Abstract
An elevator system (2) comprising a hoistway (4), an elevator car (6) and a counterweight (8) arranged to move within the hoistway (4). The system (2) further includes a first counterweight guide rail and a second counterweight guide rail arranged to guide the counterweight within the hoistway (4) and a guide rail bracket (32) which connects the first and second counterweight guide rails together. An elevator machine (10) is arranged to drive a tension member (14), which couples the elevator car (6) and counterweight together (8), to move the elevator car (6) within the hoistway (4). The system (2) further includes a friction reducing element (36) arranged on the guide rail bracket (32) such that if the tension member (14) moves towards the guide rail bracket (32) during operation of the elevator system (2), the tension member (14) contacts the friction reducing element (36).
Claims
1. An elevator system comprising: a hoistway; an elevator car and a counterweight arranged to move within the hoistway; a first counterweight guide rail and a second counterweight guide rail arranged to guide the counterweight within the hoistway; a guide rail bracket which connects the first and second counterweight guide rails together; an elevator machine arranged to drive a tension member, which couples the elevator car and counterweight together, to move the elevator car within the hoistway; and a friction reducing element arranged on the guide rail bracket such that if the tension member moves towards the guide rail bracket, the tension member contacts the friction reducing element.
2. The elevator system of claim 1, wherein the elevator machine comprises a traction sheave around which the tension member passes; and wherein the tension member extends between the traction sheave and a deflector sheave arranged on the elevator car.
3. The elevator system of claim 2, wherein the elevator car is arranged to move in a vertical direction within the hoistway and wherein a portion of the tension member extending from the deflector sheave arranged on the elevator car towards the traction sheave extends in a plane which is angled with respect to the vertical direction.
4. The elevator system of claim 1, wherein the elevator car is movable within a range within the hoistway, and wherein the friction reducing element is arranged such that the tension member contacts the friction reducing element during only a portion of the range of movement of the elevator car.
5. The elevator system of claim 1, wherein the friction reducing element comprises a rounded surface which the tension member may contact in use.
6. The elevator system of claim 1, wherein the friction reducing element comprises a roller.
7. The elevator system of claim 1, wherein the friction reducing element is arranged on an upper side of the guide rail bracket.
8. The elevator system of claim 1, wherein the friction reducing element comprises a friction reducing coating.
9. The elevator system of claim 1, comprising a plurality of guide rail brackets arranged to connect the first and second guide rails together, wherein the plurality of guide rail brackets are spaced along a length of the first and second guide rails, and wherein the friction reducing element is arranged on a guide rail bracket arranged in an uppermost position within the hoistway.
10. The elevator system of claim 1, further comprising at least one elevator car guide rail, and wherein the elevator car guide rail is supported by the guide rail bracket.
11. The elevator system of claim 1, wherein the elevator machine is arranged within the hoistway.
12. The elevator system of claim 1, wherein the tension member comprises at least one coated-steel belt.
13. A guide rail assembly for guiding a counterweight within an elevator hoistway; the guide rail assembly comprising: a first counterweight guide rail and a second counterweight guiderail; a guide rail support bracket extending between the first and second counterweight guiderails; and a friction reducing element arranged on the guiderail support bracket.
14. The guiderail assembly of claim 13, wherein the friction reducing element comprises a roller.
15. A method of installing an elevator system, wherein the elevator system comprises: a hoistway; an elevator car and a counterweight arranged to move within the hoistway; a first counterweight guide rail and a second counterweight guide rail arranged to guide the counterweight within the hoistway; a guide rail bracket which connects the first and second counterweight guide rails together; and an elevator machine arranged to drive a tension member, which couples the elevator car and counterweight together, to move the elevator car within the hoistway; wherein the method comprises: arranging a friction reducing element on the guide rail bracket such that if the tension member moves towards the guide rail bracket, the tension member contacts the friction reducing element.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] Certain examples of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0029] FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an elevator system in accordance with an example of the present disclosure, with the elevator car in a first position;
[0030] FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the elevator system shown in FIG. 1, with the elevator car in a second, higher position;
[0031] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the counterweight guide rail assembly and elevator machine of the elevator system shown in FIG. 1;
[0032] FIG. 4 is a close-up view of the friction reducing element shown in FIG. 3;
[0033] FIG. 5 is a side view of a mounting assembly;
[0034] FIG. 6 is a top view of the guide rail bracket with the friction reducing element arranged thereon;
[0035] FIG. 7 is a side view of another mounting assembly which comprises a friction reducing element in accordance with another example of the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0036] FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an elevator system 2 in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. The elevator system 2 comprises a hoistway 4. An elevator car 6 and counterweight 8 are arranged to move vertically within the hoistway 4. The counterweight 8 is configured to balance a load of the elevator car 6 and is configured to facilitate movement of the elevator car 6 concurrently and in an opposite direction with respect to the counterweight 8 within the hoistway 4.
[0037] An elevator machine 10, which comprises a traction sheave 12, is also arranged within the hoistway 4. The elevator system 2 may thus be considered to be a machine room-less elevator system. The elevator machine 10 is offset with respect to the elevator car 6 such that the elevator car 6 can move to a position within the hoistway 4 whereby the elevator car 6 is at least partially adjacent the elevator machine 10. This is depicted in FIG. 2. Arranging the elevator machine 10 in the hoistway 4 may reduce the volume within a building which is occupied by the elevator system 2. Of course, the elevator machine 10 may be arranged in any other suitable manner.
[0038] The elevator machine 10 drives a traction sheave 12 to drive a tension member 14 which is coupled to the elevator car 6 and counterweight 8. The tension member 14 may include or be configured as, for example, ropes, steel cables, and/or coated-steel belts. The elevator machine 10 is configured to control movement between the elevator car 6 and the counterweight 8, and thus control the position of the elevator car 6 within the hoistway 4.
[0039] The tension member 14 extends between a first termination 16 and a second termination 18. The first and second terminations 16, 18 are points at which the tension member 14 is held in a fixed position within the hoistway 4. In the example depicted, the counterweight 8 comprises a first deflector sheave 20 around which the tension member 14 passes. The tension member 14 also passes around a second deflector sheave 22 and a third deflector sheave 24 arranged on the elevator car 6. In the example depicted, the second and third deflector sheaves 22, 24 guide the tension member 14 along an underside 26 of the elevator car 6. This arrangement is typically known as an ‘underslung’ arrangement. Of course, any other suitable arrangement of the tension member 14 with respect to the counterweight 8 and the elevator car 6 may be utilised and any number of deflector sheaves may be utilised.
[0040] When the elevator machine 10 drives the traction sheave 12 to rotate, the traction sheave 12 drives movement of the tension member 14 causing the elevator car 6 to move upwards, whilst the counterweight 8 simultaneously moves downwards, or cause the elevator car 6 to move downwards, whilst the counterweight 8 simultaneously moves upwards.
[0041] Whilst not shown in FIG. 1, the counterweight 8 is constrained to move within the hoistway 4 along first and second counterweight guide rails 28, 30. These counterweight guide rails 28, 30 are shown in FIG. 3 and will be described in more detail below. The counterweight guide rails 28, 30 constrain the counterweight 8 to move vertically within the hoistway 4. Additionally, the elevator system 2 comprises at least one elevator car guide rail 38 (not shown in FIG. 1), which guides the elevator car 6 to move vertically within the hoistway 4. A guide rail bracket 32 extends between the first and second counterweight guide rails 28, 30 and acts to couple the first and second counterweight guide rails 28, 30 together. The car guide rail 38 may also be mounted to the guide rail bracket 32, as is shown in FIG. 3 and described in more detail below. The guide rail bracket 32 may be connected, for example via a wall mounting bracket (not shown in this Figure), to an inside wall 34 of the hoistway 4. In the example depicted in FIG. 1, a friction reducing element, in the form of a roller 36 is arranged on the guide rail bracket 32. The roller 36 will be described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6.
[0042] In the elevator system 2 depicted in FIG. 1, the tension member 14 extends directly from the elevator machine 10, specifically the traction sheave 12 thereof, to the second deflector sheave 22 on the elevator car 6. As a result, as the elevator car 6 moves within the hoistway 6, the angle 23 of the tension member 6 (i.e. the angle 23 of the plane in which the tension member 6 extends) with respect to a vertical direction 25 extending through the hoistway 4, changes depending on the position of the elevator car 6 within the hoistway. For example, as the elevator car 6 moves downwards within the hoistway 4, the angle 23 between the tension member 6 and the vertical axis 25 will reduce, which will result in the tension member 14 being brought closer to the guide rail bracket 32. The presence of the roller 36 advantageously means that even as the angle 23 of the tension member 14 reduces, the tension member 14 will not drag against the guide rail bracket 32 itself, and instead it will come into contact with the roller 36. The roller 26 will reduce the friction experienced by the tension member 14 and allow the tension member 14 to move more freely. As discussed previously, this may reduce wear on the tension member 14, which may reduce the amount of maintenance required as well as ensuring the safety of the elevator system 2. Additionally, it may reduce the load on the elevator machine 10 and may reduce the amount of noise generated during operation of the elevator system 2.
[0043] When the elevator car 6 is in the position shown in FIG. 1, the tension member 14 is in contact with the roller 36. The tension member 14 may remain in contact with the roller 36 as the elevator car 6 is lowered from the position shown in FIG. 1. The roller 36 may therefore roll with the tension member 14 as the elevator car 6 is raised and lowered. However, the tension member 14 may not always be in contact with the roller 36. FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the elevator system 2, shown in FIG. 1, wherein the elevator car 6 has been driven vertically upwards in the hoistway 4 by operation of the elevator machine 10. In moving the elevator car 6 upwards, the counterweight 8 has moved downwards within the hoistway 4. As depicted, the angle 23 between the tension member 14 and the vertical axis 25 has increased. As a result, in the position depicted in FIG. 2, the tension member 14 is no longer in contact with the roller 36. Thus, as will be appreciated, the roller 36 may serve to prevent the tension member 14 from directly contacting the guide rail bracket 32 when the elevator car 6 is in certain positions within the hoistway 4. As such, the tension member 14 may only contact the roller 36 for a portion of the range of movement of the elevator car 6 within the hoistway 4. Of course, even though the tension member 14 may not normally be in contact with the roller 36 at certain positions within the hoistway, if the tension member 14 were to be caused to sway for any reason, the tension member 14 may sway towards, and contact, the roller 36. The roller 36 may, therefore, prevent the tension member from contacting the guide rail bracket 32 in such instances.
[0044] FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a counterweight guide rail assembly 9 which may be utilised in the elevator system 2 shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 shows the first and second guide rails 28, 30 which guide the counterweight 8. Also shown is an elevator car guide rail 38, which is coupled to the guide rail bracket 32. The elevator system 2 may comprise a further elevator car guide rail arranged opposite the elevator car guide rail 38 shown in FIG. 3. The further elevator car guide rail may, for example, be affixed to a wall of the hoistway 4. The counterweight 8 comprises a frame 40 which supports a plurality of weights 42. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, an appropriate number of weights 42 may be arranged within the frame 40 to balance the weight of the elevator car 6. The frame 40, of the counterweight 8, is guided along the first and second counterweight guide rails 28, 30 by four guide shoes 44. Whilst a specific form of counterweight 8 is illustrated and described above, any other suitable form of counterweight 8 may be utilised.
[0045] As depicted in FIG. 3, the roller 36 is arranged on the guide rail bracket 32 which is in an uppermost position, i.e. the guide rail bracket 32 which is closest to the elevator machine 10. The guide rail assembly 9 may comprise further guide rail brackets 32 arranged along the length of the first and second counterweight guide rails 28, 30, but which are not shown in this Figure. The guide rail bracket 32 couples the first and second counterweight guide rails 28, 30 together via mounting assemblies 37 arranged at each end of the guide rail bracket 32.
[0046] FIG. 4 shows a close-up view of the upper portion of the guide rail assembly 9 focussing on the guide rail bracket 32 and the roller 36 arranged thereon. As shown in this Figure, the tension member 14 comprises three sub-members 14A, 14B, 14C. The sub-members 14A, 14B, 14C may have any suitable form. For example, they may comprise coated-steel belts. Whilst three sub-members 14A, 14B, 14C are illustrated, it will be appreciated that the tension member 14 may comprise any number of sub-members. The roller 36 has a width which is greater than the lateral extent of the tension member 14, i.e. the lateral extent of the three sub-members 14A, 14B, 14C, such that the entire tension member 14 comes into contact with the roller 36 when the tension member 14 moves towards the guide rail bracket 32.
[0047] FIG. 5 shows a side view of one of the mounting assemblies 37, shown in FIG. 3, which includes the guide rail bracket 32 and illustrates the further components that are mounted thereto. For reference, in the view shown in FIG. 5, an end face 31 of the guide rail bracket 32 is visible. As depicted, the roller 36 comprises a rolling element 46 which is mounted to the guide rail bracket 32 by two support brackets 48. The support brackets 48 are fixed in place by fixing elements 50. A counterweight guide rail support 52, a car guide rail support 54 and a wall mount 56 are also provided and secured together using a series of fixing elements 58. The car guide rail support 54 is attached to the guide rail bracket 32. The guide rail bracket 32 is fixed to the wall mount 56 and guide rail support 52 by fixing elements 58. Counterweight guide rail fixing elements 60 are provided on the counterweight guide rail support 52 and are used to secure the counterweight guide rails 28, 30 to the counterweight guide rail support 52. A car guide rail fixing element 62 is provided to fix the elevator car guide rail 38 to the car guide rail support 54, which is attached to the guide rail bracket 32. For example, the car guide rail fixing element 62 may secure a portion, e.g. a rear portion, of the car guide rail 38 to the car guide rail support 54. The car guide rail fixing element 62 may comprise a clamping plate 63 which secures the car guide rail 38 to the car guide rail support 54. Any number of car guide rail fixing elements 62 may be utilised. The mounting assembly 37 conveniently mounts, e.g. supports, the counterweight guide rails 28, 30, the elevator car guide rail 38 and the roller 36 arranged on the guide rail bracket 32. The wall mount 56 may be used to fix the mounting assembly to an internal wall 34 of the elevator system 2. The fixing elements described above may comprise any suitable fixing element, e.g. a nut and corresponding bolt.
[0048] FIG. 6 shows a top view of the guide rail bracket 32, coupled at each end to the mounting bracket assemblies 37. As shown, the roller 36 is attached to a top surface 62 of the guide rail bracket 32 such that the roller 36 is arranged on an upper side of the guide rail bracket 32.
[0049] FIG. 7 shows a side view of another mounting assembly 137 which comprises a different form of friction reducing element 136. The mounting bracket assembly 137 is otherwise identical to the mounting bracket assembly 37 discussed above. Instead of a friction reducing element in the form of a roller 36, the friction reducing element 136 is a static element which comprises a rounded contact surface 164, which the tension member 14 may contact during operation of the elevator system. The friction reducing element 136 is mounted to the guide rail bracket 132. The rounded contact surface 164 of the friction reducing element 136 may reduce the friction experienced by the tension member 14, when compared to contacting the guide rail support bracket 132 directly. At least the rounded contact surface 164 may, in some examples, be coated with a friction reducing coating, for example PTFE. This may further reduce the friction experienced by the tension member 14.
[0050] Whilst two examples of a friction reducing element 36, 136 are depicted, it will be appreciated that any friction reducing element which reduces the friction experienced by the tension member 14 when it moves towards the guide rail bracket 32, 132 may be utilised.
[0051] With reference to the example depicted in FIGS. 1-6, according to some aspects of the present disclosure, a method of installing the elevator system 2 may comprise arranging the friction reducing element, i.e. the roller 36, on the guide rail bracket 32 such that if the tension member 14 moves towards the guide rail bracket, the tension member 14 comes into contact with the roller 36 rather than the guide rail bracket. The method may comprise appropriately arranging the roller 36 with respect to the guide rail bracket 32. For example, the method may comprise arranging the roller 36 so as to extend from an upper side of the guide rail bracket 32. The method may comprise arranging the roller 36 on the uppermost guide rail bracket 32 in the elevator system 2. The method may further comprising installing at least one, e.g. all, of the other components of the elevator system 2.
[0052] Accordingly, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that examples of the present disclosure provide an improved elevator system in which the friction experienced by the tension member of the system may be reduced. While specific examples of the disclosure have been described in detail, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the examples described in detail are not limiting on the scope of the disclosure.
