SYSTEM OF CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS FOR JOINTLESS ERECTION OF BUILDING WALLS

Abstract

A system of construction elements for jointless erection of building walls, including center, corner and edge blocks, with each block having a cuboid shape with profiled mating system in the form of lugs and recesses matching adjacent blocks at the points of their locking, providing the mating system in the center blocks, corner blocks and edge blocks are located on each horizontal and vertical mating surface, wherein the center block has, on the horizontal top surface, a mating system in the form of lugs having the shape of two flattened cuboids, arranged symmetrically and connected by a crosspiece, on the horizontal bottom surface it has a cuboid recess adapted for mating with lugs on the top surface, while on the vertical mating surfaces.

Claims

1. A system of construction elements for jointless erection of building walls comprising center, corner and edge blocks, with each block having a cuboid shape with profiled interlocking means in form of lugs and recesses matching adjacent blocks at points of their locking, wherein the interlocking means in center, corner and edge blocks are located on each horizontal and a vertical mating surface, wherein: a center block, on a horizontal top surface, has mating means in form of the lugs having shape of two flattened cuboids, arranged symmetrically and connected by a crosspiece; on a horizontal bottom surface has a cuboid recess matching in shape the lugs on the top surface; while on the vertical mating surfaces, along an entire height of the block, it has at least one lug of a trapezoidal shape in cross-section or at least one recess with shape matching the lug and includes an undercut; a corner block, on the horizontal top surface, has mating means in form of the lugs having shape of two flattened cuboids with a protrusion; on the horizontal bottom surface has a cuboid recess matching in shape the lugs on the top surface; while on the vertical mating surfaces, the entire height of the block, it has at least one lug of the trapezoidal shape in cross-section or at least one recess with shape matching the lug and includes an undercut; an edge block, on the horizontal top surface, has mating means in form of at least one lug having shape of a flattened cuboid with a protrusion; on the horizontal bottom surface has a cuboid recess matching shape of the lugs on the top surface; while on the vertical mating surfaces, along the entire height of the block, it has at least one lug with the trapezoidal shape in cross-section or at least one recess with shape matching the protrusion, and contains at least one undercut.

2. The system of construction elements for jointless erection of building walls according to claim 1, wherein the lugs on the top surfaces have chamfered edges.

3. The system of construction elements for jointless erection of building walls according to claim 1, wherein the corner block has an utility opening.

4. The system of construction elements for jointless erection of building walls according to claim 1, wherein the edge block has an utility opening.

5. The system of construction elements for jointless erection of building walls according to claim 1, wherein the center block has an utility opening.

6. The system of construction elements for jointless erection of building walls according to claim 1, wherein the center block has a half form, in which on the horizontal top surface it the system has mating means in form of the lug having the shape of a flattened cuboid; on the horizontal bottom surface it has a cuboid recess matching in shape the lugs on the top surface; while on the vertical mating surfaces, along the entire height of the block, it has at least one lug of the trapezoidal shape in cross-section or at least one recess with a shape matching the lug and includes the undercut.

7. The system of construction elements for jointless erection of building walls according to claim 1, wherein the system includes lintels made of edge blocks, a cuboid beam and top blocks.

8. The system of construction elements for jointless erection of building walls according to claim 7, wherein the top block contains on the horizontal bottom surface a cuboid recess adapted to be mated with the lugs of the edge block.

9. The system of construction elements for jointless erection of building walls according to claim 7, wherein a vertical mating surface has, along the entire height of the top block, at least one lug or at least one recess with a shape matching the lug and includes undercuts.

10. The system of construction elements for jointless erection of building walls according to claim 7, wherein on the horizontal top surface the top block has mating means in form of lugs in shape of two flattened cuboids, arranged symmetrically and connected by a crosspiece.

11. The system of construction elements for jointless erection of building walls according to claim 7, wherein the beam has perpendicularly bent ends.

12. A system of construction elements for jointless erection of building walls comprising: center, corner and edge blocks, with each block having a cuboid shape with profiled lugs and recesses matching adjacent blocks at points of their locking, wherein the lugs and recesses in center, corner and edge blocks are located on each horizontal and vertical mating surface, wherein: a center block, on a horizontal top surface, comprises the lugs having shape of two flattened cuboids, arranged symmetrically and connected by a crosspiece; on a horizontal bottom surface has a cuboid recess matching in shape the lugs on the top surface; while on the vertical mating surfaces, along an entire height of the block, the center block has at least one lug of a trapezoidal shape in cross-section or at least one recess with shape matching the lug and includes an undercut; a corner block, on the horizontal top surface, comprises the lugs having shape of two flattened cuboids with a protrusion; on the horizontal bottom surface has a cuboid recess matching in shape the lugs on the top surface; while on the vertical mating surfaces, along the entire height of the block, the corner block has at least one lug of the trapezoidal shape in cross-section or at least one recess with shape matching the lug and includes an undercut; an edge block, on the horizontal top surface, comprises at least one lug having shape of a flattened cuboid with a protrusion; on the horizontal bottom surface has a cuboid recess matching shape of the lugs on the top surface; while on the vertical mating surfaces, along the entire height of the block, the edge block has at least one lug with the trapezoidal shape in cross-section or at least one recess with shape matching the protrusion, and contains at least one undercut.

13. The system of construction elements for jointless erection of building walls according to claim 12, wherein the lugs on the top surfaces have chamfered edges.

14. The system of construction elements for jointless erection of building walls according to claim 12, wherein the corner block has a utility opening.

15. The system of construction elements for jointless erection of building walls according to claim 12, wherein the edge block has a utility opening.

16. The system of construction elements for jointless erection of building walls according to claim 12, wherein the center block has a utility opening.

17. The system of construction elements for jointless erection of building walls according to claim 12, wherein the center block has a half form, in which on the horizontal top surface the center block has mating means in form of the lug having shape of a flattened cuboid; on the horizontal bottom surface the center block has a cuboid recess matching in shape the lugs on the top surface; while on the vertical mating surfaces, along the entire height of the block, the center block has at least one lug of the trapezoidal shape in cross-section or at least one recess with a shape matching the lug and includes the undercut.

Description

[0020] A system of construction elements for jointless erection of building walls is shown in embodiments in the figures, where

[0021] FIGS. 1a and 1b, 1c and 1d present a center block of the system in a version with a trapezoidal lug and a corresponding recess on the vertical mating surfaces, in a top and bottom perspective view,

[0022] FIGS. 2a and 2b present a center block of the system in a variant with two trapezoidal lugs on the vertical mating surfaces, in a top and bottom perspective view,

[0023] FIGS. 3a and 3b present the center block of the system in a variant with two trapezoidal recesses on the vertical mating surfaces, in a top and bottom perspective view,

[0024] FIGS. 4a and 4b present a center block of the system in a variant with double lugs and corresponding double recesses on the vertical mating surfaces, in a top and bottom perspective view,

[0025] FIGS. 5a and 5b present the center block of the system in a variant with double lugs on each of the vertical mating surfaces, in a top and bottom perspective view,

[0026] FIGS. 6a and 6b present the center block of the system in a variant with double lugs on each of the vertical mating surfaces, in a top and bottom perspective view,

[0027] FIG. 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d, 7e and 7f present a corner block of the system in a variant with a trapezoidal lug and a corresponding recess on the vertical mating surfaces, in a top and bottom perspective view,

[0028] FIGS. 8a and 8b present a corner block of the system in a variant with two trapezoidal lugs on the vertical mating surfaces, in a top and bottom perspective view,

[0029] FIGS. 9a and 9b present a corner block of the system in a variant with two trapezoidal recesses on the vertical mating surfaces, in a top and bottom perspective view,

[0030] FIGS. 10a and 10b, 10c and 10d present a corner block of the system in a variant with double lugs and corresponding double recesses on the vertical mating surfaces, in a top and bottom perspective view,

[0031] FIG. 11a and 11b present a corner block of the system in a variant with double lugs on each of the vertical mating surfaces, in a top and bottom perspective view,

[0032] FIGS. 12a and 12b present a corner block of the system in a variant with double recesses on each of the vertical mating surfaces in a top and bottom perspective view,

[0033] FIGS. 13a and 13b, 13c and 13d present a corner block of the system in a variant with a trapezoidal lug on the vertical mating surface, in a top and bottom perspective view,

[0034] FIGS. 14a and 14b present an edge block of the system in a variant with a trapezoidal recess on the vertical mating surface, in a top and bottom perspective view,

[0035] FIGS. 15a and 15b present an edge block of the system in a variant with a trapezoidal lug on the vertical mating surface, in a top and bottom perspective view,

[0036] FIGS. 16a and 16b present an edge block of the system in a lintel variant with a trapezoidal recess on the vertical mating surface, in a top and bottom perspective view,

[0037] FIGS. 17a and 17b, 17c and 17d present an edge block of the system in a variant with double recesses or corresponding double lugs on the vertical mating surface, in a top and bottom perspective view,

[0038] FIGS. 18a and 18b, 18c and 18d present an edge block of the system in a lintel variant with double recesses or corresponding double lugs on the vertical mating surface, in a top and bottom perspective view,

[0039] FIG. 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d and 19e present an exploded view of a lintel made of system blocks,

[0040] FIGS. 20a and 20b present an upper block of the system in a variant with a trapezoidal lug and a corresponding recess on the vertical mating surface, in a top and bottom perspective view,

[0041] FIG. 21a and 21b present a top block of the system with double lugs on the vertical mating surface and corresponding recesses on the vertical mating surfaces, in a top and bottom perspective view,

[0042] FIGS. 22a and 22b present an upper block of the system with lugs on the top mating surfaces, in a top and bottom perspective view,

[0043] FIGS. 23a and 23b present a top block of the system in another variant with lugs on the top mating surface, in a top and bottom perspective view,

[0044] FIG. 24a, 24b present a fragment of a building wall constructed of system elements,

[0045] FIGS. 25a and 25b, 25c and 25d, 25e and 25f, 25g and 25h present a half block, in a top and bottom perspective view,

[0046] FIGS. 26a and 26b present a corner block in a variant with three vertical mating surfaces,

[0047] FIGS. 27a and 27b present a corner block in a variant with four vertical mating surfaces,

[0048] FIGS. 28a and 28b, 28c and 28d present a block with utility channels.

[0049] In the first embodiment, the system of construction elements for jointless erection of building walls consists of elements in the form of center blocks 1, corner blocks 2 and edge blocks 3, and may optionally include elements meant for creating a lintel in the form of adapted edge blocks 3, a cuboid beam 4 and top blocks 5. The center block 1 has a cuboid shape with profiled mating means located on each horizontal and vertical mating surface, wherein the horizontal top surface 1.1 has mating means in the form of lugs 1.2 shaped as two flattened cuboids with chamfered edges, arranged symmetrically on the horizontal top surface and connected by a crosspiece 1.2.1, as shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b. The lugs 1.2 have a height of 1/10 of the height of the entire block 1 and a surface area that equals of the horizontal top surface of the entire block 1, while the chamfer on the edges has an angle of 45. In other embodiments they may have a chamfer angle of 40 to 60. In other embodiments, the lugs 1.2 may not have chamfers, as shown in FIGS. 1c and 1d. On the horizontal bottom surface 1.3, the center block 1 contains a cuboid recess 1.4 adapted for interlocking with lugs 1.2 or 2.2 or 3.2 on the top surface 1.1, or 2.1 or 3.1 of the center blocks 1, or the corner blocks 2, or the edge blocks 3. The recess 1.4 has a surface area equal to 0.83 of the horizontal bottom surface area 1.3 of the block 1. On the vertical mating surfaces 1.5, the center block 1 has along its entire height a lug 1.6 with a trapezoidal cross-section and an appropriate recess 1.7 with a shape adapted to the lug 1.6, and additionally includes an undercut 1.8 appropriate in shape for interlocking with a crosspiece or lug 2.3 or 3.3 on the top surface 1.1 or 2.1 or 3.1 of center blocks 1 or corner blocks or edge blocks 3. The extreme outside surface of the lug 1.6 corresponds to 1/20 of the side surface area of the block 1, while the sides forming the trapezoidal lug 1.6 are inclined in relation to its base at an angle of 45 over a length of 1 cm.

[0050] In other embodiments, the center block 1 has, on each of the vertical mating surfaces 1.5, along the entire height, lugs 1.6 with a trapezoidal cross-section or, on each of the vertical mating surfaces 1.5, along the entire height, recesses 1.7 of a shape adapted to the lug 1.6 or 2.8 or 3.7 on adjacent center blocks 1, corner blocks 2 or edge blocks 3, as shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b, and 3a and 3b.

[0051] In other embodiments, the center block 1 may contain utility through openings 6 of a round or rectangular shape, made within lugs 1.2. Utility openings 6 are intended for routing cables or systems, as shown in FIGS. 28a and 28b.

[0052] The center block 1 may also be made in the form of a half block, in which mating means are made on the horizontal top surface 1.1 in the form of a lug 1.2 of a flattened cuboid shape, as shown in FIGS. 25a and 25b, and 25e and 25f, and 25h and 25g.

[0053] The corner block 2 has a cuboid shape with profiled mating means placed on each horizontal and vertical mating surface, wherein the horizontal top surface 2.1 has mating means in the form of lugs 2.2 shaped as flattened cuboids with chamfered edges and a lug 2.3, as shown in FIGS. 7a and 7b, and 7c and 7d. In other embodiments, lugs 2.2 may not have chamfers, as shown in FIGS. 7e and 7f. On the horizontal bottom surface 2.4 it contains a rectangular recess 2.5 adapted for connecting to lugs 2.2 or 1.2 or 3.2 located on the top surface 2.1 or 1.1 or 3.1 of center blocks 1 or corner blocks 2 or edge blocks 3. On vertical mating surfaces 2.6 or 2.7, the corner block 2 has, along the entire height of the block, a lug 2.8 with a trapezoidal cross-section or, respectively, a recess 2.9 of a shape adapted to the lug 1.6 or 2.8 or 3.7 on adjacent center blocks 1, corner blocks 2 or edge blocks 3. On the vertical mating surfaces 2.6 or 2.7, the corner block 2 contains undercuts 2.10 adapted in shape to connect to a crosspiece 1.2.1 or lug 2.3 or 3.3 on the top surface 1.1 or 2.1 or 3.1 of center blocks 1 or corner blocks 2 or edge blocks 3.

[0054] In other embodiments, the corner block 2 has, on each of the vertical mating surfaces 2.6 or 2.7, along the entire height, lugs 2.8 with a trapezoidal cross-section or, on each of the vertical mating surfaces 2.6 or 2.7, along the entire height, recesses 2.9 with a shape adapted to the lug 1.6 or 2.8 or 3.7 on adjacent center blocks 1, corner blocks 2 or edge blocks 3, as shown in FIGS. 8a and 8b, and 9a and 9b.

[0055] In other variants, the corner block 2 has, on each of the vertical mating surfaces 2.6 and 2.7 and 2.7 or 2.6 and 2.6 and 2.7 and 2.7, along the entire height of the block, a recess 2.9 of a shape adapted to the lug 1.6 or 2.8 or 3.7 on the adjacent center blocks 1, corner blocks 2 or edge blocks 3. On the vertical mating surfaces 2.6 or 2.6 or 2.7 or 2.7, the corner block 2 contains undercuts 2.10 adapted in shape for connecting to the crosspiece 1.2.1 or lug 2.3 or 3.3 on the top surface 1.1 or 2.1 or 3.1 of center blocks 1 or corner blocks 2 or edge blocks 3, as shown in FIGS. 26a and 26b, and 27a and 27b.

[0056] In other embodiments, the corner block 2 may contain utility through openings 6 of a round or rectangular shape, made within lugs 2.2. Utility openings 6 are intended for routing cables or systems, as shown in FIGS. 28c and 28d.

[0057] The edge block 3 has a cuboid shape with profiled mating means placed on each horizontal and vertical mating surface, wherein the horizontal top surface 3.1 has mating means in the form of the lug 3.2 shaped as a flattened cuboid with protrusion 3.3.

[0058] In other embodiments, the lug 3.2 may not have a chamfer. On the horizontal bottom surface 3.4 it contains a rectangular recess 3.5 adapted for connecting to lugs 3.2 or 1.2 or 2.2 located on the top surface 3.1 or 1.1 or 2.1 of center blocks 1 or corner blocks 2 or edge blocks 3. On vertical mating surface 3.6 the corner block 3 has, along the entire height of the block, a lug 3.7 with a trapezoidal cross-section or, respectively, a recess 3.8 of a shape adapted to the lug 1.6 or 2.8 on adjacent center blocks 1 or corner blocks 2. On the vertical mating surfaces 3.6 the edge block 3 includes an undercut 3.9 adapted in shape for connecting with the crosspiece 1.2.1 or lug 2.3 or 3.3 on the upper surface 1.1 or 2.1 or 3.1 of the center blocks 1 or the corner blocks 2 or the edge blocks 3, as shown in FIGS. 13a and 13b, and 14a and 14b.

[0059] In other embodiments, the edge block 3 has on the horizontal top surface 3.1 mating means in the form of two lugs 3.2 of a flattened cuboid shape, whose protrusions 3.3 are interlocked to form a crosspiece. On the vertical mating surface 3.6 and the parallel vertical surface, the edge block 3 includes an undercut 3.9 adapted in shape for connecting with the crosspiece 1.2.1 or lug 2.3 or 3.3 on the top surface 1.1 or 2.1 or 3.1 of the center blocks 1 or the corner blocks 2 or the edge blocks 3, as shown in FIG. 13 c and 13 d.

[0060] As an option, the system may include elements to make a lintel in the form of an adapted edge block 3, a cuboid beam 4 and top blocks 5.

[0061] The edge block 3 may also be made in a variant adapted for constructing a lintel, in which it has a cuboid shape with profiled mating means located on each horizontal and vertical mating surface, wherein the horizontal top surface 3.1 has mating means in the form of the lug 3.2, in the shape of a flattened cuboid with chamfered edges and with the protrusion 3.3. In other embodiments, the edge block 3 in the variant for lintels may feature an additional lug 3.10 on the horizontal top surface. On the horizontal bottom surface 3.4 it contains a cuboid recess 3.5 adapted for fixing to lugs 3.2 or 1.2 or 2.2 on the top surface 3.1 or 1.1 or 2.1 of the center blocks 1 or the corner blocks 2 or the edge blocks 3. On the vertical mating surface 3.6, the edge block has, along the entire height of the block, a lug 3.7 with a trapezoidal cross-section or, respectively, a recess 3.8 with a shape adapted to the lug 1.6 or 2.8 on adjacent center blocks 1 or corner blocks 2. On the vertical mating surface 3.6 and on the parallel vertical surface, the edge block 3 has an undercut 3.9 adapted in shape for connecting to the crosspiece 1.2.1 or protrusion 2.3 or 3.3 on the top surface 1.1 or 2.1 or 3.1 of center blocks 1 or corner blocks 2 or edge blocks 3, as shown in FIGS. 15a and 15b, and 16a and 16b.

[0062] The lintel beam 4 has the shape of a flattened cuboid with dimensions determined on the basis of structure strength calculations. In other embodiments, the beam 4 may have perpendicularly bent ends and form a U shape in a longitudinal section, as shown in FIG. 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d and 19e.

[0063] The top block 5 has a cuboid shape with profiled mating means located on the horizontal and vertical mating surfaces, wherein the horizontal bottom surface 5.1 contains mating means in the form of a cuboid recess 5.2 adapted for connecting with lugs 3.2 of the edge block 3. The vertical mating surface 5.3 of the top block 5 has, along the entire height of the block, a lug 5.6 with a trapezoidal cross-section and, respectively, a recess 5.5 with a shape adapted to the lug 5.6 and contains undercuts 5.4 adapted for connecting with the lintel beam 4 and with the edge blocks 3. The horizontal top surface 5.7 of the top block 5 may be flat or, in another variant, may be equipped with lugs 5.8 with a shape of two flattened cuboids with chamfered edges, arranged symmetrically and connected by a crosspiece 5.8.1, as shown in FIGS. 20a and 20b, and 22a and 22b.

[0064] In another embodiment, the system of construction elements for jointless erection of building walls consists of elements in the form of center blocks 1, corner blocks 2 and edge blocks 3, and may optionally include elements meant for creating a lintel in the form of adapted edge blocks 3, a cuboid beam 4 and top blocks 5. The center block 1 has a cuboid shape with profiled mating means located on each horizontal and vertical mating surface, wherein the horizontal top surface 1.1 has mating means in the form of lugs 1.2 shaped as two flattened cuboid bodies, arranged symmetrically and connected by a crosspiece 1.2.1, as shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b. Lugs 1.2 have a height of 1/10 of the height of the entire block 1 and a surface area that equals of the horizontal top surface 1.1 of the entire block 1. In other embodiments, the lug 1.2 may have chamfered edges, with the chamfer within the 40 to 60 range. On the horizontal bottom surface 1.3 the center block 1 contains a rectangular recess 1.4 adapted for connecting to lugs 2.2 or 1.2 or 3.2 located on the top surface 1.1 or 2.1 or 3.1 of center blocks 1 or corner blocks 2 or edge blocks 3. On the vertical mating surfaces 1.5, along the entire height, the center block 1 has two lugs 1.6 with chamfered vertical edges and respectively, two recesses 1.7 of a shape adapted to the lugs 1.6 and additionally includes an undercut 1.8 adapted in shape to the connection with the crosspiece 1.2.1 or lug 2.3 or 3.3 on the top surface 1.1 or 2.1 or 3.1 of center blocks 1 or corner blocks 2 or edge blocks 3. The sum of the outermost external surface of lugs 1.6 corresponds to 1/20 of the side surface area of block 1.

[0065] In other variants, the center block 1 has, on each of the vertical mating surfaces 1.5, along the entire height, two lugs 1.6 with chamfered vertical edges or has, on each of the vertical mating surfaces 1.5, along the entire height, two recesses 1.7 with a shape matching lugs 1.6 or 2.8 or 3.7 on adjacent central blocks 1, corner blocks 2 or edge blocks 3, as shown in FIG. 5a and 5b, and 6a and 6b.

[0066] The center block 1 may also be made in the form of a half block, in which mating means are made on the horizontal top surface 1.1 in the form of lugs 1.2 with a flattened cuboid shape, as shown in FIGS. 25c and 25d.

[0067] The corner block 2 has a cuboid shape with profiled mating means located on each horizontal and vertical mating surface, wherein on the horizontal top surface 2.1 it has mating means in the form of lugs 2.2 in the shape of flattened cuboid bodies with chamfered edges and the protrusion 2.3, while the bottom horizontal surface 2.4 contains a cuboid recess 2.5 adapted for mating with lugs 2.2. or 1.2 or 3.2 located on the top surface 2.1 or 1.1 or 3.1 of center blocks 1 or corner blocks 2 or edge blocks 3. On vertical mating surfaces 2.6 or 2.7, the corner block 2 has, along the entire height of the block, two lugs 2.8 with chamfered vertical edges or, respectively, two recesses 2.9 with a shape adapted to lugs 1.6 or 2.8 or 3.7 on adjacent center blocks 1 or corner blocks 2 or edge blocks 3. The vertical mating surfaces 2.6 or 2.7 of the corner block 2 contain undercuts 2.10 adapted in shape to mate with the crosspiece 1.2.1 or the protrusion 2.3 or 3.3 on the top surface 1.1 or 2.1 or 3.1 of center blocks 1 or corner blocks 2 or edge blocks 3, as shown in FIGS. 10a and 10b, and 10c and 10d.

[0068] In other variants, the corner block 2 has, on each of the vertical mating surfaces 2.6 or 2.7, along the entire height, two lugs 2.8 with chamfered vertical edges or, on each of the vertical mating surfaces 2.6 or 2.7, along its entire height, two recesses 2.9 with a shape adapted to lugs 1.6 or 2.8 or 3.7 on the adjacent center blocks 1, corner blocks 2 or edge blocks 3, as shown in FIG. 11a and 11b, and 12a and 12b.

[0069] The edge block 3 has a cuboid shape with profiled mating means placed on each horizontal and vertical mating surface, wherein the horizontal top surface 3.1 has mating means in the form of the lug 3.2, in the shape of a flattened cuboid with the protrusion 3.3. In other embodiments, the lugs 3.2 may have chamfered edges. On the horizontal bottom surface 3.4 it contains a cuboid recess 3.5 adapted for mating with protrusions 3.2 or 1.2 or 2.2 located on the top surface 3.1 or 1.1 or 2.1 of the center blocks 1 or the corner blocks 2 or the edge blocks 3. On the vertical mating surface 3.6 the corner block 3 has, along the entire height of the block, two lugs 3.7 with chamfered vertical edges or, respectively, two recesses 3.8 of a shape adapted to the lug 1.6 or 2.8 on adjacent center blocks 1 or corner blocks 2. On the vertical mating surfaces 3.6 the edge block 3 includes an undercut 3.9 adapted in shape for connecting with the crosspiece 1.2.1 or lug 2.3 or 3.3 on the upper surface 1.1 or 2.1 or 3.1 of the center blocks 1 or the corner blocks 2 or the edge blocks 3, as shown in FIGS. 17a and 17b, and 17c and 17d.

[0070] As an option, the system may include elements to make a lintel in the form of an adapted edge block 3, a cuboid beam 4 and top blocks 5.

[0071] The edge block 3 in the variant adapted for making a lintel may also have a cuboid shape with profiled mating means located on each horizontal and vertical mating surface, wherein the horizontal top surface 3.1 has mating means in the form of the lug 3.2, in the shape of a flattened cuboid with chamfered edges and with the protrusion 3.3.

[0072] On the horizontal bottom surface 3.4 it contains a cuboid recess 3.5 adapted for mating with protrusions 3.2 or 1.2 or 2.2 located on the top surface 3.1 or 1.1 or 2.1 of the center blocks 1 or the corner blocks 2 or the edge blocks 3. On the vertical mating surface 3.6 the corner block 3 has, along the entire height of the block, two protrusions 3.7 with chamfered vertical edges or, respectively, two recesses 3.8 of a shape adapted to the lugs 1.6 or 2.8 on adjacent center blocks 1 or corner blocks 2. On the vertical mating surface 3.6 and the parallel vertical surface, the edge block 3 includes an undercut 3.9 adapted in shape for connecting with the crosspiece 1.2.1 or lug 2.3 or 3.3 on the top surface 1.1 or 2.1 or 3.1 of the center blocks 1 or the corner blocks 2 or the edge blocks 3, as shown in FIGS. 18a and 18b, and 18c and 18d.

[0073] The lintel beam 4 has the shape of a flattened cuboid with its size depending on strength parameters, while the beam width remains constant and corresponds to the undercut 5.4 in the upper block 5, as shown in FIG. 19b.

[0074] The top block 5 has a cuboid shape with profiled mating means located on the horizontal and vertical mating surfaces, wherein the horizontal bottom surface 5.1 contains mating means in the form of a cuboid recess 5.2 adapted for connecting with the lugs 3.2 of the edge block 3. The vertical mating surface 5.3 of the top block 5 has, along the entire height of the block, two lugs 5.6 with chamfered vertical edges and, respectively, two recesses 5.5 with a shape adapted to the lug 5.6 and containing undercuts 5.4 adapted for connecting with the lintel beam 4 and with the edge blocks 3.

[0075] The horizontal top surface 5.7 of the top block 5 may be flat or, in another variant, may be equipped with lugs 5.8 with a shape of two flattened cuboids with chamfered edges, arranged symmetrically and connected by a crosspiece 5.8.1, as shown in FIG. 21a and 21b, and 23a and 23b.

[0076] The system of elements for dry erection of building walls has been subjected to thermal insulation tests aimed at confirming adequate thermal conductivity of external building walls and elimination of [0077] thermal bridges by the system according to the invention. Calculations have been performed of the heat loss coefficient due to transfer for a building wall separating a heated space and an external environment. The calculations included the impact of linear thermal bridges occurring at the connections of building partitions (elements) for a load-bearing wall erected without the use of any insulating materials. The coefficient of heat loss through transfer is one of the data points used for calculating the annual energy demand for building heating. Its component applies to the heat transfer through an enclosure separating a heated space and an external environment.

[0078] Calculations of thermal transfer were performed based on the PN-EN 12831:2006 standard.

Wall 1

[0079] Heat transfer from a heated space to the surroundings through an external non-insulated wall made of 10 cm thick hollow bricks. [0080] Heat transfer coefficient: 0.29 W/m2 K, [0081] External wall height: 3.20 m, Ceiling thickness: 35 cm, [0082] Room volume 100 m3, [0083] Correction factor Utb=0.05 W/m2 K

[0084] Heat transfer coefficient corrected for losses caused by linear thermal bridges:

[00001]$\mathrm{Ukc}=\mathrm{Uk}+D\mathrm{Utb}=0.29+0.05=0.34W/m2K$

[0085] To determine the heat loss coefficient of a wall, it is necessary to determine its surface area and then multiply it by the heat transfer coefficient corrected for thermal bridges.

[00002]$A=4\text{.95}3.2=15.84m2$

[0086] Then, it is necessary to determine the heat loss due to transfer through the building's wall

[00003]$\mathrm{Ht},\mathrm{ie}=\mathrm{Ak}U\mathrm{kc}=15.840.34=5.386W/K$

[0087] Designed thermal loss of heated space assuming an internal temperature of 20 degrees and external temperature of 20.

[00004]$t,i=\mathrm{Ht},\mathrm{ie}\left(i-e\right)=5.386\left[20\left(20\right)\right]=215W$

[0088] Heat losses after elimination of heat losses caused by thermal bridges:

[00005]$\mathrm{Ht},\mathrm{ie}=A\mathrm{kx}U\mathrm{kc}=15.840.29=4.5936W/K$$t,i=\mathrm{Ht},\mathrm{ie}\left(i-e\right)=4.5936\left[20\left(20\right)\right]=184W$

[0089] Elimination of thermal bridges allows savings of 31 W.

[0090] Such a difference allows savings of 159 kW of thermal energy during the winter period in Poland.

[00006]$215W-184W=31W$$24h*31W=744\mathrm{Wh}$$180\left(\mathrm{days}\right)*744W=133920W=133\mathrm{kWh}$

[0091] Calculation of heat loss to an unheated room and subsequently to the surroundings heat [0092] Transfer coefficient: 0.29 W/m2K, [0093] External wall height: 3.20 m, [0094] Ceiling Thickness: 35 cm, [0095] Room volume 100 m3, [0096] Correction factor Utb=0.05 W/m.sup.2K [0097] Corrected transfer coefficient:

[00007]$U=U+DU=0.29+0.05=0.34W/m2K$ [0098] Wall surface area:

[00008]$A=4.83.2=15.36m2$

[0099] Heat loss coefficient due to heat transfer from the heated space to the surroundings through an unheated space to the surroundings. The bu coefficient indicating an unheated room according to PN-EN 12831:2006.

[00009]$\mathrm{HT},\mathrm{iue}=\mathrm{Ak}\mathrm{Ukc}\mathrm{bu}=15.360.340.6=3.133W/K$

[0100] Design heat loss with consideration for an internal temperature of 20 degrees and external temperature of 20.

[00010]$T,i=HT,\mathrm{iue}\left(i-e\right)=3.133\left[20\left(20\right)\right]=125W$

Wall 2

[0101] Heat transfer from a heated space to the surroundings through an external non-insulated wall made of Perlite hollow concrete blocks. [0102] Heat transfer coefficient: 0.198 W/m2 K, [0103] External wall height: 3.20 m, [0104] Room volume 100 m3, [0105] Correction factor Utb=0.05 W/m2 K

[0106] Heat transfer coefficient corrected for losses caused by linear thermal bridges:

[00011]$\mathrm{Ukc}=Uk+D\mathrm{Utb}=0.198+0.05=0.248W/m2K$

[0107] To determine the heat loss coefficient of a wall, it is necessary to determine its surface area and then multiply it by the heat transfer coefficient corrected for thermal bridges.

[00012]$A=4.953.2=15.84m2$

[0108] Then, it is necessary to determine the heat loss due to transfer through the building's wall

[00013]$Ht,ie=\mathrm{Ak}U\mathrm{kc}=15.840.248=3.928W/K$

[0109] Designed thermal loss of heated space assuming an internal temperature of 20 degrees and external temperature of 20.

[00014]$t,i=Ht,\mathrm{ie}\left(i-e\right)=3\text{.928}\left[20\left(20\right)\right]=157W$

Wall 3

[0110] Heat transfer from a heated space to the surroundings through an external non-insulated wall made of 42.5 cm large thickness hollow bricks. [0111] Heat transfer coefficient: 0.17 W/m2 K, [0112] External Wall height: 3.20 m, [0113] Room volume 100 m3, [0114] Correction factor Utb=0.05 W/m2 K

[0115] Heat transfer coefficient corrected for losses caused by linear thermal bridges:

[00015]$\mathrm{Ukc}=\mathrm{Uk}+D\mathrm{Utb}=0.17+0.05=0.22W/m2K$

To determine the heat loss coefficient of a wall, it is necessary to determine its surface area and then multiply it by the heat transfer coefficient corrected for thermal bridges.

[0116] A=4.953.2=15.84 m2 Then, it is necessary to determine the heat loss through building wall penetration

[00016]$\mathrm{Ht},ie=\mathrm{Ak}\mathrm{Ukc}=15.840.22=3.484W/K$

[0117] Design heat loss of the heated space when assuming an internal temperature of 20 degrees and an external temperature of 20.

[00017]$t,i=Ht,\mathrm{ie}\left(i-e\right)=3.484\left[20\left(20\right)\right]=139.3W$

Wall 4

[0118] Heat transfer from a heated space to the surroundings through an external non-insulated wall made of light expanded clay aggregate (LECA) blocks. [0119] Heat transfer coefficient: 0.3 W/m2 K, [0120] External wall height: 3.20 m, [0121] Room volume 100 m3, [0122] Correction factor Utb=0.05 W/m2 K

[0123] Heat transfer coefficient corrected for losses caused by linear thermal bridges:

[00018]$\mathrm{Ukc}=\mathrm{Uk}+D\mathrm{Utb}=0.3+0.05=0.35W/m2K$

[0124] To determine the heat loss coefficient of a wall, it is necessary to determine its surface area and then multiply it by the heat transfer coefficient corrected for thermal bridges.

[00019]$A=4\text{.95}3.2=15.84m2$

[0125] Then, it is necessary to determine the heat loss through building wall penetration

Ht,ie=AkUkc=15.840.35=5.544 W/K

[0126] Designed thermal loss of heated space assuming an internal temperature of 20 degrees and external temperature of 20.

[00020]$t,i=Ht,\mathrm{ie}\left(i-e\right)=5.544\left[20\left(20\right)\right]=221.76W$

Wall 5

[0127] Heat transfer from a heated space to the surroundings through an external non-insulated wall made using jointless wall erection according to the invention. [0128] Heat transfer coefficient: 0.1 W/m2 K, [0129] External wall height: 3.20 m, [0130] Room volume 100 m3, [0131] Correction factor Utb=0.05 W/m2 K

[0132] Heat transfer coefficient corrected for losses caused by linear thermal bridges:

[00021]$\mathrm{Ukc}=\mathrm{Uk}+D\mathrm{Utb}=0.1+0.05=0.15W/m2K$

[0133] To determine the heat loss coefficient of a wall, it is necessary to determine its surface area and then multiply it by the heat transfer coefficient corrected for thermal bridges.

[00022]$A=4\text{.95}3.2=15.84m2$

[0134] Then, it is necessary to determine the heat loss due to transfer through the building's wall

[00023]$\mathrm{Ht},ie=\mathrm{Ak}U\mathrm{kc}=15.840.15=2.376W/K$

[0135] Heat loss of the heated space when assuming an internal temperature of 20 degrees and an external temperature of 20.

[00024]$t,i=Ht,\mathrm{ie}\left(i-e\right)=2.376\left[20\left(20\right)\right]=95.04W$

[0136] Thanks to the elimination of thermal bridges heat loss is much lower, which stems from the use of the invention, with the possibility to eliminate thermal bridges completely with the use of a lintel system. The energy gain in comparison with a solution that does not eliminate thermal bridges is 48%:

[00025]$\mathrm{Ht},ie=\mathrm{Ak}\mathrm{Ukc}=15.840.1=1584W/K$$t,i=Ht,\mathrm{ie}\left(i-e\right)=1.584\left[20\left(20\right)\right]=64W$

[0137] Eliminating thermal bridges at connection points of construction elements using the system according to the invention in construction allows for savings ranging from 126% to 65% of the energy required to heat the room presented in the calculations above.

TABLE-US-00001 Percentage Energy comparison in Transfer transferred relation to through through the solution wall the wall according to Name [w/k] [w] the invention Wall 1 - Ceramic 5.386 215 226.22% brick 10 cm Wall 2 - Perlite 3.928 157 165.19% block Wall 3 - Ceramic 3.484 139.3 146.57% brick 42.5 cm Wall 4 - Light 5.544 221.76 233.33% expanded clay aggregate (LECA) block Wall made using 2.38 95.04 100% the system according to the invention