Thawing-apparatus and method to thaw a substance

Abstract

The present invention relates to a thawing-apparatus, in which a substance is preferably heated. The present invention further relates to a method to thaw a substance with radio-frequency waves.

Claims

1. A thawing apparatus, in which a frozen substance is heated to a temperature in the vicinity of 0° C., wherein the thawing-apparatus comprises: a product chamber, in which the substance is heated; a plurality of solid-state radio frequency sources that are located around a circumference of the product chamber; a plurality of chambers disposed around the circumference of the product chamber, one or more of which contain one of the plurality of solid-state radio frequency sources; a microwave tube/sphere that is disposed around the circumference of the product chamber, that separates the product chamber from the plurality of chambers, wherein a material of the microwave tube/sphere is transparent for microwaves; a conveyor to transport the substance past the plurality of solid-state radio frequency sources, the conveyor being at least partially transmittable for RF-radiation; wherein the thawing apparatus comprises a housing in which the product chamber is located, the housing comprises a plurality of openings defined around its circumference, each of the plurality of openings lead to one of the plurality of chambers in which one of the plurality of solid-state radio frequency sources are located, and a waveguide covering one or more of the plurality of openings and configured to direct RF-radiation in a direction of the substance.

2. The thawing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of solid-state radio frequency sources are provided in an array of n columns and m rows, wherein n is an integer >1 and m is an integer ≥1.

3. The thawing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of solid-state radio frequency sources are provided equidistantly around the circumference of product chamber.

4. The thawing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the thawing apparatus comprises an inlet and an outlet, which are spaced apart from each other.

5. (canceled)

6. The thawing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the substance is provided as a batch, which is placed in a vicinity of the plurality of solid-state radio frequency sources.

7. The thawing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the thawing apparatus comprises a control system to control at least one of the plurality of solid-state radio frequency sources.

8. The thawing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the thawing apparatus comprises a control system and a sensor that measures at least one property of the substance and/or one property of radiation reflected from an edible mass, wherein a signal of the sensor is utilized by the control system.

9. The thawing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the thawing apparatus is at least partially isolated by one or more valves.

10. A production comprising the thawing apparatus according to claim 1.

11. The production line according to claim 10, wherein the production line comprises a tumbler or a mixer downstream from the thawing apparatus.

12. The production line according to claim 10, wherein the production line comprises a cooling means downstream from the thawing apparatus and/or from a tumbler/mixer.

13. A method of thawing the substance with the thawing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein radio-frequency waves are provided with one or more of the plurality of solid-state radio frequency sources.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the substance is transported from an inlet to an exit which are spaced apart and the substance is transported by the conveyor continuously or intermittently.

15. (canceled)

16. The method according to claim 13, wherein one or more sensors are provided which measure one or more properties of the substance and/or radiation reflected from the substance, and optionally one or more signals from the one or more sensors are utilized to control one or more of the plurality of solid-state radio frequency sources.

17. (canceled)

18. The method according to claim 13, wherein the substance is further heated by steam and/or a heated jacket and/or heated carrier of a tumbler or mixer, and mixed under vacuum and/or the substance is cooled after the thawing and/or further heating and/or the substance is subjected to microwave radiation, at least temporarily in a film-cover.

19. (canceled)

20. (canceled)

21. The thawing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the thawing apparatus comprises a sensor that measures energy absorbed by the substance to control at least one of the plurality of solid-state radio frequency sources so that a crystallization point of the substance is not exceeded.

22. The thawing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the substance is in contact with an inner circumference of the microwave tube/sphere, at least locally.

23. The thawing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of openings are spaced about 72 degrees apart or about 90 degrees apart.

24. A thawing apparatus in which a frozen substance is heated to a temperature in the vicinity of 0° C., wherein the thawing apparatus comprises: a product chamber, in which the substance is heated; a plurality of solid-state radio frequency sources that are located around a circumference of the product chamber; a conveyor to transport the substance past the plurality of solid-state radio frequency sources, the conveyor being at least partially transmittable for RF-radiation. wherein the thawing apparatus has at least one configuration selected form a group consisting of: a) a plurality of chambers disposed around the circumference of the product chamber, one or more of which contain one or more of the plurality of solid-state radio frequency sources; b) a microwave tube/sphere that is disposed around the circumference of the product chamber, that separates the product chamber from the plurality of chambers; and optionally a material of the microwave tube/sphere is transparent for microwaves; and optionally the substance is in contact with an inner circumference the microwave tube/sphere, at least locally; c) the thawing apparatus comprises a housing in which the product chamber is located, the housing comprises a plurality of openings defined around its circumference, one or more of the plurality of openings lead to one of the plurality of chambers; and optionally the plurality of openings are spaced about 72 degrees apart or about 90 degrees apart; d) a waveguide covering one or more of the plurality of openings and configured to direct RF-radiation in a direction of the substance.

25. The thawing apparatus according to claim 24, wherein the thawing apparatus comprises one or more sensors that measure energy absorbed by the substance to control at least one of the plurality of solid-state radio frequency sources.

Description

[0041] The inventions are now explained according to the Figures. The explanations apply for all embodiments of the present invention likewise.

[0042] FIGS. 1a and 1b show a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] FIGS. 2a and 2b show a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] FIGS. 3a and 3b show a third embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] For all described embodiments, the preferred substance to be thawed is meat.

[0047] A first embodiment of a solid-state RF energized microwave apparatus is depicted in FIG. 1a, which comprises one, but preferably multiple solid-state RF sources 2 which among other things each comprises a waveguide 16 and/or an antenna 17. In the present case, the inventive apparatus comprises a multitude of solid-state RF sources 2, which are provided at the circumference of a product chamber 14 and preferably, equidistantly. The number of sources 2 in circumferential direction can depend on the efficiency, of the microwaves to heat up substance 11 evenly, measured for example the temperature rises per unit of time. In this embodiment, the chamber 15 in which the solid-state RF sources 2 are located and the product chamber 14, in which the product to be treated/heated is provided are one and the same chamber and are defined by housing 8. The housing can be similar to a Faraday cage to prevent electromagnetic waves coming out of the housing. At least inner wall 9 but preferably the entire housing 8 can be made of steel, for instance stainless steel. Conveyor means 10 for instance a conveyor belt is positioned within housing 8 and conveys product 11, e.g. a formed food product, through housing 8. However, it is also possible to place a batch product into the product chamber, treat it with RF-radiation and remove it, once the treatment is terminated. The placement of the batch can be executed by motor means. FIG. 1b depicts a square design of housing 8. Other than that, the explanations regarding FIG. 1a also apply to FIG. 1b.

[0048] FIGS. 2a and 2b depict a second embodiment of the inventive apparatus, wherein in contrast to the embodiments according to FIGS. 1a and 1b microwave tube or sphere 12 is provided. The explanations given regarding the embodiment according to FIGS. 1a and 1b also apply to this embodiment. The microwave tube/sphere 12 separates the product chamber 14 from the chamber 15, in which the solid-state RF sources 2 are located. The tube material is preferably transparent for microwaves supplied by the solid-state RF sources 2 and more preferably do not absorb microwave energy and will therefore not be heated up by the microwave energy but, if any, only heated up by the warmed-up product. To effectively convert the microwave energy into increased temperature of the substance to be heated, the material of the tube/sphere 12 is not be metal, but certain plastic materials are suitable. Substance 11 is located within the product chamber 14 and will be treated, preferably heated by one preferably multiple solid-state sources 2 located in chamber 15. This embodiment is, for example, preferred in case cleaning agents used to clean product chamber 14 may not be come in contact with the solid-state sources 2. The tube/sphere 12 can also be used to direct the substance past the solid-state RF sources 2. In this case, the substance touches the inner circumference of tube at least locally. This embodiment of a solid-state RF energized microwave apparatus is depicted in FIGS. 3a and 3b. One, but preferably multiple solid-state RF sources 2 are positioned around microwave tube/sphere 12 through which a substance 4, for instance frozen minced meat or blocks of frozen meat is passed.

[0049] FIG. 4 depicts an embodiment related to FIG. 1a but will also apply to the embodiments according to FIGS. 1b-3b wherein a cooling chamber 18 is provided which is connected to a cooling circuit for instance a water cooling or a gas-, preferably air cooling circuit. The cooling chamber 18 surrounds the apparatus as depicted in one of FIGS. 1a-3b. While applying solid-state RF energy sources, microwave energy will be transmitted to a certain spot of the product to be treated only when needed. Despite this efficient energy management additional cooling of the waveguides and connected antennas may be desirable in case of high energy output, for example during a long period of time. In another not depicted embodiment also the solid-state RF energy source will be cooled as well as the power supply. This can be done per RF energy source as needed. The cooling of the RF energy source(s) is preferably controlled by a temperature measurement, which measures the temperature of one or more of the RF energy source and based on this reading controls a fluid flow of the cooling agent and/or its temperature.

[0050] All embodiments depicted in FIGS. 1-4 can be carried out in an apparatus with solid-state RF energy technology designed for batch operation as well as designed for continuous operation. Batch operation demands an apparatus with at least one gate, for example a door, through which the mass 4 or product 11 to be treated can enter the treatment section 6. In case the apparatus comprises a second gate the mass or product can removed from the treatment session via this second gate.

[0051] For all embodiments above the design of housing 8 is not limited to a circular design as depicted in FIG. 1a-3a but can be shaped differently as depicted in FIG. 1b-3b. Important is that heat treatment of product 11 or substance 4 will not adversely affected by the bouncing microwaves via inner wall 9 of housing 8.

[0052] For all embodiments depicted above the design of microwave tube 12 is not limited to a circular design but can be shaped differently. Especially in case a mass 4 flows through the tube as depicted in FIG. 3a circular design is advantageous with respect to pressure distribution. Preferably inner wall 13 should be provided with smooth walls in order to reduce shear forces on the food mass and to facilitate cleaning. Microwave tube 12 is preferably a fixed part within the depicted assembly and is isolated with respect to housing 8 and solid-state RF energy sources 2 which would be advantageous with respect to hygiene. Cleaning of the microwave tube can be done manually but preferably by an integrated CIP system.

LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

[0053] 1 thawing-apparatus, industrial thawing-apparatus

[0054] 2 solid-state RF energy source

[0055] 3 mass supply system, hopper

[0056] 4 substance, edible substance, food substance

[0057] 5 supply section, entrance

[0058] 6 microwave section, treatment section

[0059] 7 discharge section

[0060] 8 housing.

[0061] 9 inner wall housing 8

[0062] 10 conveyor means

[0063] 11 product, food product

[0064] 12 microwave chamber, microwave tube, microwave sphere

[0065] 13 inner wall microwave tube/sphere 12

[0066] 14 product chamber

[0067] 15 solid-state source chamber

[0068] 16 waveguide

[0069] 17 antenna

[0070] 18 cooling chamber