CHUCK JAW, METHOD OF FABRICATING CHUCK JAW, METHOD OF MACHINING WORKPIECE, AND METHOD OF REPAIRING CHUCK JAW
20260102826 ยท 2026-04-16
Assignee
Inventors
Cpc classification
B23B31/102
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B33Y80/00
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
International classification
Abstract
A chuck jaw includes a foot portion configured to be mounted on a chuck body, a jaw body configured to hold a workpiece, and a metal layer provided on the jaw body such that the jaw body is configured to hold the workpiece via the metal layer. The metal layer includes a first metal material that has a thermal conductivity lower than a thermal conductivity of a second metal material which the jaw body includes.
Claims
1. A chuck jaw comprising: a foot portion configured to be mounted on a chuck body; a jaw body configured to hold a workpiece; and a metal layer provided on the jaw body such that the jaw body is configured to hold the workpiece via the metal layer, the metal layer comprising a first metal material that has a thermal conductivity lower than a thermal conductivity of a second metal material which the jaw body comprises.
2. The chuck jaw according to claim 1, wherein an entire portion configured to contact the workpiece comprises the metal layer.
3. The chuck jaw according to claim 1, wherein the metal layer comprises a first portion configured to contact an outer circumferential surface of the workpiece, and a second portion configured to contact an end face of the workpiece.
4. The chuck jaw according to claim 1, wherein the metal layer comprises a third portion configured to contact an inner circumferential surface of the workpiece, and a second portion configured to contact an end face of the workpiece.
5. The chuck jaw according to claim 1, wherein the metal layer comprises an additive manufacturing layer.
6. The chuck jaw according to claim 1, wherein the metal layer comprises a cut surface.
7. A method of fabricating a chuck jaw, the method comprising: mounting, on a chuck body rotatable about a first axis, a foot portion of a first block comprising the foot portion and a jaw body; and providing a metal layer on the jaw body in a state where the foot portion is mounted on the chuck body such that the jaw body is configured to hold a workpiece via the metal layer, the metal layer comprising a first metal material that has a thermal conductivity lower than a thermal conductivity of a second metal material that the jaw body comprises.
8. The method of fabricating the chuck jaw according to claim 7, wherein providing the metal layer on the jaw body is performed using an additive manufacturing apparatus.
9. The method of fabricating the chuck jaw according to claim 7, further comprising: cutting the jaw body so that a first base surface extending in a direction parallel to the first axis and a second base surface perpendicular to the first axis are formed on the jaw body in a state where the foot portion is mounted on the chuck, wherein providing the metal layer on the jaw body comprises providing the metal layer on both of the first base surface and the second base surface.
10. The method of fabricating the chuck jaw according to claim 7, further comprising: removing, from the chuck body, the chuck jaw comprising the foot portion, the jaw body, and the metal layer provided on the jaw body; and carrying the chuck jaw that has been removed from the chuck body to a stocker, wherein removing the chuck jaw from the chuck body and carrying the chuck jaw to the stocker are automatically performed by a jaw exchanger.
11. The method of fabricating the chuck jaw according to claim 7, further comprising: mounting, on the chuck body, a second block comprising a second jaw body comprising the second metal material; providing, on the second jaw body, a second metal layer comprising the first metal material; and cutting the metal layer and the second metal layer so that a surface of the metal layer and a surface of the second metal layer are smoothed, wherein cutting the metal layer and the second metal layer comprises repeatedly bringing a lathe tool into contact with the metal layer and the second metal layer that are rotated about the first axis, and wherein smoothing of the surface of the metal layer and smoothing of the surface of the second metal layer are performed substantially at the same time using the lathe tool.
12. A method of machining a workpiece, the method comprising: fabricating a first chuck jaw, the fabricating comprising: mounting, on a chuck body rotatable about a first axis, a foot portion of a first block comprising the foot portion and a jaw body; and providing a metal layer on the jaw body in a state where the foot portion is mounted on the chuck body, the metal layer comprising a first metal material that has a thermal conductivity lower than a thermal conductivity of a second metal material which the jaw body comprises; mounting the workpiece on a plurality of chuck jaws comprising the first chuck jaw; and machining the workpiece, the machining comprising: providing a third material on the workpiece using an additive manufacturing apparatus in a state where the metal layer of the first chuck jaw is in contact with the workpiece.
13. A method of repairing the chuck jaw according to claim 1, the method comprising: cutting at least part of the metal layer to form a base surface; providing the first metal material on the base surface to reform the metal layer so as to obtain a reformed metal layer; and cutting the metal layer to smooth a surface of the reformed metal layer.
14. The chuck jaw according to claim 2, wherein the metal layer comprises a first portion configured to contact an outer circumferential surface of the workpiece, and a second portion configured to contact an end face of the workpiece.
15. The chuck jaw according to claim 2, wherein the metal layer comprises a third portion configured to contact an inner circumferential surface of the workpiece, and a second portion configured to contact an end face of the workpiece.
16. The chuck jaw according to claim 2, wherein the metal layer comprises an additive manufacturing layer.
17. The chuck jaw according to claim 3, wherein the metal layer comprises an additive manufacturing layer.
18. The chuck jaw according to claim 4, wherein the metal layer comprises an additive manufacturing layer.
19. The chuck jaw according to claim 2, wherein the metal layer comprises a cut surface.
20. The chuck jaw according to claim 5, wherein the metal layer comprises a cut surface.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] A more complete appreciation of the present disclosure and many of the attendant advantages thereof will be readily obtained as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
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DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0055] Hereinafter, a chuck jaw 1, a method of fabricating a chuck jaw, a method of machining a workpiece, a method of repairing a chuck jaw, a hybrid machine tool 100, and a program 922 according to an embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description of embodiments, identical reference numerals are given to portions and members having identical functions, and repetitive descriptions of the portions and members with the identical reference numerals are omitted.
Definition of Directions
[0056] As used herein, a direction separating from a rotation axis of a chuck body 31 will be defined as a first direction DR1. A direction approaching the rotation axis of the chuck body 31 will be defined as a second direction DR2. Hereinafter, the rotation axis of the chuck body 31 will be referred to as a first axis AX.
[0057] As used herein, a direction along the first axis AX and from the chuck jaw 1 toward the chuck body 31 will be defined as a third direction DR3. A direction opposite to the third direction DR3 will be defined as a fourth direction DR4.
First Embodiment
[0058] The chuck jaw 1, the method of fabricating a chuck jaw, the method of machining a workpiece, the method of repairing a chuck jaw according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to
[0059] As illustrated in
[0060] In the example illustrated in
[0061] In the examples illustrated in
[0062] As illustrated in
[0063] The metal layer 15 is added on the jaw body 13 and comes into contact with the workpiece W. A first metal material included in the metal layer 15 has a thermal conductivity lower than that of a second metal material included in the jaw body 13. The metal layer 15 is, for example, a layer formed by solidification of metal molten material on the jaw body 13.
[0064] Next, a method of fabricating the first chuck jaw 1A according to the first embodiment will be described.
[0065] As illustrated in
[0066] The first mounting step (the first step ST1) includes mounting the foot portion 11 of the first block BL1 on the chuck body 31 (more specifically, the movable portion 32 of the chuck body 31).
[0067] As illustrated in
[0068] Note that, when the base surface 130 is previously formed on the jaw body 13 before the first block BL1 is mounted on the chuck body 31, the second step ST2 is omitted.
[0069] As illustrated in
[0070] A first metal material G1 included in the metal layer 15 has a thermal conductivity lower than that of a second metal material included in the jaw body 13.
[0071] As illustrated in
[0072] In contrast, with the chuck jaw 1 according to the first embodiment, the metal layer 15 having low thermal conductivity is added on the jaw body 13. In the method of fabricating the chuck jaw according to the first embodiment, the metal layer 15 having low thermal conductivity is added on the jaw body 13.
[0073] In the first embodiment, when the workpiece W is gripped by the plurality of chuck jaws 1 including the first chuck jaw 1A, the metal layer 15 having low thermal conductivity comes into contact with the workpiece W. This reduces heat dissipation from the workpiece W to the first chuck jaw 1A and thus reduces a decrease in the temperature of the workpiece W during additive manufacturing of adding material on the workpiece W (refer to
[0074] In the chuck jaw 1 according to the first embodiment, the metal layer 15 is added on the jaw body 13 without using a securing member. In this case, there is no need to prepare the securing member for securing the metal layer 15 to the jaw body 13. A technique of reducing heat conduction from the workpiece W to the first chuck jaw 1A is therefore provided at low cost.
[0075] Assume a case in which a first member having low thermal conductivity is secured to the jaw body 13 via the securing member. In this case, the shape of the jaw body 13 cannot be changed flexibly in accordance with the shape of the workpiece W. For example, when the shape of the jaw body 13 is changed in accordance with the shape of the workpiece W, the shape of the first member may possibly be no longer in conformance with the shape of the jaw body 13.
[0076] In contrast, in the method of fabricating the chuck jaw according to the first embodiment, the shape of the jaw body 13 is flexibly changeable in accordance with the shape of the workpiece W that is to be gripped. Additionally, the position at which the metal layer 15 is to be provided, the range in which the metal layer 15 is to be provided, the thickness of the metal layer 15, and the like are easily set in accordance with the shape of the workpiece W.
Optional Structures
[0077] Next, optional structures adoptable to the first chuck jaw 1A, the method of fabricating the chuck jaw, the method of machining the workpiece, and the method of repairing the chuck jaw according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to
First Metal Material Included in Metal Layer 15 and Second Metal Material Included in Jaw Body 13
[0078] The jaw body 13 includes, for example, steel (more specifically, medium-carbon steel). In other words, the second metal material included in the jaw body 13 includes, for example, steel (more specifically, medium-carbon steel). Note that, as used herein, the medium-carbon steel means carbon steel having a carbon content of equal to or greater than 0.25% by weight and equal to or less than 0.6% by weight. Note that, the second metal material included in the jaw body 13 is not limited to medium-carbon steel or steel, and any material may be used.
[0079] The metal layer 15 includes, for example, stainless steel. Alternatively, the metal layer 15 may include a nickel alloy including nickel as a main component (for example, a nickel chromium alloy including nickel as a main component and a chromium as a second component). Further alternatively, the metal layer 15 may include a cobalt alloy including cobalt as a main component (for example, a cobalt chromium alloy including cobalt as a main component and chromium as a second component). Further alternatively, the metal layer 15 may include, for example, mold steel having low thermal conductivity or high-speed steel having low thermal conductivity. In other words, the first metal material included in the metal layer 15 includes, for example, stainless steel, a nickel alloy (more specifically, a nickel chromium alloy), a cobalt alloy (more specifically, a cobalt chromium alloy), mold steel having low thermal conductivity, or high-speed steel having low thermal conductivity. Note that, the first metal material included in the metal layer 15 is not limited to the examples described above.
[0080] The thermal conductivity of the first metal material included in the metal layer 15 is lower than the thermal conductivity of the second metal material included in the jaw body 13 by, for example, 0.5 times or less, and more preferably by 0.4 times or less, and further preferably by 0.3 time or less. To facilitate comparison between the thermal conductivity of the first metal material included in the metal layer 15 and the thermal conductivity of the second metal material included in the jaw body 13, the thermal conductivity as used herein means the thermal conductivity at ambient temperature.
[0081] The entire part of the first chuck jaw 1A according to the first embodiment that is to come into contact with the workpiece W is preferably configured by the metal layer 15. In this case, the jaw body 13 having relatively high thermal conductivity does not come into contact with the workpiece W. This effectively reduces heat conduction from the workpiece W to the first chuck jaw 1A, and effectively reduces a decrease in the temperature of the workpiece W.
[0082] In the example illustrated in
[0083] Alternatively, in the first chuck jaw 1A, the first portion 15a that comes into contact with the outer circumferential surface Wa of the workpiece W may be configured by the metal layer 15 including the first metal material, and the second portion 15b that comes into contact with the first end face Wb of the workpiece W may be configured by the jaw body 13 including the second metal material. Further alternatively, in the first chuck jaw 1A, the first portion 15a that comes into contact with the outer circumferential surface Wa of the workpiece W may be configured by the jaw body 13 including the second metal material, and the second portion 15b that comes into contact with the first end face Wb of the workpiece W may be configured by the metal layer 15 including the first metal material. In these cases also, a decrease in the temperature of the workpiece W is reduced as compared with a case in which the metal layer 15 is not added at all.
[0084] In the example illustrated in
[0085] Alternatively, in the first chuck jaw 1A, the third portion 15c that comes into contact with the inner circumferential surface Wc of the workpiece W may be configured by the metal layer 15 including the first metal material, and the second portion 15b that comes into contact with the first end face Wb of the workpiece W may be configured by the jaw body 13 including the second metal material. Further alternatively, in the first chuck jaw 1A, the third portion 15c that comes into contact with the inner circumferential surface Wc of the workpiece W may be configured by the jaw body 13 including the second metal material, and the second portion 15b that comes into contact with the first end face Wb of the workpiece W may be configured by the metal layer 15 including the first metal material. In these cases also, a decrease in the temperature of the workpiece W is reduced as compared with a case in which the metal layer 15 is not added at all.
[0086] As illustrated in
[0087] As illustrated in
[0088] The thickness of the metal layer 15 is, for example, greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm. More specifically, in the example illustrated in
[0089] When the metal layer 15 is the additive manufacturing layer 151, the metal layer 15 is easily reproduced. For example, when the metal layer 15 wears out due to use of the chuck jaw 1, the metal layer 15 is reproduced by adding the metal layer 15 again.
[0090] When the metal layer 15 is the additive manufacturing layer 151, the metal layer 15 is easily added on only the surface of the first chuck jaw 1A that is to come into contact with the workpiece W. For example, in the example illustrated in
[0091] When the metal layer 15 is the additive manufacturing layer 151, the additive manufacturing apparatus 50 that performs additive manufacturing on the workpiece W may be used to add the metal layer 15 on the jaw body 13 of the first chuck jaw 1A that holds the workpiece W. In other words, both the machining of the first chuck jaw 1A and the machining of the workpiece W may be performed using one additive manufacturing apparatus 50.
[0092] In the example illustrated in
[0093] In the example illustrated in
[0094] In the metal layer 15, the third surface 16-3 (refer to
[0095] In the example illustrated in
[0096] In the example illustrated in
[0097] When the surface 16 of the metal layer 15 is formed by cutting, the surface 16 is made smooth. In this case, the workpiece W that comes into contact with the metal layer 15 is prevented from being damaged by the metal layer 15. Note that, after the cutting, grinding is sometimes performed. As used herein, a surface formed by grinding after the cutting is regarded as one mode of the cut surface 16s.
[0098] In the examples illustrated in
[0099] Alternatively, as illustrated in
[0100] When the surface 16 of the metal layer 15 includes the grooves 161, the contact area between the metal layer 15 and the workpiece W is reduced. This further reduces the heat dissipation from the workpiece W to the first chuck jaw 1A.
[0101] In the examples illustrated in
Foot Portion 11 of First Chuck Jaw 1A
[0102] In the examples illustrated in
Held Portion 12
[0103] The first chuck jaw 1A may include a held portion 12 to be held by a jaw exchanger. The held portion 12 is provided on the foot portion 11 or the jaw body 13. In the example illustrated in
Base Surface 130 of Jaw Body 13
[0104] The jaw body 13 includes the base surface 130 on which the metal layer 15 is to be added. In the example illustrated in
Method of Fabricating Chuck Jaw
[0105] The chuck jaw formed by the method of fabricating the chuck jaw according to the first embodiment may be the first chuck jaw 1A illustrated in any of
[0106] As illustrated in
[0107] In the first block BL1, the external shape of the jaw body 13 may be a substantially rectangular parallelepiped. In this case, there is a greater freedom of the shape of the chuck jaw 1 to be fabricated. In other words, the jaw body 13 having any shape is formable by cutting the jaw body 13 that is shaped in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped. In the example illustrated in
[0108] Alternatively, in the first block BL1, the jaw body 13 may have an external shape that resembles the external shape of the jaw body to be finally formed. In this case, the volume of parts to be removed from the first block BL1 is reduced, and thus the time required to cut the jaw body 13 is kept short. The first block BL1 may be a new block or may be a used block. For example, the first block BL1 may be a used chuck jaw.
[0109] In the example illustrated in
[0110] In the examples illustrated in
[0111] Alternatively, the first mounting step may be performed manually. In this case, the held portion 12 (more specifically, the second engaging portion 122) may be omitted.
[0112] As illustrated in
[0113] In the example illustrated in
[0114] In the example illustrated in
[0115] In the example illustrated in
[0116] Note that, when the base surface 130 is previously formed on the jaw body 13 before the first block BL1 is mounted on the chuck body 31, the second step ST2 is omitted.
[0117] As illustrated in
[0118] The first adding step (the third step ST3) includes adding the metal layer 15, which is to come into contact with the workpiece W, on the jaw body 13 with the foot portion 11 being mounted on the chuck body 31 (more specifically, the movable portion 32 of the chuck body 31). The first metal material G1 included in the metal layer 15 has a thermal conductivity lower than that of the second metal material included in the jaw body 13.
[0119] In the example illustrated in
[0120] In the example illustrated in
[0121] Alternatively, the metal applicator 5 may be a spraying device that adds the first metal material on the jaw body 13 (more specifically, the base surface 130). The spraying device adds the first metal material on the jaw body 13 (more specifically, the base surface 130) by a method such as high-velocity flame spraying, gas-flame spraying, plasma spraying, arc spraying, or cold spraying.
[0122] As illustrated in
[0123] In the examples illustrated in
[0124] In the example illustrated in
[0125] In the examples illustrated in
[0126] As illustrated in
[0127] In the examples illustrated in
[0128] In the examples illustrated in
[0129] In the examples illustrated in
[0130] Additionally, as illustrated in
[0131] The chuck jaw 1 (for example, the first chuck jaw 1A) is formed by the plurality of steps described above.
[0132] The method of fabricating the chuck jaw may include a removing step (a fifth step ST 5). The removing step is a step of removing the first chuck jaw 1A that has been formed (in other words, the first chuck jaw 1A including the foot portion 11, the jaw body 13, and the metal layer 15 added on the jaw body 13) from the chuck body 31.
[0133] In the example illustrated in
[0134] In the example illustrated in
[0135] In the examples illustrated in
[0136] The method of fabricating the chuck jaw may include a first carrying step (a sixth step ST6). The first carrying step includes carrying the first chuck jaw 1A removed from the chuck body 31 to the stocker 101.
[0137] In the example illustrated in
[0138] The first chuck jaw 1A carried to the stocker 101 may be held by a jaw holder 101a.
[0139] In the example illustrated in
Second Chuck Jaw 1B and Third Chuck Jaw 1C
[0140] A second chuck jaw 1B has a configuration similar to that of the first chuck jaw 1A. The description of the first chuck jaw 1A described above is deemed to be the description of the second chuck jaw 1B by replacing the terms first chuck jaw 1A, foot portion 11, jaw body 13, and metal layer 15 in the description of the first chuck jaw 1A described above with second chuck jaw 1B, second foot portion 11B, second jaw body 13B, and second metal layer 15B, respectively, and repetitive descriptions of the second chuck jaw 1B are omitted.
[0141] A third chuck jaw 1C has a configuration similar to that of the first chuck jaw 1A.
[0142] The description of the first chuck jaw 1A described above is deemed to be the description of the third chuck jaw 1C by replacing the terms first chuck jaw 1A, foot portion 11, jaw body 13, and metal layer 15 in the description of the first chuck jaw 1A described above with terms third chuck jaw 1C, third foot portion 11C, third jaw body 13C, and third metal layer 15C, respectively, and repetitive descriptions of the third chuck jaw 1C are omitted.
Method of Fabricating Second Chuck Jaw 1B and Method of Fabricating Third Chuck Jaw 1C
[0143] A method of fabricating the second chuck jaw 1B includes a step similar to that of the method of fabricating the first chuck jaw 1A. The description of the method of fabricating the first chuck jaw 1A described above is deemed to be the description of the method of fabricating the second chuck jaw 1B by replacing the terms first chuck jaw 1A, foot portion 11, jaw body 13, metal layer 15, and first block BL1 in the description of the method of fabricating the first chuck jaw 1A described above with terms second chuck jaw 1B, second foot portion 11B, second jaw body 13B, second metal layer 15B, and second block BL2, respectively, and repetitive descriptions of the method of fabricating the second chuck jaw 1B are omitted.
[0144] A method of fabricating the third chuck jaw 1C includes a step similar to that of the method of fabricating first chuck jaw 1A. The description of the method of fabricating the first chuck jaw 1A described above is deemed to be the description of the method of fabricating the third chuck jaw 1C by replacing the terms first chuck jaw 1A, foot portion 11, jaw body 13, metal layer 1, and first block BL1 in the description of the method of fabricating the first chuck jaw 1A described above with terms third chuck jaw 1C, third foot portion 11C, third jaw body 13C, third metal layer 15C, and third block, respectively, and repetitive descriptions of the method of fabricating the third chuck jaw 1C are omitted.
Fabrication of Plurality of Chuck Jaws 1
[0145] The method of fabricating the chuck jaw according to the first embodiment may include fabricating a plurality of chuck jaws including the first chuck jaw 1A and the second chuck jaw 1B.
[0146] As illustrated in
[0147] As illustrated in
[0148] As illustrated in
[0149] As illustrated in
[0150] As illustrated in
[0151] As illustrated in
[0152] As illustrated in
[0153] Additionally, as illustrated in
Method of Machining Workpiece
[0154] The method of machining the workpiece according to the first embodiment may include a step of fabricating the first chuck jaw 1A, a step of mounting the workpiece W on the plurality of chuck jaws 1, and a step of machining the workpiece. The step of machining the workpiece includes at least one of, for example, a later-described third cutting step, a later-described additive manufacturing step, a later-described fourth cutting step, a later-described second additive manufacturing step, and a later-described fifth cutting step.
[0155] The step of fabricating the first chuck jaw 1A includes (1) mounting, on the chuck body 31 rotatable about the first axis AX, the foot portion 11 of the first block BL1, which includes the foot portion 11 and the jaw body 13, as illustrated in
[0156] The first metal material G1 included in the above-described metal layer 15 has a thermal conductivity lower than that of the second metal material included in the jaw body 13. The step of fabricating the first chuck jaw 1A may include the above-described first mounting step (the first step ST1), the above-described first cutting step (the second step ST2), the above-described first adding step (the third step ST3), the above-described second cutting step (the fourth step ST4), the above-described removing step (the fifth step ST5), and the above-described first carrying step (the sixth step ST6). Because the first step ST1 to the sixth step ST6 have already been described, repetitive descriptions of these steps are omitted.
[0157] Additionally, the method of machining the workpiece according to the first embodiment may include a step of fabricating the second chuck jaw 1B and/or a step of fabricating the third chuck jaw 1C. Because each of the step of fabricating the second chuck jaw 1B and the step of fabricating the third chuck jaw 1C is a step similar to the step of fabricating the first chuck jaw 1A, descriptions for the step of fabricating the second chuck jaw 1B and the step of fabricating the third chuck jaw 1C are omitted.
[0158] After execution of the step of fabricating the first chuck jaw 1A (more specifically, after execution of the step of fabricating the first chuck jaw 1A, the step of fabricating the second chuck jaw 1B, and the step of fabricating the third chuck jaw 1C), at a seventh step ST7, the first chuck jaw 1A is carried from the stocker 101 to the chuck body 31. The seventh step ST7 is a second carrying step.
[0159] In the example illustrated in
[0160] As illustrated in
[0161] Note that, when the above-described removing step (the fifth step St5) and the above-described first carrying step (the sixth step ST6) are omitted, the second carrying step (the seventh step ST7) and the second mounting step (the eighth step ST8) are omitted. In this case, after the first chuck jaw 1A is fabricated, the first chuck jaw 1A is consistently held by the chuck body 31 until the workpiece W is gripped by the plurality of chuck jaws 1 including the first chuck jaw 1A.
[0162] Additionally, the method of machining the workpiece according to the first embodiment may include mounting the second foot portion 11B of the second chuck jaw 1B on the chuck body 31 and mounting the third foot portion 11C of the third chuck jaw 1C on the chuck body 31.
[0163] At a ninth step ST9, the workpiece W is mounted on the plurality of chuck jaws 1 including the first chuck jaw 1A. The ninth step ST9 is a workpiece mounting step.
[0164] As illustrated in
[0165] As illustrated in
[0166] As illustrated in
[0167] The third cutting step (the tenth step ST10) may include lathe turning the workpiece W or milling the workpiece W.
[0168] The third cutting step is a cutting step executed prior to the later-described additive manufacturing step (a twelfth step ST12). The third cutting step (the tenth step ST10) may be omitted.
[0169] As illustrated in
[0170] In the example illustrated in
[0171] The preheating step (the eleventh step ST11) is executed with the metal layer 15 of the first chuck jaw 1A being in contact with the workpiece W. Because the thermal conductivity of the metal layer 15 is smaller than the thermal conductivity of the jaw body 13, heat dissipation from the workpiece W to the first chuck jaw 1A is kept small during execution of the preheating step. Thus, the energy required to preheat the workpiece W is kept small, and a burden on the environment is reduced.
[0172] When the preheating step (the eleventh step ST11) is performed by irradiating with the laser LB, the workpiece W may be irradiated with the laser LB so that the spot diameter of the laser LB on the workpiece surface in the preheating step is greater than the spot diameter of the laser LB on the workpiece surface in the later-described additive manufacturing step (the twelfth step ST12). When the spot diameter of the laser LB at the time of preheating is relatively large, local melting of the workpiece W at the time of preheating is prevented or reduced.
[0173] When the workpiece W is preheated in advance before being held by the plurality of chuck jaws 1, the preheating step (the eleventh step ST11) may be omitted. When the preheating step (the eleventh step ST11) is deemed unnecessary taking into consideration the size of the workpiece W, the shape of the workpiece W, the material properties of the workpiece W, and the material properties of the material added on the workpiece W at the later-described twelfth step ST12, the preheating step (the eleventh step ST11) is omitted.
[0174] As illustrated in
[0175] The additive manufacturing step (the twelfth step ST12) is executed with the metal layer 15 of the first chuck jaw 1A being in contact with the workpiece W. Because the thermal conductivity of the metal layer 15 is smaller than the thermal conductivity of the jaw body 13, during execution of the additive manufacturing step, heat dissipation from the workpiece W to the first chuck jaw 1A is reduced, and a decrease in the temperature of the workpiece W is reduced. Thus, a defect in adding material on the workpiece W (more specifically, breakage of material added on the workpiece W) is prevented or reduced. In the additive manufacturing step (the twelfth step ST12), the entire part of the first chuck jaw 1A that comes into contact with the workpiece W is preferably configured by the metal layer 15. Because part of the first chuck jaw 1A other than the metal layer 15 does not come into contact with the workpiece W, heat dissipation from the workpiece W to the first chuck jaw 1A is more effectively reduced.
[0176] In the example illustrated in
[0177] The third material G3 may be a material that is the same as the first metal material G1 included in the metal layer 15. In this case, it is unnecessary to change settings of a material supplying system of the additive manufacturing apparatus 50 between the step of fabricating the chuck jaw and the step of machining the workpiece.
[0178] Alternatively, the third material G3 may be a material that is different from the first metal material G1 included in the metal layer 15. In this case, options for the third material G3 are increased. The third material G3 may be a metal material or a non-metal material.
[0179] As illustrated in
[0180] The fourth cutting step (the thirteenth step ST13) may include cutting the outer circumferential surface Wa of the workpiece W. Alternatively or additionally, the fourth cutting step (the thirteenth step ST13) may include cutting the second end face Wd of the workpiece W. When the workpiece W has a cylindrical shape, the fourth cutting step (the thirteenth step ST13) may include cutting the inner circumferential surface of the workpiece W.
[0181] The fourth cutting step (the thirteenth step ST13) may include lathe turning the workpiece W or milling the workpiece W. The fourth cutting step (the thirteenth step ST13) may include cutting an original portion Wp of the workpiece W. Alternatively or additionally, the fourth cutting step (the thirteenth step ST13) may include cutting an added portion Wq added on the original portion Wp of the workpiece W by executing the additive manufacturing step as illustrated in
[0182] The fourth cutting step is a cutting step executed after the above-described additive manufacturing step (the twelfth step ST12). The fourth cutting step (the thirteenth step ST13) may be omitted.
[0183] In the example illustrated in
[0184] As illustrated in
[0185] In the example illustrated in
[0186] In the example illustrated in
[0187] As illustrated in
[0188] The second additive manufacturing step (the fifteenth step ST15) is executed with the workpiece W being gripped by the second group of chuck jaws 1S. In the example illustrated in
[0189] After executing the fourteenth step ST14 (the transferring step) and before executing the fifteenth step ST15 (the second additive manufacturing step), the workpiece W may be preheated using a preheating device. When preheating is deemed unnecessary taking into consideration the temperature of the workpiece W, the shape of the workpiece W, the material properties of the workpiece W, and the material properties of the fourth material G4 added on the workpiece W at the fifteenth step ST15, the preheating is omitted.
[0190] As illustrated in
[0191] The fifth cutting step (the sixteenth step ST16) may include cutting the outer circumferential surface Wa of the workpiece W. Alternatively or additionally, the fifth cutting step (the sixteenth step ST16) may include cutting the first end face Wb of the workpiece W. When the workpiece W has a cylindrical shape, the fifth cutting step (the sixteenth step ST16) may include cutting the inner circumferential surface of the workpiece W.
[0192] The fifth cutting step (the sixteenth step ST16) may include lathe turning the workpiece W or milling the workpiece W. The fifth cutting step (the sixteenth step ST16) may include cutting the original portion Wp of the workpiece W. Alternatively or additionally, the fifth cutting step (the sixteenth step ST16) may include cutting a second added portion Wr added on the original portion Wp of the workpiece W by executing the second additive manufacturing step.
[0193] The fifth cutting step may be executed after the second additive manufacturing step (the fifteenth step ST15) or may be executed before the second additive manufacturing step (the fifteenth step ST15). The fifth cutting step (the sixteenth step ST16) may be omitted.
[0194] The above-described transferring step (the fourteenth step ST14), the above-described second additive manufacturing step (the fifteenth step ST15), and the above-described fifth cutting step (the sixteenth step ST16) may all be omitted.
Method of Repairing Chuck Jaw
[0195] Next, the method of repairing the chuck jaw according to the first embodiment will be described. The chuck jaw that is to be repaired by the method of repairing the chuck jaw according to the first embodiment is, for example, the first chuck jaw 1A according to the first embodiment. Because the first chuck jaw 1A has already been described, repetitive descriptions of the first chuck jaw 1A are omitted.
[0196] As illustrated in
[0197] The base surface forming step (the seventeenth step ST17) includes forming the base surface 17 by cutting at least part of the metal layer 15. In the example illustrated in
[0198] In the examples illustrated in
[0199] As illustrated in
[0200] The reformation step includes reforming the metal layer 15 by adding the first metal material G1 on the base surface 17 (for example, the base surface 17-1 formed on the metal layer 15 as illustrated in
[0201] As illustrated in
[0202] Additionally, the sixth cutting step (the nineteenth step ST19) may include forming the grooves 161 on the surface 16 of the metal layer 15. For example, the sixth cutting step (the nineteenth step ST19) may include forming the grooves 161 on the surface of the metal layer 15 by bringing a tool such as the groove-forming tool T3 into contact with the metal layer 15 rotating about the first axis AX (refer to
[0203] The first chuck jaw 1A is repaired by the above-described steps. The first chuck jaw 1A that has been used is repaired, and the repaired first chuck jaw 1A is reused. This reduces frequency of disposal of the chuck jaw. Accordingly, a burden on the environment is reduced.
Second Embodiment
[0204] The hybrid machine tool 100 according to a second embodiment will be described with reference to
[0205] As illustrated in
[0206] The additive manufacturing apparatus 50 and the cutting tool 60 are capable of fabricating the first chuck jaw 1A (for example, refer to
[0207] As illustrated in
[0208] The first supporter 3 supports the workpiece W via the plurality of chuck jaws 1 including the first chuck jaw 1A. Because the first chuck jaw 1A and the plurality of chuck jaws 1 have already been described in the first embodiment, repetitive descriptions of the first chuck jaw 1A and the plurality of chuck jaws 1 are omitted.
[0209] As illustrated in
[0210] As illustrated in
[0211] The jaw drive device 34 moves the plurality of chuck jaws 1 in the first direction DR1 separating from the first axis AX (more specifically, in a radial direction separating from the first axis AX), or in the second direction DR2 approaching the first axis AX.
[0212] The first rotary drive device 36 causes the chuck body 31 to be rotated about the first axis AX. The first rotary drive device 36 may integrally rotate the chuck body 31 and the plurality of chuck jaws 1, which are supported by the chuck body 31, about the first axis AX. The first rotary drive device 36 may integrally rotate the chuck body 31, the plurality of chuck jaws 1, which are supported by the chuck body 31, and the workpiece W gripped by the plurality of chuck jaws 1 about the first axis AX.
[0213] In the example illustrated in
[0214] In the example illustrated in
[0215] In the example illustrated in
[0216] In the example illustrated in
[0217] The second mover 8 may be a device completely separate from the first mover 7. Alternatively, a part of the second mover 8 and a part of the first mover 7 may be shared.
[0218] The controller 9 controls at least the additive manufacturing apparatus 50, the cutting tool 60, the first supporter 3, the first mover 7, and the second mover 8.
Controller 9
[0219] The controller 9 will be described in more detail. As illustrated in
[0220] The memory 92 is a storage medium from which the processor 90 of the controller 9 is readable. The memory 92 may include a non-volatile or volatile semiconductor memory, a magnetic disk, or other forms of memory. The non-volatile or volatile semiconductor memory includes, for example, a RAM, a ROM, and a flash memory.
[0221] The memory 92 stores data 926 (for example, data necessary for the controller 9 to execute each of modes to be described later) and a program 922 (for example, a jaw fabricating program 922a, a machining program 922b, and a jaw exchanging program 922c).
[0222] The data 926 stored in the memory 92 may include block shape data 926a indicating the shape of the first block BL1, jaw shape data 926b indicating the shape of the first chuck jaw 1A, and workpiece shape data 926c indicating the shape of the workpiece W.
[0223] The data 926 stored in the memory 92 may include first control data 926d necessary to execute a jaw fabricating mode M1 to be described later. The first control data 926d may include first movement path data that specifies a movement path of the first head 52 and second movement path data that specifies a movement path of the cutting tool T. The first control data 926d may include data that designates the rotational angle of the chuck body 31 about the first axis AX and/or data that designates the rotational speed of the chuck body 31 about the first axis AX.
[0224] The data 926 stored in the memory 92 may include second control data 926e necessary to execute a preheating mode M5 to be described later. The second control data 926e may include threshold data (for example, a first temperature TH1 to be described later, a first threshold TH2 to be described later, and a first time period TH3 to be described later) for determining whether preheating of the workpiece W has been completed. The second control data 926e may include a laser output parameter. The second control data 926e may include third movement path data that specifies the movement path of the first head 52 and/or data that designates the rotational speed of the chuck body 31 about the first axis AX.
[0225] The data 926 stored in the memory 92 may include third control data 926f necessary to execute an additive manufacturing mode M6 to be described later. The third control data 926f may include fourth movement path data that specifies the movement path of the first head 52. The third control data 926f may include data that designates the rotational angle of the chuck body 31 about the first axis AX and/or data that designates the rotational speed of the chuck body 31 about the first axis AX.
[0226] The data 926 stored in the memory 92 may include fourth control data 926g necessary to execute a cutting mode M7 to be described later. The fourth control data 926g may include fifth movement path data that specifies the movement path of the cutting tool T. The fourth control data 926g may include data that designates the rotational angle of the chuck body 31 about the first axis AX and/or data that designates the rotational speed of the chuck body 31 about the first axis AX.
[0227] The memory 92 may store other data 926h.
[0228] The input device 96 is not limited to the display 962 with a touch panel. For example, the controller 9 may include the input device 96 such as a button, a switch, a lever, a pointing device, or a keyboard and a display that displays the data input to the input device 96 or other data. Alternatively, a plurality of computers may operate together to function as the controller 9. The memory 92 may be distributed to a plurality of locations. For example, part of the memory 92 may be included in a cloud storage.
[0229] The controller 9 generates a control command by executing the program 922 stored in the memory 92 (for example, the jaw fabricating program 922a, the machining program 922b, or the jaw exchanging program 922c) by the processor 90. The communication circuit 94 transmits the generated control command to the devices to be controlled (for example, the additive manufacturing apparatus 50, the cutting tool 60, the first supporter 3, the first mover 7, and the second mover 8). Thus, executing the program 922 by the processor 90 enables the controller 9 to control, for example, the additive manufacturing apparatus 50, the cutting tool 60, the first supporter 3, the first mover 7, and the second mover 8.
[0230] The jaw fabricating mode M1 and the additive manufacturing mode M6 that are executable by the controller 9 will be described.
[0231] In the examples illustrated in
[0232] As illustrated in
[0233] More specifically, the jaw fabricating mode M1 includes transmitting the control command to at least the first mover 7 and the additive manufacturing apparatus 50 from the controller 9 so that the metal layer 15 that includes the first metal material G1 having a thermal conductivity lower than that of the second metal material is added on the jaw body 13 including the second metal material. The first mover 7 that receives the control command from the controller 9 moves the first head 52 to a position facing the jaw body 13. Additionally, the additive manufacturing apparatus 50 that receives the control command from the controller 9 adds the metal layer 15 on the jaw body 13.
[0234] As illustrated in
[0235] More specifically, the jaw fabricating mode M1 includes transmitting the control command to at least the second mover 8 so that the metal layer 15 is cut by the cutting tool T. The second mover 8 that receives the control command from the controller 9 moves the second head 62 so that the cutting tool T comes into contact with the metal layer 15. When the cutting tool T comes into contact with the metal layer 15, the metal layer 15 is cut, and the surface of the metal layer 15 becomes a smooth surface.
[0236] In the example illustrated in
[0237] As illustrated in
[0238] More specifically, the additive manufacturing mode M6 includes transmitting the control command to at least the first mover 7 and the additive manufacturing apparatus 50 so that the third material G3 is added on the workpiece W with the workpiece W being in contact with the metal layer 15 of the first chuck jaw 1A. The first mover 7 that receives the control command from the controller 9 moves the first head 52 to a position facing the workpiece W. Additionally, the additive manufacturing apparatus 50 that receives the control command from the controller 9 adds the third material G3 on the workpiece W. The third material G3 may be a material that is the same as the first metal material G1 included in the metal layer 15 or a material that is different from the first metal material G1 included in the metal layer 15.
[0239] The hybrid machine tool 100 according to the second embodiment is capable of executing the jaw fabricating mode M1 including adding, on the jaw body 13, the metal layer 15 having a thermal conductivity lower than that of the jaw body 13 and the additive manufacturing mode M6 including adding the third material on the workpiece W with the workpiece W being in contact with the metal layer 15. This reduces heat dissipation from the workpiece W to the first chuck jaw 1A and thus reduces a decrease in the temperature of the workpiece W during additive manufacturing of adding the third material G3 on the workpiece W. Thus, a defect in adding material on the workpiece W (more specifically, breakage of material added on the workpiece W) is prevented or reduced.
Optional Structures
[0240] Next, optional structures adoptable to the hybrid machine tool 100 according to the second embodiment (or the chuck jaw 1 according to the first embodiment, the method of fabricating the chuck jaw according to the first embodiment, the method of machining the workpiece according to the first embodiment, and the method of repairing the chuck jaw according to the first embodiment) will be described with reference to
Jaw Fabricating Mode M1
[0241] The jaw fabricating mode M1 according to an embodiment will be described in more detail. The controller 9 executes the jaw fabricating mode M1 by executing the program 922 (more specifically, the jaw fabricating program 922a).
[0242] In the example illustrated in
[0243] More specifically, the jaw fabricating mode M1 includes transmitting a movement command (hereinafter, referred to as a first movement command Q1) from the controller 9 to the second mover 8 and transmitting a rotation command (hereinafter, referred to as a first rotation command U1) from the controller 9 to the first rotary drive device 36 so that the base surface 130 is formed on the jaw body 13.
[0244] The second mover 8 that receives the first movement command Q1 from the controller 9 moves the second head 62 so that the lathe tool T1 comes into contact with the jaw body 13. The first rotary drive device 36 that receives the first rotation command U1 from the controller 9 rotates the jaw body 13 about the first axis AX1. Thus, the jaw body 13 is lathe turned with the lathe tool T1, and the base surface 130 (more specifically, the first base surface 131 and the second base surface 132) is formed on the jaw body 13.
[0245] Note that, when the formation of the base surface 130 is performed using a milling tool, the jaw fabricating mode M1 includes transmitting the first movement command Q1 from the controller 9 to the second mover 8 and transmitting a tool rotation command from the controller 9 to the cutting tool 60.
[0246] In the examples illustrated in
[0247] More specifically, the jaw fabricating mode M1 includes transmitting a movement command (hereinafter, referred to as a second movement command Q2) from the controller 9 to the first mover 7 and transmitting an additive manufacturing command (hereinafter, referred to as a first additive manufacturing command D1) from the controller 9 to the additive manufacturing apparatus 50 so that the metal layer 15 is added on the base surface 130. Additionally, the jaw fabricating mode M1 may include transmitting a rotation command (hereinafter, referred to as a second rotation command U2) from the controller 9 to the first rotary drive device 36.
[0248] The first mover 7 that receives the second movement command Q2 from the controller 9 moves the first head 52 to a position facing the base surface 130. The additive manufacturing apparatus 50 that receives the first additive manufacturing command D1 from the controller 9 adds the metal layer 15 on the base surface 130 (more specifically, adds the metal layer 15 on the first base surface 131 and the second base surface 132).
[0249] In a case in which the second rotation command U2 is transmitted from the controller 9 to the first rotary drive device 36, the first rotary drive device 36 that receives the second rotation command U2 rotates the jaw body 13 about the first axis AX. In this case, the metal layer 15 is added on the base surface 130 without moving the first head 52 by a large amount.
[0250] In the examples illustrated in
[0251] More specifically, the jaw fabricating mode M1 includes transmitting a movement command (hereinafter, referred to as a third movement command Q3) from the controller 9 to the second mover 8 and transmitting a rotation command (hereinafter, referred to a third rotation command U3) from the controller 9 to the first rotary drive device 36 so that the surface of the metal layer 15 is smoothed (more specifically, so that the first cut surface 16s-1 extending in a direction parallel to the first axis AX and the second cut surface 16s-2 perpendicular to the first axis AX are formed on the metal layer 15).
[0252] The second mover 8 that receives the third movement command Q3 from the controller 9 moves the second head 62 so that the lathe tool T1 comes into contact with the metal layer 15. The first rotary drive device 36 that receives the third rotation command U3 from the controller 9 rotates the jaw body 13 on which the metal layer 15 has been added about the first axis AX1. Thus, the metal layer 15 is lathe turned with the lathe tool T1, and the surface of the metal layer 15 is smoothed.
[0253] Note that, when the smoothing of the metal layer 15 is performed using a milling tool, the jaw fabricating mode M1 includes transmitting the third movement command Q3 from the controller 9 to the second mover 8 and transmitting the tool rotation command from the controller 9 to the cutting tool 60.
[0254] As illustrated in
[0255] More specifically, the jaw fabricating mode M1 may include transmitting a movement command (hereinafter, referred to as a fourth movement command Q4) from the controller 9 to the second mover 8 and transmitting a rotation command (hereinafter, referred to as a fourth rotation command U4) from the controller 9 to the first rotary drive device 36 so that the grooves 161 are formed on the surface of the metal layer 15.
[0256] As illustrated in
Stocker 101
[0257] As illustrated in
Jaw Exchanger 102
[0258] The hybrid machine tool 100 may include the jaw exchanger 102. The jaw exchanger 102 exchanges the plurality of chuck jaws 1 mounted on the chuck body 31 with other plurality of chuck jaws.
Removing Mode M2
[0259] In the examples illustrated in
[0260] As illustrated in
[0261] More specifically, as illustrated in
[0262] In the example illustrated in
[0263] As illustrated in
Mounting Mode M3
[0264] In the example illustrated in
[0265] As illustrated in
[0266] As illustrated in
[0267] More specifically, the mounting mode M3 may include transmitting a mounting command F2 from the controller 9 to the jaw exchanger 102 so that the first chuck jaw 1A is mounted on the chuck body 31.
[0268] In the example illustrated in
Workpiece Mounting Mode M4
[0269] In the example illustrated in
[0270] As illustrated in
[0271] More specifically, as illustrated in
Preheating Device 58
[0272] As illustrated in
[0273] Alternatively or additionally, the preheating device 58 may include a high-frequency induction heating device that increases the temperature of the workpiece W by passing an induced current through the workpiece W. Alternatively or additionally, the preheating device 58 may include a heater such as a ceramic heater. Alternatively or additionally, the preheating device 58 may include a gas burner that radiates a flame toward the workpiece W.
Preheating Mode M5
[0274] In the example illustrated in
[0275] More specifically, the preheating mode M5 includes transmitting a preheating command V1 to at least the preheating device 58 from the controller 9 so that the temperature of the workpiece W is increased. Additionally, the preheating mode M5 may include at least one of transmitting a movement command (hereinafter, referred to as a fifth movement command Q5) from the controller 9 to the first mover 7 and transmitting a rotation command (hereinafter, referred to a sixth rotation command U6) from the controller 9 to the first rotary drive device 36.
[0276] The preheating device 58 that receives the preheating command V1 from the controller 9 adds energy to the workpiece W to increase the temperature of the workpiece W. In the example illustrated in
[0277] As illustrated in
[0278] Alternatively, based on the signal data DA to be received from the temperature sensor 56, the controller 9 may cause the preheating device 58 to continue preheating the workpiece W until a range of temperature increase of the workpiece W from the temperature of the workpiece W at the point in time when the preheating mode M5 is started reaches the first threshold TH2 that has been previously set. The range of temperature increase is, in other words, a value obtained by subtracting the temperature of the workpiece W at the point in time when the preheating mode M5 is started from the current temperature of the workpiece W. The controller 9 may transmit the preheating end command to the preheating device 58 in response to the range of temperature increase described above reaching the first threshold TH2 (a second example).
[0279] Alternatively or additionally, the hybrid machine tool 100 may include a timer 99. The timer 99 may be configured by hardware, or the controller 9 may execute the program 922, so that the controller 9 itself functions as a timer. The timer 99 counts the elapsed time from when the transmission of the preheating command V1 from the controller 9 to the preheating device 58 is started. The controller 9 may cause the preheating device 58 to continue preheating the workpiece W until the above-described elapsed time counted by the timer 99 reaches the first time period TH3 that has been previously set, and may transmit the preheating end command to the preheating device 58 in response to the above-described elapsed time reaching the first time period TH3 (a third example).
[0280] In each of the first example, the second example, and the third example, which have been described above, the preheating device 58 that receives the preheating command V1 adds energy to the workpiece W to increase the temperature of the workpiece W. Further, the preheating device 58 that receives the preheating end command ends adding energy to the workpiece W to stop increasing the temperature of the workpiece W.
Additive Manufacturing Apparatus 50
[0281] In the example illustrated in
[0282] The material supplying device 55 may be a device that supplies a wire (for example, a metal wire) toward the workpiece W. In this case, the wire is melted by being irradiated with the laser LB, and the melted material formed by the melting adheres to the workpiece W. Alternatively, the material supplying device 55 may be a device that supplies powder (for example, metal powder) toward the workpiece W. In this case, the powder is melted by being irradiated with the laser LB, and the melted material formed by the melting adheres to the workpiece W.
[0283] When the third material G3 is a material different from the first metal material G1, it is preferable that the material supplying device 55 be capable of selectively supplying the first metal material G1 and the third material G3. The hybrid machine tool 100 may include a first tank that contains the first metal material G1 and a second tank that contains the third material G3.
Additive Manufacturing Mode M6
[0284] In the example illustrated in
[0285] More specifically, the additive manufacturing mode M6 includes transmitting a movement command (hereinafter, referred to as a sixth movement command Q6) from the controller 9 to the first mover 7 and transmitting an additive manufacturing command (hereinafter, referred to as a second additive manufacturing command D2) from the controller 9 to the additive manufacturing apparatus 50 so that the third material G3 is added on the workpiece W gripped by the plurality of chuck jaws 1 including the first chuck jaw 1A. Additionally, the additive manufacturing mode M6 may include transmitting a rotation command (hereinafter, referred to as a seventh rotation command U7) from the controller 9 to the first rotary drive device 36.
[0286] The first mover 7 that receives the sixth movement command Q6 from the controller 9 moves the first head 52 to a position facing the workpiece W. The additive manufacturing apparatus 50 that receives the second additive manufacturing command D2 from the controller 9 adds the third material G3 on the workpiece W.
[0287] In a case in which the seventh rotation command U7 is transmitted from the controller 9 to the first rotary drive device 36, the first rotary drive device 36 that receives the seventh rotation command U7 rotates the workpiece W about the first axis AX. In this case, the third material G3 is added on the workpiece W without moving the first head 52 by a large amount.
Cutting Tool 60
[0288] The cutting tool 60 includes the second head 62. As illustrated in
[0289] The second head 62 may be a turret. In this case, the second head 62 may be a turret head that is capable of supporting both the lathe tool T1 and the milling tool T2. The turret head may be capable of supporting the lathe tool T1, the milling tool T2, and the groove-forming tool T3 at the same time.
Cutting Mode M7
[0290] In the example illustrated in
[0291] More specifically, the cutting mode M7 may include transmitting a movement command (hereinafter, referred to as a seventh movement command Q7) from the controller 9 to the second mover 8 so that the workpiece W gripped by the plurality of chuck jaws 1 including the first chuck jaw 1A is cut. Additionally, the cutting mode M7 may include transmitting a rotation command (hereinafter, referred to as an eighth rotation command U8) from the controller 9 to the first rotary drive device 36.
[0292] The second mover 8 that receives the seventh movement command Q7 from the controller 9 causes the lathe tool T1 to come into contact with the workpiece W. The first rotary drive device 36 that receives the eighth rotation command U8 rotates the workpiece W about the first axis AX. Thus, the workpiece W is lathe turned with the lathe tool T1.
[0293] Alternatively, the cutting mode M7 may transmit, to the motor 66, the tool rotation command that causes the milling tool T2 to rotate. The motor 66 that receives the tool rotation command rotates the milling tool T2 about the central axis of the milling tool T2. Thus, the workpiece W is cut by the milling tool T2.
First Supporter 3
[0294] In the example illustrated in
Second Supporter 4
[0295] As illustrated in
[0296] The second chuck body 41 includes a movable portion 42 and a foot portion 43. The second group of chuck jaws 1S is to be mounted on the movable portion 42. The foot portion 43 movably supports the movable portion 42.
[0297] In the example illustrated in
[0298] The second supporter 4 may include a second housing 47. The second housing 47 supports the second chuck body 41 to be rotatable about the second axis AX2. Further, the second supporter 4 may include a mover 45. The mover 45 moves the second housing 47. The mover 45 moves the second housing 47, for example, in a direction parallel to the second axis AX2.
Transfer Mode M8
[0299] In the example illustrated in
[0300] The transfer mode M8 includes transferring the workpiece W from the first supporter 3 to the second supporter 4 using the first supporter 3 and the second supporter 4.
[0301] More specifically, in the example illustrated in
[0302] In the example illustrated in
Second Additive Manufacturing Mode M9
[0303] In the example illustrated in
[0304] The second additive manufacturing mode M9 includes adding the fourth material G4 on the workpiece W gripped by the second group of chuck jaws 1S using the additive manufacturing apparatus 50. The fourth material G4 may be a material that is the same as the third material G3 or may be a material different from the third material G3.
Second Cutting Mode M10
[0305] In the example illustrated in
[0306] The second cutting mode M10 includes cutting the workpiece W gripped by the second group of chuck jaws 1S using the cutting tool 60.
Repairing Mode M11
[0307] A repairing mode M11 is executed by executing the program 922 (more specifically, the jaw fabricating program 922a). In the example illustrated in
[0308] In the example illustrated in
[0309] More specifically, the repairing mode M11 includes transmitting a movement command (hereinafter, referred to as an eighth movement command Q8) from the controller 9 to the second mover 8 and transmitting a rotation command (hereinafter, referred to as a ninth rotation command U9) from the controller 9 to the first rotary drive device 36 so that the base surface 17 is formed on the first chuck jaw 1A.
[0310] The second mover 8 that receives the eighth movement command Q8 from the controller 9 moves the second head 62 so that the lathe tool T1 comes into contact with the metal layer 15. The first rotary drive device 36 that receives the ninth rotation command U9 from the controller 9 rotates the jaw body 13 about the first axis AX. Thus, the metal layer 15 is lathe turned with the lathe tool T1, and the base surface 17 is formed on the jaw body 13 or the metal layer 15.
[0311] In the example illustrated in
[0312] More specifically, the repairing mode M11 includes transmitting a movement command (hereinafter, referred to as a ninth movement command Q9) from the controller 9 to the first mover 7 and transmitting an additive manufacturing command (hereinafter, referred to as a third additive manufacturing command D3) from the controller 9 to the additive manufacturing apparatus 50 so that the first metal material G1 is added on the base surface 17. Additionally, the repairing mode M11 may include transmitting a rotation command (hereinafter, referred to as a tenth rotation command U10) from the controller 9 to the first rotary drive device 36.
[0313] The first mover 7 that receives the ninth movement command Q9 from the controller 9 moves the first head 52 to a position facing the base surface 17. The additive manufacturing apparatus 50 that receives the third additive manufacturing command D3 from the controller 9 adds the first metal material G1 on the base surface 17.
[0314] In a case in which the tenth rotation command U10 is transmitted from the controller 9 to the first rotary drive device 36, the first rotary drive device 36 that receives the tenth rotation command U10 rotates the jaw body 13 about the first axis AX. In this case, the first metal material G1 is added on the base surface 17 without moving the first head 52 by a large amount.
[0315] In the example illustrated in
[0316] More specifically, the repairing mode M11 includes transmitting a movement command (hereinafter, referred to as a tenth movement command Q10) from the controller 9 to the second mover 8 and transmitting a rotation command (hereinafter, referred to as an eleventh rotation command U11) from the controller 9 to the first rotary drive device 36 so that the surface of the metal layer 15 that has been reformed is smoothed.
[0317] The second mover 8 that receives the tenth movement command Q10 from the controller 9 moves the second head 62 so that the lathe tool T1 comes into contact with the metal layer 15 that has been reformed. The first rotary drive device 36 that receives the eleventh rotation command U11 from the controller 9 rotates the jaw body 13 about the first axis AX. Thus, the metal layer 15 that has been reformed is lathe turned with the lathe tool T1, and the surface of the metal layer 15 is smoothed.
[0318] The repairing mode M11 may include forming grooves on the surface of the metal layer 15 by cutting, using the cutting tool 60, the metal layer 15 that has been reformed.
Program 922
[0319] The program 922 according to the embodiment is a program that causes the hybrid machine tool 100 (more specifically, the controller 9 of the hybrid machine tool 100) to execute at least the first adding step (the third step ST3) and the second cutting step (the fourth step ST4) out of the method of fabricating the chuck jaw described above.
[0320] More specifically, the program 922 according to the embodiment is a program that causes the hybrid machine tool 100 (more specifically, the controller 9 of the hybrid machine tool 100) to execute the method of fabricating the chuck jaw including (1) adding the metal layer 15 including the first metal material G1 having a thermal conductivity lower than that of the second metal material on the jaw body 13 including the second metal material with the foot portion 11 of the first block BL1, which includes the foot portion 11 and the jaw body 13, being mounted on the chuck body 31 rotatable about the first axis AX, and (2) forming the cut surface 16s that is to come into contact with the workpiece W by cutting the metal layer 15 with the foot portion 11 being mounted on the chuck body 31.
[0321] The program 922 according to the embodiment may be a program that causes the hybrid machine tool 100 (more specifically, the controller 9 of the hybrid machine tool 100) to execute the method of fabricating the chuck jaw including the first cutting step (the second step ST2), the first adding step (the third step ST3), and the second cutting step (the fourth step ST4).
[0322] More specifically, the program 922 according to the embodiment may be a program that causes the hybrid machine tool 100 (more specifically, the controller 9 of the hybrid machine tool 100) to execute the method of fabricating the chuck jaw including (1) cutting the jaw body 13 with the foot portion 11 of the first block BL1, which includes the foot portion 11 and the jaw body 13, being mounted on the chuck body 31 rotatable about the first axis AX so that the base surface 130 is formed on the jaw body 13, (2) adding the metal layer 15 including the first metal material G1 having a thermal conductivity lower than that of the second metal material on the base surface 130 of the jaw body 13 including the second metal material with the foot portion 11 being mounted on the chuck body 31, and (3) forming the cut surface 16s that is to come into contact with the workpiece W on the metal layer 15 by cutting the metal layer 15 with the foot portion 11 being mounted on the chuck body 31.
[0323] The base surface 130 described above may include the first base surface 131 extending in a direction parallel to the first axis AX and the second base surface 132 perpendicular to the first axis AX. The cut surface 16s described above may include the first cut surface 16s-1 extending in a direction parallel to the first axis AX and the second cut surface 16s-2 perpendicular to the first axis AX.
[0324] The program 922 according to the embodiment may be a program that causes the hybrid machine tool 100 (more specifically, the controller 9 of the hybrid machine tool 100) to execute at least the above-described second step ST2, the above-described third step ST3, the above-described fourth step ST4, the above-described ninth step ST9, and the above-described twelfth step ST12. The program 922 according to the embodiment may be a program that causes the hybrid machine tool 100 (more specifically, the controller 9 of the hybrid machine tool 100) to execute at least the second step ST2 to the twelfth step ST12 described above. The program 922 according to the embodiment may be a program that causes the hybrid machine tool 100 (more specifically, the controller 9 of the hybrid machine tool 100) to execute the first step ST1 to the sixteenth step ST16 described above. Because the first step ST1 to the sixteenth step ST6 have already been described, repetitive descriptions of these steps are omitted.
[0325] The memory 92 according to the embodiment may be a non-volatile storage medium that stores the above-described program 922. The non-volatile storage medium that stores the above-described program 922 may be a portable storage medium 92M as illustrated in
[0326] It should be clearly understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments or modifications, and each of the embodiments or modifications may be deformed or modified as required within the range of the technical ideas obtainable from the present invention. Various techniques used in each of the embodiments or modifications may be applied to other embodiments or modifications unless a technical contradiction arises. Furthermore, any optional structure in each of the embodiments or modifications may be omitted as required.
[0327] The embodiments provide a technique of reducing heat conduction from a workpiece to a chuck jaw at low cost.
[0328] As used herein, the term comprise and its variations are intended to mean open-ended terms, not excluding any other elements and/or components that are not recited herein. The same applies to the terms include, have, and their variations.
[0329] As used herein, a component suffixed with a term such as member, portion, part, element, body, and structure is intended to mean that there is a single such component or a plurality of such components.
[0330] As used herein, ordinal terms such as first and second are merely used for distinguishing purposes and there is no other intention (such as to connote a particular order) in using ordinal terms. For example, the mere use of first element does not connote the existence of second element; otherwise, the mere use of second element does not connote the existence of first element.
[0331] As used herein, approximating language such as approximately, about, and substantially may be applied to modify any quantitative representation that could permissibly vary without a significant change in the final result obtained. All of the quantitative representations recited in the present application shall be construed to be modified by approximating language such as approximately, about, and substantially.
[0332] As used herein, the phrase at least one of A and B is intended to be interpreted as only A, only B, or both A and B.
[0333] Obviously, numerous modifications and variations of the present disclosure are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the present disclosure may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein.