third group of three cracks (24a, 25a, 26a) that goes from the central area to the intermediate rear area, with a thickness of 4 mm excluding the crack located in the central area of the sole (24a) which has a thickness of 6 mm, [0103] d. a fourth group of three cracks (27a, 28a, 29a) that goes from the intermediate rear area to the heel area, with a thickness of 2 mm.

[0104] According to the embodiment of the Invention, the slot groups allow to adapt the variety of material used for the construction of the sole to the various applications in the types of footwear. In fact it is possible to increase the degree of the enhanced elasticity of the material of which the sole is made by making the slots disclosed in paragraph 0062, while maintaining a high damping factor resulting from the contact of the internal area of the sole with the respective edge.

[0105] FIG. 5 shows a longitudinal section of the Sole with an example of the cracking groups (50) described in paragraph 0062.

[0106] As described in this text, the Sole is preferably constructed by injecting synthetic materials into moulds, more precisely by injection or even casting. It is well known that the production of moulds is very expensive, so a shoe soles manufacturing company is interested in optimising the production processes also with regards the economic parameters; it is therefore obvious that using a single material is more economically advantageous. The Sole according to the idea of the Invention can be produced, with the same material used, with different elasticity characteristics and different damping characteristics, thanks to the perimetral cracking and the transversal cracking groups in the central area of the sole. Furthermore, as regards the presence of transverse crack groups in the central area of the sole, it is also possible to implement single cracks, or even in some cases a single crack forming part of a single group, appropriately positioned.

[0107] According to a further embodiment of the Invention, a technology is devised that, applied to the Sole, allows to modify the rebound characteristics, i.e. the rebound of the elastic element inherent in the material used for the construction of the sole, but also to modify the overall behaviour of the sole when used for walking, running, jumping, etc.

[0108] The developed technology avoids to produce n moulds for n elasticity and rebound characteristics, but to adapt a limited number of models of the Solemodels differentiated by quantity of crack groups or width of perimetral crackingto additional characteristics. Furthermore, this technique according to the idea of the Invention allows to reduce the variety of synthetic materials used for the creation of the Sole, as it is possible to limit or increase the elasticity and rebound characteristics of a single material.

[0109] According to what has already been described in the text of the present invention, the technical characteristics of the sole that affect the performance offered during its use are: [0110] a. the material of which the sole is made, [0111] b. the degree of perimetral cracking as per this invention, [0112] c. the quantity and dimensions of the transverse cracking groups in the central area of the sole as per this invention.

[0113] According to a further embodiment of the invention, two further factors are added to the above-mentioned factors, namely: [0114] a. the insertion of additional elastic devices in the sole, [0115] b. the partial or complete filling of the cracks, both the perimetral cracking and those of the individuated groups, with polymers that harden when subjected to mechanical stress.

[0116] According to a further embodiment of the Invention, is designed an elastic device in metal, for example in harmonic steel, or synthetic material without shape memory, for example carbon or composite material, and said elastic device is inserted into the spaces created by the perimetral cracking as per this Invention.

[0117] According to a further embodiment of the Invention, the elastic device (64) has a C shape, or the shape of a staple, as can be seen from the cross-section of the sole in FIG. 6 (60) in which the vertices of the sections folded at 90 (61) of the elastic device have a further 180 torsion to form a hook (62) such as to cause a thickening of the apical section. The dimensions of the elastic devices allow them to be inserted into the internal edges of the perimetral crack in a transverse position, so as to overlap the central part of the sole (63) and therefore create an additional support surface for the foot, a surface which will react to the vertical forces generated by walking, with a rebound effect enhanced by the presence of the elastic devices.

[0118] According to a further embodiment of the Invention, the quantity of elastic devices that can be inserted on the sole depends on the quantity of rebound that one wishes to obtain; the elastic devices are in fact designed with no mechanical memory, so that once subjected to vertical forces coming from walking, they flex and react with an upward thrust, which is added to that of the material of which the Sole is made.

[0119] According to a further embodiment of the Invention, the hook in the apical area of the 90 folded section of the elastic device fits tightly into the perimetral cracking, allowing its stability in contact with the sole during the construction phases of the sole itself.

[0120] According to a further embodiment of the Invention, the elastic devices do not influence the non-linear damping factor of the enhanced elasticity of the sole, since they limit the volume of the perimeter crack in a negligible way; surprisingly, however, they increase said characteristics since the aforementioned devices have limited bending capacity along the area of the section bent at 90, or they bring higher rigidity to the material in the section of the sole external to the perimetral cracking.

[0121] In the top view of FIG. 7, there are a series of four elastic devices (70,71,72,73) inserted in the sole (74), appropriately distributed between the apical area and the heel of the Sole.

[0122] According to a further embodiment of the Invention, the elastic devices inserted in the sole to improve the rebound effect, or the bounce, can highlight the section that rests on the horizontal surface of the central area of the solethe one delimited by the perimeter crackwith appropriate different shapes, deriving from the need to increase or decrease the rebound effect. For example, it is possible to create asymmetric shapes (70a, 71a) to vary the performance by virtue of the internal area of the sole (73a) or the external area (74a), or vary its shape (72a) by creating support areas with heterogeneous surfaces, which interact with the rebound function.

[0123] According to a further embodiment of the Invention, both the perimetral cracking and those in groups in the central area of the sole provide a well-defined internal volume that can be filled, totally or partially, with dilating elastomeric polymers or with a material which tends to be fluid and in which the speed of the applied forces immediately stiffens the structure, changing its fluid state into a solid/semi-solid state.

[0124] These substances, already known in the State of the Art, if stressed with progressive forces diluted over time, tend to remain soft and/or fluid, therefore not modifying the behaviour of the structure that contains them. If, however, they are stressed suddenly, in a very short period, they stiffen, providing characteristics of protection, blocking, structure etc.

[0125] According to a further embodiment of the Invention, it is possible to fill one or more crack areas of the Sole (80,81)both the perimeter ones and those of the groups inside the central area of the solewith the aforementioned elastomeric polymers, which will react to the high and sudden thrust forces of walkingor runningin a manner proportional to the speed of the same, stiffening the structure of the sole in the chosen areas, or modifying the characteristics of elasticity and the floating effect. If, however, the walking forces are of lesser intensity and more distributed over time, for example in case of repeated slow walks, the structural and stiffening effects of the elastomeric polymer will be minimal.

[0126] Surprisingly, the presence of transverse crack groups can be used to provide additional technical performance to the sole thanks to the provision of a device designed to be inserted inside them. Until now, in fact, all the solutions described in this Description have focused on the rebound effect and on the enhanced elasticity characteristic, aspects that concern forces that are discharged vertically with respect to the ground.

[0127] According to a further embodiment of the Invention, therefore, it is also possible to modulate the propensity of the sole to bend more or less easily in a transverse direction (90), or to make its bending capacity depending on a more or less accentuated walking movement, therefore rendering said bending capacity programmable.

[0128] According to a further embodiment of the Invention, this is possible thanks to the design of an elastic buffer element without shape memory (100) constructed from a sheet of synthetic or metallic material, in the shape of a double ogive with two concave and opposite lateral walls (101,102) generating an internal opening (103). In the presence of compressive forces orthogonal to the two facing walls (104) the elastic buffer element has the capacity to compress (105) and therefore to exert a contrary repulsive force (106).

[0129] According to a further embodiment of the Invention, the elastic buffer elements are inserted inside one or more slots of the transverse slot group in such a way as to present their lateral walls in contact with the lateral walls of the slots (112). The elastic buffer elements are subjected to a cyclic compression generated by the walking movement, as the transverse slot groups will tend to cyclically close and open (91) due to the flexion of the sole. The forces that will be discharged on the elastic buffer elements will therefore be more or less contrasted by them.

[0130] According to a further embodiment of the Invention, furthermore, at the moment in which the sole no longer comes into cyclical contact with the ground, it will be conditioned by the thrust of the elastic buffer elements, a thrust which will facilitate the sole to stretch along the longitudinal axis.

[0131] According to a further embodiment of the Invention, it is also possiblewhen requiredto make the elastic buffer elements with an adequate height h (110), or a height less than the depth h1 (111) of the cracks of the transversal cracking group of the sole, in order not to compromise the compression of the aforementioned area during walking.

[0132] From what has been described above, therefore, and according to the embodiments of the Invention, the technical characteristics of the sole that affect the performance offered during their use depend on a comprehensive set of factors, namely: [0133] a. the material of which the sole is made, [0134] b. the perimetral cracking resulting as per this Invention, [0135] c. the quantity and dimensions of the transverse cracking groups in the central area of the sole as per this Invention, [0136] d. the insertion in the sole of one or more elastic devices as per this Invention, [0137] e. the filling of the transverse cracking groups and the perimeter cracking as per this Invention with an elastomeric polymer, [0138] f. the insertion inside the transverse cracking groups of one or more elastic buffer elements.

Invention Examples

[0139] None.

Industrial Applications of the Invention

[0140] This Invention is applicable in any type of footwear, even in models not designed for a specific and highly specialized sporting activity, for the manufacturing of synthetic soles with improved comfort characteristics.

Citations in the Invention

[0141] Citation List follows: none.

Patent Literature

[0142] PTL1: U.S. Pat. No. 20,222,48804A1 [0143] PTL2: WO2016191109A1 [0144] PTL3: U.S. Pat. No. 7,966,749B2 [0145] PLT4: U.S. Pat. No. 9,930,928B2 [0146] PLT5: WO2023122761A1 [0147] PLT6: U.S. Pat. No. 20,203,05541A1 [0148] PLT7: U.S. Pat. No. 6,026,593

Non-Patent Literature

[0149] NPL1: none.