DEVICE FOR CONNECTING THE LOWER LEG OF A SKIER TO A SKI BINDING, AND FOOTWEAR ASSEMBLY INCORPORATING SAID DEVICE

Abstract

Device for connecting the lower leg J of a skier S, with a foot P and an ankle axis CC′, to a ski binding F mounted on a ski board PS, comprising a footwear assembly (30), a tibial connection (16) with at least one rigid rod (16-3), said at least one rigid rod comprising an upper end (16-1) comprising means (18) of attachment to the lower leg J, including securing means (24) and a lower end (16-2) comprising a pivot connection (20) pivoting about an axis AA′ with respect to said footwear assembly (30), characterized in that it comprises means (22) of articulation having at least one degree of freedom, these means being interposed between the upper end (16-1) of said at least one rigid rod (16-3) and the means (18) of attachment to the lower leg J. The invention also covers the footwear assembly equipped with this device.

Claims

1. A device for connecting the lower leg J of a skier S, with a foot P and an ankle axis CC′, to a ski binding F mounted on a ski board PS, comprising a footwear assembly (30, 60), a tibial connection (16, 51) with at least one rigid rod (16-3, 51-2, 51-3), said at least one rigid rod comprising an upper end (16-1) including means of attachment (18, 52) to the lower leg J, including securing means (24, 52-1) and a lower end (16-2) including a pivot connection (20, 55) along an axis AA′ with respect to said footwear assembly (30, 60), characterized in that it includes means of articulation (22, 53) having at least one degree of freedom, these means being interposed between the upper end (16-1) of said at least one rigid rod (16-3, 51-2, 51-3) and the means of attachment (18, 52) to the lower leg J.

2. The device for connecting the lower leg J of a skier S and a ski binding F mounted on a ski board PS, according to claim 1, characterized in that the means of articulation (22, 53) comprise a degree of freedom in translation.

3. The device for connecting the lower leg J of a skier S and a ski binding F mounted on a ski board PS, according to claim 1, characterized in that the means of articulation (22, 53) comprise a degree of freedom in translation and a degree of freedom in rotation.

4. The device for connecting the lower leg J of a skier S and a ski binding F mounted on a ski board PS, according to claim 1, characterized in that the means of articulation (22) comprise a mushroom-shaped pin (22-1) with a body (22-2) and a head (22-3), integral with the means of securing (24) to the lower leg J and comprise a longitudinal aperture (16-4) provided at the upper end (16-1) of the rigid rod (16-3), through which the body of said pin passes, this aperture having a width less than the diameter of the head, so that the body (22-2) of said pin (22-1) slides in this longitudinal aperture (16-4) while the head (22-3) of said pin retains said upper end (16-1) of the rigid rod (16-3) of said tibial connection (16).

5. A footwear assembly (30, 60) equipped with the device (10) for connecting the lower leg J of a skier S and a ski binding F mounted on a ski board PS, according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a base sole (32, 61) intended to receive a boot (34), said base sole (32, 61) including at least one substantially vertical lateral lug (32-1, 61-1, 61-2), the end of each lateral lug (32-1, 61-1, 61-2) being intended to receive the pivot connection (20, 55) of each rigid rod (16-3, 51-2, 51-3).

6. The footwear assembly (30) according to claim 5, characterized in that the end of each lateral lug (32-1) rises substantially adjacent to the axis CC′ of the ankle of the skier S, so that the axis AA′ is at least in proximity to the axis CC′.

7. The footwear assembly (60) according to claim 5, characterized in that each lateral lug (61-1, 61-2) extends so that the axis (AA′) of the pivot connection (55) is substantially offset with respect to the axis (CC′) of the ankle.

8. The footwear assembly (30, 60) according to claim 5, characterized in that the base sole (32, 61) comprises ends at the front and rear (32-2) and (32-3) respectively, having a profile combined with that of the ski binding F.

9. The footwear assembly (30, 60) according to claim 5, characterized in that the lightweight boot (34) comprises a rigid sole (34-2) provided with a first portion (36-1) of removable attachment means (36), the second portion (36-2) of these removable attachment means (36) being carried by the base sole (32, 61).

10. The footwear assembly (30, 60) according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises at least one tubular-shaped sealed sleeve (38) with a shank (38-1), a lower opening (38-2), an upper opening (38-3) and an opening for entry.

11. The footwear assembly (30) according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises means of adjusting the coincidence (42) of the axis AA′ with the axis of rotation of the ankle CC′.

Description

[0044] The present invention is now described by means of solely illustrative examples, limiting in no way the scope of the invention, and based on appended illustrations, in which:

[0045] FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of the interaction between a ski footwear device with a tibial attachment of the prior art and the anatomy of the lower leg of a skier.

[0046] FIG. 2 shows a schematic view in lateral elevation of the device for connecting the lower leg with a ski binding according to the present invention.

[0047] FIG. 3 shows a schematic view in lateral elevation of the device for connecting the lower leg with a ski binding according to the present invention, and its damping means.

[0048] FIG. 4 shows a of a first variant of the means for causing coincidence.

[0049] FIG. 5 shows a view of a second variant of the means for causing coincidence.

[0050] FIG. 6 shows a schematic view in lateral elevation of the device for connecting the lower leg with a ski binding according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Shown in a simplified manner in FIG. 1 is the interaction between a footwear device A10 and the lower leg J of a skier S in an embodiment of the prior art. Thus the footwear device A10 of the prior art is attached in known fashion by its sole A12, integral with a shell A14 receiving the foot P, on a ski board PS, by means of a fastener F, this in a known manner. The footwear device A10 of a known type comprises a tibial connection A16. This tibial connection A16 consists of at least one rigid rod A16-3 which comprises, at its upper end A16-1, means of attachment A18 intended to be positioned on the lower portion of the calf M, above the ankle C of the skier S, and comprises, at its lower end A10-2, pivot connection means A20 with the shell A14. This tibial connection A16 can therefore pivot around an axis AA′ and the tibia of the skier S can pivot with respect to the foot around an axis CC′ which is the axis of the ankle C. It is noted that in the embodiment shown, a single semi-surrounding rigid rod is provided which is totally equivalent to two rods, right and left, connected together.

[0052] Depending on the anatomy of a skier S, necessarily different from one skier to another, even for an identical foot length, these axes AA′ and CC′ can only exceptionally be congruent. But during practice, the skier S is caused to continually modify his position with respect to the ski boards PS and his center of gravity, when bending and when inclining the tibia with a certain amplitude to shift his weight forward or rearward. Moreover, these variable inclinations in the front/rear plane occur during phases with positions of the body, therefore of the lower leg, more or less inclined laterally, which also continually modifies the pressures, the forces. There therefore exists a misalignment of the axes, which induces translation movements of the means of attachment A18 of the tibial connection A16 to the calf M at each bending movement. These movements are limited, but they are continuous and cause discomfort at the very least, an injury at worst, all the more so because the means of attachment A18 are clamped, but there is also a minimum clamping of said means of attachment A18 to retain good control of the skis.

[0053] The present invention is shown schematically in FIG. 2; clothing of the sock, pant, type has been eliminated for clarity of the representation. In this FIG. 2, common elements are found with those of the prior art, having the same labels but with the A eliminated. The device 10 for connecting the lower leg J of a skier S to a ski binding, according to the present invention, comprises a tibial connection 16 in the form of at least one rigid rod 16-3, the upper end 16-1 of which carries means 18 of attachment to the lower leg and the lower end 16-2 of which carries a pivot connection 20. The present invention relates in particular to these means of attachment 18 which comprise means of articulation 22, with at least one degree of freedom, in translation in the main and in translation and rotation in the better embodiment. This arrangement can therefore be adapted to existing shell boots with a tibial connection, simple boots with a tibial connection linked to said simple boot or even to the preferred embodiment of a footwear assembly with a sole as described below.

[0054] To this end, the means of attachment 18 comprise means 24 for securing to the lower leg J, for example in the form of a collar 26 of the type comprising at least one strip the ends of which are provided with self-gripping means. These self-gripping means allow adjustment of the clamping of the securing means by the skier S on the lower leg, this in known fashion. The tibial connection 16 comprises at least one rigid rod 16-3, right and left or semi-surrounding, each with an upper end 16-1. The means of articulation 22 are interposed between each upper end 16-1 of said at least one rigid rod 16-3 and the means of attachment 18. In this case, two rods are provided, right and left, but they could also form only one rigid rod with a semi-surrounding shape as already indicated.

[0055] According to a preferred embodiment, the means of articulation 22 comprise at least one degree of freedom selected among translation and rotation, translation being selected for the main one. For each at least one rigid rod 16-3, still according to a particular embodiment, these means of articulation 22 consist of a mushroom-shaped pin 22-1 with a body 22-2 and a head 22-3. The pin 22-1 is integral with the means 24 for securing to the lower leg J. The upper end 16-1 of the rigid rod 16-3 comprises the other portion of the means of articulation 22, namely a longitudinal aperture 16-4. This aperture has a width that is smaller than the diameter of the head, over at least a portion of its periphery. Thus, the body 22-2 of said pin 22-1 slides in this longitudinal aperture 16-4 while the head 22-3 of said pin retains said upper end 16-1 of the rigid rod 16-3 of said tibial connection 16. The upper end 16-1 of said tibial connection 16 can then pivot and move in translation with respect to the securing means 24, which are not loaded in any way with respect to the lower leg J.

[0056] As a matter of fact, the securing means 24 of the means of attachment 18 of the tibial connection can be placed higher on the lower leg J, i.e. below the knee, in the upper portion of the tibia, with no trouble. In the prior art, the higher the tibial connection was, the greater the movements of the means of attachment were with respect to the lower leg. This is no longer the case with the present invention, and the means of articulation 22 interposed between the at least one rigid rod 16-3 of the tibial connection 16 and the means of attachment 18 of said tibial connection 16 on the lower leg J allow positioning the securing means 24 between the lower portion of the lower leg J and the upper portion of the lower leg J, therefore preferably at the upper portion, this provided that the at least one rigid rod 16-3 is of suitable length. The advantage of positioning the securing means with the at least one rigid rod 16-3 with a great length is to procure for the skier S better control of his bending and of the movements of the foot P and to have smaller forces transmitted to the tibia for a given bending moment due to the increase in the length of the multiplying lever arm. Preferably, a rigid rod 16-3 is provided on each side of the lower leg J so as to dispose of, for each shell 14, two rigid rods, right and left, attached to the same means of attachment 18 and therefore to the same securing means 24, including when a single semi-surrounding rod is involved. Means of articulation 22, other than a pin in a slide, can be considered, including a simple flange in which the upper end of the corresponding rigid rod slides. The flange then having a rectangular cross section and the end of the rod also being rectangular but with a slightly smaller width and with a sufficiently smaller length, the clearance is sufficient to allow translation and a given angular rotation. It is observed that the problem of continuous movements and loading of the means of attachment 18 is solved and that even if the axes CC′ and AA′ are not aligned, the offset is compensated by the means of articulation 22, contributing all the comfort on this portion of the connection device.

[0057] It is also observed that, when the means of articulation comprise two degrees of freedom, hence translation and rotation, the pressure on the pin 22-1, in this case, is exerted on the set of securing means because the pin exerts its force radially, so that the force is distributed over the entire surface of the securing means in a homogeneous manner and not a pointwise force which acts in an unbalanced fashion on the top or on the bottom of the securing means in the arrangements of the prior art. This also leads to the improvement of comfort due to this distribution of forces.

[0058] It is understood that the connecting device 10 according to the present invention finds application to shells with a tibial connection of the prior art, to boots with tibial connection and to the footwear assembly described hereafter.

[0059] The numerous problems connected to the presence of a shell with the weight, the constraints on the talus, on the malleolus, constraints linked to the clamping of the shell, the confining of the foot with impermeability to the removal of perspiration, in particular, are however not solved by the connection device according to the present invention. The connecting device according to the present invention being able to be installed with means of articulation 22, the present invention proposes a footwear assembly equipped or not with said connecting device 10, which solves the problems invoked above and not solved by the connecting device.

[0060] In this same FIG. 2, in the lower portion, a footwear assembly 30 according to the present invention is described which integrates the device 10 for connecting the lower leg J to a ski binding F. The invention also covers the footwear assembly integrating said device 10 for connecting the lower leg J with a ski binding F, the footwear assembly eliminating the shell A14 of the prior art. Thus, the footwear assembly 30 comprises a base sole 32 intended to receive a boot 34. This base sole 32 includes at least one substantially vertical lateral lug 32-1, the end of each lateral lug 32-1 being intended to receive the pivot connection 20 of each rigid rod 16-3. The end of each lateral lug 32-1 rises substantially adjacent to the axis CC′ of the ankle of the skier S, having worn it, so that the axis AA′ is congruent with or at least in proximity to the axis CC′. This base sole 32 comprises, at the front and at the rear, ends 32-2 and 32-3 respectively, having a profile combined with that of the ski binding F that receives it.

[0061] According to the invention, in the footwear assembly 30 of the present invention, the foot P is housed in a lightweight boot 34, itself comprising a rod 34-1 surrounding the foot, using leather for comfort for example and a rigid sole 34-2. The rigid sole 34-2 is advantageously a sole with high stiffness, like the soles of bicycling shoes for automatic pedals. This rigid sole 34-2 includes a first portion 36-1 of removable attachment means 36, of which the second portion 36-2 of these removable attachment means 36 is carried by the base sole. The lightweight boot 34 can therefore be attached removably to the base sole 32. The removable attachment means 36 can be screws, snap or slide fasteners or any similar means, at the front and at the rear of the sole. The foot P is retained in the lightweight boot by any known means for closing the upper, such as laces, wire micrometric closures or hook closures.

[0062] The footwear assembly 30 thus comprises a base sole 32 including, in the preferred embodiment, two lateral lugs 32-1, right and left, a tibial connection 16 with two rigid rods 16-3, right and left, connected together or being a single monolithic rigid rod with a semi-surrounding shape. Each rigid rod 16-3 is articulated at its lower portion 16-2 around its own pivot connection 20, right and left, defining the axis AA′. Each rigid rod 16-3 is connected by its upper end 16-1, right and left, to the means of attachment 18 and more particularly to the means of articulation 22 of the means 24 for securing said means of attachment 18 to the lower leg J.

[0063] The present footwear assembly 30 is completed by at least one tubular-shaped sealed sleeve 38, with a shank 38-1, a lower opening 38-2 and an upper opening 38-3. The material used is preferably a waterproof fabric. The shank 38-1 can be produced to shape, i.e. to the profile of the lightweight boot and the lower leg J. The lower opening 38-2 has a profile suited to the peripheral shape of the base sole 32 in order to be able to provide a sealed mechanical connection between said lower opening 38-2 and said base sole 32. The high opening 38-3 can be linked to the means of attachment 18, particularly to the securing means 24. An opening for entry, for example a rear opening of the slide fastener type, can be provided, more particularly along a longitudinal vertical line. This slide fastener can advantageously be sealed. An opening on the front is also possible.

[0064] The present footwear assembly can also be equipped with an insulating layer 39, shown very partially in FIG. 2, which can be a lining, attached by gluing or removable, of the sealed sleeve 38, or a separate complete sleeve. This insulating layer 39 provides thermal insulation.

[0065] In order to be able to ventilate the inside of the sealed sleeve and allow the feet to breathe, perforations are preferably provided in the lightweight boot. Natural ventilation within the sealed sleeve 38 provides circulation, on the one hand because said sealed sleeve remains flexible and a circulation space is provided and, on the other hand because during permanent bending movements there occurs a continuous suction/blowing effect. If necessary, other options can be considered, particularly if the sleeve is tight, waterproof and insulating as a neoprene material would be; it would then be necessary to be able to ventilate the interior and a mechanical pump can be installed, such as a ball with a valve which blows air inward drawn from the outside, driving out humid air, this during each bending movement which are continuous during practice. Any solution remains conceivable, particularly technical materials, simultaneously waterproof and breathable.

[0066] The skier therefore wears a lightweight boot applied and integral with the base sole 32. The means 18 of attachment to the lower leg J, integral with said base sole in its lower portion, articulated due to the pivot connections 20 in the lower portion, provide the control of the base sole 32, this sheltered from humidity and exterior cold. The forces are thus exerted on the base sole 32 and not on the sides of the boot when the rigid rods are applied to it. Bending can be limited angularly in particular by the stroke of the means of articulation 22, so that the angular abutments, front and rear, can be positioned on the lugs for example. The selection of the stroke is linked to physiological possibilities and to agreement with practice. This allows improving the control of the ski by the skier.

[0067] According to an improvement, see FIG. 3, it is also possible to provide an improvement of the control of the skis due to damping means 40, interposed between the base sole 32 and at least one of the rigid rods 16-3 of the connecting means 16. Damping means 40 of this type can take on any form, particularly that of a cylinder with a mechanical spring housed in two cylindrical half-bodies capable of sliding coaxially, but can also be more sophisticated such as a gas cylinder, an oil cylinder, a mixed cylinder or a coupling of two cylinders. The forces are large due to the fact that lever arms are involved. Dampers of this type allow further improvement in the control of the skis by the skier during practice, and particularly during descent. The damping means can also be de-clutched during prolonged stops during downhill skiing or during climbing with cross-country skis. During descent, in both disciplines, the damping means are in service for good control. De-clutching takes place without tools. According to a particular arrangement, the damping cylinder could also be placed on the front. Likewise, instead of two rigid rods, right and left, a single semi-surrounding rigid rod would be completely equivalent, and this rigid semi-surrounding rod could be applied at the front and not at the rear.

[0068] According to an improved embodiment, it is also possible to adjust the coincidence of the axis AA′ with the axis of rotation of the ankle CC′ using means 42 for adjusting the coincidence of the axis AA′ with the axis of rotation of the ankle CC′. To this end, the axis 20-1 of the pivot connection 20 is mounted on means for adjusting coincidence 42 of the type with an eccentric 20-2, see FIG. 4. If an adjustment is desired to ensure an even more perfect coincidence, an assembly with a double eccentric allows an adjustment in the plane. Thus, by turning the eccentric in its ring, it is already possible to adjust the position of the axis 20-1 of the pivot connection, which further improves comfort by virtually eliminating the movements of the means of articulation 22 by coincidence of the axes AA′ and CC′. As a result, the means of articulation 22 could be installed with very limited amplitudes in the footwear assembly 30 according to the present invention. It should be noted that, in this case, the footwear assembly 30 of the present invention makes it possible to retain free visual access and contact with the ankle, and therefore to be able to provide adjustment in an optimized fashion with respect to the morphology of the skier, to arrive at a virtually perfect coincidence, especially with a double eccentric. Once the adjustment is carried out, locking means ensure the retention of the eccentric or of the double eccentric in the determined angular position.

[0069] One variant of the means 42 for adjusting coincidence of the axis AA′ with the rotation axis of the ankle CC′ can be seen in FIG. 5. This variant, comprising apertures 20-4 intersecting at 90°, is another adjustment possibility. In this case, a plate 20-5 carries the axis 20-1 of the pivot connection and a set of apertures 20-4, and the lug 32-1 carries another set of apertures 20-4 intersecting at 90°, allowing adjustment of the position of the axis 20-1 of said pivot connection 20 to obtain the desired coincidence. This arrangement corresponds to the possibilities of movement of the double eccentric of the preceding variant, without these arrangements being limiting.

[0070] Described in FIG. 6 is a device 50 for connecting the lower leg J of a skier S to a ski binding and a footwear assembly 60 according to another embodiment of the invention.

[0071] The connecting device 50 comprises a tibial connection 51 comprising a rigid semi-surrounding part 51-1 intended to surround the rear of the calf of the skier and provided, at its upper portion, with two rods, left and right, 51-2, 51-3, intended to be applied on either side of the calf, and at its lower portion, with two straps, left and right, 51-4 and 51-5 connected together by a transverse connection 51-6 intended to be applied above the foot of the skier.

[0072] The connecting device 50 includes means 52 of attachment to the lower leg including, on the one hand, securing means 52-1 intended to be fixed isostatically to the leg of the skier. For example, the securing means 52-1 can comprise at least one elastic band or a Velcro system allowing ensuring this isostatic condition. The means of attachment 52 include, on the other hand, a semi-surrounding part 52-2 intended to surround the front of the tibia of the skier, to which the securing means 52-1 are attached. Two flanges, left and right, 52-3 and 52-4, are applied to the lateral ends of this part 52-2. A slot is provided in each flange, left and right, 52-3 and 52-4, the upper end of the left, respectively right rod, 51-2, 51-3 sliding in this slot. The width of the slot of each of the flanges 52-3, 52-4 is greater than that of the rod 51-2, 51-3 which slides there, so that each pair of flange and rod forms a means 53 of articulating the means of attachment 52 with respect to the tibial connection 51, which comprises a degree of freedom in translation and a degree of freedom in rotation. The securing means 52-1 being isostatic with respect to the leg, the tibial connection 51 and the connecting device 50 are also isostatic with respect to the leg. The means of articulation 53 transmits only forces perpendicular to the tibia, due to the fact of the free translation of the means of attachment 52 in a direction parallel to the tibia, which are distributed homogeneously on the leg, due to the free rotation of the means of attachment 52 with respect to the tibial connection 51. It would be possible to provide, as a variant, for replacing each flange with a slide in which a rail mounted on the corresponding rigid rod slides, the slide and the rail then forming a means of articulation comprising only one degree of freedom in translation.

[0073] The footwear assembly 60 includes a base sole 61, from which extend two lateral lugs, left and right, 61-1 and 61-2. In the example described, the lugs 61-1, 61-2 extend from a substantially central point of the base sole 61, obliquely and toward the front of the base sole. It would be possible, as a variant, to consider that the lugs 61-1, 61-2 extend vertically from an eccentric point of the base sole 61.

[0074] A loop 61-3 extends rearward from the base sole 61, so as to be able to surround the heel of the skier. In the example described, the lateral ends of the loop 61-3 and the lower ends of the lugs 61-1, 61-2 are congruent.

[0075] The connecting device 50 includes a hinge 54, mounted on the transverse connection 51-6, and having two lateral tabs, left and right, 54-1 and 54-2. Each tab 54-1, 54-2 is thus connected to one of the lugs 61-1, 61-2 to form a pivot connection 55 of the tibial connection 51 with respect to the base sole 61, the pivot connection 55 thus defining an axis AA′.

[0076] As in the example of FIG. 3, the footwear assembly 60 can include damping means 40 interposed between the tibial connection 51 and the base sole 61. In the example of FIG. 6, a first hinge 51-6 is mounted on the part 51-1 and a second hinge 61-4 is mounted on the loop 61-3, the damping means 40 comprising a cylinder with a spring in which the cylinder and the piston are both connected to one of these hinges 61-6 and 61-4.

[0077] It is thus observed that, due to the orientation of the straps 51-4, 51-5 and of the lugs 61-1, 61-2, the axis AA′ is substantially offset with respect to the axis of rotation CC′ of the ankle of the skier, by being positioned above the talus of the foot of the skier. This geometry allows ensuring a distribution of the stress points, defined by the means of articulation 53, the pivot connections 55, and the two hinges 51-6 and 64-4, relatively balanced around the axis of rotation CC′, the lever arms of each of these stress points thus being of the same order of magnitude and the forces at these points consequently being homogeneous.

[0078] It is thus observed that the invention allows dissociating the mechanical, thermal insulation and sealing functions by distributing them over different elements, each dedicated to one or more of these functions. While these functions are generally all provided by the assembly of the rigid shell and the foam of a conventional ski boot, which poses the problems mentioned in the preamble of the description, the invention proposes to attribute the mechanical function to the connecting device alone and to attribute the thermal insulation and sealing function to the sleeve, and thus specifically treat each of these functions without impacting or interfering with the others.

[0079] The representations of the connecting device and of the footwear assembly remain schematic, but could be modified esthetically and aerodynamically without departing from the scope of the present invention. It is observed that the width of the device is greatly reduced compared to shells.