EXPANSION TANK FOR A VEHICLE WITH DUAL COOLING LINES, A COOLANT SYSTEM AND A METHOD FOR FILLING THE EXPANSION TANK

Abstract

An expansion tank for a vehicle with dual cooling lines includes a first chamber with a first fluid pressure, wherein the expansion tank includes a first fluid connector in fluid connection with the first chamber for connection to a first cooling line, a second chamber with a second fluid pressure, wherein the expansion tank includes a second fluid connector in fluid connection with the second chamber for connection to a second cooling line, wherein the first chamber and the second chamber are in fluid connection via a pressure actuated two-way valve that acts as a one-way valve open in the direction towards the second chamber at differential pressures between the second fluid pressure and the first fluid pressure below a first predetermined differential pressure threshold and opens also in the direction towards the first chamber at differential pressures above the first predetermined differential pressure threshold.

Claims

1. An expansion tank for a vehicle with dual cooling lines, comprising: a first chamber with a first fluid pressure, wherein the expansion tank comprises a first fluid connector in fluid connection with the first chamber for connection to a first cooling line, a second chamber with a second fluid pressure, wherein the expansion tank comprises a second fluid connector in fluid connection with the second chamber for connection to a second cooling line, wherein the first chamber and the second chamber are in fluid connection via a pressure actuated two-way valve that acts as a one-way valve open in the direction towards the second chamber at differential pressures between the second fluid pressure and the first fluid pressure below a first predetermined differential pressure threshold and opens also in the direction towards the first chamber at differential pressures above the first predetermined differential pressure threshold.

2. The expansion tank according to claim 1, wherein the expansion tank comprises an internal division wall between the first chamber and the second chamber, wherein the internal division wall has a first side surface and a second side surface opposite the first side surface, wherein the first side surface delimits the first chamber and the second side surface delimits the second chamber.

3. The expansion tank according to claim 2, wherein the internal division wall comprises an opening forming a fluid connection between the first chamber and the second chamber and wherein the pressure actuated two-way valve is arranged in the opening.

4. The expansion tank according to claim 1, wherein the first container further comprises a filling cap for filling the expansion tank with fluid.

5. The expansion tank according to claim 2, wherein the filling cap further comprises a over pressure valve opening towards the environment for releasing fluid at differential pressures between the first fluid pressure in the first container and the ambient air pressure above a second predetermined differential pressure threshold pressure.

6. The expansion tank according to claim 1, wherein the first predetermined differential pressure threshold is in the range of 0.2 bar to 3 bar. [Pressure above atmospheric pressure]

7. The expansion tank according to claim 1, wherein the first predetermined differential pressure threshold is around 0.7 bar.

8. The expansion tank according to claim 3, wherein the second predetermined differential pressure threshold is in the range of 0 bar to 1.5 bar.

9. The expansion tank according to claim 3, wherein the second predetermined differential pressure threshold is around 0.75 bar.

10. The expansion tank according to claim 1, wherein the expansion tank further comprises a third fluid connector in fluid connection with the first chamber for connection to the first cooling line, wherein the first fluid connector and the third fluid connector act as inlet and outlet, respectively, for cooling fluid, or the other way around.

11. The expansion tank according to claim 1, wherein expansion tank further comprises a fourth fluid connector in fluid connection with the second chamber for connection to the second cooling line, wherein the second fluid connector and the fourth fluid connector act as inlet and outlet, respectively, for cooling fluid, or the other way around.

12. A coolant system for electric circuits in a vehicle with an electric drive line comprising an expansion tank according to claim 1, further comprising: a first cooling line for cooling a battery and a second cooling line for cooling a motor, wherein the first cooling line is connected to the first fluid connector of the expansion tank and the second cooling line is connected to the second fluid connector of the expansion tank.

13. The coolant system according to claim 12, wherein the fluid that is filled into the expansion tank is water with an optional anti-freezing component.

14. The coolant system according to claim 12, wherein the motor is an Internal Combustion Engine or an electric motor.

15. A method for filling the expansion tank according to claim 1, the method comprising the steps of: evacuating the expansion tank creating a low pressure or vacuum forcing the pressure actuated two-way valve to open, filling the expansion tank with the liquid during low pressure.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The above objects, as well as additional objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure, will be more fully appreciated by reference to the following illustrative and non-limiting detailed description of example embodiments of the present disclosure, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0028] FIG. 1 illustrates two expansion tanks as common in the prior art for vehicle systems having need of two cooling lines.

[0029] FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of an expansion tank according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] FIG. 3A shows a possible embodiment of a pressure actuated two-way valve used in the present disclosure.

[0031] FIG. 3B shows the pressure actuated two-way valve of FIG. 3A when pressure P1 is greater than the pressure P2.

[0032] FIG. 3C shows the pressure actuated two-way valve of FIG. 3A when pressure P1 is less than the pressure P2.

[0033] FIG. 4 shows an expansion tank according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] FIG. 5 shows a coolant system for electric circuits in a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] FIG. 6 shows a coolant system for electric circuits in a vehicle according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0036] FIG. 7 shows a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present disclosure will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred example embodiments of the disclosure are shown. The disclosure may, however, be embodied in other forms and should not be construed as limited to the herein disclosed embodiments. The disclosed embodiments are provided to fully convey the scope of the disclosure to the skilled person.

[0038] FIG. 1 shows two expansion tanks 2′, 6′ for cooling lines according to prior art systems for vehicles in need of more than one cooling line. Each cooling line (not shown) traditionally has its own expansion tank 2′, 6′ with a filling cap, especially if the cooling lines require different internal operating pressures. However it is, for reasons specified in the background section of this document, a number of drawbacks with two separate expansion tanks in vehicles. It is an object of this disclosure to provide an improved expansion tank for vehicles in need of more than one cooling line.

[0039] With reference to FIG. 2, the first aspect of this disclosure will now be described. An expansion tank 1 for a vehicle with dual cooling lines 12, 13 is shown. The expansion tank comprises a first chamber 2 with a first fluid pressure P1 and the expansion tank 1 comprises a first fluid connector 3 in fluid connection with the first chamber 2 for connection to a first cooling line 12. The expansion tank further comprises a second chamber 6 with a second fluid pressure P2 and the expansion tank 1 comprises a second fluid connector 7 in fluid connection with the second chamber 2 for connection to a second cooling line 13. The first chamber 2 and the second chamber 6 are in fluid connection with each other via a pressure actuated two-way valve 9 that acts as a one-way valve open in the direction towards the second chamber 6 at differential pressures between the second fluid pressure P2 and the first fluid pressure P1 below a first predetermined differential pressure threshold DP1 and opens also in the direction towards the first chamber 2 at differential pressures above the first predetermined differential pressure threshold PD1.

[0040] The expansion tank 1 comprises an internal division wall 8 between the first chamber 2 and the second chamber 6, wherein the internal division wall 8 has a first side surface 81 and a second side surface 82 opposite the first side surface, wherein the first side surface delimits the first chamber and the second side surface delimits the second chamber.

[0041] The internal division wall 8 comprises an opening 83 forming a fluid connection between the first chamber and the second chamber and wherein the pressure actuated two-way valve 9 is arranged in the opening.

[0042] As the liquid in the first cooling line 12 or the second cooling line 13 expands, it will be able to expand in the first chamber 2 and the second chamber 6, respectively via the first fluid connector 3 and the second fluid connector 7, respectively. Above the first predetermined differential pressure threshold DP1, i.e. when the pressure P2 in the second chamber 6 is relatively higher than the pressure P1 in the first chamber by a certain amount, the pressure actuated valve 9 will open so that liquid from the second chamber can enter the first chamber 2. The first fluid connector 3 and the second fluid connector 7 are in FIG. 2 indicated to be valves that can be closed. However, the connectors do not need to be a closeable valve. It could also be a nozzle or any other suitable connector for attaching a cooling line.

[0043] The expansion tank can be used for two different fluid cooling lines with different pressures in the two cooling lines saving space in the vehicle. If the liquid in the high pressure second chamber expands it will be able to expand into the first chamber.

[0044] The first predetermined differential pressure threshold DP1 is in the range of 0.2 bar to 3 bar above atmospheric pressure. The exact setting for the pressure actuated two-way valve 9 is determined by the type of vehicle and the components that are to be temperature controlled by the first cooling line 12 and the second cooling line 13, respectively. The first predetermined differential pressure threshold DP1 is in preferred embodiment around 0.7 bar.

[0045] The first chamber 2 further comprises a filling cap 4 for filling the expansion tank 1 with fluid 5. The filling cap 4 further comprises an over pressure valve 41 opening towards the environment for releasing fluid at differential pressures between the first fluid pressure P1 in the first container 2 and the ambient air pressure AP above a second predetermined differential pressure threshold pressure DP2. If the first cooling line 12 and the first chamber 2 for some reason reaches a dangerous over pressure, the over pressure valve 41 will open and let fluid in the second chamber out. The second predetermined differential pressure threshold DP2 is in the range of 0 bar to 1.5 bar depending on the desired operating pressure of the first cooling line 12.

[0046] FIG. 3A shows a possible embodiment of the pressure actuated two-way valve used in the present disclosure. The upper channel 94 contains a ball 91 and a spring 93. The lower channel 95 contains a ball 92 and a spring 94. In FIG. 3A the valve is closed in both directions as it is when the pressure is low on both sides of the valve.

[0047] FIG. 3B shows the same example pressure actuated two-way valve as in FIG. 3A when pressure P1 is greater than the pressure P2 and the valve is open in the direction of the second chamber 6. The pressure P1 in the first chamber 2 has overcome the spring force of the spring 93 so that the ball 91 has moved and opened the valve section 94. The arrows indicate the flow direction through the pressure actuated two-way valve 9.

[0048] FIG. 3C shows the pressure actuated two-way valve of FIG. 3A when pressure P1 is less than the pressure P2, but above the first predetermined differential pressure threshold DP1, so that the pressure actuated two-way valve 9 is open towards the first chamber 2 of the expansion tank 1. The pressure P2 in the second chamber 6 has overcome the spring force of the spring 94 so that the ball 92 has moved and opened the valve section 95. The arrows indicate the flow direction through the pressure actuated two-way valve 9.

[0049] Referring to FIG. 4, an embodiment is shown where the expansion tank 1 further comprises a third fluid connector 31 in fluid connection with the first chamber 2 for connection to the first cooling line 12. The first fluid connector 3 and the third fluid connector 31 act as inlet and outlet, respectively, for cooling fluid, or the other way around. The expansion tank 1 further comprises a fourth fluid connector 71 in fluid connection with the second chamber 2 for connection to the second cooling line 12. The second fluid connector 7 and the fourth fluid connector 71 act as inlet and outlet, respectively, for cooling fluid, or the other way around. The chambers of the respective cooling lines are then in included in the fluid flow pass which help getting rid of any gas trapped that may be trapped in the cooling lines.

[0050] The second aspect of this disclosure is shown in FIG. 5 and discloses a coolant system 11 for electric circuits in a vehicle with an electric drive line comprising an expansion tank 1 according to the first aspect. Further to the components of the expansion tank of the first aspect, the system comprises a first cooling line 12 for cooling a battery 16 and a second cooling line 13 for cooling a motor 17, 18. The first cooling line 12 is connected to the first fluid connector 31 of the expansion tank 1 and the second cooling line 13 is connected in parallel to the expansion tank 1 via the connectors 7 and 71. The first cooling line 12 further comprises a first circulation pump 14 for circulating the fluid in the first cooling line. The first cooling line also comprises a heat exchanger 19 for reducing the temperature in the first cooling line. The second cooling line 13 further comprises a second circulation pump 15 for circulating the fluid in the second cooling line 13. The second cooling line also comprises a heat exchanger 20 for reducing the temperature in the second cooling line. The fluid in the first cooling line 12 and the fluid in the second fluid line may thus expand in the first chamber 2 and the second chamber 6, respectively, of the expansion tank 1.

[0051] A further embodiment of the second aspect of this disclosure is shown in FIG. 6. A coolant system 11 for electric circuits in a vehicle with an electric drive line is disclosed comprising an expansion tank 1 according to the first aspect. Further to the components of the expansion tank of the first aspect, the system comprises a first cooling line 12 for cooling a battery 16 and a second cooling line 13 for cooling a motor 17, 18. The first cooling line 12 is connected to the first fluid connector 3 of the expansion tank 1 and the second cooling line 13 is connected to the second fluid connector 7 of the expansion tank 1. The first cooling line 12 further comprises a first circulation pump 14 for circulating the fluid in the first cooling line. The first cooling line also comprises a heat exchanger 19 for reducing the temperature in the first cooling line. The second cooling line 13 further comprises a second circulation pump 15 for circulating the fluid in the second cooling line 15. The second cooling line also comprises a heat exchanger 20 for reducing the temperature in the second cooling line. The fluid that is filled into the expansion tank 1 is water with an optional anti-freezing component.

[0052] The vehicle having the system of the second aspect installed may have a motor 17 that is an Internal Combustion Engine but it may also have an electric motor 18. The vehicle may also be a hybrid vehicle with dual engines and a large battery, where both engines and the battery may need liquid cooling. In some embodiments one cooling line may be used for cooling two different components as e.g. an electric engine and high voltage battery.

[0053] The third aspect of this disclosure shows a method for filling the expansion tank the first aspect or the coolant system 11 according to the second aspect. With reference to FIG. 7 the method comprises the steps of evacuating S1 the expansion tank 1 creating a low pressure or vacuum forcing the pressure actuated two-way valve 9 to open and filling S2 the expansion tank with the liquid 5 during low pressure. When both fluid lines are empty, e.g. when the vehicle is new and is prepared for first use, the cooling lines need to be filled. To force the pressure actuated two-way valve 9 to open a low pressure can be applied to the first chamber 2 of the expansion tank 1. The cooling liquid may then be filled into both lines via the filling cap of the first chamber 2.

[0054] The person skilled in the art realizes that the present disclosure is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above. The person skilled in the art further realizes that modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the appended claims. For example, if a vehicle would need three cooling lines, e.g. for dual drive lines and a battery, the expansion tank could have three chambers and two pressure actuated two-way valves. Vehicles with more than two drive lines may also need three or more cooling lines. A person skilled in the art realizes that the disclosed expansion tank can be realized with any number of chambers within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0055] Additionally, variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by the skilled person in practicing the claims, and from a study of the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims.