Trash can with integrated air evacuation system
12612246 ยท 2026-04-28
Assignee
Inventors
Cpc classification
B65F2210/181
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B65F1/065
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
International classification
Abstract
A trash can assembly includes a trash can having an interior space and a vacuum assembly. The vacuum assembly comprises a top surface forming a false bottom, an elevated portion with a vacuum vent, a liquid gutter surrounding the elevated portion, and a plenum housing a vacuum motor. The vacuum motor is configured to draw air through the vacuum vent into the plenum, causing a trash bag to conform to the interior surface of the trash can. The assembly may include a controller, power source, charger port, seal indicator, status indicator, wireless control switch, and may operate in reverse mode for bag inflation or demonstration. The trash can may nest into an outer container formed of a rigid material including plastics or metals suitable for consumer waste receptacles, and connect electrically via detachable connectors. The system enhances bag capacity, aesthetics, and operational convenience.
Claims
1. A trash can assembly (5) comprising: an outer container (10); a trash can (15) having an interior space for receiving a trash bag (7), an opening (17) for inserting trash and a bottom surface (18), wherein the opening (17) comprises a rim (16) configured to tightly hold the trash bag (7), wherein the trash can (15) nests into the outer container (10); a vacuum assembly (35) housed within the trash can (15) comprising: a top surface (37) positioned above the bottom surface (18) and forming a false bottom, the top surface (37) comprising an elevated portion (47); a vacuum vent (45) located in the elevated portion (47); a liquid gutter (40) at least partially surrounding the elevated portion (47) and configured to collect liquid from the trash bag (7); a plenum (42) disposed beneath the top surface (37); a vacuum motor (60) located in the plenum (42) and configured to draw air through the vacuum vent (45) into the plenum (42); a port (65) fluidly connecting the vacuum motor (60) to the exterior of the trash can (15); a power source (80) connected to the vacuum motor (60); and a controller (70) having a first mode configured to actuate the vacuum motor (60) to draw air from between the trash bag (7) and interior walls of the trash can (15) through the vacuum vent (45) into the plenum (42), thereby urging the trash bag (7) to conform to the interior walls.
2. The trash can assembly (5) of claim 1, wherein the top surface (37) comprises a seal indicator (50) visible through the trash bag (7) when the trash bag (7) conforms to the top surface (37).
3. The trash can assembly (5) of claim 2, wherein the seal indicator (50) is embossed or printed and is configured to provide a visual confirmation of full air evacuation.
4. The trash can assembly (5) of claim 1, wherein the controller (70) implements an auto-shutoff.
5. The trash can assembly of claim 4, wherein the auto-shutoff algorithm terminates operation when a predefined condition indicative of completed air evacuation is met, the predefined condition comprising at least one of motor-current threshold, elapsed time, pressure detection, and a touch- or proximity-sensor signal.
6. The trash can assembly (5) of claim 1, further comprising a control switch (75) operatively connected to the controller (70).
7. The trash can assembly (5) of claim 6, wherein the control switch (75) is wireless and operates via a low-power communication protocol.
8. The trash can assembly (5) of claim 1, wherein the vacuum assembly (35) comprises a status indicator (55) connected to the controller (70) that provides the status of the trash can assembly (5), wherein the status indicator (55) is selected from the group consisting of an LED visible through the trash bag (7) and a speaker configured to emit a completion sound.
9. The trash can assembly (5) of claim 1, wherein at least one of (i) the top surface (37) and (ii) a region surrounding the vacuum vent (45) includes a hydrophobic or oleophobic coating.
10. The trash can assembly (5) of claim 1, wherein the controller (70) has a second mode configured to actuate the vacuum motor (60) to force air from the plenum (42) through the vacuum vent (45) into the interior of the trash bag (7) to inflate the trash bag (7).
11. The trash can assembly (5) of claim 10, further comprising a demonstration mode, wherein the controller (70) alternates between the first mode and the second mode.
12. The trash can assembly (5) of claim 1, wherein the vacuum motor (60) comprises a variable-speed centrifugal blower fan and the controller (70) is configured to adjust blower speed based on at least one of sensed motor current, pressure differential, or airflow resistance.
13. The trash can assembly (5) of claim 1, wherein the vacuum vent (45) comprises a perimeter evacuation system including a plurality of slits disposed around a perimeter of the top surface (37) and oriented vertically or at an angle to direct airflow from edges toward a center of the top surface (37).
14. The trash can assembly (5) of claim 1, further comprising at least one moisture sensor (41) positioned proximate to the vacuum vent (45).
15. The trash can assembly (5) of claim 1, further comprising a user interface coupled to the controller (70) including at least one of a touch-sensitive panel, a mechanical button, or a display to select evacuation modes and suction strength and to present status information.
16. The trash can assembly (5) of claim 1, further comprising connectivity features enabling integration with a smart home system or a mobile application for at least one of remote activation, status reporting, customization of settings, or notifications that the trash bag (7) requires replacement.
17. The trash can assembly (5) of claim 1, further comprising an odor control system including at least one of an activated carbon filter, an enzymatic treatment, or a scent-releasing mechanism.
18. The trash can assembly (5) of claim 1, comprising a failsafe button (57) on the vacuum assembly (35) wherein actuating the failsafe button (57) causes the controller (70) to perform at least one of: (i) transmit a status report; and (ii) activate the vacuum motor (60).
19. The trash can assembly (5) of claim 1, wherein insertion of the trash can (15) into the outer container (10) mechanically engages a detachable electrical connection (90A, 90B) to establish electrical coupling without manual cabling.
20. The trash can assembly (5) of claim 1, further comprising a detachable electrical connection (90A, 90B) to facilitate power or signal transmission between the outer container (10) and trash can (15).
21. The trash can assembly (5) of claim 20, wherein the detachable electrical connection (90A, 90B) is selected from a group consisting of: a pogo pin and pad assembly, a magnetic connector, and waterproof terminal blocks.
22. The trash can assembly (5) of claim 20, wherein at least the power source (80) is housed in the outer container (10), and electrically connected to the vacuum motor (60) via the detachable electrical connection (90A, 90B).
23. The trash can assembly (5) of claim 20, wherein at least the controller (70) is housed in the outer container (10), and electrically connected to the vacuum motor (60) via the detachable electrical connection (90A, 90B).
24. A method for operating a trash can (15) comprising: placing a trash bag (7) within the trash can (15) having an interior space and a vacuum assembly (35), wherein the vacuum assembly comprises a vacuum vent (45) and a vacuum motor (60) located in a plenum (42); activating the vacuum motor (60) via a control switch (75); drawing air from between the trash bag (7) and the interior walls of the trash can (15) through the vacuum vent (45) into the plenum (42); automatically deactivating the vacuum motor (60) when a predefined condition is met, based on current draw by the vacuum motor (60).
25. The method of claim 24, further comprising emitting an audio signal or visual cue upon deactivation.
26. The method of claim 24, wherein the vacuum assembly further comprises a controller (70), the method further comprising wirelessly receiving, at the controller (70), a command from a mobile application integrated with a smart home system to activate the vacuum motor (60) and to transmit status information.
27. The method of claim 24, further comprising cycling between a second mode in which the trash bag (7) is inflated and the first mode in which air is evacuated to conform the trash bag (7) to the trash can (15).
28. The method of claim 24, further comprising varying a speed of the vacuum motor (60) responsive to at least one of sensed motor current, pressure differential, or airflow resistance.
29. A device for evacuating air from a trash can, comprising: a self-contained vacuum assembly (35A) including: a housing having a top surface (37); a vacuum vent (45) formed in the top surface (37); a plenum (42) positioned beneath the top surface (37) and in fluid communication with the vacuum vent (45); a vacuum motor (60) disposed within the plenum (42) and operable to draw air through the vacuum vent (45) into the plenum (42); a discharge port (65) in fluid communication with the vacuum motor (60) and configured to vent air to an exterior of the trash can (15); a power source (80) electrically coupled to the vacuum motor (60); and a controller (70) configured, in a first mode, to actuate the vacuum motor (60) to draw air from a region between a trash bag (7) and interior walls of the trash can (15) through the vacuum vent (45) and into the plenum (42), thereby urging the trash bag (7) to conform to the interior walls; and a set of interchangeable adaptors (120A-120D) each configured to surround the top surface (37) and removably attach to the self-contained vacuum assembly (35A), each adaptor being shaped to match a geometry of a different trash can (15).
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
(1) The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute part of this specification, illustrate example embodiments and together with the description, explain various principles of the disclosed embodiments. For clarity, simplicity, and flexibility, not all elements, components, or specifications are defined in all drawings. Not all drawings corresponding to specific steps or example embodiments are drawn to scale. Emphasis is instead placed on illustration of the nature, function, and product of the system and method described herein.
(2) Embodiments described herein are exemplary and not restrictive. Embodiments will now be described, by way of examples, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLE EMBODIMENTS
(25) Reference is made herein to specific example embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the accompanying figures. While the subject matter is described in conjunction with these example embodiments, it will be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the claims to the configurations or implementations shown and described. To the contrary, it is intended that various alternatives, modifications, and equivalents be encompassed within the scope of the claims as would be apparent to persons of skill in the art.
(26) In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of certain example embodiments. However, implementations may be carried out without some or all these specific details. In other instances, process operations known to persons of ordinary skill in the art have not been described in detail so as not to obscure relevant aspects of the disclosed subject matter. Various components, operations, or relationships may be described in the singular for clarity, although multiple instances or variations may be employed in certain embodiments. Similarly, method steps are not necessarily presented in a required order, and some steps may be omitted or rearranged depending on the implementation. Furthermore, descriptions of connections or communications between entities should not be interpreted as requiring a direct or uninterrupted link, unless expressly stated; intermediate components or indirect relationships may be present in many embodiments. Trash Can Assembly 5 Trash Bag 7 Outer Container 10 Trash Can 15 Rim 16 Opening 17 Bottom Surface 18 Lid 20 Lid Pedal 25 Positioning for Vacuum Assembly 30 Vacuum Assembly 35 Self-Contained Vacuum Assembly 35A Top Surface 37 Liquid Gutter 40 Moisture Sensor 41 Plenum 42 Sound Isolating Enclosure 43 Drainage Pump 44 Vacuum Vent 45 Elevated Portion 47 Seal Indicator (e.g. Embossed or Printed) 50 Status Indicator (e.g. LED or Speaker) 55 Failsafe Button 57 Vacuum Motor 60 Port 65 Side Exterior Exhaust Outlet 67 Bottom Exterior Exhaust Outlet 68 Controller 70 Control Switch 75 Battery 80 Charger Port 85 Detachable Electrical Connector 90A, 90B Energy Harvesting Device 95 External Processor 100 Blower/Fan 105 Support Insert 110 Exhaust-Controlled Pathways 115 Adaptors 120A, 120B, 120C, 120D
(27) Referring now to the drawings,
(28) As shown in
(29) Turning to
(30) This top surface (37) includes an elevated portion (47) that provides structural support and defines airflow channels. At least one vacuum vent (45), which may include a hydrophobic PTFE membrane or stainless steel mesh to block liquid ingress, is positioned within the elevated portion (47) to facilitate air intake into the vacuum system. Surrounding the elevated portion is a liquid gutter (40), which functions to catch and pool liquid waste that may escape the trash bag, preventing such fluids from reaching sensitive electrical or airflow components beneath. The liquid gutter (40) may be removable and sloped or otherwise contoured to direct liquid away from the vacuum vent (45), as seen in cross-sectional
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(32) The status indicator (55) may also use voice or sound to indicate conditions such as low power or to provide a startup tutorial for first-time users to guide them through the operation of the trash can assembly (5). In some aspects, the trash can assembly (5) may incorporate an audio feedback system designed to enhance user experience and provide clear indication of the air evacuation process completion. This audio feature may serve multiple purposes, including functional notification, brand reinforcement, and positive psychological reinforcement for the user.
(33) Also shown in
(34) The audio feedback system may be engineered to produce a distinct sound upon successful completion of the air evacuation or unpoofing process. This sound may be carefully crafted to be both attention-grabbing and pleasant, avoiding harsh or startling tones that could be disruptive in quiet environments. In some implementations, the sound may be a short, melodic chime or a subtle, satisfying whoosh that mimics the sound of air being fully evacuated.
(35) In certain aspects, the device may utilize the brand name UnPoof as part of its audio feedback. For example, the device might play a brief jingle followed by a voice saying UnPoof complete or simply an audio logo that phonetically resembles UnPoof without using actual words. This approach may help reinforce brand recognition and create a memorable user experience associated with the product's core functionality.
(36) The audio system may be designed with adjustable volume levels to suit various environments and user preferences. In some implementations, users may be able to choose from a selection of different sounds or even customize the audio feedback with their own preferred tones or messages. This customization option may be accessible through a companion smartphone app or through the device's control interface.
(37) To enhance the psychological impact of the audio feedback, the sound may be designed based on principles of psychoacoustics and user experience design. The tone, pitch, and duration of the sound may be optimized to evoke a sense of satisfaction and accomplishment. This positive reinforcement may help users associate the act of properly evacuating air from their trash bags with a pleasant experience, potentially encouraging more consistent use of the feature.
(38) In some aspects, the audio feedback may be coupled with visual cues for a multi-sensory indication of process completion. For instance, the sound may be synchronized with a brief LED light display or a subtle vibration of the container, creating a more immersive and noticeable signal that the task is complete.
(39) The assembly may employ advanced audio processing techniques to ensure that the feedback sound is clear and discernible even in noisy environments. This may include adaptive volume control that adjusts based on ambient noise levels, or the use of directional speakers that focus the sound towards the most likely location of the user.
(40) For users with hearing impairments, the device may offer alternative feedback methods that can be used in conjunction with or instead of the audio signal. These may include more pronounced visual cues, haptic feedback through the wireless control button, or even smartphone notifications for connected devices.
(41) In some implementations, the audio system may be expanded to provide additional informational cues throughout the air evacuation process. For example, it might offer a different tone to indicate the start of the process, a series of progressive sounds to indicate the level of evacuation achieved, or specific alerts for any issues encountered during operation.
(42) The audio feedback feature may also be integrated with the device's demonstration mode. In retail settings, the completion sound may be emphasized or elaborated upon to draw attention to the successful operation of the device. This audio demonstration may be synchronized with the visual display of the bag deflating, creating a compelling multi-sensory showcase of the product's capabilities.
(43) In some embodiments, the vacuum assembly (35) may incorporate alternative designs to facilitate air evacuation without requiring perforations. For instance, as shown in
(44) The vacuum assembly (35) further includes, as shown in
(45) To optimize the efficiency of the air evacuation process, the trash can assembly may incorporate enhanced sealing mechanisms at critical junctions. Specifically, the rim (16) of the trash can (15) may feature a rubber or elastomeric gasket that creates an airtight seal when the lid (20) is closed. This rubber rim may be implemented as a removable component for cleaning or as an integrated feature. The sealing mechanism may utilize various profiles, such as D-shaped, bulb-type, or foam gaskets, selected based on the specific lid design and required compression force. The rubber sealing mechanism may be complemented by mechanical latches or magnetic closures that ensure consistent pressure is maintained around the perimeter of the container opening. In some implementations, the rubber seal may incorporate antimicrobial properties or odor-neutralizing compounds to enhance the overall waste management experience. The sealing system may also include channels or recesses designed to capture any liquid that might otherwise compromise the integrity of the seal.
(46) In some embodiments, the vacuum motor (60) comprises a centrifugal blower fan selected for its optimal combination of suction and airflow speed, offering a balance between axial fans and traditional vacuum pumps. The centrifugal blower operates by drawing air into the center of its impeller and expelling it at a 90-degree angle through centrifugal force, creating a focused and powerful airflow pattern that efficiently evacuates air from between the trash bag (7) and the trash can (15). The centrifugal blower may be configured in various arrangements, such as backwards-curved, forward-curved, or inline, each offering distinct performance characteristics regarding noise level, efficiency, and air displacement volume. The exhaust configuration of the centrifugal blower may direct air through either the side (position 67,
(47) The number of exhaust outlets may range from about 1 to about 100, more preferably from about 5 to about 50, and most preferably from about 10 to about 30. The diameter or width of each air outlet may range from about 0.5 mm to about 10 mm, more preferably from about 1 mm to about 5 mm, and most preferably from about 1.5 mm to about 3 mm. The exhaust outlets may be arranged in various patterns, including, but not limited to, a grid pattern, a linear pattern, a circular pattern, or a random pattern. The specific arrangement may depend on factors such as the desired air flow characteristics, manufacturing considerations, or aesthetic preferences.
(48) The vacuum motor (60) or alternative air movement device may provide adjustable vacuum pressure to accommodate different types of trash bags or waste materials, achieved through mechanical controls, electronic settings, or automated systems that sense airflow resistance. In some embodiments, multiple vacuum motors (60) may be employed, operating in series to create a greater pressure differential or in parallel to increase air flow volume, with identical or varying specifications to handle different aspects of the evacuation process. The vacuum motor (60) may be positioned at various locations within the trash can assembly (5), such as near the bottom of the trash can (15), adjacent to the top surface (37), or integrated into the port (65). The positioning of the vacuum motor (60) may be optimized based on factors such as noise reduction, efficiency, maintenance accessibility, and manufacturing considerations. In some implementations, the vacuum motor (60) may be a variable-speed fan, allowing for adjustable suction power to accommodate different types of trash bags or waste materials, with variable speed functionality controlled manually through user interfaces or automatically through sensors that detect resistance to airflow. The vacuum motor (60) may be powered by batteries (replaceable, rechargeable, or integrated with a charging dock), a direct connection to household power, or solar panels integrated into the exterior of the outer container (10). Energy harvesting devices 95 shown in
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(50) The system is designed to function in two primary operational modes. In the first mode, as shown in
(51) The combination of the demonstration mode and wireless control system may represent a significant advancement in the usability and marketability of the trash can device. The demo mode may effectively showcase the product's unique capabilities, while the wireless control switch may offer unprecedented flexibility in installation and operation, potentially accelerating adoption across a wide range of applications and environments.
(52) These features may collectively enhance the trash can assembly's appeal to both retail customers and commercial clients, offering a compelling demonstration of its benefits and a highly adaptable control solution that can be easily integrated into existing waste management setups. The wireless approach may also provide a strategic advantage by simplifying the retrofit process, potentially allowing for more rapid and widespread adoption of the air evacuation technology across diverse trash can designs and usage scenarios.
(53) In an alternative configuration shown in
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(55) The vacuum system optionally includes an auto-shutoff feature controlled by the controller (70), which may be implemented by current sensing, pressure differential, or predictive logic based on previous cycles. For instance, the controller (70) may detect when the vacuum motor (60) reaches a predefined amperage threshold, indicating that the trash bag (7) has fully conformed and airflow resistance has increased, prompting termination of operation. Alternatively, the auto-shutoff may be triggered by sensors detecting the trash bag (7) contacting the vacuum assembly (35), sustained high air pressure for a predetermined duration, or increased current draw indicating the vacuum motor (60) is working harder. A backup timer may also be included to terminate operation after a set time. Additionally, a hydrophobic coating or membrane may be applied to the vacuum vent (45), which may include a hydrophobic PTFE membrane or stainless steel mesh to block liquid ingress, protecting the internal vacuum components and enhancing device durability in residential or commercial environments. An optional control system may enhance functionality by automating the air evacuation process and providing user convenience. This control system may include sensors positioned near the top opening (17) or along the inner walls of the trash can (15) to detect the insertion of a new trash bag (7), automatically activating the vacuum motor (60).
(56) The controller (70) may include a user interface, such as buttons, switches, or a touch-sensitive panel integrated into the outer container (10), may allow manual activation, suction strength adjustment, or setting preferences for automatic operation. For example, the display could provide information about trash changing, deodorizing air filter, scent spray, usage data, visual confirmation of actions, order trash bags, or text when the trash is full.
(57) The control system may include indicators, such as LED lights or a display screen, to communicate the status of the air evacuation process, with different colored lights indicating progress, completion, or issues requiring attention. The control system may offer multiple air evacuation modes for different trash bags or waste materials, with preset or customizable settings. Safety features, such as a timer to limit continuous operation or sensors to detect excessive negative pressure, may prevent overuse or damage. Energy-saving features, such as auto-shutoff after inactivity or a low-power standby mode, may be included. Diagnostic capabilities may monitor performance for early detection of potential issues and facilitate maintenance or troubleshooting. In some cases, the control system may include connectivity features, allowing the trash can assembly (5) to integrate with smart home systems or mobile applications, enabling remote monitoring, customization of settings, or notifications when the trash bag needs to be changed. This is shown in
(58) The trash can assembly (5) may incorporate additional waste management features, such as a built-in odor control system with activated carbon filters, enzymatic treatments, or scent-releasing mechanisms. The vacuum assembly (35) may include interchangeable panels or inserts, allowing users to customize the appearance or functionality of the air evacuation system with different perforation patterns, ornamental designs, or specialized features like odor-absorbing materials or antimicrobial surfaces. This modular approach enables replacement of worn components or updates to functionality without replacing the entire trash can (15). The vacuum assembly (35) may also incorporate noise reduction features, such as vibration dampening mounts, sound-absorbing materials, or aerodynamically optimized components, to minimize operational noise.
(59) This trash can assembly provides an integrated solution to a longstanding waste management problemair entrapment between trash bags and containers. It offers an aesthetically improved, user-friendly, and sensor-responsive system, with wireless retrofittability and intelligent airflow control. The system can be installed in new products or adapted to existing trash receptacles with minimal structural modification.
(60) In certain embodiments, the trash can assembly (5) is designed to integrate into existing waste receptacle designs with minimal modification, enabling efficient retrofit in manufacturing without requiring development of a custom receptacle body. The assembly (5) may include a self-contained vacuum assembly (35) housing a vacuum motor (60), plenum (42), strategically located vacuum vents (45), a battery (80), controller (70), and related components, along with a separate wireless control switch (75). The absence of wired connections between the control switch (75) and the vacuum assembly (35) allows the system to be incorporated into a wide range of pre-existing receptacle models with only minor adaptations, such as forming an exhaust vent aperture. This arrangement simplifies assembly, reduces tooling changes, allows the vacuum assembly (35) to be installed as a final-stage manufacturing step, and facilitates replacement, cleaning, or upgrading of the vacuum assembly (35) independently from the trash can (15) body.
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(62) By way of non-limiting example, adaptor variants (120) shown in
(63) During use, an operator may select an adaptor (120) corresponding to a desired receptacle and employ the same vacuum assembly (35A). The assembly (35A) may be removed from one receptacle and reinstalled on another equipped with a different adaptor (120), thereby providing interchangeability and enhanced system versatility. This modular architecture may reduce manufacturing and inventory complexity by enabling production of a single vacuum assembly (35A) while tailoring only the adaptor (120) to a specific receptacle geometry.
(64) Persons of ordinary skill in the art are aware that the use cases, structures, schematics, flow diagrams, and steps described and implied herein may be performed in any order or sub-combination without departing from the broader scope of the inventive concept disclosed herein. Every embodiment may be unique, and step(s) of method(s) may be either shortened or lengthened, overlapped with other activities, postponed, delayed, and/or continued after a time gap.
(65) For simplicity of explanation, the embodiments of the methods of this disclosure are depicted and described as a series of acts or steps. However, acts or steps in accordance with this disclosure can occur in various orders and/or concurrently, and with other acts or steps not presented and described herein. Furthermore, not all illustrated acts or steps may be required to implement the methods in accordance with the disclosed subject matter.
(66) As used herein, the singular forms a, an, and the include plural references unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to a cable includes a single cable as well as a bundle of two or more different cables, and the like. The terms comprise, comprising, includes, including, have, having, and the like, used in the specification and claims are meant to be open-ended and not restrictive, meaning including but not limited to.
(67) In the foregoing description, numerous specific details are set forth, such as specific structures, dimensions, processes, parameters, etc., to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. The features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. The words example, exemplary, illustrative and the like, are used herein to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any aspect or design described herein as example or its equivalents is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects or designs. Rather, use of the words example or equivalents is intended to present concepts in a concrete fashion.
(68) As used in this application, the term or is intended to mean an inclusive or rather than an exclusive or. That is, unless specified otherwise, or clear from context, X includes A or B is intended to mean any of the natural inclusive permutations. That is, if X includes A, X includes B, or X includes both A and B, then X includes A or B is satisfied under any of the foregoing instances.
(69) Reference throughout this specification to an embodiment, certain embodiments, or one embodiment means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of the phrase an embodiment, certain embodiments, or one embodiment throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
(70) As used herein, the term about in connection with a measured quantity, refers to the normal variations in that measured quantity, as expected by one of ordinary skill in the art in making the measurement and exercising a level of care commensurate with the objective of measurement and the precision of the measuring equipment. For example, in some exemplary embodiments, the term about may include the recited number10%, such that about 10 would include from 9 to 11. In other exemplary embodiments, the term about may include the recited numberX %, where X is considered the normal variation in said measurement by one of ordinary skill in the art. Substantially identical pieces or parts means identical other than different markings, colors, or nonfunctional aspects, if any, and identical other than normal manufacturing variations.
(71) Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific exemplary embodiments, it will be evident that the various modifications and changes can be made to these embodiments without departing from the broader scope of the disclosure. Accordingly, the specification and drawings are to be regarded in an illustrative sense rather than in a restrictive sense. It will also be apparent to the skilled artisan that the embodiments described above are specific examples of a single broader disclosure which may have greater scope than any of the singular descriptions taught. There may be many alterations made in the descriptions without departing from the scope of the present innovation, which is defined solely by the claims.