INLINE FRAME WITH CONFIGURABLE SUSPENSION

Abstract

An inline skate frame may comprise a frame body. A plurality of rocker arms may be rotatably attached to the frame body. The rocker arms may be configured to support wheels. A plurality of biasing members may be positionable between opposing rocker arms. A plurality of stop pins may be selectively insertable through the frame body and biasing members. The frame may be configurable between multiple configurations. In a first suspension configuration, the stop pins may be inserted to independently bias each rocker arm against the frame body. In a second suspension configuration, the stop pins may be removed to bias opposing rocker arms against each other. In a no-suspension configuration, the biasing members may be replaced with non-elastomeric plugs. The rocker arms may be rotatably attached to the frame body by pivot axles. The biasing members may comprise elastomeric springs. The elastomeric springs may have a hole or hollow tube running lengthwise through their center. The frame body and rocker arms may be configured to use reversible hardware. The frame may comprise four rocker arms. The four rocker arms may comprise two pairs of identical rocker arms for supporting wheels of different diameters. Upward and downward rotation of the rocker arms may be limited by stops on the rocker arms and within the frame body. The frame may be configurable with different suspension configurations for different pairs of rocker arms within the same frame.

Claims

1. An inline skate frame comprising: a frame body; a plurality of rocker arms rotatably attached to the frame body, the rocker arms configured to support wheels; a plurality of biasing members positionable between opposing rocker arms; and a plurality of stop pins selectively insertable through the frame body and biasing members; wherein the frame is configurable between: a first suspension configuration where the stop pins are inserted to independently bias each rocker arm against the frame body; a second suspension configuration where the stop pins are removed to bias opposing rocker arms against each other; and a no-suspension configuration where the biasing members are replaced with non-elastomeric plugs.

2. The inline skate frame of claim 1, wherein the rocker arms are rotatably attached to the frame body by pivot axles.

3. The inline skate frame of claim 1, wherein the biasing members comprise elastomeric springs.

4. The inline skate frame of claim 3, wherein the elastomeric springs have a hole or hollow tube running lengthwise through their center.

5. The inline skate frame of claim 1, wherein the frame body and rocker arms are configured to use reversible hardware.

6. The inline skate frame of claim 1, comprising four rocker arms.

7. The inline skate frame of claim 3, wherein the elastomeric springs comprise a plurality of elastomeric springs having different durometer values.

8. The inline skate frame of claim 7, wherein the elastomeric springs having different durometer values are configured to provide different stiffness levels at different positions within the frame.

9. The inline skate frame of claim 1, wherein the rocker arms comprise replaceable non-abrasive plastic contact surface inserts.

10. The inline skate frame of claim 9, wherein the rocker arms comprise insets configured to receive the non-abrasive plastic contact surface inserts.

11. The inline skate frame of claim 9, wherein the non-abrasive plastic contact surface inserts are configured to prevent metal-on-metal contact between the rocker arms and the frame body.

12. The inline skate frame of claim 6, wherein the four rocker arms comprise two pairs of identical rocker arms for supporting wheels of different diameters.

13. The inline skate frame of claim 6, wherein the four rocker arms comprise two pairs of identical rocker arms for supporting wheels of different diameters.

14. The inline skate frame of claim 1, wherein upward and downward rotation of the rocker arms is limited by stops on the rocker arms and within the frame body.

15. The inline skate frame of claim 1, wherein the frame is configurable with different suspension configurations for different pairs of rocker arms within the same frame.

16. An inline skate comprising: a boot; and a frame attached to the boot, the frame comprising: a frame body; a plurality of rocker arms rotatably attached to the frame body; a plurality of wheels rotatably attached to the rocker arms; a plurality of biasing members positionable between opposing rocker arms; and a plurality of stop pins selectively insertable through the frame body and biasing members to create different suspension configurations.

17. The inline skate of claim 16, wherein the frame is configurable between: a first suspension configuration where the stop pins are inserted to independently bias each rocker arm against the frame body; a second suspension configuration where the stop pins are removed to bias opposing rocker arms against each other; and a no-suspension configuration where the biasing members are replaced with non-elastomeric plugs.

18. The inline skate of claim 16, wherein the rocker arms are rotatably attached to the frame body by pivot axles.

19. The inline skate of claim 16, wherein the biasing members comprise elastomeric springs having a hole or hollow tube running lengthwise through their center.

20. The inline skate of claim 16, wherein the frame comprises four rocker arms.

21. The inline skate of claim 20, wherein the four rocker arms comprise two pairs of identical rocker arms for supporting wheels of different diameters.

22. A method of configuring an inline frame, the method comprising: providing a frame body and a plurality of rocker arms rotatably attached to the frame body; selectively positioning biasing members between opposing rocker arms; and selectively inserting stop pins through the frame body and biasing members to create different suspension configurations.

23. The method of claim 22, further comprising configuring the frame between: a first suspension configuration where the stop pins are inserted to independently bias each rocker arm against the frame body; a second suspension configuration where the stop pins are removed to bias opposing rocker arms against each other; and a no-suspension configuration where the biasing members are replaced with non-elastomeric plugs.

24. The method of claim 22, wherein the biasing members comprise elastomeric springs having a hole or hollow tube running lengthwise through their center.

25. The method of claim 22, further comprising rotatably attaching wheels to the rocker arms.

26. The method of claim 22, further comprising configuring different pairs of rocker arms within the same frame with different suspension configurations.

27. The method of claim 22, further comprising applying the inline frame to a vehicle suspension system.

28. The method of claim 22, further comprising applying the inline frame to a vehicle suspension system having a trailer.

29. The method of claim 22, further comprising applying the inline frame to a vehicle suspension system of a powered vehicle.

30. The method of claim 22, further comprising customizing a vehicle suspension system.

31. The method of claim 30 further comprising: providing a frame with a plurality of rocker arms pivotally connected thereto; selecting elastomeric springs having appropriate durometers based on vehicle load characteristics and performance requirements; installing the selected elastomeric springs between the frame and the plurality of rocker arms; and mounting a plurality of wheels in a tandem configuration to the plurality of rocker arms.

32. The method of claim 31, further comprising: selecting elastomeric springs of different durometers for different positions on the vehicle to achieve varying suspension characteristics.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only of selected embodiments and not all possible implementations, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.

[0008] FIG. 1A is a drawing showing a top view of an inline skate frame according to some implementations.

[0009] FIG. 1B is a drawing showing a front view of an inline skate frame according to some implementations.

[0010] FIG. 1C is a drawing showing a side view of an inline skate frame according to some implementations.

[0011] FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the inline skate frame of FIG. 1A, 1B, 1C.

[0012] FIG. 3 is a lateral section view of the inline skate frame showing internal components.

[0013] FIG. 4 is an exploded view showing individual components of the inline skate frame.

[0014] FIG. 5A includes a kinematic diagram showing arm movement with the stops removed.

[0015] FIG. 5B includes a kinematic diagram showing a rear view of the frame with the stops removed.

[0016] FIG. 5C is a kinematic diagram showing wheel movement.

[0017] FIG. 6 illustrates replaceable Delrin contact inserts that prevent aluminum-on-aluminum galling in accordance with an inline skate frame according to some implementations.

[0018] FIG. 7A is a side view and front view of a vehicle incorporating principles of the disclosed frame design.

[0019] FIG. 7B is a side view of a vehicle incorporating principles of the disclosed frame design.

[0020] Corresponding reference numerals indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views of the drawings.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof. In the drawings, similar symbols typically identify similar components, unless context dictates otherwise. The illustrative embodiments described in the detailed description, drawings, and claims are not meant to be limiting. Other embodiments may be utilized, and other changes may be made, without departing from the spirit or scope of the subject matter presented here. It will be readily understood that the aspects of the present disclosure, as generally described herein, and illustrated in the Figures, can be arranged, substituted, combined, and designed in a wide variety of different configurations, all of which are explicitly contemplated and made part of this disclosure. Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts.

[0022] It should be appreciated that this description is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, various features are described herein in a certain order or arrangement, but such features may be combined, separated, or rearranged without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in detail to avoid unnecessarily complicating the description.

[0023] Throughout this specification and the claims, the terms comprise, comprising, include, including, and the like are to be understood to imply the inclusion of stated elements but not the exclusion of any other elements. The term exemplary is used in the sense of example rather than ideal or model. As used herein, the terms about or approximately apply to all numeric values, whether or not explicitly indicated. These terms generally refer to a range of numbers that one of skill in the art would consider equivalent to the recited values (i.e., having the same function or result).

[0024] Before the present articles, systems, apparatuses, and/or methods are disclosed and described, it is to be understood that they are not limited to specific methods unless otherwise specified, or to particular materials unless otherwise specified, as such can, of course, vary. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular aspects only and is not intended to be limiting. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present disclosure, example methods and materials are now described.

Definitions

[0025] It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular aspects only and is not intended to be limiting. As used in the specification and in the claims, the term comprising can include the aspects consisting of and consisting essentially of. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. In this specification and in the claims which follow, reference will be made to a number of terms which shall be defined herein.

[0026] As used herein, the terms about and at or about mean that the amount or value in question can be the value designated some other value approximately or about the same. It is generally understood, as used herein, that it is the nominal value indicated 10% variation unless otherwise indicated or inferred. The term is intended to convey that similar values promote equivalent results or effects recited in the claims. That is, it is understood that amounts, sizes, formulations, parameters, and other quantities and characteristics are not and need not be exact, but can be approximate and/or larger or smaller, as desired, reflecting tolerances, conversion factors, rounding off, measurement error and the like, and other factors known to those of skill in the art. In general, an amount, size, formulation, parameter or other quantity or characteristic is about or approximate whether or not expressly stated to be such. It is understood that where about is used before a quantitative value, the parameter also includes the specific quantitative value itself, unless specifically stated otherwise.

[0027] The terms first, second, first part, second part, and the like, where used herein, do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, and are used to distinguish one element from another, unless specifically stated otherwise. As used herein, the terms optional or optionally means that the subsequently described event or circumstance can or cannot occur, and that the description includes instances where said event or circumstance occurs and instances where it does not. For example, the phrase optionally affixed to the surface means that it can or cannot be fixed to a surface.

[0028] Moreover, it is to be understood that unless otherwise expressly stated, it is in no way intended that any method set forth herein be construed as requiring that its steps be performed in a specific order. Accordingly, where a method claim does not actually recite an order to be followed by its steps or it is not otherwise specifically stated in the claims or descriptions that the steps are to be limited to a specific order, it is no way intended that an order be inferred, in any respect. This holds for any possible non-express basis for interpretation, including: matters of logic with respect to arrangement of steps or operational flow; plain meaning derived from grammatical organization or punctuation; and the number or type of aspects described in the specification.

[0029] It is understood that the apparatuses and systems disclosed herein have certain functions. Disclosed herein are certain structural requirements for performing the disclosed functions, and it is understood that there are a variety of structures that can perform the same function that are related to the disclosed structures, and that these structures will typically achieve the same result. The following description of various embodiments is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the disclosure, its application, or uses.

[0030] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, application, or uses. It should be understood that throughout the drawings, corresponding reference numerals indicate like or corresponding parts and features.

[0031] Referring now to FIGS. 1-4, an inline skate frame 100 is shown according to some implementations. The frame 100 includes a frame body 301 and 401 and a plurality of rocker arms 305, 405, 306, and 406. In the illustrated example, the frame 100 includes four rocker arms 305, 405, 306, and 406, though other numbers of rocker arms may be used in other implementations. The rocker arms 305, 405, 306, and 406 are rotatably attached to the frame body 301 and 401 by pivot axles 404. Wheels 408, 409, 608, and 609 are rotatably attached within forks of each rocker arm 305, 405, 306, and 406. In some implementations, all four wheels may have the same diameter. In other implementations, wheels of different diameters may be used, such as larger diameter wheels at the front and rear positions and smaller diameter wheels at the middle positions. The frame 100 is configured to allow multiple suspension configurations.

[0032] In some implementations, biasing members 303, 403, and 603 may be positioned between opposing rocker arms 305, 405, 306, and 406. The biasing members 303, 403, and 603 may be elastomeric springs in some examples. The biasing members 303, 403, and 603 may have a hole or hollow tube running lengthwise through their center. Stop pins 402, 502 may be selectively inserted through aligned holes in the frame body 301 and 401 and biasing members 303, 403, and 603. When the stop pins 402, 502 are inserted, they create a first suspension configuration where each rocker arm 305, 405, 306, and 406 is independently biased against the frame body 301 and 401. When the stop pins 402, 502 are removed, a second suspension configuration is created where opposing rocker arms 305, 405, 306, and 406 are biased against each other rather than the frame body 301 and 401. The frame 100 also allows for a no-suspension configuration by replacing the biasing members 303, 403, and 603 with non-elastomeric plugs between opposing rocker arms 305, 405, 306, and 406. This prevents movement of the rocker arms 305, 405, 306, and 406 relative to the frame body 301 and 401.

[0033] Referring now to FIGS. 5-6, the kinematics of the suspension system are illustrated. FIG. 5 shows how the rocker arms 305, 405, 306, and 406 can pivot relative to the frame body 301 and 401. FIG. 6 illustrates the resulting movement of the wheels as the rocker arms 305, 405, 306, and 406 pivot. FIG. 7 shows how concepts of the configurable suspension system may be applied to other types of wheeled vehicles beyond inline skates.

[0034] The inline skate frame may comprise a frame body (FIGS. 3:301 and 401). The frame body may be made of a suitable material such as cast metal or other materials that provide sufficient strength. The frame body may include stops to limit rotation of rocker arms (FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B). A plurality of rocker arms may be rotatably attached to the frame body (FIGS. 6: 305, 405, 306, and 406). In some embodiments, the inline skate frame may include four rocker arms. The rocker arms may be identical for supporting wheels of the same diameter. Alternatively, the rocker arms may comprise two pairs of identical rocker arms for supporting wheels of different diameters. The rocker arms may be rotatably attached to the frame body by pivot axles (FIG. 6: 404). The pivot axles may have a one-piece design to allow for rotatable attachment of the rocker arms to the frame body. The rocker arms may include forks for wheel attachment (FIG. 1, FIGS. 6: 408, 409, 608, and 609). Wheels may be rotatably attached within the forks of each rocker arm.

[0035] A plurality of biasing members may be positionable between opposing rocker arms (FIG. 5, FIGS. 6: 303, 403, and 603). The biasing members may comprise elastomeric springs. The elastomeric springs may have an elliptical or circular hole running lengthwise through their center. The hole in the spring may align with holes of the same diameter on both sides of the frame body when installed. A plurality of stop pins may be selectively insertable through the frame body and biasing members (FIG. 6: 402, 502, FIG. 7, FIG. 8). The stop pins may fit through the aligned holes in the frame body and spring. In one or more embodiments, the elastomer spring can have an elliptical hole running down its center, lengthwise, that compresses to a desired diameter when the pair of arms, with spring, are installed within the frame body with a desired preload (FIG. 5, FIG. 6: 03). In FIG. 3, the springs 303 are compressed to a desired preload when installed.

[0036] The inline skate frame may be configurable between different suspension configurations. In a first suspension configuration, the stop pins may be inserted to independently bias each rocker arm against the frame body. In a second suspension configuration, the stop pins may be removed to bias opposing rocker arms against each other. In a no-suspension configuration, the biasing members may be replaced with non-elastomeric plugs. The frame body and rocker arms may be configured to use reversible hardware (FIG. 6: 402, 502, 404, 07). This may eliminate the need for left and right sided parts, allowing for simplified assembly.

[0037] Referring now to FIG. 5, Diagram 7 shows the movement of the rocker arms 305, 405, 306, and 406 with the stop pins 402, 502 in place, illustrating the independent suspension configuration. In this configuration, each rocker arm 305, 405, 306, and 406 may be biased against the frame body 301 and 401 by the biasing members 303, 403, and 603. The stop pins 402, 502 may limit the movement of the biasing members 303, 403, and 603 relative to the frame body 301 and 401, causing each rocker arm 305, 405, 306, and 406 to pivot independently around its respective pivot axle 404. This independent suspension may allow each wheel to respond individually to terrain variations.

[0038] Diagram 8 of FIG. 5 illustrates the stop pins 402, 502 removed along with their retainers. This configuration may enable interdependent suspension where the rocker arms 305, 405, 306, and 406 may be biased against each other rather than against the frame body 301 and 401. With the stop pins 402, 502 removed, the biasing members 303, 403, and 603 may be free to move relative to the frame body 301 and 401.

[0039] Turning to FIG. 6, Diagram 9 demonstrates the movement of the rocker arms 305, 405, 306, and 406 and the frame body 301 and 401 with the stop pins 402, 502 removed. In this interdependent suspension configuration, the rocker arms 305, 405, 306, and 406 may be biased against each other by the biasing members 303, 403, and 603. This arrangement may allow the rocker arms 305, 405, 306, and 406 and frame body 301 and 401 to move separately from each other within the limits set by the stops on the rocker arms and frame body. The interdependent suspension may provide a different ride characteristic compared to the independent suspension, potentially offering improved shock absorption or terrain adaptation in certain skating conditions.

[0040] The ability to switch between these suspension configurations by inserting or removing the stop pins 402, 502 may provide users with versatility in adapting their inline skates to different terrains or skating styles. The independent suspension configuration may offer more precise control and stability, while the interdependent suspension may provide enhanced shock absorption and a smoother ride over rough surfaces. This adjustability may allow skaters to optimize their setup based on personal preferences or specific skating requirements.

[0041] Upward and downward rotation of the rocker arms may be limited by stops on the rocker arms and within the frame body. This may allow the pair of rotatably attached wheels to be proximal when the pair of arms with spring are installed within the frame body (FIG. 7). The inline skate frame may be configurable with different suspension configurations for different pairs of rocker arms within the same frame. This may provide flexibility in customizing the suspension setup. The inline skate frame may be utilized in various methods of use, providing technical advantages and alternative applications. The configurable suspension system may allow for customization of the skating experience based on different terrains, skating styles, or user preferences.

[0042] The elastomeric springs may be provided in multiple durometers to allow users to tune the suspension according to their weight, foot size, and performance preference. Different durometer ratings may correspond to different levels of stiffness, with lower durometer ratings providing softer suspension and higher durometer ratings providing stiffer suspension. This variability in stiffness may enable users to customize their skating experience based on individual factors and preferences.

[0043] Users may select elastomeric springs with appropriate durometer ratings based on their body weight. For example, a skater weighing 60 pounds may require softer springs with lower durometer ratings, while a skater weighing 200 pounds may require stiffer springs with higher durometer ratings. This customization may be particularly valuable as a single boot size, such as size 6.5, may accommodate skaters across a wide weight range from 60 to 200 pounds.

[0044] The ability to customize suspension stiffness may extend beyond weight considerations to include personal preferences and skating styles. Some users may prefer a stiffer suspension for better power transfer and stability during long strides, while others may prefer a softer suspension for enhanced shock absorption and comfort. The multiple durometer options may allow users to fine-tune the suspension characteristics to match their specific skating preferences.

[0045] Users may also configure different durometer ratings for different positions within the frame. For example, a user may install stiffer elastomeric springs with higher durometer ratings in the front position and softer elastomeric springs with lower durometer ratings in the rear position. This differential suspension setup may provide optimal balance between stability and maneuverability, potentially enhancing overall skating performance.

[0046] The no-suspension configuration using non-elastomeric plugs may appeal to various user groups with specific needs and preferences. New users who may be hesitant to adopt suspension technology may prefer to start with the solid setup for simplicity and familiarity. The solid setup may provide a more traditional rigid feel that may be easier for beginners to manage while learning basic skating techniques.

[0047] Some users may prefer the aesthetic appearance of a rigid frame over the functional benefits of suspension. The no-suspension configuration may provide these users with the clean, traditional rigid feel they desire without compromising the option to switch to a suspension setup in the future. This flexibility may allow users to prioritize visual preferences while maintaining access to performance options. Skaters may prefer the modern esthetics the inline frame while maintaining the rigid frame feeling they're accustomed to.

[0048] Hockey players, in particular, may prefer the solid setup for its modern aesthetic alignment while appreciating the option to utilize suspension performance when desired. Most hockey players may prefer the modern look and both suspension systems over conventional flat sided rigid frames. The frame body may provide a distinctive appearance compared to conventional rigid frames due to its unique structural configuration. The frame body may incorporate curved surfaces and geometric patterns that may result from the integration of the suspension components. The frame body may feature visible openings and channels that may accommodate the biasing members and stop pins. These structural elements may create an aesthetic that may differ substantially from flat-sided extruded or cast frames. The frame body may appeal to users who may prefer modern design elements while maintaining the option to utilize different suspension configurations. The no-suspension configuration using non-elastomeric plugs may preserve the distinctive visual characteristics of the frame body. The frame body may incorporate surface treatments or finishes that may enhance its appearance. The frame body may feature integrated mounting points and structural reinforcements that may contribute to both function and form. The overall proportions and profile of the frame body may create visual interest through the interplay of mechanical components and negative space.

[0049] The frame may include replaceable non-abrasive plastic contact surface inserts that may snap into insets in the rocker arms. These non-abrasive contact surfaces may prevent aluminum-on-aluminum contact, which might otherwise lead to galling between metal components. By preventing metal-to-metal contact, these inserts may greatly increase the durability and performance of the frames over extended use.

[0050] The non-abrasive contact surfaces may also significantly reduce the need for lubrication between moving parts. Traditional metal-on-metal contact points may require regular lubrication to prevent wear and maintain smooth operation. This lubrication may be messy and inefficient, requiring frequent maintenance. The plastic contact surfaces may provide inherent lubricity, potentially eliminating or greatly reducing the need for applied lubricants, resulting in cleaner operation and reduced maintenance requirements.

[0051] The independent suspension configuration, where stop pins are inserted to independently bias each rocker arm against the frame body, may provide a stiffer ride that may be better suited for long strides. This configuration may offer enhanced stability and power transfer during straight-line skating, potentially benefiting speed skaters and those who prioritize efficient forward motion. The independent movement of each wheel may allow for precise terrain adaptation while maintaining overall frame rigidity.

[0052] The interdependent suspension configuration, where stop pins are removed to bias opposing rocker arms against each other, may provide greater agility and a better turning radius. This configuration may create a more responsive feel during turns and maneuvers, potentially benefiting urban skaters, slalom skaters, and those who prioritize maneuverability over straight-line efficiency. The interconnected movement of opposing wheels may enhance the frame's ability to flex and adapt during complex skating movements.

[0053] The suspension concepts described herein may extend beyond inline skates to other applications such as trailers or powered vehicles using tandem wheel setups. The principles of configurable suspension using elastomeric springs of varying durometers may be applied to small-scale transportation devices where customizable suspension characteristics may be beneficial. These applications may utilize similar mechanisms for switching between independent and interdependent suspension configurations to optimize performance for different usage scenarios.

[0054] The frame body and rocker arms may be designed with consideration for manufacturing efficiency and user convenience. The use of reversible hardware may eliminate the need for left and right-sided parts, potentially simplifying both manufacturing processes and user assembly or maintenance procedures. This design approach may reduce manufacturing costs and inventory requirements while enhancing user experience through simplified part management.

[0055] FIG. 8 depicts replaceable contact inserts composed of Delrin or a comparable low-friction polymer material. These inserts are positioned at key interface points between aluminum components to prevent direct aluminum-on-aluminum contact, thereby mitigating the risk of galling, which can cause wear, surface damage, and mechanical failure. The use of Delrin inserts significantly reduces friction and wear, eliminating the need for ongoing lubrication in most applications. This design improves system longevity, reduces maintenance requirements, and enhances overall performance, particularly in high-repetition or high-load environments.

[0056] For recreational skating, users may configure the frame with the first suspension configuration, where stop pins are inserted to independently bias each rocker arm against the frame body. This setup may provide a balanced ride with shock absorption for general use on varied surfaces. The independent suspension of each wheel may help maintain better ground contact over uneven terrain.

[0057] For aggressive or trick skating, the second suspension configuration where stop pins are removed to bias opposing rocker arms against each other may be advantageous. This setup may allow for greater flexibility and shock absorption during landings from jumps or grinds. The interconnected movement of opposing wheels may help distribute impact forces more evenly. The ability to mix suspension configurations within the same frame may provide unique technical advantages. For example, users may configure the front wheels with suspension and the rear wheels without suspension. This hybrid setup may offer improved maneuverability in the front while maintaining stability and power transfer in the rear.

[0058] The modular nature of the suspension system may allow for quick adjustments between skating sessions or even during breaks within a session. Skaters may easily switch between configurations to adapt to changing terrain or skating objectives without requiring separate frames or skates. Beyond inline skating, the principles of this configurable suspension system may be applied to other wheeled applications. For example, similar concepts could be adapted for use in: [0059] 1. Roller skis for off-season training by cross-country skiers [0060] 2. Wheeled luggage or carts for improved handling over varied surfaces [0061] 3. Small personal transportation devices like scooters or skateboards [0062] 4. Specialized wheelchairs designed for outdoor use or sports

[0063] The use of elastomeric springs as biasing members may provide advantages in terms of weight savings, simplicity, and durability compared to traditional metal spring suspensions. The ability to easily replace or swap out these components may allow for fine-tuning of suspension characteristics to match individual preferences or specific usage scenarios.

[0064] The frame design incorporating reversible hardware may simplify manufacturing and assembly processes, potentially reducing production costs and improving ease of maintenance for end-users. This feature may also facilitate easier repairs or replacements of individual components if needed. The inline skate frame may be designed such that there is no loss of energy in either suspension system. The force needed to compress the springs may be released when the spring uncompresses, potentially adding push off for take off, stride, and jumps. This energy conservation principle may have been demonstrated in earlier products utilizing similar suspension designs.

[0065] Both suspension systemsthe independent and interdependent configurationsmay function effectively across all skating categories and styles. The optimal system for a given situation may be determined by the individual skater based on their preferences and needs.

[0066] While the suspension systems described are primarily intended for inline skates, the principles may be adapted for other applications. For example, an eight-wheel skate utilizing four tandem wheel sets may provide enhanced stability and maneuverability. The dual suspension systems may also be well-suited for automotive applications such as trailers and powered vehicles employing tandem wheel configurations. In such implementations, the wheels may be driven or passive, with or without steering capabilities.

[0067] The inline frame suspension system described herein may be advantageously applied to various vehicle applications beyond inline skates. The versatile suspension concepts may be particularly beneficial in automotive applications, including both trailers and powered vehicles that utilize tandem wheel configurations.

[0068] In vehicle suspension applications, the inline frame may be adapted to provide customizable suspension characteristics for trailers. The frame body may be scaled appropriately to accommodate larger wheels and higher load capacities typical of trailer applications. The pivoting rocker arm design may allow for independent or interdependent wheel movement, which may enhance trailer stability and ride quality over varied road surfaces. This configuration may be particularly advantageous for trailers carrying sensitive cargo or equipment that requires protection from road vibration and impact forces.

[0069] For powered vehicles, the inline frame suspension system may be integrated into tandem wheel setups to provide improved traction and ride comfort. The system may be configured to allow each wheel in the tandem arrangement to respond individually to terrain variations, potentially reducing wheel slip on uneven or low-traction surfaces. This adaptation may benefit specialized vehicles operating in challenging environments where conventional suspension systems may provide suboptimal performance.

[0070] The customization capabilities of the inline frame suspension system may be particularly valuable in vehicle applications. Vehicle owners or manufacturers may select elastomeric springs with appropriate durometers based on specific vehicle load characteristics and performance requirements. For example, heavier vehicles may utilize stiffer elastomeric springs with higher durometer ratings, while lighter vehicles may benefit from softer elastomeric springs with lower durometer ratings. This customization may allow for precise tuning of the suspension system to match the specific needs of different vehicle types and applications.

[0071] The method of customizing a vehicle suspension system may involve providing a frame with a plurality of rocker arms pivotally connected thereto. The method may further include selecting elastomeric springs having appropriate durometers based on vehicle load characteristics and performance requirements. The selected elastomeric springs may then be installed between the frame and the plurality of rocker arms. Additionally, a plurality of wheels may be mounted in a tandem configuration to the plurality of rocker arms to complete the suspension system.

[0072] For vehicles with varying load distribution or performance requirements across different positions, elastomeric springs of different durometers may be selected for different positions on the vehicle. This differential suspension setup may achieve varying suspension characteristics that optimize overall vehicle performance. For example, stiffer springs may be installed at positions carrying greater load, while softer springs may be used at positions where enhanced shock absorption may be beneficial.

[0073] The inline frame suspension system may be applied to both trailing axles and drive axles in powered vehicles. When applied to drive axles, the system may be designed to maintain consistent wheel contact with the ground, potentially improving power delivery and traction in challenging conditions. The pivoting rocker arm design may allow drive wheels to maintain better ground contact over uneven terrain compared to conventional rigid axle designs.

[0074] The modular nature of the inline frame suspension system may facilitate easy maintenance and adjustment of vehicle suspension characteristics. Vehicle operators may modify the suspension setup by replacing elastomeric springs with different durometer ratings to adapt to changing load conditions or performance requirements. This adaptability may be particularly valuable for commercial vehicles that may carry varying loads or operate in diverse environments.

[0075] The inline frame suspension system may also offer advantages in terms of weight reduction compared to conventional vehicle suspension systems. The use of elastomeric springs rather than metal springs and shock absorbers may reduce unsprung weight, potentially improving vehicle handling and ride quality. The simplified design with fewer components may also contribute to overall weight savings, which may translate to improved fuel efficiency in powered vehicle applications.

[0076] For specialized vehicle applications, the inline frame suspension system may be configured with the stop pins inserted to create the independent suspension configuration, where each rocker arm may be independently biased against the frame body. This configuration may provide enhanced stability and load-carrying capacity for heavy-duty applications. Alternatively, the system may be configured with the stop pins removed to create the interdependent suspension configuration, where opposing rocker arms may be biased against each other. This configuration may offer improved terrain adaptation for off-road or uneven surface applications.

[0077] The inline frame suspension system may be particularly well-suited for small utility vehicles, such as electric carts or specialized material handling equipment, where the benefits of customizable suspension characteristics may significantly enhance vehicle performance and operator comfort. The system may also find applications in recreational vehicles, such as ATVs or snowmobiles, where suspension performance may directly impact user experience and vehicle capability.

[0078] The non-abrasive contact surfaces utilized in the inline skate frame may also provide significant benefits in vehicle applications. These surfaces may prevent metal-on-metal contact between moving components, potentially reducing wear and extending the service life of the suspension system. The reduced need for lubrication may simplify maintenance requirements and improve reliability in challenging operating environments where regular maintenance may be difficult to perform.

[0079] The ability to configure different pairs of rocker arms within the same frame with different suspension characteristics may allow for sophisticated vehicle suspension tuning. For example, the front tandem wheels of a vehicle may be configured with different suspension characteristics than the rear tandem wheels to optimize overall vehicle handling and stability. This flexibility may enable vehicle designers to achieve specific performance objectives without requiring complex or costly suspension components.

[0080] In summary, the inline frame suspension system may be advantageously applied to various vehicle applications, including trailers and powered vehicles utilizing tandem wheel configurations. The system's customizable nature, achieved through the selection of elastomeric springs with appropriate durometer ratings and the choice between independent and interdependent suspension configurations, may provide significant benefits in terms of ride quality, traction, and overall vehicle performance. The simplified design and reduced maintenance requirements may also offer practical advantages for vehicle operators and manufacturers seeking efficient and effective suspension solutions.

[0081] As an illustration, an eight-wheel vehicle may be designed using a four tandem wheel configuration incorporating the dual suspension system. Additionally, the suspension system may be oriented sideways, with the pivot axle parallel to the vehicle's longitudinal axis. In this arrangement, a wheel may be positioned at the end of each suspension arm, parallel to the pivot axle. Each wheel in this configuration may be driven or passive, with or without steering functionality.

[0082] This sideways orientation may result in a compound suspension system, combining the swing arm suspension with the individual wheel suspension attached to each swing arm. For instance, a four-wheel vehicle may employ dual suspension systems at both the front and rear, providing a highly adaptable and responsive suspension setup.

[0083] The versatility of the dual suspension system may allow for customization across a wide range of wheeled applications, potentially enhancing performance, comfort, and handling characteristics in various scenarios.

[0084] The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure. Individual elements or features of a particular embodiment are generally not limited to that particular embodiment, but, where applicable, are interchangeable and can be used in a selected embodiment, even if not specifically shown or described. The same may also be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the disclosure, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the disclosure. The foregoing description is merely illustrative of the principles of this disclosure and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It is to be understood that the present disclosure, while described in terms of representative embodiments, is not limited to these examples. Modifications and variations of the methods and apparatuses described herein may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

[0085] Various features, aspects, and embodiments have been described herein. The features, aspects, and embodiments are susceptible to combination with one another as well as to variation and modification, as will be understood by those having skill in the art. The present disclosure should, therefore, be considered to encompass such combinations, variations, and modifications. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims. Furthermore, it is noted that the disclosure includes all possible combinations of any individual features recited in any of the appended claims.

[0086] To the extent that the term includes or including is used in the specification or the claims, it is intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term comprising as that term is interpreted when employed as a transitional word in a claim. Furthermore, to the extent that the term or is employed (e.g., A or B) it is intended to mean A or B or both. When the applicants intend to indicate only A or B but not both then the term only A or B but not both will be employed. Thus, use of the term or herein is the inclusive, and not the exclusive use. See, Bryan A. Garner, A Dictionary of Modern Legal Usage 624 (2d. Ed. 1995). Also, to the extent that the terms in or into are used in the specification or the claims, it is intended to additionally mean on or onto. Furthermore, to the extent the term connect is used in the specification or claims, it is intended to mean not only directly connected to, but also indirectly connected to such as connected through another component or components.

[0087] Various modifications to the described embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0088] It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are exemplary and that a person skilled in the art may make many variations and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. All such variations and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the disclosure as defined in the appended claims. While illustrative embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, variations and alternative embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art. Such variations and alternative embodiments may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.

[0089] As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms a and an indicate a single element, while the may refer back to single or plural referents. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the disclosure pertains. The above detailed description of exemplary and preferred embodiments is presented for the purposes of illustration and disclosure in accordance with the requirements of the law. It is intended to be exemplary but not exhaustive, and is not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms described, but only to enable others skilled in the art to understand how the invention may be suited for a particular use of implementation. No limitation is intended by the description of exemplary embodiments which may have included tolerances, feature dimensions, specific operating conditions, engineering specifications, or the like, and which may vary between implementations or with changes to the state of the art, and no such limitation should be implied therefrom.

[0090] Applicant has made this disclosure with respect to the current state of the art, but also contemplates advancements and that adaptations in the future may take into consideration those advancements in accordance with the then current state of the art. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the Claims as written and equivalents as applicable. Reference to a claim element in the singular is not intended to mean one and only one unless explicitly so stated. No claim element herein is intended to be construed under the provisions of 35 U.S.C. 112(f), unless the element is expressly recited using the exact phrase means for . . . and no method or process step herein is to be construed under the provisions of 35 U.S.C. section 112(f) unless the step, or steps, are expressly recited using the exact phrase step(s) for . . . .

[0091] While aspects of the present disclosure can be described and claimed in a particular statutory class, such as the system statutory class, this is for convenience only and one of skill in the art will understand that each aspect of the present disclosure can be described and claimed in any statutory class. Unless otherwise expressly stated, it is in no way intended that any method or aspect set forth herein be construed as requiring that its steps be performed in a specific order. Accordingly, where a method claim does not specifically state in the claims or descriptions that the steps are to be limited to a specific order, it is no way appreciably intended that an order be inferred, in any respect. This holds for any possible non-express basis for interpretation, including matters of logic with respect to arrangement of steps or operational flow, plain meaning derived from grammatical organization or punctuation, or the number or type of aspects described in the specification.

[0092] Throughout this application, various publications can be referenced. The disclosures of these publications in their entireties are hereby incorporated by reference into this application in order to more fully describe the state of the art to which this pertains. The references disclosed are also individually and specifically incorporated by reference herein for the material contained in them that is discussed in the sentence in which the reference is relied upon. Nothing herein is to be construed as an admission that the present disclosure is not entitled to antedate such publication by virtue of prior present disclosure. Further, the dates of publication provided herein can be different from the actual publication dates, which can require independent confirmation.

[0093] The patentable scope of the present disclosure is defined by the claims, and can include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal languages of the claims.

[0094] Insofar as the description above and the accompanying drawing disclose any additional subject matter that is not within the scope of the claims below, the disclosures are not dedicated to the public and the right to file one or more applications to claims such additional disclosures is reserved.

[0095] The foregoing descriptions of specific embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present invention to the precise forms disclosed, and modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiment was chosen and described to best explain the principles of the present invention and its practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the present invention and its embodiments with modifications as suited to the use contemplated.

[0096] It is therefore submitted that the present invention has been shown and described in the most practical and exemplary embodiments. It should be recognized that departures may be made which fall within the scope of the invention. With respect to the description provided herein, it is submitted that the optimal features of the invention include variations in size, materials, shape, form, function and manner of operation, assembly, and use. All structures, functions, and relationships equivalent or essentially equivalent to those disclosed are intended to be encompassed by the present invention.

[0097] It should be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative of only a few of the possible specific embodiments which can represent applications of the principles of the present disclosure. Numerous and varied other arrangements can be readily devised by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0098] While specific embodiments have been described above, it will be appreciated that the present disclosure may be practiced otherwise than as described. The descriptions above are intended to be illustrative, not limiting. Thus, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the disclosure as described without departing from the scope of the claims set out below.