MOVABLE FORMWORK SYSTEM FOR CLADDING PART OF A TUNNEL

Abstract

A movable formwork system for lining part of a tunnel includes a guide rail, a fastening component for fastening the guide rail to a surface of the tunnel to be lined, a formwork panel coupled to the guide rail, a rolling component sliding on a surface of the guide rail and attached to the formwork panel, and an anchoring structure having one part attached to the formwork panel and another part projecting from the formwork panel and is configured to be fastened to a surface of the tunnel to be lined. The formwork panel along with the anchoring structure can move together guided by the guide rail when the anchoring structure is not fastened to a surface of the tunnel to be lined. The system is applicable for building mined soft-ground tunnels, for example, where the so-called Belgian tunneling method is recommended.

Claims

1. A movable formwork system for lining part of a tunnel, the movable formwork system comprising: a longitudinally elongated guide rail, fastening means configured for fastening the guide rail to a surface of the tunnel to be lined, a formwork panel coupled to the guide rail, rolling means configured for sliding on a surface of the guide rail and attached to the formwork panel, an anchoring structure having one part attached to the formwork panel and another part projecting from the formwork panel and is configured to be fastened to a surface of the tunnel to be lined, and wherein the formwork system is configured such that the formwork panel along with the anchoring structure configured to move together guided by the guide rail when the anchoring structure is not fastened to a surface of the tunnel to be lined.

2. The movable formwork system for lining part of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the formwork panel is located at a lower level with respect to the guide rail.

3. The movable formwork system for lining part of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the formwork panel is located at an upper level with respect to the guide rail.

4. The movable formwork system for lining part of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the guide rail is located on one side of the formwork panel.

5. The movable formwork system for lining part of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the guide rail is movable with respect to the formwork panel when the anchoring structure is fastened to an outer surface.

6. The movable formwork system for lining part of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the guide rail is straight.

7. The movable formwork system for lining part of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the formwork panel has a flat surface for the formation of a concrete lining, and in that the anchoring structure has one or more surfaces coplanar with the flat surface of the panel.

8. The movable formwork system for lining part of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the anchoring structure is formed by two or more beams arranged in the same longitudinal direction of the guide rail, and having one part attached to the formwork panel and another part projecting from the formwork panel.

9. The movable formwork system for lining part of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the projecting part of the anchoring structure is located on one side of the formwork panel.

10. The movable formwork system for lining part of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the rolling means comprise sheaves sliding on the rail.

11. The movable formwork system for lining part of a tunnel according to claim 2, wherein the formwork panel is attached to the rolling means at the upper edge thereof.

12. The movable formwork system for lining part of a tunnel according to claim 8, wherein the beams have holes in the projecting part thereof for the passage of fastening screws.

13. The movable formwork system for lining part of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the fastening means for fastening the guide rail to a surface of the tunnel to be lined comprise a plurality of individual elements configured to be fastened to the guide rail in a removable manner.

14. The movable formwork system for lining part of a tunnel according to claim 1, further comprising a skirting attached to the lower edge of the formwork panel and arranged in an inclined manner with respect to same.

15. The movable formwork system for lining part of a tunnel according to claim 1, further comprising at least one vibrator device configured to be coupled to the formwork panel to cause the vibration and compaction of concrete.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] To complete the description and to facilitate a better understanding of the disclosure, a set of drawings is provided. These drawings are an integral part of the description and illustrate an embodiment of the disclosure, which should not be interpreted as restricting the scope of the disclosure, but merely as examples of how the disclosure can be carried out. The drawings comprise the following figures:

[0037] FIG. 1 shows respective perspective views 1A, 1B from different angles of one and the same movable formwork system according to the disclosure.

[0038] FIG. 2 shows a front view of a tunnel with respective formworks constructing the side walls thereof. This figure includes an enlarged detail of the rolling means.

[0039] FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section according to plane AA in FIG. 2, in a phase of concreting a side wall section.

[0040] FIG. 4 shows a depiction similar to the preceding figure in a phase of removing the formwork and moving the panel.

[0041] FIG. 5 shows a depiction similar to the preceding figure in a phase of launching the guide rail.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF WAYS OF PUTTING THE DRAWINGS

[0042] FIGS. 1 and 2 show a movable formwork system for lining part of a tunnel (2), specifically in this preferred embodiment the side walls (3, 3) of the tunnel, once the crown (4) has been constructed, wherein the system comprises in this practical embodiment respective sliding formworks, a left formwork (1) and a right formwork (1), which are a mirror image of one another.

[0043] The left formwork (1) shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B comprises: a straight, longitudinally elongated guide rail (5), fastening means (6) for fastening the guide rail (5) to an already concreted surface of the tunnel to be lined, in this case for being fastened to the crown (4), and a formwork panel (7) located at a lower level of the guide rail (5) and coupled thereto by means of a pair of tie rods (8) which are attached to the upper edge of the formwork panel (7).

[0044] In the embodiment of the disclosure shown in the figures, the formwork panel (7, 7) is flat and rectangular, so it has a flat surface (14) for the formation of a concrete lining. In other preferred embodiments, the panel (7, 7) can be curved.

[0045] The fastening means (6) for fastening the guide rail (5) comprise a plurality of individual elements which can be fastened, in a removable manner, to the guide rail (5) and to a surface of the tunnel to be lined, for example, by means of bolts and nuts.

[0046] The formwork (1) further includes rolling means sliding on a surface of the guide rail (5) and attached to the formwork panel (7), specifically sheaves (9) attached to the tie rods (8).

[0047] The formwork (1) has an anchoring structure formed by a group of beams (10) arranged in the same longitudinal direction as the guide rail (5), and having one part attached to the formwork panel (7) and another part projecting from the formwork panel (7), specifically projecting from the rear side (11) of the panel (7) with respect to the direction of forward movement of the panel indicated by the arrow in FIG. 1.

[0048] The beams (10) are arranged such that they have surfaces (15) coplanar with the flat surface (14) of the panel (7).

[0049] The projecting part of the beams (10) have holes (12) for the fastening thereof to an already concreted prior section, for example, by means of screws (13,13) as shown in FIG. 2.

[0050] FIG. 2 also shows skirtings or counterflashings (16, 16) attached to the lower edge of the panels (7, 7), serving as part of an invert (17).

[0051] FIG. 3 shows the left formwork (7) while concreting a section (19) of a side wall (3) of the tunnel (2), with the beams (10) being fastened to a front section (18) that has been previously concreted. The circles in the figure depict vibrators (20) in contact with the formwork panel (7), that are commonly used to cause the vibration and compaction of fresh concrete so that it fills the entire volume of the mold.

[0052] Once the concrete of the section (19) sets, as shown in FIG. 4, the anchorings in the holes (12) fastening the projecting part of the beams (10) are released, and therefore the panel (7) along with the structure of beams (10) can be moved suspended from the guide rail (5) until being positioned for concreting the subsequent section (21). Once correctly positioned, the projecting part of the beams (10) is again fastened to the previously concreted section (19) and the process is repeated.

[0053] In the position of FIG. 4, there is a need to move the guide rail (5) forward, so it is released from the fastening means (6) and moved or launched in direction of forward movement, as indicated by the arrows in FIG. 5 as well as various individual elements of the fastening means (6), to enable moving the panel (7) to the subsequent sections to be concreted.