Polyamide 5X fiber, preparation method thereof, and use thereof

Abstract

The present application discloses a polyamide 5X fiber, wherein raw materials for producing the polyamide 5X fiber comprise at least 1,5-pentane diamine and a long carbon chain diacid; or comprises a polyamide 5X obtained by the polymerization of 1,5-pentane diamine and a long carbon chain diacid as monomers. The 1,5-pentane diamine or the long carbon chain diacid are produced from bio-based raw materials by a fermentation process or an enzymatic conversion process; and the long carbon chain diacid is at least one of C6-20 aliphatic long carbon chain diacids. The long carbon chain diacid is at least one of C6-20 aliphatic long carbon chain diacids. The polyamide 5X fiber includes pre-oriented yarns, drawn textured yarns, fully drawn yarns, staple fibers, industrial yarns, continuous bulked filaments and monofilaments, preferably pre-oriented yarns, drawn textured yarns and/or fully drawn yarns. The raw materials used for producing the polyamide 5X resin are prepared by biological processes, and are green materials. The polyamide 5X fiber has good mechanical properties, dimensional stability, softness, quick-drying performance and dyeing properties.

Claims

1. A polyamide 510 fiber, characterized in that raw materials for producing the polyamide 510 fiber comprise at least 1,5-pentane diamine and sebacic acid; or comprises a polyamide 510 resin obtained by the polymerization of 1,5-pentane diamine and sebacic acid as monomers, wherein (i) the polyamide 510 resin has a relative viscosity of 2.2-2.8; (ii) the polyamide 510 resin has an oligomer content of 1.0 wt % or less; (iii) the polyamide 510 resin has a moisture content of 100-1200 ppm; (iv) the polyamide 510 resin has a number average molecular weight of 20000-45000; and (v) the polyamide 510 resin has a molecular weight distribution of 1.5-2.2.

2. The polyamide 510 fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that the 1,5-pentane diamine and/sebacic acid are produced from bio-based raw materials by a fermentation process or an enzymatic conversion process.

3. The polyamide 5X fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that (i) the polyamide 510 resin has a relative viscosity of 2.4-2.7; or (ii) the polyamide 510 resin has an oligomer content of 0.8 wt % or less; or (iii) the polyamide 510 resin has a moisture content of 300-800 ppm; or (iv) the polyamide 510 resin has a number average molecular weight of 28000-43000; or (v) the polyamide 510 resin has a molecular weight distribution of 1.6-1.8.

4. The polyamide 510 fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that the polyamide 510 fiber includes pre-oriented yarns, drawn textured yarns, fully drawn yarns, staple fibers, industrial yarns, continuous bulked filaments and monofilaments.

5. The polyamide 510 fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that the polyamide 510 fiber is polyamide 510 pre-oriented yarn, and the polyamide 510 pre-oriented yarn has a fineness of 10-350 dtex; or the polyamide 510 pre-oriented yarn has a break strength of 3.0-4.2 cN/dtex; or the polyamide 510 pre-oriented yarn has a modulus of 20.0-35.0 cN/dtex; or the polyamide 510 pre-oriented yarn has an elongation at break of 60-90%; or the polyamide 510 pre-oriented yarn has a shrinkage in boiling water of 8% or less.

6. The polyamide 510 fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that the polyamide 5X fiber is polyamide 510 drawn textured yarn, and the polyamide 510 drawn textured yarn has a fineness of 10-200 dtex; or the polyamide 510 drawn textured yarn has a break strength of 3.5-5.3 cN/dtex; or the polyamide 510 drawn textured yarn has a modulus of 22.0-38.0 cN/dtex; or the polyamide 510 drawn textured yarn has an elongation at break of 20-50%; or the polyamide 510 drawn textured yarn has a shrinkage in boiling water of 7% or less; or the polyamide 510 drawn textured yarn has a moisture regain of 2.2% or less; or the polyamide 510 drawn textured yarn has a crimp contraction of 35-55%; or the polyamide 510 drawn textured yarn has a crimp stability of 38-58%; or the polyamide 510 drawn textured yarn has a dye uptake of 90% or more; or a dyeing temperature for the polyamide 510 drawn textured yarn is 80-115 C.

7. The polyamide 510 fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that the polyamide 510 fiber is polyamide 510 fully drawn yarn, and the polyamide 510 fully drawn yarn has a fineness of 10-350; or the polyamide 510 fully drawn yarn has a break strength of 4.0-6.0 cN/dtex; or the polyamide 510 fully drawn yarn has a modulus of 24.0-38.0 cN/dtex; or, the polyamide 510 fully drawn yarn has an elongation at break of 20-60; or the polyamide 510 fully drawn yarn has a shrinkage in boiling water of 10% or less; or the polyamide 510 fully drawn yarn has a moisture regain of 2.2% or less; or the polyamide 510 fully drawn yarn has a dye uptake of 90% or more; or a dyeing temperature for the polyamide 510 fully drawn yarn is 80-115 C.

Description

MODE OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

(1) In order to render the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described hereinafter with reference to the Examples. Obviously, the Examples described are only part but not all of the Examples of the present disclosure. All other Examples obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the examples in the present disclosure without inventive work shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

(2) (1) Fineness: measured according to GB/T 14343 [Testing Process for Linear Density of Man-made Filament Yarns].

(3) (2) Break Strength: measured according to GB/T 14344-2008.

(4) (3) Elongation at Break: measured according to GB/T 14344-2008.

(5) (4) Modulus: measured according to GB/T 14344-2008.

(6) (5) Relative Viscosity:

(7) The relative viscosity of polyamide 510 resin is measured by concentrated sulfuric acid method using an Ubbelohde viscometer in the following manner: precisely weighing 0.250.0002 g dried polyamide 510 resin sample, adding 50 mL concentrated sulfuric acid (96%) for dissolution. The flow-through time t0 of the concentrated sulfuric acid and the flow-through time t of polyamide 510 chip or its staple fiber solution are measured and recorded in a water bath at a constant temperature of 25 C.

(8) Relative viscosity is calculated according to the following equation:
relative viscosity VN=t/t0;

(9) t represents the flow-through time of the solution;

(10) t0 represents the flow-through time of the solvent.

(11) (6) Moisture Content: measured by using a Karl-Fischer moisture titrator.

(12) (7) Oil Content: Soxhlet Extraction Method, GB/T 6504 [Man-made Fiber Test Process for Oil Content].

(13) (8) Shrinkage in Boiling Water: referring to GB/6505-2008 [Testing Process for Thermal Shrinkage of Man-made Filament Yarns]. In particular, a polyamide 5X fiber segment is taken. A pretension force of 0.050.005 cN/dtex is applied. In the middle of the fiber, it is marked at two points spaced 50.00 cm apart from each other. The marked fiber is wrapped with gauze and boiled in boiling water for 30 minutes. The sample is then baked to dry, and the difference in its length before and after the boiling is measured.

(14) (9) Dye-uptake: the method for measuring the dye-uptake is as follows: Acid Red is used for dyeing. The pH is adjusted to 4.0-6.0, the temperature of the dyeing tank is 40-95 C., and the difference in the concentration of the dye liquor before and after dyeing is measured by using a spectrophotometer.
Dye-uptake (%)=(A0At)/A0100%;

(15) wherein A0 represents the absorbance value of the characteristic absorption peak of the dye before treatment, and At represents the absorbance value of the dye at the treatment time t.

(16) (10) Moisture Regain: the method for measuring moisture regain is as follows. A washed polyamide 5X fiber in a loose state is placed into an oven for drying. The dried polyamide 5X fiber sample is placed in the standard atmosphere specified in GB/T6529 for conditioning until equilibrium, and humidified for 2 hours. The sample after washing and humidifying is measured for moisture regain. The method for measuring moisture regain is performed according to GB/T6503, wherein the drying temperature of the oven is 105 C. and the drying time is 1 hour.

(17) (11) Oligomer Content Test: water extraction method (gravimetry): about 8 g polyamide 510 resin that has been dried at 130 C. for 7 hours is precisely weighed, and placed into a 500 mL round bottom flask. 400 g of water is added. After refluxing for 36 hours in a heating mantle, the solution is decanted, and the particles are dried at 130 C. for 7 hours in a weight-constant beaker, and then sealed into an aluminum-plastic bag. Upon cooling and weighing, the weight loss is calculated.

(18) (12) Crimp Contraction and Crimp Stability Test: it is measured according to GB/T 6506 [Synthetic Fibre-test Process for Crimp Contraction Properties of Textured Filament Yarns].

Example 1. Preparation of Polyamide 510 Pre-Oriented Yarn

(19) The polyamide 510 pre-oriented yarn was prepared by a process comprising the following steps:

(20) (1) heating a polyamide 510 resin into a molten state with a screw to form a polyamide 510 melt;

(21) (2) conveying the polyamide 510 melt into a spinning beam through a melt pipeline, precisely metering the melt with a metering pump, and then injecting it into a spin pack, and extruding it through a spinneret orifice; and

(22) (3) cooling, finishing, drawing and winding the extruded as-spun fiber to obtain the polyamide 510 pre-oriented yarn.

(23) In Step (1), the polyamide 510 resin had a relative viscosity of 2.5; the polyamide 510 resin had an oligomer content of 0.6 wt %; the polyamide 510 resin had a moisture content of 500 ppm; a number average molecular weight of 35000, and a molecular weight distribution of 1.7.

(24) In Step (1), the screw was heated with four zones, wherein the temperature of the first zone was 220 C.; the temperature of the second zone was 230 C.; the temperature of the third zone was 245 C.; and the temperature of the fourth zone was 250 C.

(25) In Step (2), the temperature of the spinning beam was 253 C.; and the pressure of the pack was 15 MPa.

(26) In Step (3), the cooling was cooling with cross air blow; the air speed was 0.5 m/s; and the air temperature was 20 C.;

(27) the finishing was conducted with an oil nozzle; and the finish level was 0.5 wt %; and

(28) the winding speed was 4300 m/min.

Comparative Example 1-1

(29) Comparative Example 1-1 was substantively the same as Example 1, except that the polyamide 510 resin had a relative viscosity of 2.0.

Comparative Example 1-2

(30) Comparative Example 1-2 was substantively the same as Example 1, except that the polyamide 510 resin had a moisture content of 1500 ppm.

Comparative Example 1-3

(31) Comparative Example 1-3 was substantively the same as Example 1, except that the polyamide 510 resin had an oligomer content of 1.5 wt %.

Comparative Example 1-4

(32) Comparative Example 1-4 was substantively the same as Example 1, except that the polyamide 510 resin had a molecular weight distribution of 2.5.

Comparative Example 1-5

(33) Comparative Example 1-5 was substantively the same as Example 1, except that in Step (1), the screw was heated with four zones, wherein the temperature of the first zone was 250 C.; the temperature of the second zone was 260 C.; the temperature of the third zone was 275 C.; and the temperature of the fourth zone was 280 C.;

Comparative Example 1-6

(34) Comparative Example 1-6 was substantively the same as Example 1, except that in Step (3), the air speed was 0.2 m/s.

Comparative Example 1-7

(35) Comparative Example 1-7 was substantively the same as Example 1, except that in Step (3), the air temperature was 30 C.

Comparative Example 1-8

(36) Comparative Example 1-8 was substantively the same as Example 1, except that the winding speed was 3500 m/min.

Comparative Example 1-8

(37) Comparative Example 1-8 was substantively the same as Example 1, except that the finish level of the oil nozzle was 0.3 wt %.

Example 2

(38) The polyamide 510 pre-oriented yarn obtained in Example 1 was prepared into a drawn textured yarn in the following steps: firstly, directing a polyamide 510 pre-oriented yarn to a first roller with a guide, and thermally drawing the pre-oriented yarn in a first hot box; then cooling and setting the pre-oriented yarn with a cooling plate, conveying it through a false twister, a second roller, a third roller, and an interlacing device, and finishing the pre-oriented yarn; and finally winding the pre-oriented yarn to obtain a polyamide 510 drawn textured yarn.

(39) The drawing ratio was 1.3; and the drawing temperature was 180 C.;

(40) the speed ratio D/Y of the false twister was 1.65;

(41) the pressure of the compressed air in the interlacing device was 0.6 MPa; and

(42) the winding speed was 650 m/min; and the winding overfeed was 3%.

Comparative Example 2-1

(43) Comparative Example 2-1 was substantively the same as Example 2, except that the drawing ratio was 1.1, and the drawing temperature was 120 C.;

Comparative Example 2-2

(44) Comparative Example 2-2 was substantively the same as Example 2, except that the speed ratio D/Y of the false twister was 1.2.

Comparative Example 2-3

(45) Comparative Example 2-3 was substantively the same as Example 2, except that the winding speed was 900 m/min.

Comparative Examples 2-4

(46) Comparative Example 2-4 was substantively the same as Example 2, except that the overfeed was 0.

Example 3 Polyamide 510 FDY Fiber

(47) Example 3 was substantively the same as Example 1, except that a thermal setting process was comprised prior to the winding, the thermal setting temperature was 180 C., the finishing was conducted with an oil nozzle; the finish level was 1.0 wt %; the drawing ratio was 1.6; and the winding speed was 4600 m/min.

Comparative Example 3-1

(48) Comparative Example 3-1 was substantively the same as Example 3, except that the setting temperature was 135 C.

Comparative Example 3-2

(49) Comparative Example 3-2 was substantively the same as Example 3, except that the winding speed was 4000 m/min.

Example 4: Preparation of Polyamide 512 Pre-Oriented Yarn

(50) The polyamide 512 pre-oriented yarn was prepared by a process comprising the following steps:

(51) (1) heating a polyamide 512 resin into a molten state with a screw to form a polyamide 512 melt;

(52) (2) conveying the polyamide 512 melt into a spinning beam through a melt pipeline, precisely metering the melt with a metering pump, and then injecting it into a spin pack, and extruding it through a spinneret orifice; and

(53) (3) cooling, finishing, drawing and winding the extruded as-spun fiber to obtain the polyamide 512 pre-oriented yarn.

(54) In Step (1), the polyamide 512 resin had a relative viscosity of 2.4; the polyamide 512 resin had an oligomer content of 0.6 wt %; the polyamide 512 resin had a moisture content of 500 ppm; a number average molecular weight of 28000, and a molecular weight distribution of 1.8; and

(55) the screw was heated with four zones, wherein the temperature of the first zone was 220 C.; the temperature of the second zone was 230 C.; the temperature of the third zone was 245 C.; and the temperature of the fourth zone was 250 C.

(56) In Step (2), the temperature of the spinning beam was 253 C.; and the pressure of the pack was 15 MPa.

(57) In Step (3), the cooling was cooling with cross air blow; the air speed was 0.5 m/s; and the air temperature was 20 C.;

(58) the finishing was conducted with an oil nozzle; and the finish level was 0.5 wt %; and

(59) the winding speed was 4300 m/min.

Example 5: Preparation of Polyamide 516 Pre-Oriented Yarn

(60) The polyamide 516 pre-oriented yarn was prepared by a process comprising the following steps:

(61) (1) heating a polyamide 516 resin into a molten state with a screw to form a polyamide 516 melt;

(62) (2) conveying the polyamide 516 melt into a spinning beam through a melt pipeline, precisely metering the melt with a metering pump, and then injecting it into a spin pack, and extruding it through a spinneret orifice; and

(63) (3) cooling, finishing, drawing and winding the extruded as-spun fiber to obtain the polyamide 516 pre-oriented yarn.

(64) In Step (1), the polyamide 516 resin had a relative viscosity of 2.4; the polyamide 516 resin had an oligomer content 0.6 wt %; the polyamide 516 resin had a moisture content of 500 ppm; a number average molecular weight of 28000, and a molecular weight distribution of 1.8; and

(65) the screw was heated with four zones, wherein the temperature of the first zone was 220 C.; the temperature of the second zone was 230 C.; the temperature of the third zone was 245 C.; and the temperature of the fourth zone was 250 C.

(66) In Step (2), the temperature of the spinning beam was 253 C.; and the pressure of the pack was 15 MPa.

(67) In Step (3), the cooling was cooling with cross air blow; the air speed was 0.5 m/s; and the air temperature was 20 C.;

(68) the finishing was conducted with an oil nozzle; and the finish level was 0.5 wt %; and

(69) the winding speed was 4300 m/min.

(70) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Performance Test Results of the Fibers in Each Example and Comparative Example Break Elongation Shrinkage Moisture Crimping Crimping Fineness Strength Modulus at Break in boiling Regain Contraction Stability Dye-uptake No. (dtx) (cN/dtex) (cN/dtex) (%) water (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) Example1 95 3.6 26.8 80.5 7.0 2.1 / / / Comparative 95 2.7 36.4 78.6 8.8 2.3 / / / Example 1-1 Comparative 95 2.8 37.0 79.0 9.0 2.4 / / / Example 1-2 Comparative 95 2.7 38.2 81.2 9.5 2.5 / / / Example 1-3 Comparative 95 2.8 36.8 80.2 8.9 2.4 / / / Example 1-4 Comparative 95 2.7 35.9 79.4 9.2 2.4 / / / Example 1-5 Comparative 95 3.0 38.0 78.5 8.7 2.5 / / / Example 1-6 Comparative 95 2.9 37.4 81.4 8.8 2.3 / / / Example 1-7 Comparative 95 2.6 36.5 79.4 9.0 2.5 / / / Example 1-8 Example 2 77 4.2 30.5 28.2 6.0 2.1 48.5 52.3 95.6 Comparative 77 3.3 37.8 28.5 8.0 2.3 32.2 34.4 88.4 Example 2-1 Comparative 77 3.2 36.5 27.9 8.2 2.4 32.5 33.3 87.2 Example 2-2 Comparative 77 3.4 38.2 28.4 8.5 2.5 32.8 32.9 86.5 Example 2-3 Comparative 77 3.3 37.5 28.7 8.3 2.3 30.5 33.0 87.6 Example 2-4 Example 3 77 5.3 33.5 40.5 7.8 2.1 / / 94.8 Comparative 77 4.5 38.4 40.3 9.4 2.3 / / 88.5 Example 3-1 Comparative 77 4.2 37.2 40.8 9.5 2.4 / / 87.2 Example 3-2 Example 4 77 3.5 25.4 80.3 7.2 1.8 / / 85.2 Example 5 77 3.4 23.8 80.5 7.3 1.0 / / 78.5