Abstract
A ramp-resistance beam for delimiting a length of a formed road surface, transversely across the road surface, provided with a rear vertical wall for delimiting the front end vertical periphery of the road surface, and with an opposite front part of the beam having a sloped wall that defines a ramp of the beam. The ramp-resistance beam consists of a longitudinal base plate (1) and, optionally, of at least one overlay plate (1a, 1b) stacked onto the base plate (1), the base plate (1) and the overlay plate(s) (1a, 1b), if present, having, approximately, a right trapezoidal cross-section, and, moreover, the base plate (1) consists of rectangular serially arranged segments (8, 9), the side walls (7) of which are adjacent to each other and are fastened to each other by means of separable horizontal joints (11, 16, 19).
Claims
1-15. (canceled)
16. A ramp-resistance beam, for delimiting a length of a formed road surface, transversely across the road surface, provided with a rear vertical wall for delimiting a front end vertical periphery of this road surface, and with an opposite front part of the beam having a sloped wall that defines a ramp of the beam, consists of a longitudinal base plate and, optionally, of at least one overlay plate, stacked onto the base plate, the base plate and the overlay plate, if present, having, approximately, a right trapezoidal cross-section, and, moreover, the base plate consists of rectangular serially arranged segments, the side walls of which are adjacent to each other and are fastened to each other horizontally by means of separable horizontal joints.
17. The ramp-resistance beam according to claim 16 characterized in that the width of the overlay plate is smaller than the width of the base plate, and the rear vertical walls of the stacked plates, i.e., the base plate and the overlay plates, are situated in the same plane, whereas the front sloped walls of the base plate and of the overlay plates are situated one by one defining a ramp P1 of the beam, and, moreover, the overlay plate consists of rectangular serially arranged adjacent segments, that are adjacent to each other with their side walls.
18. The ramp-resistance beam according to claim 16, characterized in that the stacked on each other segments of the stacked plates, are fastened to each other vertically by means of separable vertical joints.
19. The ramp-resistance beam according to claim 16, characterized in that it consists of the base plate and of one to six, preferably two to three, stacked overlay plates of gradually changing widths, decreasing upwardly relative to the base plate.
20. The ramp-resistance beam according to anyone of claim 16, characterized in that the side walls of the adjacent segments of the base plate are fastened to each other by horizontal bolted joints, each of which has a bolt with a nut, and, moreover, a pass-through window is created in the periphery of every segment, whereas openings are made in the side walls of the segments, the outlets of which are located within the windows of the segments, and in that a bolt is passed through adjacent openings of both segments, the head of which is located within the window of one of the segments and adheres to the periphery of that window, and a nut is screwed onto the threaded end of the bolt that is located within the window of the second segment.
21. The ramp-resistance beam according to anyone of claim 16, characterized in that the side walls of the adjacent segments of the base plate are fastened to each other by horizontal bolted joints, each of which is made from a bolt, and a pass-through window is created in the periphery of one of the segment, and openings are made in the side walls of the segments, and in that a bolt is placed in the smooth opening of the segment with the pass-through window, the head of which adheres to the periphery of the window of this segment, and the threaded end of the bolt is screwed into the threaded opening of the second segment.
22. The ramp-resistance beam according to anyone of claim 16, characterized in that the side walls of the adjacent segments of the base plate are fastened to each other by horizontal cotter joints, each of which is created in two flat inserts seated in the side walls of the segments, and a flat pin is created in the insert of one of the segments, the pin having a wedge-like front end shape and being directed transversely to the top walls of the segment, and along the whole height of the pin the width of its end face is bigger than its width at the pin's base, whereas a slot is formed in the insert of the second segment, adapted to the shape of the pin and meshed with it.
23. The ramp-resistance beam according to anyone of claim 16, characterized in that the stacked on each other segments of the stacked plates are fastened to each other in pairs by means of vertical tongue-and-groove joints, and the tongue of every joint has a form of a peg that protrudes transversely from the top wall of one of the segments and is recessed in an opening adjusted to the shape of the peg and drilled within the top wall of the second segment.
24. The ramp-resistance beam according to anyone of claim 16, characterized in that the stacked on each other segments of the stacked plates are fastened to each other in pairs by means of screwed vertical joints, every joint being made from a bolt that is placed in the smooth opening of one of the segments, adheres with its head to its top wall and is screwed with its threaded end into the threaded opening of the second segment.
25. The ramp-resistance beam according to anyone of claim 16, characterized in that the end section of the upper top wall in the rear part of each of the segments of the base plate is sloped towards the rear vertical wall of these segments.
26. The ramp-resistance beam according to anyone of claim 16, characterized in that the end sections of both parallel top walls in the rear part of each of the segments of the overlay plate are sloped towards the vertical walls of these segments.
27. The ramp-resistance beam according to claim 25, characterized in that the slope of the end section of the top wall of each of the segments of the base plate and of the overlay plates defines the slope, and the angle of the slope is from 1 to 6 degrees.
28. The ramp-resistance beam, for delimiting a length of a formed road surface, transversely across the road surface, provided with a rear vertical wall for delimiting the front end vertical periphery of this road surface, and with an opposite front part of the beam including a sloped wall that defines a ramp of the beam, consists of a longitudinal base plate and, optionally, of at least one overlay plate, seated on the base plate, the base plate and the overlay plate, if present, having, approximately, a right trapezoidal cross-section, and, moreover, the base plate consists of rectangular serially arranged segments, the side walls of which are adjacent to each other and are fastened to each other horizontally by means of separable horizontal joints, and at least some segments of the base plate are modular, and such a modular segment consists of a body and a ramp module having a sloped wall.
29. The ramp-resistance beam according to claim 28, characterized in that the overlay plate consists of rectangular serially arranged adjacent segments that are adjacent to each other with their side walls, and at least some segments of the overlay plates are modular, and such a modular segment consists of a body and a ramp module having a sloped wall.
30. The use of the ramp-resistance beam as defined in claim 29, for delimiting a length of a formed road surface, by extending said beam horizontally transversely across the road surface, such that the beam adheres with its rear vertical wall to the front end vertical periphery of this road surface, and with its opposite front part of the beam, with a sloped wall defining a ramp, the beam is facing in an opposite direction away from the vertical periphery of the road surface, and, optionally, the beam is fastened to the road surface substrate.
Description
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0031] The invention is presented in an embodiment shown in the drawings, in which:
[0032] FIG. 1—shows a vertical cross-sectional view of a ramp-resistance beam seated onto the road surface,
[0033] FIG. 2—shows a top view of the beam of FIG. 1,
[0034] FIG. 3—shows a vertical cross-sectional view of a ramp-resistance beam consisting of a base plate and an overlay plate,
[0035] FIG. 4—shows a top view of the beam of FIG. 3,
[0036] FIG. 5—shows a vertical cross-sectional view of a ramp-resistance beam consisting of a base plate and two overlay plates,
[0037] FIG. 5a—shows a vertical cross-sectional view of a ramp-resistance beam consisting of a base plate and a single overlay plate,
[0038] FIG. 5b—shows a vertical cross-sectional view of a ramp-resistance beam, showing a fragment of the cross-section comprising two overlay plates,
[0039] FIG. 5c—shows a vertical cross-sectional view of a ramp-resistance beam consisting of a base plate and a single overlay plate, in a modular design, with a body and a ramp module having an approximately triangular cross-section,
[0040] FIG. 5d—shows a vertical cross-sectional view of a beam consisting of a base plate and a single overlay plate, in a modular design, with a body and a ramp module having, approximately, a right trapezoidal cross-section, including the ramp part,
[0041] FIG. 6—shows a top view of the beam of FIG. 5,
[0042] FIG. 7—shows a cross-sectional view of a joint equipped with a bolt with a nut, joining, horizontally, the segments of the base plate of the beam,
[0043] FIG. 8—shows a top view of the double joint of FIG. 7,
[0044] FIG. 9—shows a cross-sectional view of a joint equipped with a bolt, joining, horizontally, the segments of the base plate of the beam,
[0045] FIG. 10—shows a top view of a double joint of FIG. 9,
[0046] FIG. 11—shows a cross-sectional view of a cotter joint joining, horizontally, the segments of the base plate of the beam,
[0047] FIG. 12—shows a top view of the double joint of FIG. 11,
[0048] FIG. 13—shows an end view of a slot in the cotter joint of FIG. 11,
[0049] FIG. 14—shows an end view of a pin in the cotter joint of FIG. 11,
[0050] FIG. 15—shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of the pin of FIG. 11,
[0051] FIG. 16—shows a cross-sectional view of a tongue-and-groove joint with a peg tongue, joining, vertically, the segments of the plates of the beam,
[0052] FIG. 17—shows a side view of the double joint of FIG. 16,
[0053] FIG. 18—shows a top view of the double joint of FIG. 16,
[0054] FIG. 19—shows a cross-sectional view of a bolt joint, joining, vertically, the segments of the plates of the beam,
[0055] FIG. 20—shows a side view of the double joint of FIG. 19,
[0056] FIG. 21—shows a top view of the double joint of FIG. 19,
[0057] FIG. 22—shows a cross-sectional view of a segment of the base plate and the overlay plate with a sloped rear segment,
[0058] FIG. 23—shows a cross-sectional view of a segment of the overlay plate with a sloped rear segment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0059] As shown in FIGS. 1-2, a ramp-resistance beam, in its basic variant, has a form of an elongated base plate 1 that has, approximately, a right trapezoidal cross-section, and extends transversely across the road surface 2, and, moreover, adheres with its rear vertical wall 3 to the front end vertical periphery 4 of said road surface 2. The opposite front part of the base plate 1 has a sloped wall 6 that defines a ramp P1 of the beam of a slope angle α from 6 to 20 degrees. The base plate 1 consists of a plurality of rectangular serially arranged segments, the side walls 7 of its subsequent first and second adjacent segments, i.e., the segment 8 and a neighboring segment 9, adhering to each other and are connected to each other horizontally by means of easily separable joints. Every segment 8 and the neighboring segment 9 of the base plate 1 is delimited from above and from the bottom by two parallel top walls 10.
[0060] A shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and in FIGS. 5, 5a, 5b, and 6, depending on the thickness of the formed road surface 2, on the base plate 1 is seated one overlay plate 1a, 1b, and if needed, a couple of stacked overlay plates 1a, 1b—for example an upper overlay plate 1b on a lower overlay plate 1a, of various widths that become gradually, upwardly, smaller and smaller than the width of the base plate 1. The cross-section of each upper and lower overlay plates 1b, 1a has, approximately, a shape of a right trapezoid. The rear vertical walls 3 of the stacked plates, i.e., the upper overlay plate 1b, the lower overlay plate 1a, and the base plate 1, are situated in the same plane X and adhere to the end periphery 4 of the road surface 2. The front sloped walls 6 of upper and lower overlay plates, 1b and 1a, as well as the sloped wall 6 of the base plate 1 are situated one by one, defining the ramp of the ramp-resistance beam P1. Every lower overlay plate 1a and upper overlay plate 1b consists of a plurality of rectangular serially arranged segments 8a, 8b and of adjacent segments 9a, 9b, that are adjacent to each other via their side walls 7. The stacked on each other segments 8b, 8a, 8, and the adjacent segments 9b, 9a, 9, correspondingly, of the stacked plates, i.e., the upper overlay plate 1b, the lower overlay plate 1a, and the base plate 1, are fastened to each other in pairs by means of vertical separable joints. The segments of the plates, i.e., the base plate 1, and the lower and upper overlay plates 1a, 1b of the beam, are usually made from a stiff plastic material, optionally reinforced with metal elements.
[0061] FIGS. 5c and 5d show a ramp-resistance beam according to the invention, in a second embodiment, in which the segments 8, 9 of the base plate and/or the segments 8a, 9a of the overlay plate are modular segments consisting of two parts. The segment 8, 9 of the base plate may consist of a body 1′, 1′″ and a ramp module 1″, 1″″, and the segment 8a, 9a of the overlay plate 1a, 1b may consist of a body 1a′, 1a′″ and a ramp module 1a″, 1a″″.
[0062] In the first variant of the invention shown in FIG. 5c, with modular segments, the body 1′ of the segment 8, 9 of the base plate 1 has, approximately, a rectangular cross-section, the body 1a′ of the segment 8a, 9a of the overlay plate 1a has, approximately, a rectangular cross-section, and the ramp module 1″ of the segment 8, 9 of the base plate 1 has, approximately, a right triangular cross-section, and the ramp module 1a″ of the segment 8a, 9a of the overlay plate 1a has, approximately, a right triangular cross-section. In this variant of the invention, the modules of the segments 8, 9 of the base plate and/or the modules of the segments 8a, 9a of the overlay plate 1a are created by dividing the block of the segments into a cuboidal body and a ramp portion only including a part with the sloped wall 6.
[0063] In a second variant of the invention shown in FIG. 5d with modular segments, the body 1′″ of the segment 8, 9 of the base plate 1 has, approximately, a rectangular cross-section, and the body 1a′″ of the segment 8a, 9a of the overlay plate 1a has, approximately, a rectangular cross-section, but the ramp module 1″″ of the segment 8, 9 of the base plate 1 has a cross-sectional shape of a right trapezoid as well as the ramp module 1a″″ of the segment 8a, 9a of the overlay plate 1a has a cross-sectional shape of a right trapezoid. In this variant of the invention, the modules of the segments 8, 9 of the base plate and/or the modules of the segments 8a, 9a of the overlay plate 1a are created by dividing the block of the segments into a body and a ramp portion including the sloped wall 6 along with a small part of the segment including parallel lower and upper walls 10.
[0064] According to the variants of the invention shown in FIGS. 5c and 5d, one can use the modular segments either in the base plate 1 alone, or in the overlay plate 1a, 1b alone, or both, in the base plate 1 as well as in the overlay plate 1a, 1b. It is possible to use, in a single beam according to the invention, both uniform segments as well as modular segments. The modular segments are intended to design modules of various attack angles to make it possible to exchange some or all of the ramp modules and, thus, to obtain a steep or a small gradual angle of attacking the ramp.
[0065] In the above variant of the invention, in which the ramp-resistance beam according to the invention includes modular segments, one employs the horizontal connection of the segments and vertical connection of the modular segments, as described here in various variants, by means of joints working vertically and/or horizontally. Also, the modular segments constituting the base plate 1 and/or the overlay plates 1a, 1b may comprise, in the rear part of every segment, end sections 28 in both walls 10, the lower one and the upper (top) one, sloped towards the end periphery 4 of the road surface 2.
[0066] Figs, from 7 to 15 show horizontal joints of serially arranged segments in the base plate, wherein FIGS. 7 to 12 show the joints before making the connection, when adjacent segments are arranged in some distance from each other, whereas FIGS. 16 to 21 show vertical joints of the segments, stacked on each other, in the plates arranged one above another, and, moreover, FIGS. 16, 17, 19, and 20 show segments before making the connection when the lower and upper segments are arranged in some distance from each other.
[0067] As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the side walls 7 of the segment 8 and an adjacent segment 9 of the base plate 1 are fastened to each other by means of screwed joints 11, each of which has a bolt 12 with a nut 13, and a pass-through window is created in the periphery of every segment 14, and openings are made 15 in side walls 7 of the segments, the outlets of which are located within the windows 14 of the segments. A bolt 12 is passed through adjacent openings 15 of both segments, the head of which is located within a window 14 of one of the adjacent segments 9, and, after uniting the joint, adheres to the periphery of that window, and the nut 13 is screwed onto the threaded end of the bolt 12 that is located within the window 14 of the second segment 8.
[0068] According to FIGS. 9 and 10, the side walls 7 of the segment 8 and the adjacent segment 9 of the base plate 1 are fastened to each other by means of screwed joints 16, each of which is made from a bolt 17, and in the periphery of one of the adjacent segments 9 a pass-through window is created 14, and openings 18a, 18b are made in the side walls 7 of the segment 8 and the adjacent segment 9. In the smooth opening 18a of the adjacent segment 9 with the pass-through window 14 a bolt is placed 17, the head of which, after uniting the joint, adheres to the periphery of the window 14 of this segment 9, whereas the threaded end of the bolt 17 is screwed into a threaded opening 18b of the second segment 8.
[0069] According to FIGS. 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15, the side walls 7 of the segment 8 and of the adjacent segment 9 of the base plate 1 are fastened to each other by means of cotter joints 19, each of the joints being created in two flat metal inserts 20, 21 seated in the side walls 7 of the segments. In the insert 20 of one of the segments 9, a flat pin 20a is formed of a wedge-like front end shape, the pin being directed transversely to the top walls 10 of the segment 8. Along the whole height of the pin 20a, the width S of its end face 20b is bigger than its width S1 at the pin's base 20a. In the insert 21 of the second segment 8 a slot 21a is formed adapted to the shape of the pin 20 and meshed with it.
[0070] According to FIGS. 16, 17, and 18, the pair of the stacked on each other segments 8a, 8 in the stacked one above the other plates, i.e., the overlay plate 1a and the base plate 1, is united vertically by tongue-and-groove joints 22, and the tongue of every joint has a form of a peg 23, that protrudes transversely from the top wall 10 of one of the segments 8a and is recessed in an opening 24 adjusted to the diameter of the peg and drilled within the top wall 10 of the second segment 8.
[0071] According to FIGS. 19, 20, and 21, the pair of the stacked on each other segments 8a, 8 in the stacked plates, i.e., the overlay plate 1a and the base plate 1, is united vertically by means of screwed joints 25, every joint being made from a bolt 26, that is placed in the smooth opening 18a of one of the segments 8a, adheres with its head 27 to the top wall 10, and is screwed, with its threaded end into a threaded opening 18b of the second segment 8.
[0072] By means of all vertical joints, in an analogous manner, the pairs of the stacked on each other segments 8b, 8a in the stacked overlay plates 1b, 1a are joined.
[0073] According to FIGS. 22 and 23, the end section 28 of the upper top wall 10 in the rear part of each of the segments 8 and the adjacent segment 9 of the base plate 1 and the overlay plates 1a, 1b, is sloped towards the end periphery 4 of the road surface 2.
[0074] According to FIG. 23, the end sections 28 of both the upper (top) and the lower walls 10 in the rear part of each of the segments 8a and of the adjacent segment 9a of the lower overlay plate 1a, are sloped towards the end periphery 4 of the road surface 2. The same slope exhibits the end sections 28 of both top walls 10 in the rear part of each of the segments 8b and of the adjacent segment 9b of the upper overlay plate 1b that rests on the lower overlay plate 1a. The angle β of the ramp P2 of the end section 28 of the top wall 10 of each of the segments 8, 9 and of the corresponding segments 8a, 8b, and of the adjacent segments 9a, 9b of the overlay plates, the lower overlay plate 1a and the upper overlay plate 1b, most preferably is from 1 to 6 degrees.
