Composition comprising recombinant clostridium neurotoxin
11642399 · 2023-05-09
Assignee
Inventors
Cpc classification
A61P1/04
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A61P29/00
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A61P19/08
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A61P7/00
HUMAN NECESSITIES
C12P21/06
CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
A61P9/10
HUMAN NECESSITIES
C12Y304/24069
CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
A61P35/00
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A61P25/14
HUMAN NECESSITIES
Y02A50/30
GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
A61K47/26
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A61P21/00
HUMAN NECESSITIES
International classification
A61K47/26
HUMAN NECESSITIES
Abstract
The invention provides methods for producing soluble di-chain BoNT/A protein.
Claims
1. A liquid pharmaceutical composition comprising: an active di-chain BoNT/A protein; Lys-C; a non-protein stabilizing agent that is a surfactant; and water; wherein: the composition does not comprise a protein stabilizing agent; the Lys-C is present at a concentration of less than 400 pg Lys-C per 100 ng BoNT/A protein; and less than 2% of the BoNT/A in the composition is single-chain BoNT/A.
2. The liquid pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition contains Lys-C at a concentration of less than 300 pg Lys-C per 100 ng BoNT/A protein.
3. The liquid pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, further comprising: sodium chloride; a buffer to maintain pH between 5.5 and 7.5; and a disaccharide; wherein the water is sterile water.
4. The liquid pharmaceutical composition of claim 2, wherein the composition contains Lys-C at a concentration of less than 200 pg Lys-C per 100 ng BoNT/A protein.
5. The liquid pharmaceutical composition of claim 2, wherein the composition contains Lys-C at a concentration of less than 100 pg Lys-C per 100 ng BoNT/A protein.
6. The liquid pharmaceutical composition of claim 2, wherein the composition contains Lys-C at a concentration of less than 50 pg Lys-C per 100 ng BoNT/A protein.
7. The liquid pharmaceutical composition of claim 2, wherein the composition contains Lys-C at a concentration of less than 20 pg Lys-C per 100 ng BoNT/A protein.
8. The liquid pharmaceutical composition of claim 2, wherein the composition contains Lys-C at a concentration of less than 10 pg Lys-C per 100 ng BoNT/A protein.
9. The liquid pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein less than 1% of the BoNT/A in the composition is single-chain BoNT/A.
10. The liquid pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, produced using a method wherein a soluble single-chain BoNT/A protein is contacted with Lys-C in solution and, following such contact, the BoNT/A is separated from Lys-C by contacting the solution containing the BoNT/A and Lys-C with a hydrophobic surface, wherein the BoNT/A binds with preference to the hydrophobic surface.
11. The liquid pharmaceutical composition of claim 3 consisting of: BoNT/A protein wherein less than 2% of the protein is in single-chain form; a non-protein stabilizing agent that is a surfactant; water; Lys-C at less than 400 pg Lys-C per 100 ng BoNT/A protein; sodium chloride; a buffer to maintain pH between 5.5 and 7.5; and a disaccharide.
Description
LIST OF FIGURES
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EXAMPLES
Example 1—Culturing of Host and Expression of Soluble rBoNT/A Protein
(15) A single colony of BoNT/A transformed in BLR (DE3) cells is used to inoculate a 250 mL conical flask containing 100 mL modified Terrific Broth (mTB) supplemented with 0.2% glucosamine and 30 μg/mL kanamycin. This method would be equally applicable when using a Microbank bead or glycerol stock (10-100 μL) to inoculate the flask.
(16) The flask is incubated for 16 hours at 37° C. with 250 RPM shaking. 10 mL of this starter culture is used to inoculate 2 L conical flasks each containing 1 L supplemented with 0.2% glucosamine and 30 μg/mL kanamycin. Cells are grown at 37° C. for 2 hours at 225 RPM until an OD.sub.600 of 0.5 is reached. At this point, the culture temperature is dropped to 16° C. After 1 hour, the cells are induced to express BoNT/A by addition of 1 mM IPTG for 20 hours. Cells are harvested by centrifugation for 20 min at 4° C., weighed and then stored at −20° C.
Example 2—Extraction of BoNT/A Protein from Host and Analysis of Expression Level
(17) Expression cell pastes of rBoNT/A are thawed at room temperature and resuspended by pipetting in 3 mL of Tris-NaCl re-suspension buffer per gram of cells supplemented with 10 μL benzonase. Cells are lysed by sonication at 100 W−10×30 s on+45 s off. The lysate is centrifuged at 4000×g for 1 h at 4° C. to obtain the soluble rBoNT/A in the supernatant.
(18) Bradford Assay to Determine Total Protein Concentration of Prepared Lysates
(19) A sample (50 μL) of either diluted rBoNT/A lysate or BSA standard is added to 1 mL disposable cuvettes. 450 μL of Coomassie Bradford Assay reagent is added to each cuvette and allowed to incubate at room temperature for 10 minutes before reading A.sub.600. The values obtained for the BSA standards are used to determine the amount of protein in the lysate samples.
(20) Semi-Quantitative Western Blot Analysis
(21) A commercial sample of BoNT/A protein purchased from Metabiologics is used to make up SDS-PAGE standards. SDS-PAGE samples of the lysate samples from the expressed cell cultures are then prepared to a known total protein concentration. These samples are loaded onto a polyacrylamide gel and run at 200 V for 50 minutes. Protein bands are electroblotted onto nitrocellulose membrane in methanol free blotting buffer at 0.4 mA for 1 hour. The membranes are blocked for 1 hour with 0.5% BSA in PBS-0.1% Tween 20 and then probed with an antibody to BoNT/A for 1 hour. The blots are further probed with HRP conjugated secondary antibody, developed with SuperSignal DuraWest substrate, and imaged using a Syngene Imaging Instrument.
Example 3—Activation of Botulinum Neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) by Lys-C
(22) Single chain recombinant BoNT/A1 (0.5 mg/mL) dissolved in buffer (50 mM Tris/HCl pH 8.0, 125 mM NaCl) was proteolytically activated by Lys-C (at 1:500 to 1:2500 enzyme:substrate ratio) at 37° C. or 4° C., over a period of 2-20 hr, before the reaction was inhibited with 0.4 μM AEBSF (4-(2-Aminoethyl) benzenesulfonyl fluoride hydrochloride), a specific serine protease inhibitor. This yields the mature di-chain form of BoNT/A1, where the heavy chain is linked to the light chain by a single disulphide bond (data not shown).
(23) The cleavage site was determined to be identical to the endogenous protein by N-terminal sequencing and mass spectrometry, confirming Lys-C to be the activating enzyme of choice (data not shown).
(24) Endoproteinase Lys-C cleavage tests demonstrated that Lys-C cleaved rBoNT/A1 at very low concentrations and remained active over a period of days (data not shown).
Example 4—Purification of Target BoNT/A Protein Free from Activating Protease
(25) Using the BoNT/A primary protein sequence, the properties of BoNT/A and Lys-C were investigated (see Table 2). The predicted properties suggested that both Lys-C and BoNT/A have a similar mean hydropathicity (GRAVY value), but large charge difference at pH 4.5 and 8 (see Table 2).
(26) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Predicted properties of Lys-C and BoNT/A Property (calculated) Lys-C BoNT/A pI 6.70 6.05 % residues charged (DEKR) 13 25 Grand Average of Hydropathicity −0.30 −0.37 (GRAVY)* Charge at pH 8.0 −5 −12 Charge at pH 4.5 +13 +72 (*GRAVY = the mean hydropathicity per residue of a molecule (a positive value indicates a hydrophobic molecule))
(27) Based on this information alone, it was predicted that ion exchange (IEX) chromatography would resolve Lys-C from BoNT/A. Therefore, various chromatographic means of purification, including IEX chromatography, were investigated (see below).
Example 5—Screening of Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography (FPLC) Columns for Separating Lys-C from BoNT/A
(28) FPLC Purification
(29) After BoNT/A1 activation with Lys-C, a number of FPLC columns were tested for polishing and removal of Lys-C: three hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) columns: Phenyl High Performance (PhHP), Phenyl Fast Flow High substitution (PhFF-Hi), and Butyl HP (BuHP) were tested with Tris pH 8; three cation exchange chromatography (CEC) columns: Sulphopropyl High Performance (SPHP), Sulphopropyl Fast Flow (SPFF), and Carboxylmethyl Fast Flow (CMFF) were tested with sodium acetate pH 4.5; and four anion exchange chromatography (AEC) columns: Quaternary amine High Performance (QHP), Quaternary amine Fast Flow (QFF), Diethylaminopropyl (DEAP, “ANX”), and Diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)) were tested with Tris pH 8.
(30) Once a sample was loaded onto a column, the column was washed through with buffer to remove any non-specifically bound molecules before applying a linear elution gradient of increasing or decreasing concentration of salt (HIC and CEC/AEC, respectively).
(31) The reaction conditions and purification runs vary between different column types (see Table 3 below).
(32) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Screening conditions for all columns tested for Lys-C resolution BoNT/A1 Lys-C loaded loaded Column (mg) (μg) Buffer Elution gradient PhHP 1.9 1.5 High-salt, Tris pH 8 1-0M, 15 CV BuHP 1.9 1.5 High-salt, Tris pH 8 1-0M, 15 CV PhFF-Hi 1.5 1.2 High-salt, Tris pH 8 1-0M, 15 CV SPHP 3.4 3.0 Low-salt, NaOAc 0-0.5M, 30 CV pH 4.5 SPFF 3.4 3.0 Low-salt, NaOAc 0-0.5M, 30 CV pH 4.5 CMFF 3.4 3.0 Low-salt, NaOAc 0-0.5M, 30 CV pH 4.5 QHP 2.7 2.0 Low-salt, Tris pH 8 0-0.5M, 30 CV QFF 2.7 2.0 Low-salt, Tris pH 8 0-0.5M, 30 CV ANX 2.7 2.0 Low-salt, Tris pH 8 0-0.5M, 30 CV DEAE 2.7 2.0 Low-salt, Tris pH 8 0-0.5M, 30 CV
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(34) Fractions collected during the elution gradient were analysed with a colorimetric assay to assess Lys-C activity.
(35) Lys-C Activity Colorimetric Assay
(36) This assay involved cleaving a colourless substrate to produce a yellow chromophore that may be detected photometrically by absorption of 405 nm light (A.sub.405). Thus, this assay provided a simple method to determine if Lys-C was present in each fraction.
(37) Each elution fraction was analysed using said colorimetric Lys-C activity assay and the A.sub.405 nm measured.
(38) The amount (measured in terms of A.sub.405) of Lys-C in each of the elution fractions is shown as the bars in
(39) Results By comparing the A.sub.405 and A.sub.280 data (in the graphs of
(40) The different alkyl/aryl groups (Bu and Ph) of the three HIC columns used provide different ligands to which various proteins may interact via the hydrophobic effect. This interaction is further influenced by the density (degree of substitution (Hi/Lo) and bead size (FF/HP)) of these hydrophobic groups. For the CEC columns, the pH of the sample is adjusted to below that of the target protein pI so that it attains an overall net positive charge and is thus able to bind to the column. The different ligands present on each type of column provide different charge densities, and the interaction with different proteins is also influenced by ligand density. These variables similarly apply to the AEC columns where the different chemical groups display different charge densities. In this instance, the pH of the sample is adjusted to above that of the target protein pI so that it attains an overall net negative charge.
(41) The graphical data from
(42) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Summary of qualitative Lys-C/BoNT resolution data Lys-C Chromatography resolution* Hydrophobic PhHP ✓✓✓ interaction.sup.a BuHP ✓✓✓ PhFF-Hi ✓✓ Ion exchange.sup.b Cationic SPHP ✓ SPFF ✓ CMFF ✓ Anionic QHP ✓✓ QFF ✓ ANX ✓ DEAE ✓ *Apparent resolution of Lys-C with respect to rBoNT/A1. ✓✓✓ = Good, ✓✓ = OK, ✓ = Poor .sup.aPhenyl High Performance (PhHP), Phenyl Fast Flow High substitution (PhFF-Hi), Butyl HP (BuHP) .sup.bSulphopropyl High Performance (SPHP), Sulphopropyl Fast Flow (SPFF), Carboxylmethyl Fast Flow (CMFF), Quaternary amine High Performance (QHP), Quaternary amine Fast Flow (QFF), Diethylaminopropyl (DEAP, “ANX”), and Diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)
(43) Percentage Recoveries of Lys-C and Purification after Elution from Each Column Type
(44) The total Lys-C signal in each fraction was normalised to the mean A.sub.405 value from the last 5 fractions of the chromatographic step. From this, the percentage Lys-C present in the protein peak fractions was calculated to indicate the degree of separation of Lys-C from protein based on the elution fractions.
(45) With regard to the target protein, it is assumed that the BoNT/A molecule elutes under the major peak (i.e., 100% recovery); therefore, the degree of purification may be expressed as a percentage of the total protein loaded (Table 5). From this, it appears that CEC is not able to resolve Lys-C from BoNT/A1. The high performance AEC column, QHP, showed some ability to resolve Lys-C from BoNT/A1. However, it was significantly less effective than the two high performance HIC columns. Therefore, the results demonstrate that, comparing like-for-like (i.e. standard performance vs standard performance and high performance vs high performance), the HIC columns showed improved resolution of Lys-C from BonT/A1 than either the CEC or AEC columns.
(46) The two most promising candidates involve HIC-PhHP and BuHP. Interestingly, these columns both use high performance beads.
(47) The major difference between high performance media and others is that the average particle size is smaller (34 μm vs. 90 μm) and more uniform (24-44 μm vs. 44-165 μm). This is consistent with reported improvements in performance with analytical columns that use smaller sized beads (mean sizes between 3-30 μm) (GE Healthcare handbooks 11-0004-21 & 11-0012-69 and data files 18-1172-87 AE & 18-1172-88 AD).
(48) TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Summary of column performance % LysC in protein peak Column fractions (normalised) % Purification PhHP 5 11 BuHP 7 11 PhFF-Hi 43 22 SPHP 85 20 SPFF 82 11 CMFF 81 10 QHP 26 9 QFF 51 6 ANX 70 7 DEAE 74 9
(49) PhHP HIC was chosen as the final polish step to resolve away the Lys-C from BoNT/A (see Example 6 below).
Example 6—Activation and Final Purification of Recombinant Botulinum Neurotoxin Sub-Serotype A1 (rBoNT/A1)
(50) Single chain rBoNT/A1 was purified by fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) using high-performance butyl sepharose hydrophobic interaction chromatography (Butyl HP HIC) for capture followed by an intermediate purification step with high-performance quaternary ammonium sepharose anionic exchange chromatography (Q HP AEC). This molecule was then incubated with 0.4 μg/mL Lys-C at 37° C. for 2 h to yield the active di-chain.
(51) The Lys-C was resolved from the activated rBoNT/A1 using high-performance phenyl sepharose hydrophobic interaction chromatography (PhHP HIC). This involved adjusting the reaction mixture with a high-salt Tris buffer before loading onto the PhHP column, followed by a high-salt wash and subsequent protein elution with a linear gradient to a low-salt Tris buffer. Elution fractions were analysed by denaturing gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE—
Example 7—Activation and Final Purification of Recombinant Endopeptidase-Negative Botulinum Neurotoxin Sub-Serotype A2 (rBoNT/A2(0))
(52) Single chain rBoNT/A2(0) was purified by fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) using high-performance butyl sepharose hydrophobic interaction chromatography (Butyl HP HIC) for capture followed by an intermediate purification step with high-performance quaternary ammonium sepharose anionic exchange chromatography (Q HP AEC). This molecule was then incubated with 4 μg/mL Lys-C at 37° C. for 2 h to yield the active di-chain.
(53) The Lys-C was resolved from the activated rBoNT/A2(0) using high-performance phenyl sepharose hydrophobic interaction chromatography (PhHP HIC). This involved adjusting the reaction mixture with a high-salt Tris buffer before loading onto the Phenyl HP column, followed by a high-salt wash and subsequent protein elution with a linear gradient to a low-salt Tris buffer. Elution fractions were analysed by denaturing gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE) and a colorimetric Lys-C activity assay (
Example 8—Activation and Final Purification of Recombinant Endopeptidase-Negative Botulinum Neurotoxin Sub-Serotype A5 (rBoNT/A5(0))
(54) Single chain rBoNT/A5(0) was purified by fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) using high-performance butyl sepharose hydrophobic interaction chromatography (Butyl HP HIC) for capture followed by an intermediate purification step with high-performance quaternary ammonium sepharose anionic exchange chromatography (Q HP AEC). This molecule was then incubated with 2.5 μg/mL Lys-C at 37° C. for 2 h to yield the active di-chain. The Lys-C was resolved from the activated rBoNT/A5(0) using high-performance phenyl sepharose hydrophobic interaction chromatography (Phenyl HP HIC). This involved adjusting the reaction mixture with a high-salt Tris buffer before loading onto the Phenyl HP column, followed by a high-salt wash and subsequent protein elution with a linear gradient to a low-salt Tris buffer. Elution fractions were analysed by denaturing gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE) and a colorimetric Lys-C activity assay (
Example 9—Activation and Final Purification of Recombinant Endopeptidase-Negative Botulinum Neurotoxin Sub-Serotype A6 (rBoNT/A6(0))
(55) Single chain rBoNT/A6(0) was purified first by sodium sulphate precipitation and resolubilisation into sodium acetate before capture with fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) using high-performance sulphopropyl sepharose cationic exchange chromatography (SP HP CEC) followed by buffer exchange into Tris buffer at pH 8. This molecule was then incubated with 0.3 μg/mL Lys-C at 37° C. for 2 h to yield the active di-chain. The Lys-C was resolved from the activated rBoNT/A6(0) using high-performance phenyl sepharose hydrophobic interaction chromatography (Phenyl HP HIC). This involved adjusting the reaction mixture with a high-salt Tris buffer before loading onto the Phenyl HP column, followed by a high-salt wash and subsequent protein elution with a linear gradient to a low-salt Tris buffer. Elution fractions were analysed by denaturing gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE) and a colorimetric Lys-C activity assay (
Example 10—Formulation Comprising Active Di-Chain BoNT/A Substantially Free from Lys-C
(56) The following six liquid compositions comprising active di-chain BoNT/A are prepared (Table 6).
(57) TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Exemplary BoNT/A formulations 1 2 3 4 5 6 Polysorbate 80 0.10 mg/mL 0.10 mg/mL 0.10 mg/mL 0.10 mg/mL — — Poloxamer — — — — 0.04 mg/mL 0.04 mg/mL Sucrose 4.0 mg/mL — 4.0 mg/mL — 4.0 mg/mL — Mannitol — 4.0 mg/mL — 4.0 mg/mL — 4.0 mg/mL Sodium Chloride 8.76 mg/mL 8.76 mg/mL 8.76 mg/mL 8.76 mg/mL 8.76 mg/mL 8.76 mg/mL pH 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 Buffer L-Histidine/ L-Histidine/ Di sodium phosphate/ Di sodium phosphate/ L-Histidine/ L-Histidine/ Hydrochloric acid Hydrochloric acid Citric acid anhydrous Citric acid anhydrous Hydrochloric acid Hydrochloric acid Di-Chain BoNT/A 20 ng/mL 20 ng/mL 20 ng/mL 20 ng/mL 20 ng/mL 20 ng/mL MilliQ water q.s. to 1 mL q.s. to 1 mL q.s. to 1 mL q.s. to 1 mL q.s. to 1 mL q.s. to 1 mL
(58) All six compositions are stored at 25° C. for 12 weeks. The stability of the di-chain BoNT/A protease function is assessed during that period using a cell-free endopeptidase assay.
(59) TABLE-US-00007 SEQ ID NO: 1 Met Pro Phe Val Asn Lys Gln Phe Asn Tyr Lys Asp Pro Val Asn Gly 1 5 10 15 Val Asp Ile Ala Tyr Ile Lys Ile Pro Asn Ala Gly Gln Met Gln Pro 20 25 30 Val Lys Ala Phe Lys Ile His Asn Lys Ile Trp Val Ile Pro Glu Arg 35 40 45 Asp Thr Phe Thr Asn Pro Glu Glu Gly Asp Leu Asn Pro Pro Pro Glu 50 55 60 Ala Lys Gln Val Pro Val Ser Tyr Tyr Asp Ser Thr Tyr Leu Ser Thr 65 70 75 80 Asp Asn Glu Lys Asp Asn Tyr Leu Lys Gly Val Thr Lys Leu Phe Glu 85 90 95 Arg Ile Tyr Ser Thr Asp Leu Gly Arg Met Leu Leu Thr Ser Ile Val 100 105 110 Arg Gly Ile Pro Phe Trp Gly Gly Ser Thr Ile Asp Thr Glu Leu Lys 115 120 125 Val Ile Asp Thr Asn Cys Ile Asn Val Ile Gln Pro Asp Gly Ser Tyr 130 135 140 Arg Ser Glu Glu Leu Asn Leu Val Ile Ile Gly Pro Ser Ala Asp Ile 145 150 155 160 Ile Gln Phe Glu Cys Lys Ser Phe Gly His Glu Val Leu Asn Leu Thr 165 170 175 Arg Asn Gly Tyr Gly Ser Thr Gln Tyr Ile Arg Phe Ser Pro Asp Phe 180 185 190 Thr Phe Gly Phe Glu Glu Ser Leu Glu Val Asp Thr Asn Pro Leu Leu 195 200 205 Gly Ala Gly Lys Phe Ala Thr Asp Pro Ala Val Thr Leu Ala His Glu 210 215 220 Leu Ile His Ala Gly His Arg Leu Tyr Gly Ile Ala Ile Asn Pro Asn 225 230 235 240 Arg Val Phe Lys Val Asn Thr Asn Ala Tyr Tyr Glu Met Ser Gly Leu 245 250 255 Glu Val Ser Phe Glu Glu Leu Arg Thr Phe Gly Gly His Asp Ala Lys 260 265 270 Phe Ile Asp Ser Leu Gln Glu Asn Glu Phe Arg Leu Tyr Tyr Tyr Asn 275 280 285 Lys Phe Lys Asp Ile Ala Ser Thr Leu Asn Lys Ala Lys Ser Ile Val 290 295 300 Gly Thr Thr Ala Ser Leu Gln Tyr Met Lys Asn Val Phe Lys Glu Lys 305 310 315 320 Tyr Leu Leu Ser Glu Asp Thr Ser Gly Lys Phe Ser Val Asp Lys Leu 325 330 335 Lys Phe Asp Lys Leu Tyr Lys Met Leu Thr Glu Ile Tyr Thr Glu Asp 340 345 350 Asn Phe Val Lys Phe Phe Lys Val Leu Asn Arg Lys Thr Tyr Leu Asn 355 360 365 Phe Asp Lys Ala Val Phe Lys Ile Asn Ile Val Pro Lys Val Asn Tyr 370 375 380 Thr Ile Tyr Asp Gly Phe Asn Leu Arg Asn Thr Asn Leu Ala Ala Asn 385 390 395 400 Phe Asn Gly Gln Asn Thr Glu Ile Asn Asn Met Asn Phe Thr Lys Leu 405 410 415 Lys Asn Phe Thr Gly Leu Phe Glu Phe Tyr Lys Leu Leu Cys Val Arg 420 425 430 Gly Ile Ile Thr Ser Lys Thr Lys Ser Leu Asp Lys Gly Tyr Asn Lys 435 440 445 Ala Leu Asn Asp Leu Cys Ile Lys Val Asn Asn Trp Asp Leu Phe Phe 450 455 460 Ser Pro Ser Glu Asp Asn Phe Thr Asn Asp Leu Asn Lys Gly Glu Glu 465 470 475 480 Ile Thr Ser Asp Thr Asn Ile Glu Ala Ala Glu Glu Asn Ile Ser Leu 485 490 495 Asp Leu Ile Gln Gln Tyr Tyr Leu Thr Phe Asn Phe Asp Asn Glu Pro 500 505 510 Glu Asn Ile Ser Ile Glu Asn Leu Ser Ser Asp Ile Ile Gly Gln Leu 515 520 525 Glu Leu Met Pro Asn Ile Glu Arg Phe Pro Asn Gly Lys Lys Tyr Glu 530 535 540 Leu Asp Lys Tyr Thr Met Phe His Tyr Leu Arg Ala Gln Glu Phe Glu 545 550 555 560 His Gly Lys Ser Arg Ile Ala Leu Thr Asn Ser Val Asn Glu Ala Leu 565 570 575 Leu Asn Pro Ser Arg Val Tyr Thr Phe Phe Ser Ser Asp Tyr Val Lys 580 585 590 Lys Val Asn Lys Ala Thr Glu Ala Ala Met Phe Leu Gly Trp Val Glu 595 600 605 Gln Leu Val Tyr Asp Phe Thr Asp Glu Thr Ser Glu Val Ser Thr Thr 610 615 620 Asp Lys Ile Ala Asp Ile Thr Ile Ile Ile Pro Tyr Ile Gly Pro Ala 625 630 635 640 Leu Asn Ile Gly Asn Met Leu Tyr Lys Asp Asp Phe Val Gly Ala Leu 645 650 655 Ile Phe Ser Gly Ala Val Ile Leu Leu Glu Phe Ile Pro Glu Ile Ala 660 665 670 Ile Pro Val Leu Gly Thr Phe Ala Leu Val Ser Tyr Ile Ala Asn Lys 675 680 685 Val Leu Thr Val Gln Thr Ile Asp Asn Ala Leu Ser Lys Arg Asn Glu 690 695 700 Lys Trp Asp Glu Val Tyr Lys Tyr Ile Val Thr Asn Trp Leu Ala Lys 705 710 715 720 Val Asn Thr Gln Ile Asp Leu Ile Arg Lys Lys Met Lys Glu Ala Leu 725 730 735 Glu Asn Gln Ala Glu Ala Thr Lys Ala Ile Ile Asn Tyr Gln Tyr Asn 740 745 750 Gln Tyr Thr Glu Glu Glu Lys Asn Asn Ile Asn Phe Asn Ile Asp Asp 755 760 765 Leu Ser Ser Lys Leu Asn Glu Ser Ile Asn Lys Ala Met Ile Asn Ile 770 775 780 Asn Lys Phe Leu Asn Gln Cys Ser Val Ser Tyr Leu Met Asn Ser Met 785 790 795 800 Ile Pro Tyr Gly Val Lys Arg Leu Glu Asp Phe Asp Ala Ser Leu Lys 805 810 815 Asp Ala Leu Leu Lys Tyr Ile Tyr Asp Asn Arg Gly Thr Leu Ile Gly 820 825 830 Gln Val Asp Arg Leu Lys Asp Lys Val Asn Asn Thr Leu Ser Thr Asp 835 840 845 Ile Pro Phe Gln Leu Ser Lys Tyr Val Asp Asn Gln Arg Leu Leu Ser 850 855 860 Thr Phe Thr Glu Tyr Ile Lys Asn Ile Ile Asn Thr Ser Ile Leu Asn 865 870 875 880 Leu Arg Tyr Glu Ser Asn His Leu Ile Asp Leu Ser Arg Tyr Ala Ser 885 890 895 Lys Ile Asn Ile Gly Ser Lys Val Asn Phe Asp Pro Ile Asp Lys Asn 900 905 910 Gln Ile Gln Leu Phe Asn Leu Glu Ser Ser Lys Ile Glu Val Ile Leu 915 920 925 Lys Asn Ala Ile Val Tyr Asn Ser Met Tyr Glu Asn Phe Ser Thr Ser 930 935 940 Phe Trp Ile Arg Ile Pro Lys Tyr Phe Asn Ser Ile Ser Leu Asn Asn 945 950 955 960 Glu Tyr Thr Ile Ile Asn Cys Met Glu Asn Asn Ser Gly Trp Lys Val 965 970 975 Ser Leu Asn Tyr Gly Glu Ile Ile Trp Thr Leu Gln Asp Thr Gln Glu 980 985 990 Ile Lys Gln Arg Val Val Phe Lys Tyr Ser Gln Met Ile Asn Ile Ser 995 1000 1005 Asp Tyr Ile Asn Arg Trp Ile Phe Val Thr Ile Thr Asn Asn Arg 1010 1015 1020 Leu Asn Asn Ser Lys Ile Tyr Ile Asn Gly Arg Leu Ile Asp Gln 1025 1030 1035 Lys Pro Ile Ser Asn Leu Gly Asn Ile His Ala Ser Asn Asn Ile 1040 1045 1050 Met Phe Lys Leu Asp Gly Cys Arg Asp Thr His Arg Tyr Ile Trp 1055 1060 1065 Ile Lys Tyr Phe Asn Leu Phe Asp Lys Glu Leu Asn Glu Lys Glu 1070 1075 1080 Ile Lys Asp Leu Tyr Asp Asn Gln Ser Asn Ser Gly Ile Leu Lys 1085 1090 1095 Asp Phe Trp Gly Asp Tyr Leu Gln Tyr Asp Lys Pro Tyr Tyr Met 1100 1105 1110 Leu Asn Leu Tyr Asp Pro Asn Lys Tyr Val Asp Val Asn Asn Val 1115 1120 1125 Gly Ile Arg Gly Tyr Met Tyr Leu Lys Gly Pro Arg Gly Ser Val 1130 1135 1140 Met Thr Thr Asn Ile Tyr Leu Asn Ser Ser Leu Tyr Arg Gly Thr 1145 1150 1155 Lys Phe Ile Ile Lys Lys Tyr Ala Ser Gly Asn Lys Asp Asn Ile 1160 1165 1170 Val Arg Asn Asn Asp Arg Val Tyr Ile Asn Val Val Val Lys Asn 1175 1180 1185 Lys Glu Tyr Arg Leu Ala Thr Asn Ala Ser Gln Ala Gly Val Glu 1190 1195 1200 Lys Ile Leu Ser Ala Leu Glu Ile Pro Asp Val Gly Asn Leu Ser 1205 1210 1215 Gln Val Val Val Met Lys Ser Lys Asn Asp Gln Gly Ile Thr Asn 1220 1225 1230 Lys Cys Lys Met Asn Leu Gln Asp Asn Asn Gly Asn Asp Ile Gly 1235 1240 1245 Phe Ile Gly Phe His Gln Phe Asn Asn Ile Ala Lys Leu Val Ala 1250 1255 1260 Ser Asn Trp Tyr Asn Arg Gln Ile Glu Arg Ser Ser Arg Thr Leu 1265 1270 1275 Gly Cys Ser Trp Glu Phe Ile Pro Val Asp Asp Gly Trp Gly Glu 1280 1285 1290 Arg Pro Leu 1295 SEQ ID NO: 2 Cys Val Arg Gly Ile Ile Thr Ser Lys Thr Lys Ser Leu Asp Lys Gly 1 5 10 15 Tyr Asn Lys Ala Leu Asn Asp Leu Cys 20 25 SEQ ID NO: 3 Cys Val Arg Gly Ile Ile Pro Phe Lys Thr Lys Ser Leu Asp Glu Gly 1 5 10 15 Tyr Asn Lys Ala Leu Asn Asp Leu Cys 20 25 SEQ ID NO: 4 Cys Val Arg Gly Ile Ile Pro Phe Lys Thr Lys Ser Leu Asp Glu Gly 1 5 10 15 Tyr Asn Lys Ala Leu Asn Asp Leu Cys 20 25 SEQ ID NO: 5 Cys Val Arg Gly Ile Ile Pro Phe Lys Thr Lys Ser Leu Asp Glu Gly 1 5 10 15 Tyr Asn Lys Ala Leu Asn Tyr Leu Cys 20 25 SEQ ID NO: 6 Cys Val Arg Gly Ile Ile Thr Ser Lys Thr Lys Ser Leu Asp Glu Gly 1 5 10 15 Tyr Asn Lys Ala Leu Asn Glu Leu Cys 20 25 SEQ ID NO: 7 Cys Val Arg Gly Ile Ile Thr Ser Lys Thr Lys Ser Leu Asp Glu Gly 1 5 10 15 Tyr Asn Lys Ala Leu Asn Asp Leu Cys 20 25 SEQ ID NO: 8 Val Gln Gly Gln Ser Val Lys Gly Val Gly Lys Thr Ser Leu Asp Gly 1 5 10 15 Leu Val Asn Ile Asp Val Thr Tyr Gly Asn Gly Lys Tyr Tyr Leu Lys 20 25 30 Asp Ser Asn Lys Asn Ile Tyr Leu Tyr Asp Leu Lys Asn Gln Val Asp 35 40 45 Glu Tyr Asp Leu Tyr Asn Tyr Leu Ser Arg Pro Asn Tyr Lys Gln Ile 50 55 60 Leu Met Ser Lys Ser Glu Leu Ile Ser Asn Tyr Asn Asn Asn Phe Ile 65 70 75 80 Ala Asn Asn Gln Val Asn Ser Val Asp Ala Tyr Val Asn Thr Asn Lys 85 90 95 Thr Tyr Asp Tyr Tyr Lys Asn Lys Leu Asn Arg Asn Ser Ile Asp Asn 100 105 110 Lys Gly Met Asn Ile Asn Gly Phe Val His Val Gly Arg Asn Tyr Gly 115 120 125 Asn Ala Phe Trp Tyr Gly Pro Tyr Asp Gly Met Phe Phe Gly Asp Gly 130 135 140 Asp Gly Ile Tyr Phe Ser Ser Leu Ala Lys Ser Leu Asp Val Val Gly 145 150 155 160 His Glu Leu Ser His Gly Val Thr Asn Lys Glu Ser Asn Leu Lys Tyr 165 170 175 Glu Asn Glu Ser Gly Ala Leu Asn Glu Ser Phe Ser Asp Ile Met Gly 180 185 190 Val Ala Val Glu Gly Lys Asn Phe Val Leu Gly Glu Asp Cys Trp Val 195 200 205 Ala Gly Gly Val Met Arg Asp Met Glu Asn Pro Ser Arg Gly Gly Gln 210 215 220 Pro Ala His Met Lys Asp Tyr Lys Tyr Lys Thr Met Asn Asp Asp Asn 225 230 235 240 Gly Gly Val His Thr Asn Ser Gly Ile Ile Asn His Ala Ala Tyr Leu 245 250 255 Val Ala Asp Gly Ile Glu Lys Thr Gly Ala Lys Asn Ser Lys Asp Ile 260 265 270 Met Gly Lys Ile Phe Tyr Thr Ala Asn Cys Tyr Lys Trp Asp Glu Thr 275 280 285 Thr Asn Phe Ala Lys Cys Arg Asn Asp Val Val Gln Val Thr Lys Glu 290 295 300 Leu Tyr Gly Glu Asn Ser Asn Tyr Val Lys Ile Val Glu Lys Ala Phe 305 310 315 320 Asp Gln Val Gly Ile Thr Ala Thr Pro Gln Leu Pro Leu 325 330 SEQ ID NO: 9 Met Lys Ser Lys Lys Leu Leu Ala Thr Val Leu Ser Ala Val Ile Thr 1 5 10 15 Phe Ser Thr Val Ser Ala Val Tyr Ala Ala Pro Val Gly Lys Glu Ser 20 25 30 Lys Val Glu Pro Lys Thr Thr Thr Ile Thr Trp Glu Lys Asn Glu Gln 35 40 45 Asn Thr Lys Lys Ala Ala Thr Asp Ile Thr Glu Lys Lys Phe Asn Asn 50 55 60 Ser Glu Glu Ile Thr Lys Phe Phe Glu Lys Asn Ile Ser Lys Phe Gly 65 70 75 80 Val Gln Lys Gly Ser Leu Lys Asn Thr Lys Thr Val Lys Asp Glu Lys 85 90 95 Gly Lys Thr Asn Tyr His Met Ile Tyr Glu Val Glu Gly Ile Pro Val 100 105 110 Tyr Tyr Gly Arg Ile Val Phe Thr Thr Glu Lys Asp Ser Ser Met Asp 115 120 125 Ser Ile Asn Gly Arg Ile Asp Thr Val Phe Glu Asn Gly Asn Trp Lys 130 135 140 Asn Lys Ile Lys Leu Ser Lys Glu Asp Ala Ile Ala Lys Ala Lys Asn 145 150 155 160 Asp Ile Lys Asp Glu Lys Ala Thr Ser Lys Lys Thr Asp Leu Tyr Leu 165 170 175 Tyr Asn Phe Glu Gly Lys Pro Tyr Val Val Tyr Leu Val Asp Leu Ile 180 185 190 Thr Asp Asn Gly Ser Trp Thr Val Phe Val Asn Ala Glu Asp Gly Ser 195 200 205 Ile Val Asn Lys Phe Asn Asn Thr Pro Thr Leu Ile Asp Thr Lys Asp 210 215 220 Gln Lys Leu Pro Asn Ala Lys Lys Ile Lys Asp Glu Ala Lys Lys Ala 225 230 235 240 Ser Asn Ala Asn Asn Val Ile Asp Val Gln Gly Gln Ser Val Lys Gly 245 250 255 Val Gly Lys Thr Ser Leu Asp Gly Leu Val Asn Ile Asp Val Thr Tyr 260 265 270 Gly Asn Gly Lys Tyr Tyr Leu Lys Asp Ser Asn Lys Asn Ile Tyr Leu 275 280 285 Tyr Asp Leu Lys Asn Gln Val Asp Glu Tyr Asp Leu Tyr Asn Tyr Leu 290 295 300 Ser Arg Pro Asn Tyr Lys Gln Ile Leu Met Ser Lys Ser Glu Leu Ile 305 310 315 320 Ser Asn Tyr Asn Asn Asn Phe Ile Ala Asn Asn Gln Val Asn Ser Val 325 330 335 Asp Ala Tyr Val Asn Thr Asn Lys Thr Tyr Asp Tyr Tyr Lys Asn Lys 340 345 350 Leu Asn Arg Asn Ser Ile Asp Asn Lys Gly Met Asn Ile Asn Gly Phe 355 360 365 Val His Val Gly Arg Asn Tyr Gly Asn Ala Phe Trp Tyr Gly Pro Tyr 370 375 380 Asp Gly Met Phe Phe Gly Asp Gly Asp Gly Ile Tyr Phe Ser Ser Leu 385 390 395 400 Ala Lys Ser Leu Asp Val Val Gly His Glu Leu Ser His Gly Val Thr 405 410 415 Asn Lys Glu Ser Asn Leu Lys Tyr Glu Asn Glu Ser Gly Ala Leu Asn 420 425 430 Glu Ser Phe Ser Asp Ile Met Gly Val Ala Val Glu Gly Lys Asn Phe 435 440 445 Val Leu Gly Glu Asp Cys Trp Val Ala Gly Gly Val Met Arg Asp Met 450 455 460 Glu Asn Pro Ser Arg Gly Gly Gln Pro Ala His Met Lys Asp Tyr Lys 465 470 475 480 Tyr Lys Thr Met Asn Asp Asp Asn Gly Gly Val His Thr Asn Ser Gly 485 490 495 Ile Ile Asn His Ala Ala Tyr Leu Val Ala Asp Gly Ile Glu Lys Thr 500 505 510 Gly Ala Lys Asn Ser Lys Asp Ile Met Gly Lys Ile Phe Tyr Thr Ala 515 520 525 Asn Cys Tyr Lys Trp Asp Glu Thr Thr Asn Phe Ala Lys Cys Arg Asn 530 535 540 Asp Val Val Gln Val Thr Lys Glu Leu Tyr Gly Glu Asn Ser Asn Tyr 545 550 555 560 Val Lys Ile Val Glu Lys Ala Phe Asp Gln Val Gly Ile Thr Ala Thr 565 570 575 Pro Gln Leu Pro Leu 580 SEQ ID NO: 10 atggttcaag gtcaaagcgt taaaggagta ggaaaaacta gcttggatgg actagtaaat 60 attgatgtaa cttatggaaa tggaaaatac tatttaaaag atagcaacaa aaatatttat 120 ctatatgact taaaaaatca agttgatgaa tatgatctat acaattatct tagtagacct 180 aactataaac aaatattaat gagcaaatct gaattaatat ctaattacaa taataatttt 240 atagccaaca atcaggttaa ttctgtagat gcttatgtaa acacaaataa aacctatgat 300 tattataaaa acaaattaaa tagaaacagt attgataata agggtatgaa tattaatggg 360 tttgttcatg taggtagaaa ttatggtaat gctttttggt acggtccata tgatgggatg 420 ttctttggcg atggcgacgg aatatacttc tcttcccttg caaaatcttt agatgttgta 480 ggccacgaat taagtcatgg tgtaacaaat aaagagtcta atcttaaata tgaaaatgaa 540 tctggtgccc taaatgaatc tttctcagat attatgggag tagctgttga gggtaaaaac 600 tttgtactag gtgaagattg ctgggttgct ggaggagtaa tgagagatat ggaaaatcca 660 tccagaggag gccaaccagc tcatatgaaa gattataaat acaaaactat gaatgacgat 720 aacggtggtg ttcatacaaa ttcaggtata ataaaccatg ctgcttattt agttgcagat 780 ggaatagaaa aaactggtgc aaaaaatagt aaagatatta tgggaaaaat attctataca 840 gctaattgct ataaatggga tgaaacaaca aattttgcta agtgcagaaa tgatgtagtc 900 caagttacta aagaacttta tggcgaaaat agcaactatg taaaaattgt tgaaaaagct 960 tttgaccaag ttggaataac tgctacacct caattaccat tataa 1005 SEQ ID NO: 11 atgaaaagta aaaaattatt agctacagtg ctaagtgccg tgatcacttt ttctactgtt 60 tctgcagttt atgctgcgcc tgtaggaaaa gaaagtaaag ttgaaccaaa aactacaaca 120 ataacttggg aaaaaaatga acaaaatact aaaaaagctg ctactgatat aactgaaaag 180 aaatttaaca attctgagga gataactaaa ttctttgaaa aaaatatatc taaatttggt 240 gtacaaaaag gttctcttaa aaacaccaag actgtaaaag acgaaaaagg taaaactaac 300 tatcatatga tttatgaagt agaaggtata cctgtatact atggaagaat tgtttttaca 360 actgaaaaag actcctccat ggattctata aacggtagaa ttgatactgt ttttgaaaat 420 gggaattgga aaaacaaaat caaactatca aaagaagatg ctatagcaaa agctaaaaat 480 gatattaaag atgaaaaagc aactagtaaa aagaccgatt tatatctgta taattttgag 540 ggcaaacctt atgtagttta tttagtagat ctaattacag acaacgggag ttggacggtt 600 ttcgttaatg ctgaggatgg ttctatagta aataaattta ataatactcc tactttaatt 660 gatactaaag atcaaaaatt acccaatgct aaaaaaatta aagatgaagc taaaaaagct 720 agtaatgcaa ataatgtaat tgatgttcaa ggtcaaagcg ttaaaggagt aggaaaaact 780 agcttggatg gactagtaaa tattgatgta acttatggaa atggaaaata ctatttaaaa 840 gatagcaaca aaaatattta tctatatgac ttaaaaaatc aagttgatga atatgatcta 900 tacaattatc ttagtagacc taactataaa caaatattaa tgagcaaatc tgaattaata 960 tctaattaca ataataattt tatagccaac aatcaggtta attctgtaga tgcttatgta 1020 aacacaaata aaacctatga ttattataaa aacaaattaa atagaaacag tattgataat 1080 aagggtatga atattaatgg gtttgttcat gtaggtagaa attatggtaa tgctttttgg 1140 tacggtccat atgatgggat gttctttggc gatggcgacg gaatatactt ctcttccctt 1200 gcaaaatctt tagatgttgt aggccacgaa ttaagtcatg gtgtaacaaa taaagagtct 1260 aatcttaaat atgaaaatga atctggtgcc ctaaatgaat ctttctcaga tattatggga 1320 gtagctgttg agggtaaaaa ctttgtacta ggtgaagatt gctgggttgc tggaggagta 1380 atgagagata tggaaaatcc atccagagga ggccaaccag ctcatatgaa agattataaa 1440 tacaaaacta tgaatgacga taacggtggt gttcatacaa attcaggtat aataaaccat 1500 gctgcttatt tagttgcaga tggaatagaa aaaactggtg caaaaaatag taaagatatt 1560 atgggaaaaa tattctatac agctaattgc tataaatggg atgaaacaac aaattttgct 1620 aagtgcagaa atgatgtagt ccaagttact aaagaacttt atggcgaaaa tagcaactat 1680 gtaaaaattg ttgaaaaagc ttttgaccaa gttggaataa ctgctacacc tcaattacca 1740 ttataa 1746 SEQ ID NO: 12 Val Pro Pro Thr Pro Gly Ser Ala Trp Ser His Pro Gln Phe Glu Lys 1 5 10 15