FREE COOLING AND HEATING SYSTEM

Abstract

Described herein is a free cooling and heating system for a multi-storey building. The system includes a plurality of temperature sensors configured to measure temperatures on different floors, an air handling unit (AHU) integrated with an HVAC unit, including at least one blower unit configured to transfer air between the different floors. The system further includes at least one motorized damper positioned within a Wye branch, with the Wye branch configured to connect the HVAC unit with the AHU to transfer conditioned air to the required floor, and a computing device operatively connected to the plurality of temperature sensors, the air handling unit, and the at least one motorized damper of the Wye branch.

Claims

1. A free cooling and heating system for a multi-storey building, the system comprising: a plurality of temperature sensors configured to measure temperatures on different floors; an air handling unit (AHU) integrated with a HVAC unit, and including at least one blower unit, the at least one blower unit configured to transfer air between the different floors; at least one motorized damper positioned within a Wye branch and configured to connect the HVAC unit with the AHU to transfer conditioned air to the required floor; an air duct system connecting the AHU, the Wye branch, the HVAC unit and the floor air distributing fittings; a controller; and a computing device operatively connected to the plurality of temperature sensors, the air handling unit, the HVAC unit and the at least one motorized damper, the computing device configured to: receive temperature data from the plurality of temperature sensors; determine when a predefined differential threshold is exceeded; activate the air handling unit to transfer air between different floors; regulate conditioned airflow through the at least one motorized damper; operate the HVAC unit; and dynamically adjust a speed of the at least one blower unit and a position of the at least one motorized damper based on at least one of real-time temperature data and user input.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the AHU includes a dual-blower configuration, the dual-blower configuration configured to transfer air between the different floors through corresponding air duct system.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the temperature sensors may be housed within the AHU.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the AHU is enclosed within an insulated housing, the insulated housing comprising: a sound-dampening layer configured to reduce operational noise levels; and an air-sealing layer configured to prevent air leakage from the AHU.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one blower unit of the air handling unit is configured to operate at variable speeds, dynamically adjusting airflow based on real-time temperature data and automatically pressure balancing the system.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the Wye branch fluidly connects the air duct system, the air handling unit (AHU), and the HVAC unit, wherein the Wye branch is configured to facilitate airflow, allowing selective mixing of conditioned air from the HVAC unit with the recirculated air through the duct system.

7. The system of claim 1, further comprising motorized dampers within the Wye branch configured to regulate the mixing of conditioned air from the HVAC unit with recirculated air, wherein the activation of the motorized dampers is dynamically controlled based on a detected deviation of the temperature differential from a predefined threshold.

8. The system of claim 1, further comprising an air filtration mechanism disposed within the AHU unit, the air filtration mechanism configured to prevent odor transfer between floors.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the computing device comprises a self-learning module, the self-learning module configured to predict HVAC startup times, to record historical HVAC operation data, learn HVAC operational trends, and generate a learning-based schedule and initiate preemptive start up of the AHU.

10. The system of claim 1, further comprising a wireless user interface operatively connected to the computing device, the wireless user interface configured to enable remote monitoring, manual overrides, and adjustment of system parameters.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the computing device is further configured to be connected to the thermostat or the control board of the HVAC unit.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein the computing device is further configured to activate the AHU, upon the discovery of temperature differential and deactivate the AHU upon achieving temperature equilibrium between floors.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein the computing device is configured to selectively control at least one motorized damper located in the Wye branch.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein the computing device is configured to operate the system in manual or automatic mode as per user selection at the controller.

15. The system of claim 1, wherein the computing device is configured to operate the system blower unit only at a selected speed when manual mode is selected from the controller.

16. A method for balancing temperature differentials between different floors in a multi-storey building, the method comprising: detecting, by a plurality of temperature sensors, temperature variations between floors; determining, by a computing device, whether a predefined temperature differential threshold is exceeded; activating, by the computing device, an air handling unit (AHU) to initiate airflow redistribution when the predefined temperature differential threshold is exceeded; operating, by the computing device, at least one motorized damper to regulate airflow from the HVAC unit; and monitoring, by the computing device, temperature variations and deactivating the system components when temperature equilibrium is achieved.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising activating a blower motor for a predefined duration, for after a predefined interval, to facilitate temperature detection on at least two floors, wherein the computing device calculates the temperature differential based on the acquired temperature readings.

18. The method of claim 16, further comprising learning, by the computing device, historical temperature fluctuations to preemptively adjust airflow redistribution before a predefined temperature differential threshold is exceeded.

19. The method of claim 16, wherein adjusting the at least one motorized damper further comprises modulating damper angles incrementally to optimize airflow while preventing sudden pressure changes.

20. The method of claim 16, further comprising determining, by the computing device, an optimal airflow rate based on detected temperature differentials.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the subject disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the subject disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the subject disclosure.

[0028] In the drawings, similar components and/or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label with a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If only the first reference label is used in the specification, the description applies to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label, irrespective of the second reference label.

[0029] FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic block diagram of the free cooling and heating system installed in a multi-storey building, having a Wye branch and integrated with an HVAC unit.

[0030] FIG. 2 illustrates a sectional view of the air handling unit (AHU) of FIG. 1.

[0031] FIG. 3 depicts an exemplary perspective view of the Wye branch which fluidly connects the air duct system, the air handling unit (AHU) and the HVAC unit of FIG. 1.

[0032] FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic block diagram of a computing device of the system, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic flow diagram for a method for balancing temperature differentials between floors in a multi-storey building, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

[0034] FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic block diagram of controller, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following is a detailed description of embodiments of the disclosure depicted in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are in such detail as to communicate the disclosure. However, the amount of detail offered is not intended to limit the anticipated variations of embodiments; on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the subject disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

[0036] Various terms are used herein. To the extent a term used in a claim is not defined below, it should be given the broadest definition persons in the pertinent art have given that term as reflected in printed publications and issued patents at the time of filing.

[0037] In the specification, reference may be made to the spatial relationships between various components and to the spatial orientation of various aspects of components, as the devices are depicted in the attached drawings. However, as will be recognized by those skilled in the art after a complete reading of the subject disclosure, the components of this invention described herein may be positioned in any desired orientation. Thus, the use of terms such as above, below, upper, lower, first, second, or other similar terms to describe a spatial relationship between various components or to describe the spatial orientation of aspects of such components should be understood to describe a relative relationship between the components or a spatial orientation of aspects of such components.

[0038] To the extent the term activation of AHU is used, it should be given the broadest definition, i.e., energizing the blower motor and other components required to accomplish the scope and spirit of this invention.

[0039] Multi-storey buildings often experience temperature stratification, a phenomenon driven by natural convection, where warm air naturally rises toward the upper floors while cooler air remains at lower levels, also stratification may be caused by imbalanced air distribution system. This effect is particularly pronounced in buildings with high ceilings, open floor plans, or having inadequate air circulation. Temperature stratification creates an imbalance in thermal comfort for occupants, as upper floors tend to become excessively warm while lower floors remain cooler than desired. This imbalance forces HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems to operate inefficiently, as they must compensate for the uneven temperature distribution by running heating or cooling cycles more frequently. Consequently, this not only increases energy consumption but also accelerates wear and tear on HVAC components, leading to higher maintenance costs and reduced system lifespan.

[0040] Several existing solutions have been developed to address temperature differentials in multi-storey buildings, but they each have notable limitations. Zoned HVAC units, for example, attempt to manage temperature variations by dividing a building into multiple climate-controlled zones, each with independent thermostats and dedicated air distribution networks. However, implementing zoned HVAC units requires extensive modifications to existing ductwork and control systems, making them costly and complex to install and maintain. Furthermore, passive air circulation techniques, including ceiling fans, open vents, and passive return ducts, offer only limited effectiveness because they depend on natural airflow rather than actively controlling temperature. This airflow can be inconsistent and inadequate for addressing significant stratification. Since the most common destratification approachusing fansis not feasible in multi-storey buildings, the present system proves to be a highly effective and efficient alternative in such scenarios.

[0041] Given these challenges, there is a need for an intelligent and efficient system that actively manages temperature differentials between floors while minimizing energy usage. The present invention addresses this need by introducing a free cooling and heating system that is integrated with existing HVAC units. Unlike traditional solutions, this system employs an automated feedback mechanism that continuously monitors temperature variations between different levels of a building and dynamically redistributes air accordingly. The system leverages strategically placed sensors to detect temperature imbalances in real-time and intelligently controls air circulation pathways to balance thermal conditions across all floors. By doing so, the invention enhances occupant comfort, improves HVAC efficiency, reduces energy costs, and eliminates the need for extensive modifications to existing building infrastructure. This solution provides a cost-effective and scalable approach to maintaining optimal indoor climate conditions in residential, commercial, and industrial buildings.

[0042] The manner in which the proposed free cooling and heating system operates and is configured for temperature balancing is further explained in detail with respect to FIGS. 1-6. It is to be noted that drawings of the present subject matter shown here are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the subject matter claimed. Further, FIGS. 1-3 have been explained together, and the same reference numerals have been used to refer to identical components and entities.

[0043] Additionally, the invention pertains to a free cooling and heating system that manages indoor temperature by redistributing thermal energy between locations rather than producing heating or cooling energy independently. Since the system relocates existing thermal energy without requiring additional energy input to generate cooling or heating, it is appropriately referred to as a free cooling and heating system. In this context, cooling refers to the removal of excess heat from a specific area and its transfer to a cooler region, while heating operates in the opposite manner by redistributing available thermal energy to sustain a comfortable indoor environment.

[0044] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, the proposed free cooling and heating system 100 is disclosed. FIG. 1 depicts an example of the free cooling and heating system 100 configured in a two-storey building including a basement, a first floor, and a second floor. Although the system is illustrated in a two-storey building, it can be implemented in buildings of any configuration, and all such variations are encompassed within the scope of the current invention. The free cooling and heating system 100 includes a plurality of temperature sensors configured to measure temperatures on different floors in a multi-storey building. The system further includes an air handling unit (hereafter referred to as AHU) 106 (as shown in FIG. 2) installed in the basement of the multi-storey building. The AHU 106 is integrated with the HVAC unit 114 through a Wye branch 104 (as shown in FIG. 3) to facilitate efficient air circulation and climate control within the building. The AHU 106 includes at least one blower unit (including motor) 108-1, 108-2 (collectively referred to as blower unit 108) (as shown in FIG. 2) designed to actively redistribute air between the floors through an air duct system 110 (as shown in FIG. 1). The free cooling and heating system 100 includes at least one motorized damper 112 positioned within the Wye branch 104 (as shown in FIG. 3) configured to connect the HVAC unit 114 with the AHU 106 to transfer conditioned air from the HVAC unit 114 to the required floor.

[0045] In one or more embodiments, the plurality of temperature sensors (102-1 and 102-2) (collectively referred to as temperature sensors 102), as illustrated in FIG. 1, are strategically installed at various locations across multiple floors of a building. These sensors continuously monitor floor temperature conditions, thereby providing real-time thermal mapping for system operation. These sensors can also be wirelessly connected. In another exemplary embodiment, as depicted in FIG. 2, the temperature sensors 102 may be installed within the housing of the AHU 106, where they facilitate precise temperature monitoring of the floors, thereby eliminating the need for wire fishing.

[0046] Further, temperature sensor 102-3 is connected to the plenum of the HVAC unit 114 to determine when the HVAC unit 114 is operating. The plenum registers higher temperatures when the HVAC unit 114 is in heating mode and lower temperatures when it is in cooling mode, temperatures that are distinct from the normal room temperature where the HVAC unit 114 is housed. As an alternative method to ascertain the operating mode (heating or cooling) of the HVAC unit 114, the computing device 400 may also receive input directly from the HVAC unit 114 or from the thermostat of the HVAC unit 114. The computing device 400 is connected to the control board of the HVAC unit 114 to operate it, if required.

[0047] In one or more embodiments, the AHU 106 includes at least one blower unit 108 designed to redistribute air between different floors through a connected air duct system 110. The AHU 106 features two inlets and two outlets, one for each floor, enabling it to draw and deliver air. Additionally, the AHU 106 is enclosed within an insulated housing that comprises a sound-dampening layer configured to reduce operational noise levels and an air-sealing layer (not shown in the Figures) designed to prevent air leakage.

[0048] In one example, the AHU 106 may utilize a dual-motor configuration designed to automatically balance airflow between multiple floors via a corresponding air duct system. In an example, to achieve auto-balancing, pressure sensors may be installed alongside temperature sensors (not shown in the figures) to continuously monitor the AHU's internal pressure and regulate motor speed, ensuring optimal airflow distribution. Additionally, the blower unit 108 is equipped to operate at variable speeds, allowing it to dynamically adjust airflow in response to real-time temperature data and HVAC demand.

[0049] In one or more embodiments, the AHU 106 may incorporate a single blower motor with two blowers mounted on its shaft to draw and deliver air from the respective floors (not shown in drawings). In this configuration, the AHU is equipped with two manual dampers at its air inlet to aid in air balancing (not shown in drawings). Additionally, the AHU includes pressure ports (not shown in drawings) for each blower compartment, to facilitate air balancing during system commissioning.

[0050] It is to be further appreciated that various types of blower assemblies may be utilized within the AHU 106, depending on specific design requirements. In one embodiment, any blower that meets the necessary criteria for airflow, static pressure, noise, and energy efficiency may be employed. For example, while a centrifugal blower assembly is one option, alternative configurations such as axial blowers or variants of centrifugal blowers, including backward-inclined or forward-curved designs, may also be utilized. The appropriate blower type is determined by factors such as building size, desired airflow rate, static pressure needs, and overall energy consumption targets. All such variations are well within the scope of the present application without any limitations whatsoever.

[0051] In another embodiment, the AHU 106 further includes a filter 118 (as shown in FIG. 2) that is configured to enhance indoor air quality by reducing airborne contaminants and preventing odour transfer between floors. For example, the air filter may comprise at least one activated carbon filter, which is designed to absorb and neutralize volatile organic compounds (VOCs), odours, and gaseous pollutants, or a High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filter that effectively captures fine particulate matter, including dust, allergens, and microbial contaminants. By incorporating one or more of these filtration technologies, the AHU 106 efficiently removes harmful airborne particles, mitigates cross-floor contamination, and ensures superior air quality throughout the building.

[0052] In one or more embodiments, the air duct system 110 serves as the network through which conditioned and recirculated air is distributed throughout the building. These ducts are designed to ensure uniform airflow to each floor, minimizing pressure loss and maintaining efficient air movement. By channeling air through the AHU 106, typically located in the basement, to various floors of the building, the insulated air duct system 110 not only facilitates consistent temperature control but also contributes to overall energy efficiency. Moreover, the system's design incorporates strategic fittings, such as the Wye branch 104, which enables the selective mixing of conditioned air from the HVAC unit 114 with recirculated air from the AHU 106, further enhancing the system's ability to achieve thermal equilibrium quickly across multiple levels.

[0053] In one or more embodiments, the termination of the air duct system 110 at each floor is achieved through specialized fittings, such as boot and register cover assemblies (not shown in the drawings), which facilitate airflow distribution. These assemblies (107-1, 107-2, 108-1, and 108-2) for the respective floors (shown as blocks in FIG. 1) ensure efficient air transfer from the air duct system into the floor spaces.

[0054] In one embodiment, the system includes an HVAC unit 114 that is integrated with the AHU 106 through the Wye branch 104 with the help of an air duct system 110 (as shown in FIG. 1). The HVAC unit 114 is configured to generate conditioned air in either heating or cooling mode based on the building's thermal requirements. When the temperature differential between floors surpasses a predefined threshold, the computing computing device 400, which continuously monitors real-time data from the temperature sensors 102, selectively activates the HVAC unit 114, if needed, to supply additional conditioned air. This conditioned air is then fluidly mixed with recirculated air through the Wye branch 104 to achieve thermal equilibrium at the earliest. The Wye branch 104 is further equipped with two motorized dampers 112 (with only one damper blade 116 shown), which remain normally closed. The computing device precisely controls the positions of these dampers to regulate airflow.

[0055] The controller 115 is used to select the operational mode of the free cooling and heating system 100. In Manual mode, no temperature data is collected by any method; only the blower 108 is operated according to the speed (e.g., High, Medium, Low, Intermittent) selection from the controller 115. In this mode, a temperature differential may or may not exist, and thermal equilibrium may or may not be achieved. In Automatic mode, however, the temperature sensors are used, and thermal equilibrium is achieved as explained in this specification.

[0056] In one or more embodiments, the system further includes a computing device 400 (as shown in FIG. 4) operatively connected to the plurality of temperature sensors, the AHU 106, at least one motorized damper 112, and the HVAC unit 114. The computing device is configured to receive real-time temperature data from the sensors used to define the required differential temperature, determine when this predefined temperature differential threshold is exceeded, and then activate the AHU 106 to facilitate air transfer between floors. The computing device 400 further regulates the flow of the conditioned air by controlling the motorized damper 112 and dynamically adjusts both the blower unit's speed and the damper's position based on real-time temperature data and/or user input. In a non-limiting example, the user input can also be made to the computing device 400 through a controller 115 (as shown in FIG. 1), which is positioned at a convenient location within the building.

[0057] In one or more embodiments, FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic block diagram of the computing device 400, which is configured to operate the free cooling and heating system 100. The computing device 400 includes a processor 402 that is communicably coupled with a memory 404, where the memory stores executable instructions on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, such as RAM, EPROM, or flash memory. These instructions enable the processor to fetch and execute commands necessary to control the entire system. Additionally, the computing device 400 may include an interface 406 that provides a communication pathway between the components of the computing device 400 and other system components.

[0058] In some embodiments, the computing device 400 further incorporates a processing engine 410, which may be implemented as a combination of hardware and programmable instructions. This processing engine can be realized through electronic circuitry or using one or more processors working in tandem. The processing engine 410 is designed to be flexible and comprises several functional modules that work in concert to manage real-time system operations and optimize performance. The Sensor Data Module (412) receives real-time temperature readings from the plurality of temperature sensors 102, which are strategically installed throughout the building and/or inside the AHU 106.

[0059] The Sensor Data Module 412 processes raw data to detect temperature variations across different floors, generating a detailed thermal map. To facilitate accurate temperature measurement, the system first activates the blower (when sensors are placed inside the AHU 106) for a predefined duration and after a predefined interval, ensuring adequate access of the floor air to the sensors before collecting temperature data. The processed temperature data are then transmitted to the Temperature Analysis Module 416, which evaluates the current temperature differential to determine if it exceeds a predefined threshold. If the detected temperature differential surpasses the predefined threshold, the module signals the need for corrective action to restore thermal equilibrium. Additionally, the Sensor Data Module 412 receives data from pressure sensors, which is utilized for auto-balancing the unit, to avoid the built-up of pressure pockets inside the building, thus ensuring consistent airflow distribution across floors.

[0060] Subsequently, the Airflow Regulation Module 414 processes inputs from the Temperature Analysis Module 416 and dynamically controls the operation of both the AHU 106 and the motorized dampers 112. Based on the analyzed data, the module adjusts key parameters, such as blower speed and damper positions, to maintain proper air balance and ensure the optimal distribution of conditioned air across all floors. This real-time regulation is essential for sustaining a balanced indoor environment and achieving efficient temperature control.

[0061] In parallel, the Self-Learning Module 418 enhances energy efficiency by analyzing historical HVAC unit 114 operation data and recurring temperature fluctuation patterns. By recognizing these trends, the module predicts the optimal HVAC unit 114 startup times and proactively activates the AHU 106 before the HVAC unit 114 is energized by its thermostat. This preemptive activation initiates an air current within the building, allowing the conditioned air produced by the HVAC unit 114 to be evenly distributed. As a result, the free cooling and heating system 100 reduces the overall load on the HVAC unit 114, thereby minimizing energy consumption and improving overall efficiency.

[0062] The computing device 400 also incorporates a User Interface Module 420, allowing users to configure system settings, set temperature thresholds, and monitor real-time performance via mobile applications, wireless connections, or web interfaces. The User Interface Module 420 also enables users to perform these tasks directly at the AHU 106, providing both remote and on-site control options. Additionally, Auxiliary Modules 422 supplement the core functionalities of the system by supporting other operational requirements as needed.

[0063] Together, these modules ensure that the computing device 400 is operatively connected to all the components of the free cooling and heating system 100, such as the plurality of temperature sensors, the AHU 106, the controller 115, the motorized dampers 112, and the HVAC unit 114, thus allowing it to receive temperature data, determine when the predefined temperature differential threshold is exceeded, activate the AHU to transfer air between floors, regulate conditioned airflow via the motorized dampers, activate the HVAC unit if required, and dynamically adjust both the blower unit speed and the damper positions based on real-time sensor data and/or user input.

[0064] This intelligent control framework not only enhances the energy efficiency and indoor air quality of the free cooling and heating system but also extends its functionality to include determining the operating mode of the existing HVAC unit 114. The system acquires this data either from temperature sensor 102-3, which is attached to the plenum or ductwork of the HVAC unit 114, or directly from its control board. When the HVAC unit 114 is actively heating or cooling, and an above-normal temperature differential is detected between the floors, the computing device 400 responds by activating the motorized damper of the Wye branch 104 for the floor experiencing the abnormal temperature. This action directs additional conditioned air to the floor, assisting the HVAC unit 114 in reaching the desired temperature levels more efficiently. By leveraging existing temperature differentials and strategically moving air, the free cooling and heating system 100 eliminates the need for supplementary energy-intensive devices, such as portable heaters or window air conditioners, thereby reducing overall operational costs. Overall, the integrated and adaptive nature of the computing device 400, along with its detailed functional modules, ensures that the free cooling and heating system 100 provides an improved climate control solution for multi-storey buildings, whether in residential, commercial, or industrial settings.

[0065] In one or more embodiments, the computing device 400 can be configured in various modes to interact with both the HVAC unit 114 and the AHU 106. In one embodiment, the computing device 400 may be implemented as a separate, standalone unit that communicates with the HVAC unit 114 and the AHU 106 via wired or wireless connections. In this configuration, the device continuously receives real-time temperature data from the temperature sensors 102 and, based on this data, sends control signals to the HVAC unit 114 to generate conditioned air, to the AHU 106 to adjust airflow parameters such as blower speed, and to the motorized dampers 112. Communication may occur over standard protocols (e.g., but not limited to BACnet, Modbus, or Wi-Fi), allowing the computing device to interface seamlessly with existing building management systems.

[0066] In one or more embodiments, it is to be appreciated that while the exemplary illustration of FIG. 1 shows the proposed free cooling and heating system integrated into a residential building, the system may be adapted for a wide variety of applications. For example, the system can be incorporated into commercial and industrial buildings, as well as single-family homes, apartment complexes, office spaces, and warehouses. This flexibility allows the invention to be scaled and modified to suit the specific requirements of different building types and occupancy needs.

[0067] Additionally, while the system is illustrated with a single duct network interconnecting two floors, alternative embodiments may include multiple interconnected duct networks designed to distribute air across same or several floors or designated areas within a building. Such configurations enable enhanced control over airflow and thermal distribution in larger or more complex structures. Moreover, the system can be modified to operate with various HVAC configurations, such as fan coil units, furnaces, split air conditioning systems, heat pumps, and centralized heating and cooling units, thereby providing further versatility and ensuring optimal performance under diverse operating conditions.

Working Example

[0068] In illustrating the operational dynamics of the invention, consider a scenario where a multi-storey building comprises a basement, a first floor, and a second floor. The free cooling and heating system 100 is installed in this building, the AHU 106 and the HVAC unit 114 are positioned in the basement. In this particular configuration, the temperature sensors 102 are installed within the AHU 106 housing and it has two blower motors 108. When powered, after a predefined interval and for a predefined duration (already programmed), the computing device 400 activates the blower unit 108 of the AHU 106 (let us assume for 10 minutes). During this duration, the computing device 400 collects temperature readings from the sensors 102 placed in the AHU 106 and calculates the temperature differential between the two floors. For instance, the sensor in the basement may register 21 C. and the second-floor sensor 24 C. Temperatures provided here are merely illustrative, and any other thresholds can be set based on specific requirements. A 3 C. temperature differential is observed between the second floor and the basement, which exceeds a predefined threshold (e.g., 1 C., already programmed), though this threshold is not limiting and may be adjusted as needed. During this time, the computing module 400 has learned that the normal temperatures of the respective floors cause this typical temperature differential.

[0069] Given that the measured differential indicates a small thermal imbalance (e.g., 2 C.-3 C.), the computing device 400 keeps the blower unit 108 of the AHU 106 running, thus redistributing the air between the floors. The computing device 400 continuously monitors the temperature differential between the floors. When the temperature differential becomes equal to or less than the preset threshold value, the blower unit 108 is de-energized. This temperature differential finding process is repeated continuously according to the programming of the computing device 400.

[0070] In another scenario, the temperature sensor in the basement may detect 21 C., while the second-floor sensor registers 26 C., resulting in a temperature differential of 5 C. (range e.g., 4 C. to 6 C.)significantly higher than the typical range of 2 C. to 3 C. Since the computing device 400 has learned the normal temperature patterns for each floor, it identifies that the second floor is responsible for the increased differential. To bring back thermal equilibrium, the computing device 400 keeps the blower unit 108 running and modulates its speed. The computing device 400 then determines whether the HVAC unit 114 is active using the previously described methods. If the HVAC unit 114 is operating, the computing device 400 activates the motorized damper of the Wye branch 104 to direct additional conditioned airflow to the second floor. If during this time the HVAC unit 114 is de-energized by its thermostat, the computing device 400 closes the damper of the Wye branch 104. The computing device 400 continuously monitors the temperature differential, and once the temperature differential becomes equal to or less than the preset threshold value, both the blower unit 108 and the motorized damper 112 are deactivated. This temperature differential finding process is repeated continuously according to the programming of the computing device 400.

[0071] Yet in another scenario, the temperature sensor in the basement may detect 20 C., while the second-floor sensor registers 29 C., resulting in a temperature differential of 9 C. (e.g., >7 C.)abnormally exceeding the typical range of 2 C. to 3 C. To bring back thermal equilibrium, the computing device 400 keeps the blower unit 108 running and modulates its speed. Since the computing device 400 has learned the normal temperature patterns for each floor, it identifies that the second floor is responsible for the elevated differential. If the computing device 400 determines that the HVAC unit 114 is not currently operating, it takes corrective action by not only activating the motorized damper 112 of the Wye branch 104 to direct conditioned airflow to the second floor but also energizing the HVAC unit 114 to assist in temperature regulation. The computing device 400 continuously monitors the temperature differential, and once the temperature differential becomes equal to or less than the preset threshold value, the blower unit 108, the motorized damper 112, and the HVAC unit 114 are deactivated. This process is continuously repeated according to the programmed logic of the computing device 400 to maintain optimal indoor temperature balance.

[0072] When the AHU 106 is designed with a single motor driving two blowers mounted on its shaft, the computing device 400 remains actively engaged in monitoring real-time temperature data. If the temperature differential between floors surpasses the predefined setpoint, the system responds by initiating corrective actions as outlined in the previously described scenarios. However, a notable distinction in this configuration is that, due to the presence of dedicated temperature sensors on each floor, the system does not require activating the blower motor to measure the temperatures of the floors. Instead, the sensors continuously provide real-time data, enabling the computing device 400 to make informed decisions.

[0073] The computing device 400 continuously monitors the temperature across different floors, even after initiating air redistribution, ensuring real-time thermal balancing. In scenarios where a temperature differential is detected, the computing device 400 dynamically adjusts airflow by activating the blower unit 108, engaging the motorized damper 112 of the Wye branch 104, and if necessary, energizing the HVAC unit 114. Additionally, the system incorporates self-learning capabilities, analyzing historical temperature data to recognize recurring thermal patterns. This enables the computing device 400 to preemptively adjust airflow distribution, preventing significant temperature imbalances before they occur. This closed-loop, adaptive control mechanismintegrating real-time sensor feedback, precise modulation of motorized dampers, and selective HVAC engagementensures optimized temperature regulation, enhanced indoor air quality, and overall energy efficiency throughout the multi-story building.

[0074] The computing device 400 continuously monitors the temperature across different floors, even after initiating air redistribution, ensuring real-time thermal balancing. In scenarios where a temperature differential is detected, the computing device 400 dynamically adjusts airflow by activating the blower unit 108, engaging the motorized damper 112 of the Wye branch 104, and if necessary, energizing the HVAC unit 114. Additionally, the system incorporates self-learning capabilities, analyzing historical temperature data to recognize recurring thermal patterns. This enables the computing device 400 to preemptively adjust airflow distribution, preventing significant temperature imbalances before they occur. This closed-loop, adaptive control mechanismintegrating real-time sensor feedback, precise modulation of motorized dampers, and selective HVAC engagementensures optimized temperature regulation, enhanced indoor air quality, and overall energy efficiency throughout the multi-story building.

[0075] At step 504, the computing device 400 processes the incoming temperature data and compares the measured temperature differential against a predefined temperature differential threshold. Based upon the degree of deviation of the measured differential from the predefined threshold, the computing device 400 determines the cause of the temperature imbalance and proceeds accordingly.

[0076] When the temperature differential surpasses the acceptable range, and the degree of deviation is normal (e.g., 2 C.-3 C.), step 506 is initiated, wherein the computing device 400 keeps operating the blower unit 108 of the air handling unit (AHU) 106 until thermal equilibrium is achieved.

[0077] At step 508, if the temperature differential is significant (e.g., 4 C.-6 C.), the computing device 400 not only modulates the blower motor speed for speedy thermal equilibrium but also operates the corresponding motorized damper 112 of the Wye branch 104, if the HVAC unit 114 is operating. However, if the measured differential is abnormal (e.g., >7 C.), not only is the respective motorized damper 112 of the Wye branch 104 operated, but the HVAC unit 114 is also energized.

[0078] At step 510, the computing device 400 continuously monitors temperature differential changes after airflow redistribution is initiated. Once the temperature differential falls within the acceptable range, the computing device 400 deactivates blower unit 108 of AHU 106, motorized damper 112 of the Wye branch 104, and the HVAC unit 114, as applicable. This closed-loop control mechanism ensures that airflow adjustments are made only when necessary, thereby optimizing system efficiency while maintaining thermal balance.

[0079] Additionally, the computing device 400 incorporates self-learning capabilities by continuously recording historical temperature fluctuations. This allows the system to identify recurring thermal patterns and preemptively adjust airflow redistribution before the temperature differential exceeds the predefined threshold. As a result, the computing module 400 can initiate corrective actions earlier, reducing the extent of temperature imbalances and improving overall energy efficiency.

[0080] The method also includes incremental modulation of motorized dampers 112 of the Wye branch 104, where the computing device 400 adjusts their angles gradually instead of making abrupt changes. This prevents sudden pressure variations and turbulence within the ductwork, ensuring smooth air transitions, stable pressure levels, and enhanced occupant comfort.

[0081] Furthermore, the computing device 400 determines an optimal airflow rate based on the detected temperature differentials. If the imbalance is normal (e.g., 2 C.-3 C.), the system makes small airflow adjustments by modulating blower speed. If the imbalance is significant or abnormal (e.g., 4 C.-6 C., >7 C.), the computing device 400 not only increases airflow to the affected floor but also activates the damper of the Wye branch 104, and if required, energizes the HVAC unit 114.

[0082] In embodiments where the temperature sensors 102 are placed on respective floors, the computing device 400 utilizes temperature sensor 102 data, after a predefined interval of time as programmed in the computing device 400, to calculate the temperature differential without requiring blower 108 activation. If the imbalance is normal (e.g., 2 C.-3 C.), the system makes small airflow adjustments by modulating blower speed. If the imbalance is significant or abnormal (e.g., 4 C.-6 C., >7 C.), the computing device 400 not only modulates airflow to the affected floor but also activates the damper of the Wye branch 104, and if required, energizes the HVAC unit 114 as explained above.

[0083] By executing these integrated steps, the system 100 and method 500 facilitate precise temperature regulation across multiple floors, resulting in a uniformly comfortable indoor environment. The system's intelligent airflow management, driven by real-time sensor data and adaptive control of both the AHU and HVAC unit, enhances air quality by minimizing thermal imbalances and associated stratification issues. Moreover, the system and method optimize energy usage by engaging high-energy HVAC operations only when necessary, while relying on efficient recirculation through blower motors when minor temperature differences are detected. This closed-loop, self-learning approach not only reduces energy consumption and operational costs but also ensures that airflow distribution is finely tuned to the building's dynamic thermal conditions, delivering superior climate control performance in multi-story structures.

[0084] While the subject disclosure has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the subject disclosure as defined by the appended claims. Modifications may be made to adopt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the subject disclosure without departing from the scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the subject disclosure not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the subject disclosure includes all embodiments falling within the scope of the subject disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

[0085] In interpreting the specification, all terms should be interpreted in the broadest possible manner consistent with the context. In particular, the terms comprises and comprising should be interpreted as referring to elements, components, or steps in a non-exclusive manner, indicating that the referenced elements, components, or steps may be present, utilized, or combined with other elements, components, or steps that are not expressly referenced. Where the specification claims refer to at least one of something selected from the group consisting of A, B, C . . . and N, the text should be interpreted as requiring only one element from the group, not A plus N, or B plus N, etc.