Joint Rotational Exercise and Stretching Tool

Abstract

A joint rotational exercise and stretching tool for strengthening muscles and connective tissues, particularly for shoulder internal and external rotation, with further applicability to the wrist, elbow, and hip. The device includes a mount, torque-generating mechanism, and ergonomic lever arm configured to align with anatomical joint axes. It enables concentric, eccentric, isometric, and passive modes of use. Unlike traditional tools that provide linear resistance or partial-range torque, this invention delivers continuous rotational resistance across the full arc of motion. Configurable mounting and ergonomic adjustments allow use across various joints, limb lengths, and exercise positions. Suitable for rehabilitation, injury prevention, and performance training in clinical, home, or athletic environments.

Claims

1. A tool for strengthening muscles and connective tissues around a joint of the human body, comprising: (a) a mount configured to secure the tool to a stable structure and to absorb reaction torque during use; (b) a torque unit operably coupled to the mount, the torque unit configured to generate resistive torque about a defined rotational axis; and (c) an ergonomic lever arm operably connected to the torque unit, the lever arm including at least one physical alignment feature configured such that a portion of the user's limb is positioned to substantially align the tool's rotational axis with one of: (i) a rotation axis of the wrist joint that is generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the forearm; (ii) a pronation-supination axis defined by the radioulnar joint; (iii) a rotation axis of the glenohumeral joint that is substantially aligned with the longitudinal axis of the humerus, wherein the lever arm is positioned adjacent to the elbow; (iv) a rotation axis of the glenohumeral joint that is generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the humerus; (v) a rotation axis of the hip joint that is generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the femur.

2. The tool of claim 1, wherein the torque unit provides sufficient resistive torque during motion or sufficient static resistance to permit the user to perform an isometric contraction.

3. The tool of claim 1, wherein the mount comprises a screw clamp configured to secure the tool to a post, doorframe or other stable surface.

4. The tool of claim 1, wherein the mount comprises one or more posts configured to be received by the openings of a squat rack for secure attachment.

5. The tool of claim 1, wherein the mount is configured to support the torque unit such that the axis of rotation is horizontal.

6. The tool of claim 1, wherein the mount is configured to support the torque unit such that the axis of rotation is vertical.

7. The tool of claim 1, wherein the mount is configured to support the torque unit with the axis of rotation in an oblique orientation, including but not limited to approximately 30 or 45 degrees from horizontal.

8. The tool of claim 1, wherein the torque unit comprises a torsional spring having one end rotationally fixed with respect to the mount and an opposite end rotationally fixed to the lever arm.

9. The tool of claim 1, wherein the torque unit comprises a flexible member selected from the group consisting of a flexible rod, a leaf spring, and a tension spring, with one end rotationally fixed with respect to the mount and an opposite end rotationally fixed to the lever arm.

10. The tool of claim 1, wherein the torque unit comprises: (a) a drum affixed to a portion of the tool that is rotationally linked to the ergonomic lever arm; (b) a flexible linkage selected from the group consisting of a cable, rope, strap, or chain, the flexible linkage configured to wrap around the drum during rotation of the ergonomic lever arm; (c) a resistance element selected from the group consisting of a tension spring, a weight, or an elastomer, the resistance element operably coupled to the flexible linkage to provide resistive torque; (d) wherein the flexible linkage and the resistance element may be integrated as a single component, such as an elastomeric band; and (e) wherein the torque unit may be integrated into the mount; or (f) wherein torque may be transmitted to the ergonomic lever arm via mechanical transmission means including gears, pulleys, or universal joints.

11. The tool of claim 1, wherein the ergonomic lever arm includes one or more alignment features for the upper arm and one or more alignment features for the forearm.

12. The tool of claim 11, wherein the upper arm alignment features comprise an elbow cup and a U-brace configured to secure the forearm.

13. The tool of claim 11, wherein the upper arm alignment feature comprises a post configured to support the user's forearm near the elbow while aligning the elbow generally with the axis of rotation.

14. The tool of claim 11, wherein the forearm alignment feature comprises a distal grip geometry selected from the group consisting of an egg-shaped grip, a T-grip, or a protruding handle.

15. The tool of claim 11, wherein the forearm alignment feature comprises a distal opening configured to receive the user's hand, allowing internal or external rotation of the forearm without manual gripping.

16. The tool of claim 1, wherein the ergonomic lever arm includes one or more adjustable-length segments configured to accommodate different user limb lengths or exercise configurations.

17. The tool of claim 1, wherein the ergonomic lever arm includes at least one alignment feature configured to position the forearm in alignment with the axis of rotation.

18. The tool of claim 17, wherein the alignment feature comprises a handle oriented approximately perpendicular to the axis of rotation and configured for manual gripping to facilitate forearm pronation or supination under resistance, wherein the forearm is generally aligned with the axis of rotation.

19. The tool of claim 1, wherein the ergonomic lever arm includes at least one alignment feature configured to position the wrist joint in alignment with the axis of rotation.

20. The tool of claim 19, wherein the alignment feature comprises a handle oriented approximately parallel to the axis of rotation and spaced apart from the axis by approximately the length of a human palm, and further comprises a rest configured to contact the front or back of the wrist or hand to facilitate wrist flexion or extension under resistance while the wrist is in a pronated, supinated, neutral, or intermediary position.

21. A joint exercise apparatus comprising: (a) a torque-generating mechanism configured to provide resistive torque about a defined axis of rotation; and (b) a lever arm operably connected to the torque-generating mechanism, wherein the lever arm is configured to apply resistive rotational force to a limb of a user during movement about a joint.

22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the lever arm includes at least one physical alignment feature configured to position a portion of the user's limb such that the axis of rotation is substantially aligned with one of: (i) a rotation axis of the wrist joint that is generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the forearm; (ii) a pronation-supination axis defined by the radioulnar joint; (iii) a rotation axis of the glenohumeral joint that is substantially aligned with the longitudinal axis of the humerus; (iv) a rotation axis of the glenohumeral joint that is generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the humerus; or (v) a rotation axis of the hip joint that is generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the femur.

23. A method of strengthening muscles and connective tissues around a joint of the human body, comprising: (a) providing a tool comprising a torque-generating mechanism and an ergonomic lever arm operably connected to the mechanism, the lever arm including at least one physical alignment feature configured to position a portion of the user's limb in alignment with the tool's axis of rotation; (b) positioning a user's limb such that the selected joint is substantially aligned with the axis of rotation, wherein the tool is further configured to restrict or minimize compensatory motion in adjacent joints or body segments, the selected joint comprising one of: (i) a wrist joint with a rotation axis generally perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the forearm; (ii) a radioulnar joint defining a pronation-supination axis; (iii) a glenohumeral joint with a rotation axis substantially aligned with the longitudinal axis of the humerus; or (iv) a glenohumeral joint with a rotation axis generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the humerus; and (c) applying muscular force to the lever arm relative to the rotational torque-generating mechanism to perform one or more of: (i) concentric movement under resistive torque; (ii) eccentric movement under resistive torque; or (iii) isometric contraction while maintaining the lever arm in a fixed position.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the ergonomic lever arm includes one or more alignment features for the upper arm and one or more alignment features for the forearm.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the upper arm alignment features comprise an elbow cup and a U-brace configured to secure the forearm.

26. The method of claim 24, wherein the forearm alignment feature comprises a distal grip geometry selected from the group consisting of an egg-shaped grip, a T-grip, or a protruding handle.

27. The method of claim 24, wherein the forearm alignment feature comprises a distal opening configured to receive the user's hand, allowing internal or external rotation of the forearm without manual gripping.

28. The method of claim 23, wherein the ergonomic lever arm includes one or more adjustable-length segments configured to accommodate different user limb lengths or exercise configurations.

29. The method of claim 23, wherein the ergonomic lever arm includes at least one alignment feature configured to position the forearm in alignment with the axis of rotation.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein the alignment feature comprises a handle oriented approximately perpendicular to the axis of rotation and configured for manual gripping to facilitate forearm pronation or supination under resistance, wherein the forearm is generally aligned with the axis of rotation.

31. The method of claim 23, wherein the ergonomic lever arm includes at least one alignment feature configured to position the wrist joint in alignment with the axis of rotation.

32. The method of claim 31, wherein the alignment feature comprises a handle oriented approximately parallel to the axis of rotation and spaced apart from the axis by approximately the length of a human palm, and further comprises a rest configured to contact the front or back of the wrist or hand to facilitate wrist flexion or extension under resistance while the wrist is in a pronated, supinated, neutral, or intermediary position.

33. The method of claim 23, wherein the ergonomic lever arm includes at least one alignment feature configured to position the hip joint in alignment with the axis of rotation.

34. The method of claim 33, wherein the alignment feature comprises a flexible cuff or partially enclosed semi-rigid loop that fully or partially encircles the ankle or lower calf and is spaced apart from the axis by approximately the length of a human leg to facilitate hip movement in the sagittal plane (e.g., forward or backward) or in the frontal plane (e.g., adduction or abduction).

35. The method of claim 23, wherein the lever arm is rotated passively by means including but not limited to a second person, a motor, gravitational or elastic force, or a second limb of the user, to facilitate stretching of the joint tissues or to apply eccentric loading.

36. The method of claim 23, wherein the tool is used in a clinical, rehabilitative, or therapeutic setting under supervision of a practitioner.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] FIG. 1 is a side view of an embodiment of the tool mounted with a horizontal axis of rotation.

[0015] FIG. 2 is a front view of the tool of FIG. 1.

[0016] FIG. 3 is a trimetric view of the tool of FIG. 1.

[0017] FIG. 4 is a sectioned trimetric view of the tool of FIG. 1.

[0018] FIG. 5 is a trimetric view of the tool of FIG. 1 with the lever arm rotated clockwise.

[0019] FIG. 6 is a detailed view of the torque unit during clockwise rotation of the lever arm.

[0020] FIG. 7 is a trimetric view of the tool of FIG. 1 with the lever arm rotated counterclockwise.

[0021] FIG. 8 is a detailed view of the torque unit during counterclockwise rotation.

[0022] FIG. 9 is a trimetric view of an embodiment of the tool mounted with a vertical axis of rotation.

[0023] FIG. 10 is a trimetric view of the tool of FIG. 9 with the lever arm rotated counterclockwise.

[0024] FIG. 11 is a trimetric view of an embodiment of the tool with two torque units mounted in parallel with the lever arm rotated clockwise.

[0025] FIG. 12 is a detailed view of the torque units of FIG. 11.

[0026] FIG. 13 is an exploded trimetric view of the tool of FIG. 1.

[0027] FIG. 14 is a trimetric view of an alternative embodiment of the tool in which rotational resistance is generated by a drum-and-strap mechanism.

[0028] FIG. 15 is a sectioned trimetric view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 14.

[0029] FIG. 16 is a trimetric view of the drum-and-strap embodiment mounted with a vertical axis of rotation.

[0030] FIG. 17 is a trimetric view of an embodiment of the tool configured to be mounted to a door.

[0031] FIG. 18 is a trimetric view of an embodiment of the tool configured to be mounted to a vertical post or wall using screws.

[0032] FIG. 19 is a trimetric view of an embodiment of the tool with a lever arm approximately the length of a user's arm, from shoulder to palm.

[0033] FIG. 20 is a trimetric view of an embodiment with a longer lever arm and an ankle cuff, suitable for use with the leg.

[0034] FIG. 21 is a trimetric view of an embodiment configured for shoulder joint exercises with a horizontal axis and with a u-brace and elbow cup for orienting the arm.

[0035] FIG. 22 is an exploded trimetric view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 21.

[0036] FIG. 23 is an exploded side view of the tool of FIG. 21.

[0037] FIG. 24 is a trimetric view of an embodiment configured for shoulder exercises with a vertical axis.

[0038] FIG. 25 is a trimetric view of an embodiment configured for shoulder exercises with a 45-degree axis.

[0039] FIG. 26 is a trimetric view of an alternative embodiment of just the mounting portion of the tool in which the mounting mechanism is a clamp.

[0040] FIG. 27 is another trimetric view of the portion of the tool of FIG. 26.

[0041] FIG. 28 is a front view of the portion of the tool of FIG. 26.

[0042] FIG. 29 is a trimetric view of an embodiment configured for exercises about the radioulnar joint, with the forearm aligned along the axis of rotation.

[0043] FIG. 30 is a side view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 29.

[0044] FIG. 31 is a trimetric view of an embodiment configured for wrist joint exercises.

[0045] FIG. 32 is a side view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 31.

[0046] FIG. 33 is a trimetric view of an embodiment configured for either wrist or radioulnar joint use.

[0047] FIG. 34 is a side view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 33.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Overview of the Invention

[0048] The Rotational Exercise and Stretching Tool is designed for strengthening and mobilizing muscles and connective tissues surrounding joints of the human body. The tool comprises: [0049] a) a mount configured to secure the tool to a stable structure and to absorb reaction torque during use; [0050] b) a torque unit operably coupled to the mount, the torque unit configured to generate resistive torque about a defined rotational axis; and [0051] c) an ergonomic lever arm operably connected to the torque unit, the lever arm including at least one physical alignment feature configured to position a portion of the user's limb such that the tool's rotational axis is substantially aligned with one of: [0052] i) a rotation axis of the wrist joint that is generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the forearm; [0053] ii) a pronation-supination axis defined by the radioulnar joint; [0054] iii) a rotation axis of the glenohumeral joint that is substantially aligned with the longitudinal axis of the humerus; or [0055] iv) a rotation axis of the glenohumeral joint that is generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the humerus.

[0056] The lever arm may be of adjustable or interchangeable length and is designed to accommodate both limb alignment and targeted resistance application. In some embodiments, forearm rests, elbow cups, cuffs, or other ergonomic contact geometries are provided to facilitate consistent limb positioning. The torque unit may employ any of a variety of mechanisms including but not limited to torsion springs, elastomers, weights, pneumatic pistons, electric actuators, or other mechanisms to generate rotational resistance, typically bidirectional and adjustable in intensity.

[0057] The mount may be affixed to a variety of surfaces including but not limited to gym equipment, vertical posts, doors, door frames, or structural walls. In some embodiments, the mount supports rotation axes that are horizontal, vertical, or angled (e.g., 45 degrees), enabling use across a variety of anatomical planes.

[0058] Depending on how the tool is mounted and configured, it may be used to facilitate joint-specific exercises for the shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, or other articulations. Exercises may include rotational strengthening, isometric holds, eccentric control, or passive stretching. A detailed description of these use scenarios is provided in the Methods of Use section.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS

Description of Embodiments Illustrated in FIGS. 1-34

[0059] The following descriptions refer to illustrated embodiments of the invention and are provided to enable understanding of its structure, function, and various configurations. These embodiments are exemplary in nature and do not limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims.

[0060] Unless otherwise specified, the terminology used in this description should be interpreted according to the following principles: [0061] The term about is used to indicate that a numerical value or range may vary slightly, such that the intended function or performance is not materially affected. Unless otherwise indicated, this includes a variation of approximately 10%. [0062] The term substantially refers to a feature, condition, or result that is either fully present or present to a degree sufficient for practical purposes, such that minor variations or imperfections are functionally irrelevant. [0063] Singular terms such as a, an, and the include the plural forms of the same unless context clearly indicates otherwise. [0064] References to numerical ranges should be understood to include all individual values and subranges within those bounds, including both whole numbers and fractional values. For example, from 5 to 10 encompasses values such as 6, 7.5, and 9.9. Similarly, terms like at least about 50 or less than about 50 include all values reasonably close to the stated threshold in the applicable direction.

[0065] While the figures illustrate specific structures, shapes, and mechanical arrangements, it should be understood that alternative materials, geometries, fastening systems, and configurations may be used to achieve equivalent function. Accordingly, components shown or described in one embodiment may be substituted, repositioned, or omitted in other embodiments within the scope of the invention. Dashed lines in the figures are used to indicate groupings of components functionally associated as a system or assembly, without implying structural enclosure.

[0066] Reference numerals are used consistently across figures unless otherwise specified, and similar numbers refer to similar or functionally equivalent components.

Description of Embodiment Illustrated in FIGS. 1 Through 13

Mount System

[0067] This embodiment includes a mount system 24, comprising: [0068] A mount retention system 1, formed by two flexible spring arms configured to wrap around the sides of a squat-rack post and engage securely behind it in a snap-fit configuration. [0069] An alternative mount retention system, which includes a magnetic element 22 that secures the mount primary piece 3 to the squat-rack post. This may be used alone or in combination with the spring arm retention system. [0070] A pair of squat-rack-tube interaction posts 2, which extend through holes in the squat-rack post to provide additional stabilization. In some embodiments, these posts may be adjustable in spacing or diameter, or may include sleeves to adapt to squat racks with different geometries. [0071] A mount primary piece 3, featuring two orthogonal square mounting holes (20 and 21), configured to receive a square axial shaft 11. These permit the tool to be mounted in either a vertical or horizontal orientation.

Torque Unit

[0072] The rotational resistance is generated by a torque unit 23, which comprises:

[0073] Fixed elements (axially-proximal fixed piece 4 and axially-distal fixed piece 5), each with square holes that keep them rotationally fixed to the axial shaft 11.

[0074] Mobile elements (axially-proximal mobile piece 6 and axially-distal mobile piece 7), each with round holes allowing rotation about the axis.

[0075] A torsion spring 8, with a proximal spring leg 9 and distal spring leg 10, configured to apply torque as the mobile pieces rotate relative to the fixed pieces.

[0076] Hardware 18 connects the two mobile pieces 6 and 7, ensuring they rotate together.

[0077] Hardware 19 connects the two fixed pieces 4 and 5, ensuring they remain stationary with respect to one another and to the mount.

Lever Arm System

[0078] The lever arm system 26 is connected to the torque unit 23 and includes:

[0079] An axial shaft 11, which transmits torque from the torque unit 23 to the mount system 24. The shaft remains rotationally fixed relative to the mount but allows transfer of reactive torque from the tool back into the mount.

[0080] A lever arm 12, received within a lever-arm mount 13, which includes a series of holes allowing the effective length of the lever arm to be adjusted.

[0081] A spring pin 14 is used to secure the lever arm at a selected length.

[0082] A lever-arm handle 15 is located at the radially-distal end and may be oriented either parallel or perpendicular to the circumferential direction of rotation, enabling the user to adopt a supinated, neutral or pronated grip.

[0083] Hardware 17 secures the lever-arm mount 13 to the torque unit 23, such that the lever arm 12 rotates in unison with the mobile elements 6 and 7.

[0084] A contact geometry 16 for the forearm is located at the radially-proximal end of the lever arm 12. In this embodiment, it is a shaped post oriented approximately perpendicular to the lever arm and approximately parallel to the axis of rotation, configured to contact the user's forearm near the elbow, particularly for shoulder rotation exercises performed with the elbow bent at a right angle.

Operation and Resistance Profile

[0085] In this embodiment, the torsion spring 8 provides substantially equal torque in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions. When the lever arm system 26 is in a neutral position (as shown in FIGS. 1-3), both spring legs 9 and 10 are in contact with the mobile and fixed pieces.

[0086] As the lever arm system is rotated clockwise (FIGS. 5-6), the distal spring leg 10 moves with the mobile pieces while the proximal leg 9 remains engaged with the fixed pieces. When rotated counterclockwise (FIGS. 7-8), the roles reverse: the proximal spring leg 9 moves with the mobile pieces, while the distal leg 10 remains engaged with the fixed elements. In either direction, the spring winds tighter, creating resistive torque.

Stacked Torque Units

[0087] As illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 12, this embodiment may also incorporate two torque units 23 mounted along the same axial shaft 11, or along aligned but separate shafts. The fixed components of both torque units remain rotationally fixed to the mount via the shaft(s), while the mobile components are secured to one another and to the lever arm via hardware 17 (or equivalent structural features), thereby increasing the total resistance.

[0088] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that additional torque units could be mechanically linked via gears, pulleys, or other means to increase total torque output without physically stacking them along the same axis.

Description of Embodiment Illustrated in FIGS. 14 Through 16

[0089] FIGS. 14 through 16 illustrate an alternative embodiment of the invention in which the torque-generating mechanism consists of a drum-and-strap system 34, rather than the torsion spring-based torque unit described in the previous embodiment.

Drum-Based Torque Mechanism

[0090] In this embodiment, a drum 35 is rotatably mounted about a circular axial shaft 38. A flexible strap 36 is affixed around the drum and extends to an attachment point 37, which is configured to connect to a source of linear resistance. As the lever arm system 26 is rotated by the user, the drum 35 rotates via a connecting member 39, thereby winding or unwinding the strap and raising or lowering the attachment point.

[0091] A resistance elementsuch as a tension spring, weight stack, or elastomeric bandis secured to the opposite end of the strap. As the strap is displaced due to drum rotation, the linear resistance is effectively converted into rotational resistance (torque) experienced at the lever arm.

Vertical Axis Accommodation

[0092] To permit mounting in a vertical-axis configuration, the front face of the drum may be fitted with crown gear teeth 40, which engage with a corresponding set of crown gear teeth 41 on a vertical rotation wheel 38. The lever arm system 26 may be operably connected to the vertical rotation wheel via the same or an alternate connecting member 39, such that movement of the lever arm results in synchronized rotation of the vertical wheel and thus the drum.

[0093] This arrangement enables the use of the same linear-to-rotational resistance conversion mechanism when the tool is oriented for rotation about a vertical axis, broadening the versatility of the tool for multiple joint configurations.

Design Flexibility

[0094] While the drum 35 is illustrated as circular, it should be understood that drums of non-uniform or variable radius may be used to produce torque curves that vary across the range of motion. For example, an eccentric or cam-shaped drum may be used to increase or decrease resistance as the lever arm rotates.

[0095] Similarly, the strap 36 may be any flexible tension member capable of transmitting force, including but not limited to a rope, cord, chain, or fabric band. The system may also be used with a unibody elastomeric element, wherein the strap and resistance element are integrated into a single component.

[0096] Further, while only horizontal and vertical axis configurations are illustrated in the figures, it will be understood that the rotational axis of the tool may be positioned at any oblique angle. The angular conversion mechanism shown in this embodiment utilizes a crown gear arrangement for illustrative purposes; however, other suitable mechanical linkages may be employed to achieve a similar function. These may include, but are not limited to, bevel gears, universal joints, torque-transmitting couplings, or custom-milled joints configured to maintain torque transmission between non-parallel axes.

Description of Embodiment Illustrated in FIG. 17

[0097] FIG. 17 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the mount system 24 in which the tool is configured to be mounted to a door.

[0098] In this embodiment, a primary mount piece 29 is secured to a door via one or more door hooks 27, which are thin, flat elements that wrap around the top, bottom, or side edges of the door to hold the mount in place. The design permits stable attachment without the need for permanent hardware or modification of the door.

[0099] To accommodate users of different heights or to enable various exercise positions, the system may further include an adjustable-length connecting strap 28 or other height-adjustment mechanism. This allows the mount to be vertically repositioned relative to the door surface to align the rotational axis of the tool with the intended joint of the user.

[0100] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other variations of this door-mounting configuration are possible. For example, a structural element that mimics the geometry of a squat-rack tube could be incorporated into the mount. This would allow compatibility with the mount system 24 and torque unit described in earlier embodiments, enabling interchangeability of modular components.

[0101] Further, alternative embodiments may achieve stabilization against the door without the use of hooks, by employing one or more structural elements that rest against the door surface in combination with one or more straps that encompass the door. Combinations of encompassing straps and hook-based systems may also be used to secure the mount, depending on user preference or door geometry.

Description of Embodiment Illustrated in FIG. 18

[0102] FIG. 18 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the mount system 24 in which the tool is configured to be affixed to a vertical architectural element, such as a post, column, or wall surface.

[0103] In this embodiment, a primary mount piece 30 includes one or more screw holes 31 and is secured to the architectural surface using a fastening mechanism such as screws, bolts, or other mechanical fasteners suitable for the structure material. This configuration allows for stable, semi-permanent installation of the tool in environments such as gyms, clinics, or home workout areas.

[0104] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various adaptations of this architectural mounting approach are possible. For example, the mount may incorporate or attach to a structural piece designed to mimic the geometry of a squat-rack tube, thereby enabling compatibility with the modular components of the mount system 24 and torque unit described in previous embodiments.

Description of Embodiment Illustrated in FIGS. 19 and 20

[0105] FIGS. 19 and 20 illustrate an alternative embodiment of the lever arm system 26 in which a long lever arm 32 is used. The long lever arm 32 is configured to approximate the length of a user's full arm (from shoulder to palm) or full leg (from hip joint to ankle), enabling a wider range of exercise types than those facilitated by shorter lever configurations.

[0106] In this embodiment, a cuff 33 is affixed near the radially distal end of the lever arm. The cuff 33 may be implemented as a wraparound band with a hook-and-loop fastener or other adjustable closure to secure it to the user's limb. Alternatively, the cuff may be a fixed or semi-rigid loop large enough to accommodate the user's hand, forearm, ankle, or foot, allowing for quick insertion and removal.

[0107] This configuration supports exercises involving larger arcs of motion and joints such as the shoulder or hip. For example, with the axis of rotation aligned to the hip joint, the long lever arm 32 and cuff 33 enable the user to engage in hip extension, flexion, or rotational movements under load, such as the posterior leg extension described in the Methods of Use section.

Description of Embodiment Illustrated in FIGS. 21 Through 28

[0108] FIGS. 21 through 28 illustrate an embodiment in which the mount system 24 is configured as a clamp-style attachment, providing secure fixation of the tool to a wide range of vertical surfaces, including structural posts, squat-rack uprights, door frames, and monolithic walls.

[0109] In this embodiment, the mount system 24 comprises a clamp jaw 42 and a threaded rod 43. The threaded rod 43 passes through the clamp jaw and terminates in a foot configured to press against the opposing side of the mounting surface. The exterior end of the threaded rod 43 may include a handle to facilitate tightening and securing the clamp. The interior foot may optionally include a ball joint or similar articulation to accommodate irregular or angled surfaces and distribute clamping force.

[0110] Although a traditional C-clamp geometry is shown, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that other clamping mechanisms may be used, including but not limited to spring clamps, locking jaw clamps (e.g., vise-grip style), or over-center cam clamps.

[0111] Projecting horizontally from the clamp jaw 42 is a tube 44 within which are mounted a plurality of angularly oriented sockets 45, 46, 47, and 48. These sockets are configured as hexagonal receptacles, each capable of receiving a torque-transmitting shaft and transmitting reaction torque from the torque unit into the mount system 24. In the illustrated embodiment, sockets 45 and 48 are oriented horizontally, socket 47 is oriented vertically, and socket 46 is positioned at approximately 45 degrees from horizontal. Additional sockets at other angles may be included, or a single multi-axis socket may be used with an angular locking mechanism. Other socket and shaft shapes may likewise be used, including but not limited to square, octagonal and keyed spline.

[0112] FIGS. 26, 27, and 28 show the mount system 24 in isolation and from various perspectives to illustrate these angular socket positions clearly.

[0113] The torque unit 23 in this embodiment includes an inner member 49 that is rotationally fixed with respect to the mount system 24 by way of a hexagonal shaft connector 53 inserted into one of the sockets 45-48. An outer member 50 is rotatably mounted about the inner member 49 and is connected to the lever arm system 26 using hardware 17 and receiving an axial pin 59 into the hexagonal shaft connector 53. The hardware secures the outer member 50 to the lever arm system such that they rotate together.

[0114] A flexible member 51shown here as a tension springis secured at its axially proximal end to the inner member 49 and at its axially distal end to the outer member 50. As the outer member rotates relative to the fixed inner member, the flexible member bends, producing a resistive torque. In this embodiment, the axially distal end of the flexible member 51 is connected to the outer member via a post 52 that slides within a slot, maintaining approximately constant effective length of the flexible member during rotation. Other embodiments may include other sliding mechanisms, such as rotary or shaft bearings, as part of this attachment. Alternatively, for longer or more elastic members, the flexible element may be linearly fixed at both ends, with rotation causing both bending and elongation, resulting in a varying torque profile over the range of motion.

[0115] The lever arm system 26 in this embodiment consists of a telescoping structure, with an inner tube 57 sliding within an outer tube 56. The effective length is adjustable and secured using a spring pin 58 that engages with indexed holes along the outer tube. A handle 15 is located at the distal end for manual gripping. At the proximal end, an elbow cup 54 and a U-brace 55 are used to align and secure the user's arm during exercise. These alignment features maintain the elbow approximately on the rotational axis and guide the forearm through the intended range of motion.

[0116] The lever arm system 26 connects to the torque unit 23 at two points. First, an axial pin 59 engages with the hexagonal shaft connector 53 to secure the lever arm at the axis of rotation. Second, hardware 17such as a pin, screw, or equivalent fastenerjoins the outer member 50 to a receiving point on the lever arm system, which in this case is a hole in the U-brace 55. This ensures that the lever arm rotates in synchrony with the outer member of the torque unit. Additional attachment mechanisms may be used, including retaining straps or locking pins, to secure the assembly during dynamic or high-torque applications.

[0117] While hexagonal shafts and sockets are illustrated, other non-round cross-sectional geometries may be employed, including square, rectangular, keyed, or spline profiles. In some embodiments, rotational alignment may be achieved without a discrete shaft, using an integrated or molded coupling geometry. The torque unit and lever arm system may also be partially or fully integrated into a single member 25, rather than modular as shown.

Description of Embodiment Illustrated in FIGS. 29 and 30

[0118] FIGS. 29 and 30 illustrate an embodiment of the invention in which the mount system 24 and torque unit 23 are the same as those described in FIGS. 21 through 28, but the lever arm system 26 is specifically configured for manual gripping and rotational movement about the radioulnar joint. In this configuration, the user's forearm is positioned approximately along the axis of rotation.

[0119] The lever arm system 26 includes a manual grip geometry 60 that is oriented perpendicular to the axis of rotation and centered approximately on that axis. This arrangement enables the user to grasp the grip with one hand while aligning the forearm along the axis of rotation, facilitating pronation and supination of the forearm. Through this movement, both the proximal and distal radioulnar joints (near the elbow and wrist, respectively) are loaded under torque resistance, supporting strength development and joint control.

[0120] As in prior embodiments, the lever arm system 26 is coupled to the torque unit 23 at two locations. An axial pin 59 secures the lever arm to the hexagonal shaft connector 53 at the axis, while a second connection is made via hardware 17shown here as a pinbetween the lever arm and the outer member of the torque unit, ensuring synchronized rotation.

[0121] This embodiment may be mounted with the axis of rotation in vertical, horizontal, or angled orientations, depending on the target limb position and desired motion pattern. The design allows for rotational strengthening, isometric loading, or eccentric resistance training of the forearm musculature responsible for pronation and supination.

Description of Embodiment Illustrated in FIGS. 31 and 32

[0122] FIGS. 31 and 32 illustrate an embodiment in which the mount system 24 and torque unit 23 are as described in FIGS. 21 through 28, but the lever arm system 26 is configured specifically for exercises targeting the wrist joint, with the forearm oriented approximately perpendicular to the axis of rotation.

[0123] In this embodiment, the lever arm system 26 includes a manual grip geometry 61 that is positioned parallel to the axis of rotation and centered approximately on that axis. This configuration enables the user to grasp the grip with one hand while maintaining the forearm in a perpendicular orientation to the rotational axis. The user may then rotate the hand into wrist flexion or extension against the torque resistance generated by the torque unit.

[0124] In alternative embodiments, the grip geometry 61 may be offset from the axis of rotation to better align the wrist joint with the torque axis or to achieve a specific biomechanical or therapeutic effect. Such offsets may be radially proximal or distal depending on the intended direction and magnitude of wrist motion.

[0125] This configuration allows for multiple modes of wrist training, including concentric movement into flexion or extension, isometric contraction while holding the wrist at a fixed angle, or eccentric loading during controlled return from flexed or extended positions.

[0126] As in previous embodiments, the lever arm system 26 is coupled to the torque unit 23 at two locations: via an axial pin 59 inserted into the hexagonal shaft connector 53 at the axis, and via hardware 17shown here as a pinbetween the lever arm and the outer member of the torque unit. This ensures synchronized rotation between the lever arm and the torque-generating components.

[0127] This embodiment may be oriented for use with the axis of rotation in vertical, horizontal, or oblique positions, depending on the specific exercise application and user setup.

Description of Embodiment Illustrated in FIGS. 33 and 34

[0128] FIGS. 33 and 34 illustrate an embodiment in which the mount system 24 and torque unit 23 are consistent with those described in FIGS. 21 through 28, but the lever arm system 26 is configured to support both wrist joint and radioulnar joint exercises through multiple integrated grip geometries.

[0129] In this embodiment, the lever arm system 26 includes a manual grip geometry 62 that is oriented parallel to the axis of rotation and offset radially from the axis such that the user's wrist is either aligned with or spaced away from the axis of rotation, depending on the exercise. This grip permits the user to align the forearm approximately perpendicular to the axis of rotation and to perform wrist flexion and extension against resistive torque. The same grip may also be used for isometric contractions or for eccentric loading during controlled return from extended or flexed positions.

[0130] Additionally, the lever arm system 26 includes a second manual grip geometry 63 that is oriented perpendicular to the axis of rotation and centered approximately on the axis. This grip is configured for exercises involving forearm pronation and supination, with the user's forearm aligned along the axis of rotation. Rotation of the hand from supinated to pronated positions (or vice versa) engages both the proximal and distal radioulnar joints under torque.

[0131] As with prior embodiments, the lever arm system 26 is connected to the torque unit 23 at two locations: first, via an axial pin 59 inserted into the hexagonal shaft connector 53, and second, via hardware 17shown here as a pinsecuring the outer member of the torque unit to the lever arm system. This dual connection ensures synchronized motion and consistent torque transmission during use.

[0132] The configuration may be mounted for operation with the axis of rotation in vertical, horizontal, or oblique orientations, enabling a wide range of wrist and forearm training applications with the same hardware.

Alternative Embodiments and Variations

[0133] The embodiments described above are illustrative and not exhaustive. Various modifications and extensions may be made while remaining within the scope of the invention.

[0134] The mount system may be configured to support rotational axes in horizontal, vertical, or oblique orientations. While many illustrated embodiments show mounting at 0, 45, or 90 relative to the ground, other angles may be used to better match specific joint axes or movement arcs. This may be particularly useful in exercises involving compound or diagonal motions, such as those where the limb follows an upward arc across the body or outward from the torso, including movements similar to the arm positioning in a Y formation.

[0135] As described in earlier sections, the torque-generating system may employ a variety of mechanisms, either individually or in combination. These include torsion springs, tension springs, elastomeric bands, gravitational resistance via weights, or other flexible members that deform under rotation. Each of these may be configured to produce bidirectional or unidirectional torque, with a fixed or variable torque profile depending on the desired exercise stimulus.

[0136] The torque unit and lever arm system may be modular or integrated, and components may be interchanged to suit different training applications. For example, a spring-based torque unit may be replaced with a drum-and-strap system or other mechanism that converts linear displacement into rotational resistance.

[0137] Torque units configured in this way may also be adapted to support traditional linear exercises. For example, a cable or strap connected to the torque-generating mechanism may be used to replicate exercises typically performed with resistance bands, cable machines, or gravity-based apparatuses. In such configurations, the rotational resistance of the torque unit becomes a source of linear resistance, which can be used for pulling, pushing, or offsetting bodyweight movements.

[0138] These and other configurations make the system adaptable for use in clinical rehabilitation, athletic performance training, and general fitness, across a wide range of movement planes and user body types.

Methods of Use

[0139] The rotational exercise and stretching tool, comprising the mount system 24, the lever arm system 26 and torque unit 23, may be used to strengthen or stretch the muscles and connective tissues surrounding various joints of the human body. These include, but are not limited to, the shoulder (glenohumeral), elbow, wrist, and hip joints. In all cases, the method involves aligning the axis of rotation of the tool with a target anatomical joint axis and applying torque through the lever arm system under resistance.

[0140] In a typical use case, the mount system 24 is positioned such that the axis of rotation of the torque unit 23 is substantially aligned with the anatomical axis of the joint to be trained. For example, in one configuration for shoulder external rotation, the tool is mounted horizontally at approximately shoulder height. The user aligns their upper arm laterally with the axis, bends the elbow to approximately 90 degrees, and rests the forearm against the contact geometry. Rotation of the forearm upward or downward via the lever arm system engages the external rotators concentrically or eccentrically throughout the arc of motion.

[0141] In an alternative shoulder configuration, the tool may be mounted with a vertical axis beside the user's torso. The user aligns the upper arm vertically and rotates the forearm inward or outward across the abdomen. This enables training of either the internal or external rotators depending on the direction of resistance. Similar configurations using a 45-degree axis allow for diagonal movement arcs that more closely mimic athletic or functional motions.

[0142] With an extended lever arm, the tool can be used for large-arc shoulder exercises. For instance, the user may perform a front raise by lifting a straightened arm from beside the leg to overhead, with the axis of rotation aligned horizontally through the shoulders. This movement can strengthen the shoulder's flexors concentrically or provide a stretch under eccentric resistance (e.g., targeting latissimus dorsi). With a vertical axis, the arm may sweep across the torso or extend backward, stretching internal rotators such as the pectoralis major. The 45-degree mounting configuration enables alternative arc motions, such as reaching from the opposite hip to an overhead diagonal (e.g., a Y position).

[0143] In configurations where the lever arm system 26 is approximately the length of the user's leg and connected to an ankle cuff, the tool may be used to strengthen the hip joint. For example, with the axis mounted horizontally at hip height, the user may extend the leg posteriorly under resistance to engage the gluteal muscles. Reversing the resistance direction or starting position allows for hip flexion work or stretching of the psoas.

[0144] The tool also supports rotational exercises about the radioulnar joint. In such cases, the user grasps a perpendicular grip geometry centered on the axis of rotation and aligns the forearm along that axis. Rotation of the hand from supinated to pronated positions (or vice versa) loads the forearm musculature and both the proximal and distal radioulnar joints. Offset grip geometries may also be employed to fine-tune alignment.

[0145] In wrist-specific configurations, the forearm is oriented perpendicular to the axis of rotation and the user grasps a parallel grip geometry. This allows for flexion and extension of the wrist under load. In some embodiments, the grip may be offset from the axis of rotation to improve joint alignment or increase the torque arm. The same setup supports isometric contractions (e.g., holding the wrist at a fixed angle) or eccentric training (e.g., resisting return from an extended or flexed position).

[0146] Exercises may be performed actively, with the user rotating the lever arm system 26 concentrically or eccentrically against torque generated by the torque unit 23. Isometric loading may be achieved by holding the lever arm at a fixed position while applying muscular force. The tool may also be used passively: a second limb, a second person, or gravitational or elastic force may move the lever arm while the user remains relaxed, providing a stretch or joint mobilization. This is particularly useful in early-stage rehabilitation or flexibility-focused training.

[0147] The tool may be mounted at various heights and orientations to suit the anatomical joint and the desired exercise. The torque-generating mechanism may use torsion springs, elastomers, tension springs, weights, or combinations thereof to provide unidirectional or bidirectional resistance. The lever arm system 26 may include interchangeable or adjustable-length arms, cuffs, or alignment features to accommodate a wide range of body sizes, limb lengths, and motion profiles.

[0148] Because of its modular structure and ability to align with multiple joint axes across all major planes of motion, the tool supports a diverse range of clinical, therapeutic, and performance applications.

Advantages

Isolated Joint Strengthening:

[0149] Enables precise loading of individual joints (shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip) with minimal compensation from surrounding muscle groups or joints.

Restricted Axis of Rotation:

[0150] Guides motion along a defined rotational axis, improving mechanical targeting and reducing the likelihood of maladaptive movement patterns.

Continuous Resistance Through Range of Motion

[0151] Maintains torque across the full movement arc, whether using constant-resistance systems (e.g., torsion springs) or variable-resistance mechanisms (e.g., elastic or eccentric loading profiles).

Modular Configuration

[0152] Supports interchangeable torque units, lever arms, mounts, grips, and alignment features to adapt to different exercises, joints, or user anthropometry.

Multi-Plane and Multi-Angle Capability

[0153] Operates effectively in horizontal, vertical, and oblique orientations, accommodating real-world joint motion arcs, including diagonal or compound paths.

Bidirectional and Unidirectional Resistance Options

[0154] Accommodates concentric, eccentric, and isometric exercise modes in both directions of motion, including passive or assisted stretching.

Compact and Portable Form Factor in Certain Embodiments

[0155] Delivers resistance training benefits typically associated with large machines in a portable tool in some embodiments that can be mounted to common structures such as doors, posts, or gym racks.

Alignment Customization

[0156] Ergonomic grip geometries and adjustable alignment features facilitate correct limb positioning and comfort for users of varying sizes and abilities.

Rehabilitation and Performance Training Utility

[0157] Equally suitable for physical therapy, post-injury recovery, athletic performance enhancement, or general functional fitness.