PROTECTIVE ELEMENT, ENERGY SUPPLY SYSTEM, COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM, AND MOTOR VEHICLE

Abstract

A protective element for improving electromagnetic compatibility. The protective element comprises at least a shielding layer for protection from electric, magnetic, and/or electromagnetic fields.

Claims

1. A protective element for improving electromagnetic compatibility, the protective element comprising: a shielding layer for protection from electric, magnetic, and/or electromagnetic fields.

2. The protective element as claimed in claim 1, wherein the protective element comprises a contacting zone.

3. The protective element as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: a second shielding layer for protection from electric, magnetic, and/or electromagnetic fields, wherein the shielding layer is a first shielding layer.

4. The protective element as claimed in claim 2, wherein an electrical contact is capable of being established by means of the contacting zone between the shielding layer and a device, on which the protective element is capable of being attached or installed, an electrical contact is capable of being established by means of the contacting zone between the shielding layer of the protective element and/or at least one of the shielding layers of the protective element and a device, on which the protective element is capable of being attached or installed, the contacting zone is a surface of the shielding layer and/or a surface of at least one of the shielding layers; and/or the contacting zone is located on a surface of the shielding layer and/or on a surface of at least one of the shielding layers; and/or the contacting zone is an outer surface contacting zone, wherein the outer surface contacting zone is formed on an outer surface of the shielding layer and/or on an outer surface of at least one of the shielding layers.

5. The protective element as claimed in claim 2, wherein the protective element comprises a contacting element, and wherein an electrical contact is capable of being established or stabilized by means of the contacting element between the contacting zone and the device, and/or an electrical contact bridged by the contacting element is capable of being established between the contacting zone and the device, wherein one surface of the contacting element is in electrically conductive contact with the contacting zone, and a further surface of the contacting element is capable of being brought into electrically conductive contact with the device, wherein the contacting element is electrically conductive.

6. The protective element as claimed in claim 5, wherein the contacting element is deformable and/or elastic; the contacting element is arranged on a carrier, wherein the carrier is deformable and/or elastic; the contacting element extends in at least one section of a carrier from an inner side and/or protective element side of the carrier, which is facing toward the contacting zone, up to an outer side and/or device side of the carrier, which is facing away from the contacting zone; the contacting element contains an electrically conductive material or is produced therefrom, and/or the electrically conductive material is a metallic material and/or aluminum; the contacting element extends in at least one section of the carrier on the carrier on only one side, and/or on an edge side of the carrier, which can be facing toward a protective element edge, or on an edge-averted side of the carrier, which can be facing away from a protective element edge, from the inner side and/or protective element side to the outer side and/or device side.

7. The protective element as claimed in claim 1, wherein the protective element includes a seal element and/or includes a seal element receptacle, in which a seal element is capable of being entirely or partially accommodated, wherein if the protective element includes the seal element and the seal element receptacle, wherein if the seal element is entirely or partially accommodated in the seal element receptacle and/or extends in the seal element receptacle on the protective element; and/or the protective element includes a seal element, which is a liquid seal.

8. The protective element as claimed in claim 6, wherein the seal element includes the contacting element and/or the carrier; and/or the carrier is deformable and/or elastic, wherein if the contact element is arranged on the deformable and/or elastic carrier; and/or the contacting element includes or forms the seal element.

9. The protective element as claimed in claim 5, wherein the contacting element and/or the carrier is attached in or on the contacting zone; the contacting element and/or the carrier is attached in or on the contacting zone via a connecting material arranged in a connecting zone; the contacting element and/or the carrier is attached to the contacting zone by means of an auxiliary element or a seal element, whereby an electrical contact of the contacting element with the contacting zone exists or is capable of being established or stabilized, or the auxiliary element is attached to the contacting zone or in another area of the protective element and the contacting element and/or the carrier is attached to the auxiliary element, wherein if the auxiliary element is attached to the contacting zone or in the other area of the protective element via a connecting material arranged in a connecting zone; and/or the contacting element and/or the carrier is attached to the auxiliary element via a connecting material arranged in a connecting zone.

10. The protective element as claimed in claim 6, wherein the protective element includes at least two seal elements, and one of the seal elements is arranged closer to a protective element edge than another of the seal elements.

11. The protective element as claimed in claim 6, wherein the carrier and/or the seal element and/or at least one of the seal elements contains or is produced from at least one of the following: an elastic sealing material, and/or a natural or synthetic rubber, and/or an ethylene-propylene-diene rubber, and/or a silicone rubber, and/or a fluorine rubber, and/or a polyurethane, and/or an ethylene tetrafluoroethylene or consists thereof.

12. The protective element as claimed in claim 1, wherein the protective element includes a positioning and/or alignment element or a positioning and/or alignment projection; the protective element includes a positioning and/or alignment element, wherein at least one section of the positioning and/or alignment element is arranged on at least one section of the contacting zone; and/or at least one section of the carrier and/or the seal element and/or at least one of the seal elements and/or the contacting element and/or the connecting zone extends along at least one section of the positioning and/or alignment element; or the protective element includes a plastic base body, wherein the shielding layer is arranged on the plastic base body and/or extends through the plastic base body, and/or at least one of the shielding layers is arranged on the plastic base body and/or extends through the plastic base body; or the protective element includes a reinforcement zone, wherein the reinforcement zone includes reinforcement fibers and a fiber connecting material, wherein at least a part of the reinforcement fibers are connected using the fiber connection material in the reinforcement zone; or the protective element is an underbody protective element and/or a battery housing part.

13. The protective element as claimed in claim 12, wherein the reinforcement zone is a suspension zone or extends into a suspension zone or through a suspension zone; or the reinforcement zone is a suspension zone or extends into a suspension zone or through a suspension zone; and the protective element and/or underbody protective element and/or battery housing part can be attached to the device, or, installed, in the suspension zone, or, by means of an installation recess extending through the suspension zone and a screw or a bolt; and/or a component, or, a component of a high-voltage battery device, capable of being attached, or, installed on the protective element and/or underbody protective element and/or battery housing part in the suspension zone, or, by means of an installation recess extending through the suspension zone and a screw or a bolt.

14. The protective element as claimed in claim 12, wherein the protective element and/or underbody protective element and/or battery housing part includes a side wall and an interior, wherein the interior is entirely or partially enclosed by the side wall, wherein the reinforcement zone extends through at least one section of the side wall, a mass proportion of the reinforcement fibers in the reinforcement zone is at least 70%, or, at least 77.5%; the reinforcement fibers are glass fibers the reinforcement zone includes a fiber laying, or, a glass fiber laying, and/or the reinforcement fibers, or, the glass fibers are unidirectionally aligned in at least one ply of the reinforcement zone.

15. The protective element as claimed in claim 14, wherein the reinforcement fibers or the glass fibers are unidirectionally aligned in at least one further ply of the reinforcement zone, wherein the alignment of the reinforcement fibers or the glass fibers in the at least one further ply of the reinforcement zone differs from the alignment of the reinforcement fibers or the glass fibers in the at least one ply of the reinforcement zone.

16. The protective element as claimed in claim 15, wherein the protective element includes a sealing layer, the protective element includes a sealing layer wherein at least one section of the sealing layer is arranged on the reinforcement zone and seals at least one section of the reinforcement zone.

17. The protective element as claimed in claim 16, wherein the sealing layer does not contain reinforcement fibers or a mass proportion of the reinforcement fibers in the sealing layer is less than the mass proportion of the reinforcement fibers in the reinforcement zone.

18. The protective element as claimed in claim 3, wherein the protective element comprises the following: a shielding zone, in which the first and the second shielding layer are spaced apart from one another; and/or an intermediate layer which is arranged between the first shielding layer and the second shielding layer; and/or an intermediate layer which is arranged in the shielding zone between the first shielding layer and the second shielding layer; and/or a layer composite zone is present, in which the first and the second shielding layer are connected by means of the intermediate layer; and/or wherein the layer composite zone, in which the first and the second shielding layer are connected by means of the intermediate layer, is present in the shielding zone.

19. The protective element as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shielding layer is electrically conductive and/or the shielding layers are electrically conductive; the shielding layer and/or at least one of the shielding layers and/or the first shielding layer has a relative permeability .sub.r of at least 10 or of at least 5000; the shielding layer and/or at least one of the shielding layers and/or the first shielding layer is ferromagnetic; the shielding layer and/or at least one of the shielding layers and/or the first shielding layer contains a mu-metal or is formed from a mu-metal.

20. The protective element as claimed in claim 3, wherein the protective element comprises the following: a contact zone, in which the first and the second shielding layer are in electrical contact or in which an electrical contact can be established between the first and the second shielding layer.

21. The protective element as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shielding layer and/or at least one of the shielding layers and/or at least the second shielding layer contains the following: a metallic alloy or a metallic alloy based on aluminum, copper, iron, or silver; a conductive carbon material or a conductive carbon material which contains carbon fibers or graphite; a composite made of a metal and a textile material or a metallically coated textile material, or wherein the textile material is a knitted fabric, a woven fabric, a laying, a knit, a mesh, a nonwoven material, or a composite made of an aluminum foil and a PET nonwoven material; a foil or a metal foil or an aluminum foil; an expanded metal; a regular fibrous planar formation, wherein the regular fibrous planar formation is a knitted fabric, a woven fabric, a laying, a knit, or a mesh; and/or an irregular fibrous planar formation, wherein the irregular fibrous planar formation is a nonwoven material; or the shielding layer and/or at least one of the shielding layers and/or at least the second shielding layer is provided as a foil, a plate, a regular fibrous planar formation or a woven fabric, a knit or a mesh; and/or an irregular fibrous planar formation or a nonwoven material; or the shielding layer and/or at least one of the shielding layers and/or at least the second shielding layer is selected among: an aluminum foil, an aluminum mesh, a stainless-steel mesh, a bronze mesh, a copper mesh, a plastic nonwoven material or PET nonwoven material, wherein the plastic nonwoven material or PET nonwoven material has applied aluminum film, a plastic nonwoven material or PET nonwoven material, wherein the plastic nonwoven material or PET nonwoven material is coated on one side using copper, a carbon fiber-containing unidirectional tape, a nonwoven material made of recycled carbon fibers, a graphite film, and a polymer or polypropylene in combination with an aluminum mesh; or the shielding layer and/or at least one of the shielding layers and/or at least the second shielding layer, contains a metal, aluminum, copper, iron, and/or silver; or a thickness of the shielding layer and/or a thickness of at least one of the shielding layers and/or a thickness of the second shielding layer, is at most 3 mm or 0.001 to 0.7 mm or the shielding layer and/or at least one of the shielding layers and/or at least the second shielding layer is an aluminum foil or an aluminum plate; or the shielding layer and/or at least one of the shielding layers is formed on a surface of a substrate layer by deposition from a surrounding medium, or wherein the shielding layer and/or the at least one of the shielding layers is vapor deposited on the surface.

22. The protective element as claimed in claim 21, wherein the foil, metal foil, or aluminum foil is attached by means of an adhesion promoter to an adjacent layer or intermediate layer.

23. An energy supply system for an entirely or partially electrically driven motor vehicle, wherein the energy supply system comprising: at least two conversion devices, a connecting device, which connects the at least two conversion devices, and at least said protective element as claimed in claim 1 on at least one of the at least two conversion devices and/or on the connecting device to protect the surroundings of the energy supply system from electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields, wherein at least one of the at least two conversion devices and/or the connecting device is entirely or partially accommodated in an interior or in a depression of the at least one protective element.

24. A communication system for an entirely or partially electrically driven motor vehicle, wherein the communication system comprising: a first communication unit, which includes an interface for emitting an electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic signal, a second communication unit, which includes an interface for receiving the electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic signal of the first communication unit, and at least said protective element as claimed in claim 1 to protect at least one of the communication units from electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields, and is entirely or partially accommodated in an interior or in a depression of the protective element.

25. A motor vehicle for an entirely or partially electrically driven motor vehicle, wherein the motor vehicle comprising: a source of electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields, wherein the source is a conversion device of an energy supply system of the motor vehicle, or, an electric motor or an inverter, or a connecting device, wherein the connecting device can connect two conversion devices to one another, a device that can be interfered with by electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields, wherein the device that can be interfered with by electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields can be or comprise a communication unit of the motor vehicle, and at said protective element as claimed in claim 1, wherein the protective element is entirely or partially arranged between the source and the device that can be interfered with by the electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields.

26. A method for producing said protective element as claimed in claim 1, wherein sealing of a surface area of a base body of the protective element is carried out by applying a plastic-containing sealing material.

27. The method as claimed in claim 26, wherein the base body is formed in a molding tool from multiple starting materials flatly layered on one another partially or completely overlapping, or wherein at least one of the starting materials is fiber-reinforced, wherein the plastic-containing sealing material is introduced into the molding tool and/or the sealing of the surface area in the molding tool by the plastic-containing sealing material is carried out directly during the production of the fiber-reinforced base body; the base body is a fiber-reinforced base body and the surface area is porous and/or a part of the reinforcement fibers of the base body extend to the surface area of the base body; the plastic-containing sealing material is a plastic film and/or contains reinforcement fibers.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0383] FIG. 1: shows a schematic sectional view of a detail of a protective element;

[0384] FIG. 2: shows a schematic sectional view of a detail of a protective element;

[0385] FIG. 3: shows a schematic sectional view of a detail of a protective element, which is arranged on a ground of a motor vehicle;

[0386] FIG. 4: shows section A-A from FIG. 3;

[0387] FIG. 5: shows section B-B from FIG. 3;

[0388] FIG. 6: shows a schematic sectional view of a detail of a protective element, which is arranged on a ground of a motor vehicle;

[0389] FIG. 7: shows section C-C from FIG. 6;

[0390] FIG. 8: shows section D-D from FIG. 6;

[0391] FIG. 9: shows a schematic sectional view of a detail of a protective element, which is arranged on a ground of a motor vehicle;

[0392] FIG. 10: shows section E-E from FIG. 9;

[0393] FIG. 11: shows section F-F from FIG. 9;

[0394] FIGS. 12-14: show schematic views of experimental setup for checking the shielding-attenuation effect of various protective elements;

[0395] FIG. 15: shows shielding attenuations for the experimental setup from FIG. 12;

[0396] FIG. 16: shows shielding attenuations for the experimental setup from FIG. 13;

[0397] FIG. 17: shows a schematic perspective view of a protective element;

[0398] FIG. 18: shows a schematic perspective view of a part of an energy supply system;

[0399] FIG. 19: shows a section through FIG. 18;

[0400] FIG. 20: shows a schematic view of a communication system;

[0401] FIG. 21: shows a schematic perspective view of a protective element;

[0402] FIG. 22: shows a detail of a section through the protective element shown in FIG. 21;

[0403] FIG. 23: shows a detail of a section through a further protective element;

[0404] FIG. 24: shows a further view of a protective element;

[0405] FIG. 25: shows a rough simplified view of a section through a protective element;

[0406] FIG. 26: shows a detail of a section through a further protective element;

[0407] FIG. 27: shows an alternative arrangement of contacting element and seal element;

[0408] FIG. 28: shows a contacting element on a carrier;

[0409] FIG. 29: shows a detail of a protective element in a perspective view;

[0410] FIG. 30: shows a further contacting element on a carrier;

[0411] FIG. 31: shows a detail of a section through a further protective element;

[0412] FIG. 32: shows a detail of a section through a further protective element;

[0413] FIG. 33: shows a detail of a section through a further protective element;

[0414] FIG. 34: shows a detail of a section through a further protective element;

[0415] FIG. 35: shows a detail of a section through a further protective element;

[0416] FIG. 36: shows a detail of a section through a further protective element;

[0417] FIG. 37: shows a perspective view of a section through a protective element having reinforcement zone; and

[0418] FIG. 38: shows an enlarged view of a detail from FIG. 37.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0419] FIG. 1 shows a protective element 102 embodied as an aluminum component 100. The protective element 102 comprises reinforcement ribs 104, which also consist of aluminum. The protective element 102 shown can be installed as a battery housing part 106. It can function in this case in particular as an underbody protective element 108.

[0420] The protective element 102 comprises an insulation layer 110, which can consist, for example, of a foam material.

[0421] The protective element 102 comprises a protective element surface 119 for attaching the protective element to a device that can be interfered with by electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields or to a source of electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields.

[0422] The protective element shown in FIG. 2 differs from the protective element shown in FIG. 1 in that it is not embodied as an aluminum component 100, but rather from a separate shielding component 109 and a further housing component 112, wherein the shielding component 109 and the housing component 112 are manufactured separately and then joined. The shielding component 109 can be manufactured from aluminum, for example, and can form a shielding layer 114, which is capable of substantially shielding electromagnetic radiation.

[0423] FIG. 3 shows a protective element 102. The protective element 102 comprises a shielding layer 114. The shielding layer 114 is a foil 105, for example, an aluminum foil 116. The protective element 102 comprises a plastic layer 118.

[0424] The protective element 102 shown in FIG. 3 comprises a contacting zone 120. The contacting zone 120 is an outer surface contacting zone 154. The protective element surface 119 comprises the outer surface contacting zone 154.

[0425] The protective element 102 shown in FIG. 3 comprises reinforcement layers 124. These are reinforcement layers 124 reinforced using fibers 126. The reinforcement layers 124 reinforced using fibers 126 are organic sheets 128.

[0426] The protective element shown in FIG. 3 comprises a protective layer 130. The protective layer 130 is an insulation layer 110. The insulation layer 110 can be electrically insulating and can be an electrically insulating protective layer 130. Alternatively or additionally, the insulation layer can be a high-temperature thermal insulation layer.

[0427] The ground 142 also shown in FIG. 3 forms a part of a device on which the protective element 102 can be arranged. In a motor vehicle and also in motorcycles and bicycles, the ground potential is the body or the frame. The term ground refers to this ground potential. In FIG. 3, the ground 142 is a frame 146 associated with a carrier structure 144. An electrical contact between the shielding layer 114 and the frame 146 comprised by the device exists via the contacting zone 120.

[0428] FIG. 4 shows section A-A from FIG. 3. An outer surface 156 of the shielding layer 114 forms the outer surface contacting zone 154.

[0429] In the area of the protective element 102 which section A-A shows, the shielding layer 114 is on the very outside in the layer structure. It forms a cover layer 152. The outer surface contacting zone 154 is in direct electrical contact with the ground 142. An electrical contact can therefore be established between the shielding layer 114 and the device which comprises the ground 142 by means of the outer surface contacting zone 154.

[0430] FIG. 5 shows section B-B from FIG. 3. The plastic layer 118 is a plastic core 148, which is arranged between reinforcement layers 124. One of the reinforcement layers 124 forms a cover ply 150. In the layer composite, the cover ply 150 forms a cover layer 152. The shielding layer 114 is arranged between the outer reinforcement layer 124 and the insulation layer 110, which forms a protective layer 130. The insulation layer 110 represents a further cover ply 150, which forms a further cover layer 152 in the layer composite.

[0431] A final layer in the layer structure of the layer composite is referred to herein as a cover layer 152.

[0432] The protective element 102 shown in FIG. 6 comprises a first shielding layer 114 for protection from electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields and a second shielding layer 115 for protection from electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields.

[0433] The protective element 102 shown in FIG. 6 comprises a shielding zone 113, in which the first and the second shielding layer 114 and 115 are spaced apart from one another. An intermediate layer 107 is arranged between the first shielding layer 114 and the second shielding layer 115. In the example shown here, the intermediate layer 107 is a reinforcement layer 124.

[0434] The intermediate layer 107 is arranged in the shielding zone 113 between the first shielding layer 114 and the second shielding layer 115.

[0435] A layer composite zone 117 is present, in which the first and the second shielding layer are connected by means of the intermediate layer 107. The layer composite zone 117, in which the first and the second shielding layer are connected by means of the intermediate layer 107, is present in the shielding zone 113.

[0436] The two shielding layers 114 and 115 are electrically conductive.

[0437] In the layer composite zone 117, in addition an insulation layer 110 is bound to a surface of the first shielding layer 114 and a plastic layer 118 is bound to a surface of the second shielding layer 115. The plastic layer 118 is present in the layer structure between a protective layer 130 and the second shielding layer 115. The layer structure is clear in particular from FIG. 8, which shows the section through the protective element 106 on FIG. 6 along line D-D. The insulation layer 110 on the first shielding layer 114 represents a cover ply 150, which forms a cover layer 152 in the layer composite. The protective layer 130 on the plastic layer 118 represents a further cover ply 150, which forms a further cover layer 152 in the layer composite.

[0438] It is clear from FIGS. 6 and 8 that the shielding layers 114 and 115 are each foils 105. These can each be aluminum foils 116, for example.

[0439] The protective element 102 shown in FIG. 6 comprises a contact zone 111, in which the first shielding layer 114 and the second shielding layer 115 are in electrical contact.

[0440] The protective element 102 also comprises a protective element surface 119. The protective element surface can be used to attach the protective element 102 to a device that can be interfered with by electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields or to a source of electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields.

[0441] The ground 142 likewise shown in FIG. 6 forms a part of such a device. The protective element 102 can be arranged on this device. The ground 142 in the example shown here is a frame associated with a carrier structure 144, for example, of a motor vehicle.

[0442] FIG. 7 shows a section through the protective element from FIG. 6 along line C-C.

[0443] The section shown in FIG. 7 also extends through the ground 142.

[0444] It is clear from FIG. 7 in particular that the first shielding layer 114 and the second shielding layer 115 are in electrical contact in the contact zone 111, through which the section shown in FIG. 7 is made. The reinforcement layer 124 functioning as the intermediate layer 107 thus does not extend into the contact zone 111. Surfaces of the shielding layer 114 and the shielding layer 115 facing toward one another are in electrical contact in the contact zone 111.

[0445] FIG. 7 also shows that the protective element 102 shown in FIG. 6 comprises a contacting zone 120. The contacting zone 120 is an outer surface contacting zone 154. The protective element surface 119 comprises the outer surface contacting zone 154.

[0446] In the area of the protective element 102 which section C-C shows, the first shielding layer 114 is on the very outside in the layer structure. It forms a cover layer 152.

[0447] The outer surface contacting zone 154 is in direct electrical contact with the ground 142. An electrical contact can therefore be established between the first shielding layer 114 and the device which comprises the ground 142 by means of the outer surface contacting zone 154.

[0448] FIG. 9 shows a schematic view of a further protective element 102. The protective element 102 comprises a first shielding layer 114 and a second shielding layer 115. In the example shown, the two shielding layers are foils 105, wherein the foils can be, for example, aluminum foils 116. The first shielding layer 114 and the second shielding layer 115 are spaced apart from one another in a shielding zone 113 comprised by the protective element 102.

[0449] Between the first shielding layer 114 and the second shielding layer 115, the protective element 102 comprises an intermediate layer 107. The intermediate layer 107 is a plastic layer 118 in the example shown here. The plastic layer 118 forms a plastic core 148 of the protective element 102.

[0450] The protective element shown in FIG. 9 additionally comprises a protective layer 130. The protective layer 130 is a plastic layer 118. The protective layer 130 is arranged on a surface of the second shielding layer 115 facing away from the intermediate layer 107. The first shielding layer 114, the intermediate layer 107, the second shielding layer 115, and the protective layer 130 form a layer composite.

[0451] The first shielding layer 114 and the protective layer 130 represent cover layers 152 of the protective element 102. This is clear in particular from FIG. 11, which shows a section through the protective element 102 shown in FIG. 9 along line F-F.

[0452] The protective element shown in FIG. 9 comprises a contact zone 111, in which the first shielding layer 114 and the second shielding layer 115 are in electrical contact.

[0453] FIG. 10 shows a section through the protective element from FIG. 9 along line E-E. It is clear in particular from FIG. 10 that surfaces of the two shielding layers 114 and 115 facing toward one another are in direct electrical contact. The intermediate layer 107 does not extend into the contact zone 111.

[0454] The protective element 102 shown in FIG. 9 comprises a protective element surface 119. The protective element 102 can be attached on the protective element surface 119 to a device that can be interfered with by electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields or to a source of electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields. FIG. 9 shows a possibility for attaching the protective element 102 to a ground 142 via the protective element surface 119. The ground 142 can be part of a device to which the protective element 102 is attached. The ground can be a frame 146 associated with a carrier structure 144.

[0455] The protective element 102 shown in FIG. 9 also comprises a contacting zone 120. The contacting zone 120 is an outer surface contacting zone 154. The protective element surface 119 comprises the outer surface contacting zone 154. An outer surface 156 of the first shielding layer 114 forms the outer surface contacting zone 154.

[0456] In the contact zone 111 shown in FIG. 10, the first shielding layer 114 is on the very outside in the layer structure. It forms a cover layer 152. The outer surface contacting zone 154 is in direct electrical contact with the ground 142. An electrical contact can therefore be established between the first shielding layer and the device which comprises the ground 142 by means of the outer surface contacting zone.

[0457] FIGS. 12 to 14 each schematically show an experimental setup for measuring the shielding attenuation. The same holding element 139, which also represents a ground 142, is shown in each case in FIGS. 12 to 14. A protective element 102 is arranged in the holding element 139 in each case. The protective elements 102 shown in each of FIGS. 12 to 14 are different. In the structure in FIG. 12, an aluminum component 100 in the form of an aluminum plate 101 is used as the protective element 102. The protective element thickness 213 corresponds to the thickness of the aluminum plate 101.

[0458] In the experimental set up shown in FIG. 13, the protective element 102 is a protective element which comprises a first shielding layer 114 and a second shielding layer 115. Both shielding layers are foils 105. These are aluminum foils 116.

[0459] The protective element 102 shown in FIG. 13 comprises a shielding zone 113, in which the first shielding layer 114 and the second shielding layer 115 are spaced apart from one another.

[0460] FIG. 13 additionally shows that a multi-ply intermediate layer 107 is arranged between the first shielding layer 114 and the second shielding layer 115. The multi-ply intermediate layer 107 comprises two plastic layers 118 and a reinforcement layer 124.

[0461] The two shielding layers 114 and 115 each form a cover layer 152. The cover layers 152 located on the outside in the layer structure are each attached via one of the plastic layers 118 to the reinforcement layer 124.

[0462] The protective element 102 shown in FIG. 13 comprises a contact zone 111. An electrical contact is established via a copper band 221 in the contact zone 111 between the first shielding layer 114 and the second shielding layer 115.

[0463] In FIG. 14, the protective element 102 comprises a first shielding layer 114 and a second shielding layer 115. The first shielding layer 114 is a shielding layer formed from a mu-metal 103. It is a foil 105 formed from the mu-metal 103. In a shielding zone 113 comprised by the protective element 102, the first shielding layer 114 and the second shielding layer 115 are spaced apart from one another. An intermediate layer 107 is arranged between the first shielding layer 114 and the second shielding layer 115. The intermediate layer is arranged in the shielding zone 113 between the first shielding layer 114 and the second shielding layer 115. The intermediate layer 107 is a plastic layer 118.

[0464] The protective element shown in FIG. 14 includes a layer composite zone 117, in which the first shielding layer 114 and the second shielding layer 115 are connected by means of the intermediate layer 107. The layer composite zone 117, in which the first shielding layer and the second shielding layer are connected by means of the intermediate layer 107, is present in the shielding zone 113.

[0465] The protective element 102 shown in FIG. 14 also differs from the protective element 102 shown in FIG. 13 in that it does not comprise a contact zone 111. In the protective element shown in FIG. 14, the first shielding layer 114 and the second shielding layer 115 are not in electrical contact with one another. Electrical contact is also not established between the first shielding layer 114 and the second shielding layer 115. Establishing such an electrical contact between the first shielding layer 114 and the second shielding layer 115 is not provided in the protective element shown in FIG. 14.

[0466] In addition, a source 127 of electromagnetic radiation is shown in FIG. 14. The source 127 can be, for example, a transmitter 125. The transmitter is arranged at a distance 129 to the protective element 102. The distance 129 can be varied arbitrarily.

[0467] In addition, a receiver 137 is shown in FIG. 14, which can include a sensor, for example, using which a power density can be measured at a given distance 131 to the protective element 102.

[0468] FIG. 15 shows the shielding attenuation in the experimental setup shown in FIG. 12 as a function of the distance 131 to the receiver 137 (horizontal axis) and as a function of the distance 129 of the transmitter 125 (vertical axis).

[0469] FIG. 16 shows the shielding attenuation in the experimental setup shown in FIG. 13 as a function of the distance 131 to the receiver 137 (horizontal axis) and as a function of the distance 129 of the transmitter 125 (vertical axis).

[0470] The shielding attenuations shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 are shielding attenuations of electromagnetic radiation at a frequency of 0.15 MHz.

[0471] A shielding attenuation of 70 to 72 dB was achieved in the area provided with reference sign 141.

[0472] A shielding attenuation of 68 to 70 dB was achieved in the area provided with reference sign 143.

[0473] A shielding attenuation of 66 to 68 dB was achieved in the area provided with reference sign 145.

[0474] A shielding attenuation of 64 to 66 dB was achieved in the area provided with reference sign 147.

[0475] A shielding attenuation of 59.5 to 60.5 dB was achieved in the area provided with reference sign 149.

[0476] A shielding attenuation of 58.5 to 59.5 dB was achieved in the area provided with reference sign 151.

[0477] A shielding attenuation of 57.5 to 58.5 dB was achieved in the area provided with reference sign 153.

[0478] The thickness 217 of the first shielding layer 114 was only 0.15 mm in the experimental setup of FIG. 13. The thickness 219 of the second shielding layer 115 was only 0.2 mm in the same experimental setup. In contrast, an aluminum plate 101 having a thickness of 10 mm was used in the experimental setup of FIG. 12. In the experimental setup of FIG. 13, the thickness of the intermediate layer 107 was selected so that a thickness of the protective element 102 of a total of 10 mm also resulted in this experimental setup. In both experimental setups, the protective element thickness was thus 10 mm. However, in total only approximately 3.5% of the aluminum which was contained in the aluminum plate 101 of the experimental setup shown in FIG. 12 was used in the experimental setup of FIG. 13.

[0479] Surprisingly, stronger shielding attenuations were measured throughout using the protective element 102 of the experimental setup from FIG. 13 in spite of the significantly lower content of electrically conductive material at all tested distances 129 and 131 than using the aluminum plate 101 of the experimental setup from FIG. 12.

[0480] It is presumed that the reflection can be increased using protective elements 102 according to the invention. An increased reflection factor presumably contributes to the increased shielding-attenuation effect.

[0481] It is presumed that similar increases of the shielding properties can be achieved in particular at close range (wavelength in the meter range) using a protective element according to FIG. 14. Magnetic field components can be redirected using a ferromagnetic shielding layer. It has been shown in this case that this is also possible without the production of an electrical contact of the ferromagnetic shielding layer with a further shielding layer.

[0482] FIG. 17 shows a protective element 102. The protective element 102 is an inverter housing element 161. However, it can also be used as a housing for another source of electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields and can therefore be used in a different way as a housing element 163.

[0483] The protective element shown in FIG. 17 comprises an interior 157. The interior 157 is enclosed by a side wall 171 and extends into a depression 197 up to a wall 173, from which the side wall 171 extends around the interior 157. The side wall 171 extends from the wall 173 up to a protective element surface 119. The protective element surface 119 is formed on a flange 165, which extends up to a protective element edge 167. The side wall 171 separates the interior 157 from an exterior 159 enclosing the protective element 102.

[0484] The protective element 102 shown in FIG. 17 comprises multiple feedthrough zones 155. Connecting devices 211, in particular electrical conductors, such as cables 191 or cable strands 193, can extend through the feedthrough zones 155 from the exterior 159 to an inverter which can be accommodated in the interior 157.

[0485] FIG. 18 shows a detail of a schematically shown energy supply system 199. The energy supply system 199 is an energy supply system 199 for an entirely or partially electrically driven motor vehicle.

[0486] The energy supply system 199 comprises multiple conversion devices 183. The conversion devices 183 are only schematically shown.

[0487] One of the conversion devices 183 is an electric motor 187 in the detail shown of an energy supply system 199.

[0488] Another conversion device 183 is an inverter 185.

[0489] The electric motor 187 forms a conversion device 183, since it is capable of converting electrical energy into a rotational movement.

[0490] The inverter 185 is a conversion device 183, since it is capable of converting direct current, which can be supplied to the inverter 185, for example, by an electrochemical energy storage device, into alternating current. The alternating current can be supplied to the electric motor 187.

[0491] The energy supply system 199 comprises a connecting device 211. This can be seen in particular in the section shown in FIG. 19. The associated sectional plane 189 is indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 18.

[0492] The connecting device 211 connects the two conversion devices 183.

[0493] The connecting device 211 comprises a cable 191. The cable can be associated with a cable strand 193 shown in FIG. 19.

[0494] The connecting device 211, the cable 191, and the cable strand 193 each form a source of electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields.

[0495] The energy supply system 199 comprises a protective element 102. The protective element 102 is arranged on the connecting device 211 to protect the surroundings of the energy supply system 199 from electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields.

[0496] To protect the surroundings, the connecting device 211 is accommodated in an interior 157 of the protective element 102. The interior 157 is formed by a depression 197 of the protective element 102. The connecting device 211 is accommodated in the depression 197 of the protective element 102.

[0497] The interior 157 represents a feedthrough zone 155, which extends from one end of the protective element 102, which faces toward the inverter 185, to another end of the protective element 102, which faces toward the electric motor 187.

[0498] The protective element 102 is shown greatly simplified in each of FIGS. 17, 18, and 19. It is a protective element according to the invention in each case. However, the layer structure is not shown.

[0499] The protective elements 102 of the housing element 163 or the energy supply system 199 can be constructed, for example, as shown in one of FIGS. 6 to 14.

[0500] The protective element 102 shown in FIGS. 18 and 19 only has a specific shape which is used for shielding cable-shaped sources 195. The protective element 102 can be, for example, a cable shielding element 181.

[0501] It comprises a protective element surface 119. The protective element surface 119 is used to attach the protective element to a carrier structure 144 of a frame 146 used as a ground 142. Since the source 195 extends along a surface of the carrier structure 144, the protective element surface 119 is used at the same time to attach the protective element 102 to the source 195 of electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields.

[0502] FIG. 20 schematically shows a communication system. The communication system 201 is a communication system 201 for an entirely or partially electrically driven motor vehicle.

[0503] The communication system 201 comprises a first communication unit 203, which includes an interface 207 for emitting an electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic signal 209. The first communication unit 203 additionally includes further interfaces 207.

[0504] The communication system 201 comprises a second communication unit 205, which includes an interface 207 for receiving the electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic signal 209 of the first communication unit.

[0505] In the example shown, a cable connection used to transmit the signal 209 from an interface 207 of the first communication unit 203 to an interface 207 of the second communication unit 205 is indicated.

[0506] The signal 209 could likewise be transmitted wirelessly, however. Thus, for example, the first communication unit 203 could include an interface 207 for emitting the signal 209, which transmits the signal 209 on a surrounding medium, for example, air. The second communication unit 205 could include an interface to receive the signal 209 from the medium, for example, air. Thus, for example, the interface 207 of the first communication unit 203 could comprise a transmitter and the interface 207 of the second communication unit 205 could comprise a receiver.

[0507] Like the first communication unit 203, the second communication unit 205 can also include further interfaces 207, which are indicated in FIG. 20.

[0508] The first communication unit 203 can be, for example, a control unit of a motor vehicle.

[0509] The second communication unit 205 can be, for example, a control unit of a motor vehicle.

[0510] The two communication units 203 and 205 can be, for example, control units of a motor vehicle.

[0511] In particular if the signal 209 is a signal 209 transmitted via the medium, for example, air, the first communication unit 203 can be a communication unit of one motor vehicle and the second communication unit 205 can be a communication unit of a further motor vehicle.

[0512] The communication system 201 shown in FIG. 20 comprises a protective element 102, which is only schematically shown in FIG. 20. The protective element 102 is used to protect the first communication unit 203 from electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields. The layer structure of the protective element 102 is not shown.

[0513] FIG. 20 shows, in addition to the communication system 201, a conversion device 183. The conversion device 183 can be, for example, an electric motor 187 or an inverter 185. The protective element 102 is used to protect a communication unit 203 from electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields, which can be generated by the conversion device 183.

[0514] FIG. 21 shows a protective element 102 which is shown in roughly simplified form and which can be, for example, a battery housing part 106 or a housing tray for an electrochemical energy storage device of a motor vehicle, for example, for a high-voltage battery device.

[0515] A contacting zone 120 of the protective element 102 is also indicated in FIG. 21.

[0516] FIG. 22 shows a section through the protective element 102 from FIG. 21 along the dot-dash line, wherein further details are shown in the section.

[0517] The contacting element 132 additionally shown in FIG. 22 is deformable and elastic. The contacting element 132 includes fibers 268, which are contained in a fibrous material 270.

[0518] The contacting zone 120 is an outer surface contacting zone 154, wherein the outer surface contacting zone 154 is formed on an outer surface 156 of the shielding layer 114.

[0519] The fibrous material 270 of the contacting element 132 extends around a compression zone 272. During an installation of the protective element 102 on a motor vehicle, the contacting element 132 can be deformed, wherein the contacting element 132 and its compression zone 272 are compressed, for example, rammed, in particular in the installation direction.

[0520] The contacting element 132 shown is a hollow contacting element 274, through which the compression zone 272 extends. The contacting element 132 can be, for example, a fiber material tube 278, for example, a fabric tube 276.

[0521] The protective element 102 includes a positioning and/or alignment element 280, which in the example shown here is a positioning and/or alignment projection 282. The positioning and/or alignment element 280 is arranged at the contacting zone 120.

[0522] The fiber material tube 278, for example, the fabric tube 276, is arranged on the positioning and/or alignment element 280, for example, on the positioning and/or alignment projection 282 and on the contacting zone 120.

[0523] The protective element includes two seal elements 180, which are each partially accommodated in a seal element receptacle 182. The seal elements 180 can independently of one another contain, for example, an elastic sealing material or can be produced therefrom, for example, a natural or synthetic rubber, e.g., an ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM), a silicone rubber (VMQ), and/or a fluorine rubber (FPM), a polyurethane (PU), and/or an ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE).

[0524] FIG. 23 shows a section through another protective element 102, which differs with regard to the contacting element 132 from the protective element 102 shown in FIGS. 21 and 22. The contacting element 132 is arranged on a deformable and/or elastic carrier 300. The contacting element 132 extends from an inner side 302 of the carrier 300 up to an outer side 306 of the carrier 300. The inner side 302 of the carrier 300 is at the same time a protective element side 304 of the carrier 300. It faces toward the contacting zone 120. The outer side 306 of the carrier is at the same time a device side 308 of the carrier 300 which faces away from the contacting zone 120.

[0525] The carrier 300 contains an elastic sealing material 338, from which the carrier 300 can preferably be produced. The elastic sealing material 338 can be, for example, an ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM).

[0526] An electrical contact bridged by the contacting element 132 can be established in each case between the contacting zone 120 and a device to be contacted, wherein a surface of the contacting element 132 is in electrically conductive contact with the contacting zone 120, and a further surface of the contacting element 132, on the outer side 306 of the carrier, can be brought into electrically conductive contact with the device.

[0527] The contacting elements 132 shown in FIGS. 22 and 23 are each electrically conductive.

[0528] The contacting element 132 shown in FIG. 23 contains an electrically conductive material 310. The electrically conductive material 310 can be or contain a metallic material 312, in particular aluminum 314.

[0529] FIG. 24 shows the protective element 102, which is also shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, in a top view.

[0530] The protective element 102 shown in FIGS. 21, 22, and 24 has an extension 318 in a first direction 316 which is greater than an extension 322 of the protective element 102 in a second direction 320, which is aligned orthogonally to the first direction 316.

[0531] The extension 322 of the protective element 102 in the second direction 320 is greater than an extension 326 of the protective element 102 in a third direction 324, which is aligned orthogonally to the first direction 316 and to the second direction 320.

[0532] The first extension 318 can be a length of the protective element 102. The second extension 322 can be a width of the protective element 102. The third extension 326 can be a depth of the protective element 102.

[0533] For example, the length can be approximately 2 m to 3 m, the width approximately 1 m to 2 m, and the depth approximately 5 cm to 50 cm.

[0534] It can be seen clearly in FIG. 23 that the contacting element 132 extends around the carrier. It extends on both sides, on an edge side 328 of the carrier 300, which faces toward a protective element edge 167, and on an edge-averted side 330 of the carrier 300, which faces away from a protective element edge 167, in each case from the inner side 302 and/or protective element side 304 to the outer side 306 and/or device side 308.

[0535] FIGS. 25, 26, 29, and 31 to 33 each illustrate further protective elements 102, each of which comprises differently designed contacting elements 132, in rough simplified illustrations. The protective elements 102 shown therein each include, like the protective elements 102 shown in FIGS. 22 to 24, a seal element 180 and a seal element receptacle 182. At least one of multiple seal elements 180 extends in each case in the seal element receptacle 182 on the protective element 102.

[0536] In the protective elements 102 shown in FIGS. 25, 26, 29, and 31 to 33, in each case one of the seal elements 180 includes the contacting element 132 and the carrier 300. The contacting element 132 is arranged in each case on the deformable and/or elastic carrier 300.

[0537] It would instead likewise be possible, for example, that the contacting element 132 includes or forms the seal element 180, for example, the seal element 180 could be formed by a metallic spring element functioning as the contact element 132, which has legs elastically deformable in relation to one another, wherein one leg could be able to lie against the device and the other leg could lie against the contacting zone.

[0538] FIGS. 28 and 30 each show a contacting element 132, which extends on the carrier 300 on only one side from the inner side 302 and/or protective element side 304 to the outer side 306 and/or device side 308.

[0539] For example, the contacting element 132 can extend on an edge side 328 of the carrier 300, which in an installed state on the protective element 102 can face toward a protective element edge 167, from the inner side 302 and/or protective element side 304 to the outer side 306 and/or device side 308 (FIGS. 30, 31).

[0540] Alternatively, the contacting element 132 can extend on an edge-averted side 330 of the carrier 300, which can face away from a protective element edge 167, from the inner side 302 and/or protective element side 300 toward to the outer side 306 and/or device side 308 (FIG. 28 in conjunction with FIG. 31).

[0541] It can be advantageous if the contacting element 132 and/or the carrier 300 is attached in or on the contacting zone 120. For example, the contacting element 132 and/or the carrier 300 can be attached in or on the contacting zone 120 so that an electrical contact of the contacting element 132 with the contacting zone 120 exists or can be established or stabilized. Different options exist for this purpose. A part of these options is indicated in FIGS. 26, 27, 28, 30, 31, 32, and 33.

[0542] For example, as shown in each of FIGS. 31 to 33, the contacting element 132 and/or the carrier 300 can be attached in or on the contacting zone 120 via a connecting material 334 arranged in a connecting zone 332. FIGS. 28 and 30 each also provide a connecting material 334 arranged in a connecting zone 332 on the contacting element 132 and/or on the carrier 300 for attachment in or on a contacting zone 120.

[0543] Alternatively, the contacting element 132 and/or the carrier 300 can be attached to the contacting zone 120 by means of an auxiliary element 336, which can be, for example, a seal element 180, so that an electrical contact of the contacting element 132 with the contacting zone 120 exists or can be established or stabilized.

[0544] This is indicated in FIGS. 26 and 27. For example, the auxiliary element 336 can be attached to the contacting zone 120 or in another area of the protective element 102 and the contacting element 132 and/or the carrier 300 can be attached to the auxiliary element 336 (FIG. 26). FIG. 27 shows a reversed arrangement of the contacting element 132 arranged on the carrier 300 and the auxiliary element 336 in a non-installed state.

[0545] With respect to FIG. 26, it is to be noted that it can be particularly advantageous if in place of the carrier 300 provided with the contacting element 132 and the seal element 180 shown on the left adjacent thereto, a carrier shown in FIG. 28 or a carrier shown in FIG. 30, which is provided with a contacting element 132 and which can also be used as the seal element 180, can be used.

[0546] FIGS. 34 to 36 show sectional views of edge areas of protective elements 102. The protective elements 102 shown therein each include a base body 339, for example, a plastic base body 340. The shielding layer 114 extends in the protective elements 102, which are shown in FIGS. 34 and 35, through the base body 339. In the protective element 102 which is shown in FIG. 36, the shielding layer 114 is arranged on the base body 339.

[0547] The protective elements 102 shown in FIGS. 34 to 36 each include a coupling auxiliary element 342. The coupling auxiliary element 342 can be, for example, a sleeve 344. A screw or a bolt can be led through the coupling auxiliary element 342.

[0548] The protective elements 102 shown in FIGS. 34 to 36 each include a seal element 180.

[0549] The protective elements 102 shown in FIGS. 34 and 35 each include a seal element receptacle 182. In the protective elements 102 shown in FIGS. 34 and 35, the seal element 180 is in each case partially accommodated in the seal element receptacle 182.

[0550] FIGS. 34 and 35 show that the protective element 102 shown therein includes in each case two positioning and/or alignment elements 280, which are each a positioning and/or alignment projection 282.

[0551] The positioning and/or alignment element 280 shown farther to the right is arranged on the contacting zone.

[0552] The seal element extends along the two positioning and/or alignment elements 280 in the seal element receptacle 182 located therebetween.

[0553] FIGS. 34 and 35 show that the contacting zone can be formed in each case by a raised zone 346, for example, by a fold 348.

[0554] The protective element 102 shown in FIG. 35 includes a contact pressure zone 350, in which the shielding layer 114 overlaps the coupling auxiliary element 342.

[0555] In place of the seal element 180 and the seal element receptacle 182 shown in FIGS. 34 and 35, the protective element shown in FIG. 36 includes a seal element 180 in the form of a liquid seal 184.

[0556] FIG. 37 shows a small detail of a protective element 102 in a perspective sectional view. FIG. 38 shows an enlarged detail of FIG. 37 in a rough simplified schematic view. The section shown therein is a section led through an installation recess 360. A screw, which is shown by dashed lines, or a bolt can be led through the installation recess 360.

[0557] The protective element 102 shown in FIG. 37 can be, for example, an underbody protective element 108 and/or a battery housing part 106. A contacting zone 120 which can be, for example, an outer surface contacting zone 154, can be provided laterally offset to the detail shown. This is indicated in FIG. 37 by the reference signs 120 and 154.

[0558] For example, one of the protective elements 102 entirely or partially shown or indicated in FIGS. 2, 3, 6, 9, 17, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 29, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, and 36 can include an installation recess 360 and in each case can include therein one or more of the features described here in conjunction with FIG. 37 or 38.

[0559] Thus, for example, in the protective element 102 which is shown in FIG. 31, an installation recess 360 shown in FIG. 37 can be provided or formed between the seal element receptacle 182 and the protective element edge 167. The coupling auxiliary element 342 shown in FIGS. 34 to 36 can be seated in an installation recess 360, which can have one or more of the features shown in FIGS. 37 and 38. An installation recess located close to the protective element edge 167 is indicated in each of FIGS. 22 and 23, but is not provided with a reference sign therein in each case.

[0560] The protective element 102 shown in FIG. 37 includes a reinforcement zone 352. The reinforcement zone 352 includes reinforcement fibers 354 and a fiber connecting material 356. Reinforcement fibers 354 are connected using the fiber connecting material 356 in the reinforcement zone 352.

[0561] The reinforcement zone 352 extends through a suspension zone 358.

[0562] The protective element 102 shown in FIG. 37 can be, for example, an underbody protective element 108. It can be installed on a device (not shown) in the suspension zone 358 by means of the installation recess 360 extending through the suspension zone 358 and the screw shown by dashed lines.

[0563] Alternatively, it would be possible that a component, for example, a component of a high-voltage battery device, would be able to be attached, for example, installed on the protective element 102, for example, underbody protective element 108, in the suspension zone 358, for example, by means of an installation recess 360 extending through the suspension zone 358 and a screw or a bolt.

[0564] However, the reinforcement zone 352 can alternatively or additionally extend in other areas of the protective element 102, which are not shown in FIG. 37. For example, the protective element, as indicated in FIG. 17, for example, can include a side wall 171 and an interior 157, wherein the interior 157 is enclosed by the side wall 171. The reinforcement zone 352 can extend, for example, through at least one section of the side wall 171 or can reinforce the entire side wall 171.

[0565] The reinforcement fibers 354 are glass fibers 362 in the protective element 102 shown in FIGS. 37 and 38.

[0566] The reinforcement zone 352 includes a fiber laying 358. The fiber laying 358 is a glass fiber laying 364. It is multi-ply, as indicated in FIG. 38. The glass fibers 362 used as the reinforcement fibers 354 are aligned unidirectionally in at least one ply 366 of the reinforcement zone 352.

[0567] The glass fibers 362 used as the reinforcement fibers 354 are aligned unidirectionally in at least one further ply 368 of the reinforcement zone 352, wherein the alignment of the glass fibers 362 in the at least one further ply 368 of the reinforcement zone 352 differs from the alignment of the reinforcement fibers 354, for example, the glass fibers 362 in the at least one ply 366 of the reinforcement zone 352. In the one ply 366, the glass fibers 362 extend along the plane of section. In the further ply 368, the glass fibers 362 extend transversely to the plane of section. In particular with regard to the mass proportion of the reinforcement fibers 354, FIG. 38 represents a rough simplification, since a large part of the reinforcement fibers 354 were omitted therein.

[0568] The protective element 102 which is shown in FIGS. 37 and 38 includes a sealing layer 370. A section of the sealing layer 370 which is arranged on the reinforcement zone 352 and seals at least one section of the reinforcement zone 352 is shown in the two figures.

[0569] The at least one sealed section of the reinforcement zone 352 is a section of the suspension zone 358 which extends around the installation recess 380.

[0570] The sealing layer 370 shown therein does not contain reinforcement fibers. It can contain a thermoplastic, such as polypropylene, and/or can be produced from a thermoplastic, such as polypropylene.

LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

[0571] 100 aluminum component [0572] 101 aluminum plate [0573] 102 protective element [0574] 103 mu-metal [0575] 104 reinforcement rib [0576] 105 foil [0577] 106 battery housing part [0578] 107 intermediate layer [0579] 108 underbody protective element [0580] 109 shielding component [0581] 110 insulation layer [0582] 111 contact zone [0583] 112 housing component [0584] 113 shielding zone [0585] 114, 115 shielding layer [0586] 116 aluminum foil [0587] 117 layer composite zone [0588] 118 plastic layer [0589] 119 protective element surface [0590] 120 contacting zone [0591] 124 reinforcement layer [0592] 125 transmitter [0593] 126 fibers [0594] 127 source [0595] 128 organic plate [0596] 129, 131 distance [0597] 130 protective layer [0598] 132 contacting element [0599] 135 sensor [0600] 137 receiver [0601] 139 holding element [0602] 141, 143, 145, 147, 149, 151, 153 area [0603] 142 ground [0604] 144 carrier structure [0605] 146 frame [0606] 148 plastic core [0607] 150 cover ply [0608] 152 cover layer [0609] 154 outer surface contacting zone [0610] 155 feedthrough zone [0611] 156 outer surface [0612] 157 interior [0613] 159 exterior [0614] 161 inverter housing element [0615] 163 housing element [0616] 165 flange [0617] 167 protective element edge [0618] 171 side wall [0619] 173 wall [0620] 180 seal element [0621] 181 cable shielding element [0622] 182 seal element receptacle [0623] 183 conversion device [0624] 184 liquid seal [0625] 185 inverter [0626] 187 electric motor [0627] 189 plane of section [0628] 191 cable [0629] 193 cable strand [0630] 195 source [0631] 197 depression [0632] 199 energy supply system [0633] 201 communication system [0634] 203 first communication unit [0635] 205 second communication unit [0636] 207 interface [0637] 209 signal [0638] 211 connecting device [0639] 213 protective element thickness [0640] 217, 219 thickness [0641] 221 copper band [0642] 268 fibers [0643] 270 fibrous material [0644] 272 compression zone [0645] 274 hollow contacting element [0646] 276 fabric tube [0647] 278 fiber material tube [0648] 280 positioning and/or alignment element [0649] 282 alignment projection [0650] 300 carrier [0651] 302 inner side of the carrier [0652] 304 protective element side of the carrier [0653] 306 outer side of the carrier [0654] 308 device side of the carrier [0655] 310 electrically conductive material [0656] 312 metallic material [0657] 314 aluminum [0658] 316 first direction [0659] 318 extension in the first direction [0660] 320 second direction [0661] 322 extension in the second direction [0662] 324 third direction [0663] 326 extension in the third direction [0664] 328 edge side of the carrier [0665] 330 edge-averted side of the carrier [0666] 332 connecting zone [0667] 334 connecting material [0668] 336 auxiliary element [0669] 338 sealing material [0670] 339 base body [0671] 340 plastic base body [0672] 342 coupling auxiliary element [0673] 344 sleeve [0674] 346 raised zone [0675] 348 fold [0676] 350 contact pressure zone [0677] 352 reinforcement zone [0678] 354 reinforcement fibers [0679] 356 fiber connecting material [0680] 358 suspension zone [0681] 360 installation recess [0682] 362 glass fibers [0683] 364 glass fiber laying [0684] 366 ply of the reinforcement zone [0685] 368 further ply of the reinforcement zone [0686] 370 sealing layer [0687] 372 sealing ring [0688] 374 sealing material [0689] 376 sealing surface

[0690] Certain subjects of the invention can be described in more detail by the following sentences:

[0691] 1. A protective element (102) for improving electromagnetic compatibility, wherein the protective element (102) comprises the following: [0692] a first shielding layer (114) for protection from electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields and [0693] a second shielding layer (115) for protection from electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields.

[0694] 2. The protective element (102) according to sentence 1, characterized in that [0695] the protective element (102) comprises the following: [0696] a shielding zone (113), in which the first and the second shielding layer (114, 115) are spaced apart from one another.

[0697] 3. The protective element (102) according to one of sentences 1 or 2, characterized in that [0698] an intermediate layer (107) is arranged between the first shielding layer (114) and the second shielding layer (115), [0699] wherein the intermediate layer (107) is preferably arranged in the shielding zone (113) between the first shielding layer (114) and the second shielding layer (115).

[0700] 4. The protective element (102) according to any one of the preceding sentences, characterized in that [0701] a layer composite zone (117) is present, in which the first and the second shielding layer (114, 115) are connected by means of the intermediate layer (107), [0702] wherein the layer composite zone (117), in which the first and the second shielding layer (114, 115) are connected by means of the intermediate layer (107), is preferably present in the shielding zone (113).

[0703] 5. The protective element (102) according to any one of the preceding sentences, characterized in that [0704] the shielding layers (114, 115) are electrically conductive.

[0705] 6. The protective element (102) according to any one of the preceding sentences, characterized in that [0706] at least one of the shielding layers (114, 115), for example, the first shielding layer (114), has a relative permeability .sub.r of at least 10, for example, of at least 5000.

[0707] 7. The protective element (102) according to any one of the preceding sentences, preferably according to sentence 6, [0708] characterized in that [0709] at least one of the shielding layers (114, 115), for example, the first shielding layer (114), is ferromagnetic.

[0710] 8. The protective element (102) according to any one of the preceding sentences, preferably according to sentence 6 or 7, [0711] characterized in that [0712] at least one of the shielding layers (114, 115), for example, the first shielding layer (114), contains a mu-metal (103) or is formed from a mu-metal (103).

[0713] 9. The protective element (102) according to any one of the preceding sentences, preferably according to any one of preceding sentences 1 to 5, [0714] characterized in that [0715] the protective element (102) comprises the following: [0716] a contact zone (111), in which the first and the second shielding layer (114, 115) are in electrical contact or in which an electrical contact can be established between the first and the second shielding layer (114, 115).

[0717] 10. The protective element (102) according to any one of the preceding sentences, characterized in that [0718] at least one of the shielding layers (114, 115), for example, at least the second shielding layer (115), contains the following: [0719] a metallic alloy, wherein the metallic alloy can be, for example, a metallic alloy based on aluminum, copper, iron, or silver; [0720] a conductive carbon material, wherein the conductive carbon material can contain, for example, carbon fibers or graphite; [0721] a composite made of a metal and a textile material, preferably a metallically coated textile material, wherein the textile material can preferably be a knitted fabric, a woven fabric, a laying, a knit, a mesh, or a nonwoven material, for example, a composite made of an aluminum foil and a PET nonwoven material; [0722] a foil, preferably a metal foil, for example, an aluminum foil; [0723] an expanded metal; [0724] a regular fibrous planar formation, wherein the regular fibrous planar formation can be, for example, a knitted fabric, a woven fabric, a laying, a knit, or a mesh; and/or [0725] an irregular fibrous planar formation, wherein the irregular fibrous planar formation can be, for example, a nonwoven material.

[0726] 11. The protective element (102) according to any one of the preceding sentences, characterized in that [0727] at least one of the shielding layers (114, 115), for example, at least the second shielding layer (115), is provided as [0728] a foil (105), [0729] a plate, [0730] a regular fibrous planar formation, wherein the regular fibrous planar formation can be, for example, a woven fabric, a knit, or a mesh, or as [0731] an irregular fibrous planar formation, wherein the irregular fibrous planar formation can be, for example, a nonwoven material.

[0732] 12. The protective element (102) according to any one of the preceding sentences, characterized in that [0733] at least one of the shielding layers (114, 115), for example, at least the second shielding layer (115), is selected among: [0734] an aluminum foil (116), [0735] an aluminum mesh, [0736] a stainless-steel mesh, [0737] a bronze mesh, [0738] a copper mesh, [0739] a plastic nonwoven material (for example, PET nonwoven material) having applied aluminum film, [0740] a plastic nonwoven material (for example, PET nonwoven material), which is coated on one side using copper, [0741] a carbon fiber-containing unidirectional tape, [0742] a nonwoven material made of recycled carbon fibers, [0743] a graphite film, and [0744] a polymer (for example, polypropylene) in combination with an aluminum mesh.

[0745] 13. The protective element (102) according to any one of the preceding sentences, characterized in that [0746] at least one of the shielding layers (114, 115), for example, at least the second shielding layer (115), contains a metal, for example, aluminum, copper, iron, and/or silver, [0747] wherein it is preferred if at least one of the shielding layers (114, 115), for example, at least the second shielding layer (115), contains aluminum.

[0748] 14. The protective element (102) according to any one of the preceding sentences, characterized in that [0749] a thickness of at least one of the shielding layers (114, 115), for example, a thickness of the second shielding layer (115) is at most 3 mm, for example, 0.001 to 0.7 mm.

[0750] 15. The protective element (102) according to any one of the preceding sentences, characterized in that [0751] at least one of the shielding layers (114, 115), for example, at least the second shielding layer (115), is an aluminum foil (116) or an aluminum plate.

[0752] 16. The protective element (102) according to any one of sentences 10 to 15, characterized in that the foil (105), metal foil, or aluminum foil (116) is attached by means of an adhesion promoter to an adjacent layer, for example, intermediate layer (107).

[0753] 17. The protective element (102) according to any one of the preceding sentences, characterized in that [0754] at least one of the shielding layers (114, 115) is formed on a surface of a substrate layer, [0755] wherein the at least one of the shielding layers (114, 115) is preferably formed on the surface by deposition from a surrounding medium, [0756] wherein the at least one of the shielding layers (114, 115) can be vapor deposited, for example, on the surface.

[0757] 18. The protective element (102) according to any one of the preceding sentences, characterized in that the protective element (102) comprises the following: [0758] a protective element surface (119) for attaching the protective element to a device that can be interfered with by electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields or to a source of electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields.

[0759] 19. An energy supply system (199), for example, for an entirely or partially electrically driven motor vehicle, [0760] wherein the energy supply system (199) comprises the following: [0761] at least two conversion devices (183), [0762] a connecting device (211), which connects the at least two conversion devices (183), and [0763] at least one protective element (102) according to any one of sentences 1 to 18 on at least one of the at least two conversion devices (183) and/or on the connecting device (211) to protect the surroundings of the energy supply system (199) from electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields, [0764] wherein it is preferred if, to protect the surroundings, at least one of the at least two conversion devices (183) and/or the connecting device (211) is entirely or partially accommodated in an interior (157) or in a depression (197) of the at least one protective element (102).

[0765] 20. A communication system (201), for example, for an entirely or partially electrically driven motor vehicle, [0766] wherein the communication system (201) comprises the following: [0767] a first communication unit (203), which includes an interface (207) for emitting an electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic signal (209), [0768] a second communication unit (205), which includes an interface (207) for receiving the electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic signal (209) of the first communication unit, and [0769] at least one protective element (102) according to any one of sentences 1 to 18 to protect at least one of the communication units (203, 205) from electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields, [0770] wherein it is preferred if, to protect the at least one of the communication units (203, 205) from electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields, the at least one of the communication units (203, 205) is entirely or partially accommodated in an interior (157) or in a depression (197) of the protective element (102).

[0771] 21. A motor vehicle, for example, an entirely or partially electrically driven motor vehicle, wherein the motor vehicle comprises the following: [0772] a source (195) of electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields, wherein the source (195) can advantageously be a conversion device (183) of an energy supply system (199) of the motor vehicle, for example, an electric motor (187) or an inverter (185), or a connecting device (211), wherein the connecting device (211) can connect two conversion devices (183) to one another, [0773] a device that can be interfered with by electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields, wherein the device that can be interfered with by electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields can be or comprise, for example, a communication unit (203, 205) of the motor vehicle, and [0774] at least one protective element (102) according to any one of sentences 1 to 18, wherein the protective element (102) is entirely or partially arranged between the source (195) and the device that can be interfered with by the electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields.