Tire composition

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a method and manufacturing method for a tire tread composition having absorption properties with high electric conductivity and excellent wear resistance. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to the fabrication of a tire composition to be used as a non-pneumatic tire, the tire composition can be used as a mobile electrode with a water supply means that can identify the location of defects in the buried conductor using the tire electrode manufacturing with improved conductivity and contact resistance with the ground even though the tire compound has wear resistance by lowering the water swelling rate compared to the previous technology.

Claims

1. A tire electrode comprising: strips made by a conductive hydrophilic tire composition; an electric wire embedded between the strips; and a groove formed in a direction perpendicular to an outer circumferential surface of the strips configured to form a water film during movement, wherein the conductive hydrophilic tire composition comprises: a polar rubber having an amount of 10 to 100 parts by weight of based on 100 parts by weight of the total rubber component; a water swelling material having an amount of 1 to 10 parts by weight of based on 100 parts by weight of the total rubber component; a carbon black having an amount of 5 to 30 parts by weight of based on 100 parts by weight of the total rubber component; and a silica having an amount of 2 to 10 parts by weight of based on 100 parts by weight of the total rubber component, wherein the tire electrode is prepared by the steps of, forming the conductive hydrophilic tire composition into the strips before curing, laminating the strips in a plurality of layers, embedding the electric wire between the strips and connecting to a measuring device.

2. The tire electrode of claim 1, wherein the tire electrode is attached to a traction type device, by reducing tire friction resistance due to weight reduction to improve a wear rate.

3. The tire electrode of claim 1, wherein the tire electrode is installed together with a separate driving tire, to improve a wear rate by reducing a weight burden to improve a wear rate.

4. The tire electrode of claim 1, wherein the tire electrode is installed together with a vertical adjustment device and is measuring by contacting the ground surface when necessary.

5. A movable defect location detection device comprising the tire electrode according to claim 1.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the nature of the mold design and approach that may be employed to obtain a non-pneumatic curing tire with permanently embedded lead wires.

(2) FIG. 2 is a showing the characteristics of the final product after manufacturing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

(3) FIG. 3 is a side view comparing the present disclosure and the prior art.

(4) FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a recognition circuit for detecting a leakage potential difference according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

(5) FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing a method of measuring the ground leakage state and the leakage power in real time according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

(6) FIG. 6 is a side view of a trailer equipped with a separate driving tire and an auxiliary tire electrode installed to reduce abrasion of the tire electrode during driving according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

(7) FIG. 7 is a rear view of a trailer equipped with a separate running tire and an auxiliary tire electrode installed to reduce abrasion of the tire electrode during operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(8) [Modes of the Invention]

(9) Various embodiments and/or aspects are now disclosed with reference to the drawings. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of one or more aspects. However, it will also be recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art of this disclosure that such aspect(s) may be practiced without these specific details.

(10) The following description and accompanying drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative aspects of one or more aspects. These aspects are illustrative, however, and some of the various methods in principles of various aspects may be employed, and the descriptions set forth are intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents.

Glossary of Terms

(11) S-SBR: Solution polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber NR: Natural Rubber ENR: Epoxide Natural Rubber XNBR: carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber BR: polybutadiene rubber GECO: epichlorohydrin polyethylene oxide allyl glycidyl ether EC600JD, N550, N220: Different types of carbon black with specifications described TDAE: Treated Distillate Aromatic Extract S/T: Stearic acid TMQ: 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,2-Dihydroquinoline polymer 6PPD: 1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine CZ: N-Cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulfonamide TMTD: Tetramethyl thiuram disulfide E-80: Retarder PVA: polyvinylalcohol PVP: Polyvinylpyrrolidone CSP: Crosslinked sodium polyacrylate CF: Cellulose Fibers

PREPARATION EXAMPLE. PREPARATION OF TIRE COMPOSITION

(12) A tire composition was prepared with the materials and composition ratios shown in Tables 1 to 4 below. Specifically, the rubber blend excluding the accelerator, activator and hardener was mixed with the reinforcing material (first mixing step). The accelerator, activator and/or curing agent are then mixed (second mixing step). The first mixing step was performed at about 90° C. for 5 minutes, and the second mixing step was performed at about 50° C. for 2 minutes. In order to achieve optimal physico-mechanical properties and obtain a homogeneous mixture, it is preferable to subject the rubber component and other components to a two-roll mill for a controlled period of time.

(13) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 composition/code S1 S2 S3 S4 NR 15 73 15 40 BR 10 15 73 15 GECO 73 10 10 40 PEO — 2 — — PVC 0.5~50 — — — CSP — — 0.5~50 — CF — — — 0.5~50 ZnO 4 4 4 4 TMTD 1 1 1 1 CZ 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 EC600JD 26 26 26 26 N550 — — 4 4 N220 4 4 — — silica 2 2 2 2 silane 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 sulfur 2 2 2 2 S/T 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 6PPD 1 1 1 1 TMQ 2 2 2 2 wax 1 1 1 1 TDAE   5~35 5~35   5~35   5~35

(14) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 composition/code A1 A2 A3 A4 ENR 100 70 30 50 XNBR 0 30 70 50 PEO 0.5~50 — — — PVP — 0.5~50 — — CSP — — 0.5~50 — CF — — — 0.5~50 ZnO 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 TMTD 1 1 1 1 CZ 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 EC600JD 20 20 20 20 N550 7 7 7 7 N220 3 3 3 3 silica 5 5 5 5 silane 2 2 2 2 sulfur 2 2 2 2 S/T 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 6PPD 1 1 1 1 TMQ 2 2 2 2 E-80 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 wax 1 1 1 1 TDAE — — — — Glycerol 5 5 5 5 Plasthall P-900   6~50   6~50   6~50   6~50

(15) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 composition/code B1 B2 B3 B4 GECO 100 70 30 50 XNBR 0 30 70 50 PEO 0.5~50 — 40 60 PVP — 0.5~50 — — CSP — — 0.5~50 — CF — — — 0.5~50 ZnO 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 TMTD 1 1 1 1 CZ 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 EC600JD 20 20 20 20 N550 7 7 7 7 N220 3 3 3 3 silica 5 5 5 5 silane 2 2 2 2 sulfur 2 2 2 2 S/T 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 6PPD 1 1 1 1 TMQ 2 2 2 2 E-80 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 wax 1 1 1 1 Glycerol 5 5 5 5 Plasthall P-900   6~50   6~50   6~50   6~50

(16) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 composition/code C1 C2 C3 C4 EVA 100 70 30 50 XNBR 0 30 70 50 PEO 0.5~50 — 40 60 PVP — 0.5~50 — — CSP — — 0.5~50 — CF — — — 0.5~50 ZnO 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 TMTD 1 1 1 1 CZ 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 EC600JD 20 20 20 20 N550 7 7 7 7 N220 3 3 3 3 Silica 5 5 5 5 Silane 2 2 2 2 Sulfur 2 2 2 2 S/T 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 6PPD 1 1 1 1 TMQ 2 2 2 2 E-80 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 Wax 1 1 1 1 TDAE — — — — Glycerol 5 5 5 5 Plasthall P-900   6~50   6~50   6~50   6~50

EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE. PHYSICAL PROPERTY EVALUATION

(17) The physical properties of the tire composition of the above example and the commercial standard tire composition were measured.

(18) To evaluate the physical properties, after each tire sample manufactured was cut to an appropriate size, water swelling test, tensile strength test, electrical resistance measurement, and wear resistance measurement were performed. Specifically, in order to prepare a sample, the composition prepared in Preparation Example was sheeted out and vulcanized at 100 to 190° C. and preferably 120 to 160° C. in a moving die rheometer.

(19) Optimal vulcanization properties can be modified so that the resulting sample has the desired standard properties. Finally, 2.5 to 5.0 MPa, preferably 5.0 MPa, was applied in a hot-press and subjected to a standard procedure for testing physical properties.

Experimental Example 1. Water Swelling Test

(20) After cutting the sample to a thickness of about 3 cm×3 cm and 2 mm, the initial weight was weighed, and then the weight was weighed after absorption of water. The degree of expansion was calculated using the following formula, and the results are shown in Table 5 below.

(21) $\begin{array}{cc}\mathrm{swelling}\mathrm{degree};\mathrm{Sd}=\frac{u-v}{u}\times 100& \left[\mathrm{Calculation}\mathrm{formula}\right]\end{array}$

(22) V: initial weight of sample, u: final weight of sample.

Experimental Example 2. Tensile Strength Test

(23) Tensile strength (TS) measurements of cured specimens (10 cm×2 mm×2.5 cm) were performed using a QM100s machine (QMESYSTEM, Korea) at a crosshead speed of 500 mm/min and a temperature of 25° C. in ASTM D412 Performed according to standards. The tensioning machine was locked 2.5 cm from both ends of the sample and spaced about 5 mm apart. In operation, the fixed end stretches the sample so that the stress is applied over the remaining 5 mm distance until the stress is released (highest tensile strength). After entering the thickness and stress application area, the machine made and recorded tensile strength graphs versus elongation (mm/mm) or strain (100%), and a minimum of 3 samples was repeated and the average value recorded. The results are shown in Table 5 below.

Experimental Example 3. Electrical Resistance Measurement

(24) The surface electrical resistance of cured rectangular specimens (5 cm×1.5 cm×2 mm) was measured with a hand-held high-resistance meter. Care was taken to ensure that the surface of the specimen was in good contact with the electrode of the conduction tester. The distance between the conductivity electrodes of the tester was kept constant at about 2 cm. The measured resistance was converted to the volume resistivity ρv using the following formula, and the results are shown in Table 5 below.
Volume resistance (ρv)=(WtR)/(L)  [Calculation formula]

(25) W: width, t: thickness, L: distance between electrodes

Experimental Example 4. Measurement of Wear Resistance

(26) Wear resistance was measured using a DIN wear instrument (QMESYS Co. Ltd.). Specifically, a cylindrical rubber test piece (about 6 mm thick) was made and polished against a polishing surface mounted on a rotating cylindrical drum. The amount of rubber reduced in the specimen due to wear was measured. At least three samples are tested and averaged over one composition. By weighing the initial and final samples, the wear parts were determined in grams (g) or milligrams (mg). Considering the density of the specimen (constant: 1.0 g/m 3), the wear volume was calculated using the rate of change of mass with respect to density. The amount of wear was calculated using the following formula, and the results are shown in Table 5 below.
Wear=(M1−M2)/Density  [Calculation formula]

(27) TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Properties/codes S2 A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2 scorch time (t s2) 0.6  0.87 1.1  0.82  0.93  0.80  0.93 Cleanup time (T90) 2.0 7.2 10.1  5.3 13.9  14.5  13.9  M L (dNm) 18.7  18.4  16.9  19.4  19    13.9  19.0  M H (dNm) 31.7  68.4  45.0  76.5  70    55.2  74.5  tensile strength (MPa) 10.1  13.3  11.8  15.2  12    19.4  16.0  100% Modulus (MPa) 2.3 5.7 5.5 4.3 7   4.1 7.0 200% Modulus (MPa) 8.0 4.2 — 7.9 10    9.5 14.3  tensile at crushed (%) 395.5   260.6   189.6   361.3   250     382.9   223.6   Rebound At 25° C. 37.0  44.5  42.2  42.0  28.0  28.5  46.0  Hardness (shore A) 68.0  74.0  79.0  74.5  60    76.0  75    Wear Loss (mm 3) 190     185     190     200     160     180     169     Contact Angle ( o) 85.0  74.0  79.0  74.5  90    95    89.3  water swelling rate 2.4 20    30    25    40    30    70    (%) electric resistivity ( ′) 35.0  70.0  65    69    55    59    60.4  U

(28) As can be seen in Table 5, at high electric conductivity, relatively low water swelling properties were confirmed in S2 in a state where the contact angle measurement was poor. This shows that a higher TDAE content is needed to ensure effective mixing and proper dispersion of the filler within the blend. Therefore, it was confirmed that S2 is a suitable condition to satisfy the core purpose of the present disclosure. In order to manufacture a tire electrode having non-pneumatic conductivity and hydrophilicity using the composition prepared as described above, FIG. 1 explains hot plastic curing process using a hot press (Hot Press) of prepared mixture shows the materials shown in Tables 1 to 4 in a composition ratio using a two-roll mill. In other words, the mixture before curing is produced in the form of strips, while strips are being stacked the wire for external connection is buried between the strips, heat is applied at 100 to 190 Celsius degrees, 5 MPa pressure is applied, and after a certain period of time, curing process is completed.

(29) FIG. 2 shows a conductive hydrophilic tire that has been commercialized after the curing process of FIG. 1 has been completed. First, several connecting wires inserted between the strips have connected each other, and the wires are connected to an external measuring device. In addition, the surface of the tire electrode has grooves in a direction perpendicular to an outer peripheral surface of the tire electrode, so that water can be stored so that the water does not flow down the surface of the tire electrode. The water stored in this groove forms a thin water film on the outer surface of the tire electrode during rotation, improving conductivity when in contact with the ground.

(30) In this way, FIG. 3 explains in comparison with the previous technology in that an efficiency can be increased through resulting in lower resistance by making the tire electrode manufactured has improved electrical contact with the ground by using presented patent technology that the water film is formed on the outer peripheral surface while the tire electrode is rotating, although the proportion of water swelling material is lower than that of the previous technology.

(31) FIG. 4 illustrates the configuration of the tire electrode.

(32) In other words, FIG. 4 explains that tire electrode T is determined as a reference electrode and a configuration of measuring the earth potential values of V1, V2, and V3. In addition, a metal drive shaft is insulated between the electrodes so that measurement values of individual tire electrodes are maintained without interference.

(33) To reduce wear rate of the tire electrode, which is the purpose of the present disclosure, the tire electrode is connected to a trailer instead of a vehicle body, FIG. 5 shows a method for improving a wear rate that caused by friction when moving due to a weight burden.

(34) FIG. 6 shows a side view of the device to reduce wear and prolong the life of the tire electrode by making the tire electrode come into contact with the ground surface only at the measuring location, installed with a vertical adjustment device in case that running tire is attached, wherein the running tire bears the trailer load, separately from the tire electrode.

(35) FIG. 7 shows the rear surface of FIG. 6

(36) [Advantageous Effects]

(37) The present disclosure relates to a tread compound and a method for manufacturing the same for manufacturing a tire having high electrical conductivity and excellent wear resistance and absorption characteristics. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to the manufacture of a tire compound to be used as a non-pneumatic tire. Instead of lowering the water swelling absorbent, natural rubber is used as the main material of the polar rubber to improve wear resistance and maintain excellent conductivity. In addition, in order to reduce unnecessary wear and tear during operation, the tire electrode attached to the trailer, not the vehicle body, comes into contact with the ground and can be used as a moving electrode with water supply connected through the sensor to detect the underground leakage potential by the stray current.

(38) The description of the embodiments presented above is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to use or practice the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

(39) [Modes for Carrying Out the Invention]

(40) As described above, the relevant contents are described in the best mode for carrying out the invention.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

(41) The present disclosure relates to a tire tread composition having high electric conductivity and an absorption property having excellent wear resistance, and a method for manufacturing the same.