Rubber composition and tire

Abstract

A rubber composition that includes a rubber component, an inorganic fiber material, and a coupling agent. The inorganic fiber material is one or more inorganic fiber materials selected from the group consisting of a magnesium sulfate fiber, a calcium silicate fiber, a potassium titanate fiber, an aluminum borate fiber, and a glass fiber.

Claims

1. A tire comprising a tire internal member formed of a rubber composition comprising a rubber component, an inorganic fiber material, a carbon black, and a coupling agent, wherein the inorganic fiber material is one or more inorganic fiber materials selected from the group consisting of a magnesium sulfate fiber, a calcium silicate fiber, and an aluminum borate fiber, and wherein a grain direction of the inorganic fiber is arranged along a tire circumferential direction; wherein the rubber composition comprises 1 to 40 parts by mass of the coupling agent based on 100 parts by mass of the rubber component, and wherein a ratio of 100% modulus in a grain direction M100a to 100% modulus in a cross-grain direction M100b (M100a/M100b) is 1.10 or more.

2. The tire of claim 1, wherein the rubber composition further comprises a plasticizer.

3. The tire of claim 1, wherein the rubber component comprises an isoprene-based rubber.

4. The tire of claim 1, wherein the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent.

5. The tire of claim 1, wherein the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent having a sulfide group.

6. The tire of claim 1, wherein the rubber composition further comprises carbon black having a cetyltrimethylammonium bromide adsorption specific surface area (CTAB) of 180 m.sup.2/g or less.

7. The tire of claim 1, wherein the rubber composition comprises 1 to 50 parts by mass of the inorganic fiber material based on 100 parts by mass of the rubber component, wherein an average diameter D of the inorganic fiber material is 1.0 to 2000 nm, an average length L thereof is 0.10 to 100 m, and an aspect ratio L/D thereof is 2 to 1000.

8. The tire of claim 1, wherein the tire is a tire for a passenger car.

Description

EXAMPLE

(1) Although the present disclosure will be described based on Examples, it is not limited to Examples.

(2) Various chemicals used in Examples and Comparative examples are collectively shown below. NR: TSR20 BR: Ubepol BR150B manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd. (cis content: 97%) SBR1: Tufdene 3830 manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation (unmodified SSBR, styrene content: 32% by mass, oil-extended product comprising 37.5 parts by mass of oil based on 100 parts by mass of the rubber component) SBR2: Asaprene 1205 manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation (unmodified SSBR, styrene content: 25% by mass) Carbon black: Show Black N220 manufactured by Cabot Japan K. K. (CTAB: 100 m.sup.2/g, N2SA: 111 m.sup.2/g) Silica: Ultrasil (Registered Trademark) VN3 manufactured by Evonik Degussa GmbH (N2SA: 175 m.sup.2/g) Inorganic fiber material 1: MOS-HIGE manufactured by Ube Material Industries, Ltd. (basic magnesium sulfate fiber, average fiber diameter: 500-1000 nm, average fiber length: 8-30 m) Inorganic fiber material 2: Sepiolite (average fiber diameter: 5-30 nm, average fiber length: 0.2-2.0 m) Inorganic fiber material 3: Xonohige manufactured by Ube Material Industries, Ltd. (calcium silicate fiber, average fiber diameter: 100-500 nm, average fiber length: 1-5 m) Silane coupling agent: Si69 manufactured by Evonik Degussa GmbH (bis(3-triethoxysilylpropyl)tetrasulfide) Oil: Process oil X-140 manufactured by ENEOS Corporation Antioxidant: OZONONE 6C manufactured by Seiko Chemical Co., Ltd. (N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine) Stearic acid: Stearic acid CAMELLIA manufactured by NOF CORPORATION Zinc oxide: Zinc oxide No. 1 manufactured by Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd. Wax: OZOACE 0355 manufactured by Nippon Seiro Co., Ltd. Sulfur: Powdered sulfur manufactured by Tsurumi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Vulcanization accelerator 1: SOXINOL CZ manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. (N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazolyl sulfeneamide) Vulcanization accelerator 2: SOXINOL D manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. (1,3-diphenylguanidine)
(Examples and Comparative Examples)

(3) In accordance with the compounding formulation shown in Tables 1 and 2, using a Banbury mixer manufactured by Kobe Steel, Ltd., materials other than sulfur and vulcanization accelerators were kneaded to obtain a kneaded product. Next, sulfur and vulcanization accelerators were added to the obtained kneaded product, and the mixture was kneaded using an open roll to obtain an unvulcanized rubber composition. From the obtained unvulcanized rubber composition, a sheet having a thickness of 0.5 mm was prepared with the open roll. The obtained unvulcanized rubber sheets were stacked to form a 1.5 mm sheet, which was press-vulcanized at 150 C. for 15 minutes to prepare a test vulcanized rubber sheet. Moreover, the above-described unvulcanized rubber composition was extruded into a shape of a sidewall inner layer with an extruder equipped with a mouthpiece having a predetermined shape to obtain a sidewall inner layer in which inorganic fiber materials were oriented in a grain direction. Then, the above-described sidewall inner layer was attached together with other tire members on the tire molding machine so that the inorganic fiber materials were oriented in the tire circumferential direction to form an unvulcanized tire, and this unvulcanized tire was press-vulcanized under a condition at 170 C. for 12 minutes to produce a tire (size: 205/65R15).

(4) <Anisotropy Test>

(5) The above-described vulcanized rubber sheet was punched in a grain direction (a roll rotation direction when producing an unvulcanized rubber sheet before vulcanization) with a JIS No. 3 dumbbell, and a tensile stress at 100% elongation (M100a) in the grain direction was measured under a condition of a tensile speed at 500 mm/min according to JIS K 6251: 2017. Similarly, the vulcanized rubber sheet was punched in a cross-grain direction (a direction perpendicular from the roll rotation direction when producing an unvulcanized rubber sheet before vulcanization) with the JIS No. 3 dumbbell, and a tensile stress at 100% elongation (M100b) in the cross-grain direction was measured under the condition of a tensile speed at 500 mm/min according to JIS K 6251: 2017. Then, modulus ratios (M100a/M100b) were calculated, which are described in Tables 1 and 2.

(6) <Tensile Test>

(7) Using a No. 3 dumbbell type test piece composed of a vulcanized rubber composition, elongation at break EB (%) and tensile strength TB (MPa) at break of the vulcanized rubber sheet were measured according to JIS K 6251: 2017. From the obtained value, breaking strength was calculated by the following equation and indicated as an index when the reference Comparative example (Comparative example 1 in Table 1, Comparative example 3 in Table 2, and the same applies hereinafter) was defined as 100 (breaking strength index). The results show that the larger the index is, the more excellent the breaking strength is.
Breaking strength=EBTB/2
<Evaluation on Steering Stability and Ride Comfort>

(8) A prototype tire was incorporated into a standard rim (size=166.5J) and filled with air to set an internal pressure to 210 kPa. This tire was mounted to a car with a displacement of 2000 cc. This car was run on a test course having an asphalt road surface, and sensory evaluations on ride comfort and stability of control during steering (steering stability) were performed by a test driver. The evaluations were performed on a scale of 10 points, where relative evaluations were performed with the reference Comparative example being as 6.0 points. The results show that the higher the score is, the better the steering stability and ride comfort are.

(9) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Example Comparative example 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 Compounding amount (part by mass) NR 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 BR 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 SBR1 SBR2 Carbon black 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 Silica Inorganic fiber material 1 10 3.0 5.0 20 10 Inorganic fiber material 2 20 Inorganic fiber material 3 20 Silane coupling agent 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 Oil 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Antioxidant 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 Stearic acid 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 Zinc oxide 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 Wax 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Sulfur 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 Vulcanization accelerator 1 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 Vulcanization accelerator 2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 Evaluation M100a/M100b 1.30 1.10 1.20 1.40 1.15 1.20 1.00 0.95 Breaking strength 110 100 105 115 110 110 100 90 Steering stability 7.5 6.5 7.0 8.0 6.5 7.0 6.0 6.5 Ride comfort 6.0 6.0 6.0 5.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 5.5

(10) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Example Comparative example 7 8 9 10 11 3 4 5 Compounding amount (part by mass) NR 50 10 50 10 50 10 BR 50 30 20 50 20 50 30 20 SBR1 96.25 96.25 SBR2 70 70 70 Carbon black 50 50 50 50 30 50 50 50 Silica 50 70 70 50 70 50 70 70 Inorganic fiber material 1 10 10 10 5.0 10 Inorganic fiber material 2 Inorganic fiber material 3 Silane coupling agent 5.0 7.0 7.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 7.0 7.0 Oil 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 Antioxidant 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 Stearic acid 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 Zinc oxide 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 Wax 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Sulfur 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 Vulcanization accelerator 1 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 Vulcanization accelerator 2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 Evaluation M100a/M100b 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.20 1.20 1.00 1.00 1.00 Breaking strength 105 114 109 100 105 100 109 105 Steering stability 7.0 8.0 9.0 6.5 9.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 Ride comfort 6.0 5.0 4.0 6.0 5.0 6.0 5.0 4.0

(11) From the results in Tables 1 and 2, it can be found that the rubber composition of the present disclosure comprising an inorganic fiber material and a coupling agent can highly achieve both breaking strength and anisotropy. Moreover, it can be found that the tire of the present disclosure comprising the tire internal member formed of the rubber composition has improved ride comfort and steering stability with a good balance.