Automotive lift-off hinge with integrated door check

Abstract

An automotive lift-off hinge joint to rotationally connect an automotive door and body comprises first and second door side hinge brackets and a body side hinge bracket. A detent shaft is provided with an interiorly threaded intermediate portion adapted to receive a removable threaded fastener and with a shaped detent shaft feature adapted to engage a similarly shaped pyramidal portion of a guide pin fastened to the body side hinge bracket. The detent shaft is rotationally mounted within a cylindrical check mechanism and secured in relation to the first and second door side hinge brackets. Bushings in door side hinge bracket apertures allow rotation of portions of the detent shaft extending through the apertures. The pyramidal shaped portions are preferably square.

Claims

1. An automotive lift-off hinge joint to rotationally connect an automotive door and body, comprising: a first door side hinge bracket and a second door side hinge bracket; a body side hinge bracket; a detent shaft with a first end, a second end and a shaft hollow core provided with a shaped detent shaft feature and an interiorly threaded intermediate portion adapted to receive a removable threaded fastener; a first end bushing and a second end bushing located respectively adjacent the first end and the second end of the detent shaft; a cylindrical check mechanism with an open central core adapted to receive the first end and the intermediate portion of the detent shaft; said first end bushing and second end bushing being located between the detent shaft and the first and second door side hinge brackets respectively; the first end of the detent shaft being rotationally affixed to the first door side hinge bracket and the second end of the detent shaft being rotationally affixed to the second door side hinge bracket; a guide pin with a square base pyramidal shape at a central portion, a polygonal first portion, a polygonal second portion and a pin hollow core adapted to receive the removable threaded fastener; the first portion of the guide pin being non-rotationally affixed to the body side hinge bracket; the shaped detent shaft feature non-rotationally engaging the correspondingly shaped central portion of the guide pin; the second portion of the guide pin being received within a correspondingly shaped first section of the shaft hollow core without contact therebetween; such that when the fastener is fully tightened, a door is rotationally connected to a body and when the fastener is removed, the door may be removed from the body.

2. The automotive lift-off hinge joint of claim 1, wherein the polygonal first portion and second portion of the guide pin are square shaped.

3. The automotive lift-off hinge joint of claim 1, wherein the guide pin is fixed to the body side hinge bracket by swaging or staking.

4. The automotive lift-off hinge joint of claim 1, wherein the guide pin is fixed to the body side hinge bracket by welding or bonding.

5. The automotive lift-off hinge joint of claim 1, wherein the detent shaft is grooved and interacts rotationally with spring-loaded rollers in the check mechanism to generate a detent torque at multiple, discrete positions.

6. The automotive lift-off hinge joint of claim 1, wherein the first portion of the guide pin constitutes a tenon which is inserted into a correspondingly shaped opening in the body side hinge bracket and swaged to join the guide pin to the body side hinge bracket.

7. The automotive lift-off hinge joint of claim 1, wherein the corners of the polygonal first portion and second portion, and the square shaped central portion of the guide pin are rounded to facilitate smooth registration with the corresponding portions of the detent shaft and body side bracket with which they respectively mate.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the lift-off hinge with integrated door check of the invention.

(2) FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional elevation view of the lift-off hinge with integrated door check of the invention.

(3) FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional elevation view of the lift-off hinge with integrated door check of the invention through plane “2” of FIG. 1.

(4) FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the lift-off hinge with integrated door check of the invention.

(5) FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the guide pin and part of the body side hinge bracket of the invention prior to assembly to each other.

(6) FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the guide pin and part of the body side hinge bracket of the invention following assembly to each other.

(7) FIG. 7 is a perspective partially cut-away view of the guide pin and part of the body side hinge bracket of the invention following assembly to each other.

(8) FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the detent shaft of the invention.

(9) FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the guide pin and part of the body side hinge bracket of the invention following assembly to each other.

(10) FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the isolated detent shaft and the assembled guide pin and body side hinge bracket prior to attachment of the detent shaft to the guide pin.

(11) FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional elevation view of the assembled guide pin and body side hinge bracket with the detent shaft mounted thereto but not fastened.

(12) FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional elevation view of the assembled guide pin and body side hinge bracket with the detent shaft mounted thereto and fastened with the threaded fastener.

(13) FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional elevation view of the assembled lift-off hinge with integrated door check fastened to a schematic vehicle door, along with a lower lift-off hinge fastened to the vehicle door.

(14) The embodiments, examples and alternatives of the preceding paragraphs, the claims, or the following description and drawings, including any of their various aspects or respective individual features, may be taken independently or in any combination. Features described in connection with one embodiment are applicable to all embodiments, unless such features are incompatible.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(15) An automotive lift-off hinge with integrated door check 1 (also referred to simply as the automotive lift-off hinge) is adapted to rotationally connect a vehicle door 3 and a vehicle body (not illustrated). The lift-off hinge 1, as illustrated in FIG. 1, comprises a first door side hinge bracket 5, a second door side hinge bracket 7, and a body side hinge bracket 9. The hinge brackets are typically stamped from sheet metal but may be profile pieces formed using hot rolling, casting, etc.

(16) The lift-off hinge 1 further comprises a detent shaft 11 with a first end 13, a second end 15, and a shaft hollow core 12 provided with a shaped detent shaft feature 17. The isolated detent shaft 11 is illustrated, for example, in FIG. 8. In the shaft hollow core 12 adjacent the first end 13 is a first section 19 of the shaft hollow core 12. The shaft hollow core 12 of the detent shaft 11 further comprises and interiorly threaded intermediate portion 23.

(17) A threaded fastener 25, as illustrated in FIG. 4, is adapted to engage the interiorly threaded intermediate portion 23 of the detent shaft 11. The threaded fastener 25 is typically a bolt.

(18) The lift-off hinge 1 further comprises a cylindrical check mechanism 27 with an open central core 29. The cylindrical check mechanism 27 is illustrated, for example, in FIG. 3. The detent shaft 11 is adapted to rotate within the open central core 29 of the cylindrical check mechanism 27 by means of a first end bushing 31 and a second end bushing 33, as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3.

(19) A guide pin 35 is an integral element of the lift-off hinge 1. The guide pin 35 comprises a central portion 37 preferably having a square base pyramidal shape, a polygonal first portion 39 which is preferably square shaped and may comprise a tenon, a polygonal second portion 41 which is also preferably square shaped, and a pin hollow core 43. FIGS. 5 to 7, for example, illustrate the guide pin 35.

(20) The hinge is formed with a door side half and a body side half which are adapted to be removably attached to each other.

(21) Beginning with the body side half, FIG. 5 illustrates the polygonal first portion 39 of the guide pin 35 ready to be inserted into a correspondingly shaped opening or orifice 10 in the body side hinge bracket 9. To facilitate smooth engagement of the parts, the external corners of the polygonal first portion 39 of the guide pin 35 and the internal corners of the orifice 10 may be rounded. The guide pin 35 is inserted to its limit of travel when a surface of the square base pyramidal central portion 37 of the guide pin 35 abuts a facing surface of the body side hinge bracket 9. The four corners of the square base pyramidal central portion 37 provide multiple lines of contact for significant stability and strength on a solid base without deforming the body side hinge bracket 9. Following insertion, the guide pin 35 may be affixed to the body side hinge bracket 9 by swaging a protruding portion at the end of the polygonal first portion 39, or tenon. The swaged portion 40 of the tenon 39 is illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 10. Other methods of material upset, such as staking, or alternative methods such as welding, may also be employed to fix the guide pin 35 to the body side hinge bracket 9. FIGS. 7 and 9 illustrate the guide pin 35 fixed to the body side door bracket 9 from the opposite perspective of FIGS. 5 and 6. The partially cutaway view of FIG. 7 shows the pin hollow core 43 of the guide pin 35.

(22) Turning to the door side half, as illustrated in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, the cylindrical check mechanism 27 is constructed similarly to that described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,481,056. In the case of this invention, the cylindrical check mechanism 27 rests on the second door side hinge bracket 7 about a second orifice 8 in the second door side hinge bracket 7. The first end 13 of the detent shaft 11 is inserted through the second orifice 8 and the open central core 29 of the cylindrical check mechanism 27. The first door side hinge bracket 5 is then mounted over the first end 13 of the detent shaft 11 so that the first end 13 of the detent shaft 11 extends through the first orifice 6 in the first door side hinge bracket 5. A flange 16 at the second end 15 of the detent shaft 11 abuts the second door side hinge bracket 7 to limit further longitudinal movement of the detent shaft 11. A washer 14 is placed over the first end 13 of the detent shaft 11 and the first end 13 is then swaged over the washer to link the first door side hinge bracket 5 to the second door side hinge bracket 7. The cylindrical check mechanism 27 maintains the separation between the first and second door side hinge brackets 5, 7. Axial rotation of the detent shaft 11 within the first orifice 6 and second orifice 8 of the first door side hinge bracket 5 and the second door side hinge bracket 8 respectively is facilitated by first end bushing 31 and second end bushing 33.

(23) The door side half may be affixed to the automotive door 3 prior to or following assembly of the door side half as described above. The first door side hinge bracket 5 and the second door side hinge bracket 7 are typically bolted to the door 3 using conventional means. These brackets 5 and 7 may also be attached to the door 3 by welding or other suitable bonding means.

(24) Similarly, the body side half may be affixed to the automotive vehicle body prior to or following assembly of the body side half as described above. The body side hinge bracket 9 is typically bolted to the body using conventional means. The body bracket 9 may also be attached to the body by welding or other suitable bonding means.

(25) With the door side half and the body side half assembled and affixed to the door 3 and body respectively, the door side half may be removably attached to the body side half. The detent shaft 11 is adapted to engage the guide pin 35. Typically, the contact will take place at the central portion 37 of the guide pin 35 with a square base pyramidal shape, and the similarly shaped detent shaft feature 17 of the detent shaft 11 to create a form fit. Again, the square external corners or edges of the central portion 37 of the guide pin 35 and the internal corners of the detent shaft feature 17 may be rounded to facilitate sliding these parts into and out of engagement. Preferably, there is play between the non-contacting portions of the guide pin 35 and the shaft hollow core 12 of the detent shaft 11 so that precise registration is ensured at the contacting surfaces with no other surfaces competing for contact or interfering with such contact. The polygonal second portion 41 of the guide pin 11 acts as a guide feature and provides temporary retention of the first section 19 of the shaft hollow core 12 of the detent shaft 11 during hinge assembly.

(26) As described above, the door 3 may then be lifted off the body. The corresponding shaping of the guide pin 35 and the detent shaft 11 where they contact ensures that the door 3 will be registered precisely as previously with the body no matter how many times the door 3 is removed and replaced. As described above, the right angle indexing of the pyramidal guide pin 35 requires the door to be rehung in the correct position since rotating the door in either direction by 90 degrees would limit access to the hinge excessively or risk damage to the door. Although a square pyramidal shape for the guide pin 35 is preferred, a trilobal or hexagonal shape would also work.

(27) When the door 3 is ready to be rotationally and axially fixed to the body, the threaded fastener 25 is passed, typically, through a second washer 26, through the hollow core 43 of the guide pin 35 and into the interiorly threaded intermediate portion 23 of the detent shaft 11. Typically, the leading end 24 of the threaded fastener 25 is of lesser diameter than the interiorly threaded intermediate portion 23 of the detent shaft 11 so that the when the threaded fastener 25 is fully tightened into the interiorly threaded intermediate portion 23, its leading end 24 is not in contact with the detent shaft 11. Tightening the threaded fastener 25 forces the two pyramidal faces 37, 17 of the guide pin 35 and the detent shaft 11 respectively into firm engagement and restrains other degrees of freedom in order to generate a structural joint. The fastened joint is illustrated, for example, in FIGS. 2, 3 and 12.

(28) To achieve the door checking functionality of the lift-off hinge, the detent shaft 11 is provided with grooves or splines 18 which engage with spring loaded rollers in the open central core 29 of the cylindrical check mechanism 27 as the detent shaft 11 rotates within the cylindrical check mechanism. Interaction of the splines 18 and the spring loaded rollers in the open central core 29 creates detent torque which permits the door 3 to be checked in a number of discrete positions as it is rotated open and closed. As noted above, this form of door check integrated with a hinge is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,481,056.

(29) Although the illustrated lift-off hinge is preferably used with a check mechanism, it could be used without a check mechanism to prevent rotation of a pin during fastener tightening. The polygonal shapes described above facilitate this function.

(30) As illustrated in FIG. 13, a second hinge joint 45, typically the lower of a pair of hinges for each door, may be simpler than the typically upper lift-off hinge with integrated door check 1. A lower guide pin 47 mounted in the lower door side hinge bracket 49 may simply be fitted through lower body bracket orifice 51 in the lower body side hinge bracket 53. When the threaded fastener 25 is tightened in the upper hinge 1, the lower guide pin 47 in the lower hinge joint 45 is also necessarily constrained from vertical movement. The lower door side hinge bracket 49 and the lower body side hinge bracket 53 may rotate in relation to each other along with the upper first and second door side hinge brackets 6, 8 in relation to the upper body side hinge bracket 1. Alternatively, the lower hinge joint 45 can be fastened using conventional means, if warranted.

(31) While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, such illustration and description are to be considered illustrative or exemplary and not restrictive; the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Other variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the art and practicing the claimed invention, from a study of the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. In the claims, the word “comprising” does not exclude other elements, and the indefinite article “a” or “an” does not exclude a plurality. A single processor or controller or other unit may fulfil the functions of several items recited in the claims. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope.

(32) It should also be understood that although a particular component arrangement is disclosed in the illustrated embodiment, other arrangements will benefit herefrom. Although particular step sequences are shown, described, and claimed, it should be understood that steps may be performed in any order, separated or combined unless otherwise indicated and will still benefit from the present invention.

(33) Although the different examples have specific components shown in the illustrations, embodiments of this invention are not limited to those particular combinations. It is possible to use some of the components or features from one of the examples in combination with features or components from another one of the examples.

(34) Although an example embodiment has been disclosed, a worker of ordinary skill in this art would recognize that certain modifications would come within the scope of the claims. For that reason, the following claims should be studied to determine their true scope and content.