Apparatus and method for the one-piece production of a room module having three side elements and a floor element and/or a ceiling element, and room module of this type

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus for the one-piece production of a room module (8) having three side elements (24) and a floor element (25) and/or a ceiling element (26), wherein the apparatus takes the form of a parallelepipedal and hollow core formwork (10) around which an outer formwork (9) for the room module (8) to be produced can be arranged. The following are provided here: a) a rectangular head element (11) which consists of first planar elements (1) and second planar elements (2), b) side elements (12, 13, 14, 15) which consist of a third planar elements (3) and fourth planar elements (4) and are arranged perpendicular to the head element (11) in the edge regions thereof, wherein at least the third planar elements (3) or the fourth planar elements (4) have corner regions (17) of the side elements (12, 13, 14, 15), c) the first planar elements (1) can be lowered under the second planar elements (2) of the head element (11) and can be displaced with respect to one another and, subsequently, the second planar elements (2) can be pushed together with a reduction of the rectangular area of the head element (11), and d) the third planar elements (3) and fourth planar elements (4), which are arranged perpendicular to the head element (11), of the side elements (12, 13, 14, 15) can then be moved in succession in the direction of a centre longitudinal axis (16) of the head element (11) or the core formwork (10).

Claims

1. An apparatus for the one-piece production of a room module (8) having three side elements (24) as well as a base element (25) and/or a ceiling element (26), wherein the apparatus is designed as a cuboid, hollow core formwork (10) around which an outer formwork (9) for the room module (8) to be produced can be arranged, which has the following features: a) a rectangular head element (11) consisting of first surface elements (1) and second surface elements (2); b) side elements (12, 13, 14, 15) which are arranged perpendicularly to the rectangular head element (11) in the edge regions thereof and consist of third surface elements (3) and fourth surface elements (4), wherein at least the third surface elements (3) or the fourth surface elements (4) have corner regions (17) of the side elements (12, 13, 14, 15); c) the first surface elements (1) can be lowered below the second surface elements (2) of the head element (11) and be displaced relative to one another, and subsequently the second surface elements (2) can be pushed together so as to reduce the rectangular area of the rectangular head element (11), and d) the third surface elements (3) and fourth surface elements (4), arranged perpendicular to the rectangular head element (11), of the side elements (12, 13, 14, 15) can be moved successively in the direction of a central longitudinal axis (16) of the rectangular head element (11) or of the hollow core formwork (10).

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein within the hollow core formwork (10) a displacement device is provided, by means of which the first surface elements (1), second surface elements (2), third surface elements (3), and fourth surface elements (4) are movable.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the displacement device is formed for mechanical, electrical, pneumatic and/or hydraulic displacement of the first surface elements (1), second surface elements (2), third surface elements (3), and fourth surface elements (4).

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first surface elements (1) of the rectangular head element (10) are formed as diagonal struts (6) extending from a center (18) of said rectangular head element to corners (19).

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein for lowering the first surface elements (1) below the second surface elements (2) of the rectangular head element (11) a rotary element (6) in form of a head plate (5) is provided, and a guide system (23) is provided for a displacement relative to one another.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second surface elements (2) are formed substantially as triangular elements (7) and can be pushed together so as to reduce the rectangular area of the rectangular head element (11).

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a tilting device is provided, by means of which the hollow core formwork (10) can be tilted from a vertical position to a horizontal position and vice versa.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a displacement device is provided, by means of which the room module (8) can be moved away from the hollow core formwork (10) or by means of which the hollow core formwork (10) can be pulled or moved out of the room module.

9. A method for the one-piece production of a room module (8) having three side elements and a base element and/or a ceiling element, comprising the following method steps: a) providing a cuboid and hollow core formwork (10) in a vertical position, in which a rectangular head element (11) forms an upper boundary of the core formwork (10), on edge regions of which side elements (12, 13, 14, 15) are arranged, b) arranging an outer formwork (9) around the cuboid and hollow core formwork (10) to form an intermediate space (22) between the outer formwork (9) and the hollow core formwork (10), c) filling the intermediate space (22) with a curable compound, d) curing the curable compound, e) removing of the outer formwork (9), f) lowering first surface elements (1) below second surface elements (2) of the rectangular head element (11) and displacing the first surface elements (1) relative to one another in direction of the center (18) of the rectangular head element (11) and pushing the second surface elements (2) together so as to reduce the rectangular area of the rectangular head element (11), g) displacing third surface elements (3) and fourth surface elements (4) arranged perpendicular to the rectangular head element (11) in direction of a central longitudinal axis (16) of the rectangular head element (11) or of the hollow core formwork (10), and h) removing the hollow core formwork from a finished room module (8) by means of a displacement device.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein, prior to arranging an outer formwork (9), installation elements, such as electrical lines, freshwater and sewage lines, open spaces for windows and doors, conduits and the like are arranged on the hollow core formwork.

11. The method according to claim 9, wherein, prior to arranging an outer formwork (9), a reinforcement (21) is mounted on the hollow core formwork.

12. A room module (8) produced by a method according to claim 9 and/or an apparatus according to claim 1.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a possible embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention for the one-piece production of a room module in a first position.

(2) FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the apparatus according to FIG. 1 in a second position.

(3) FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the apparatus of FIG. 1 in a third position.

(4) FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the apparatus of FIG. 1 in a fourth position.

(5) FIG. 5 shows a partial sectional view of an apparatus according to the invention which is in a first position according to FIG. 1.

(6) FIG. 6 shows the apparatus according to FIG. 5, which is in a second position according to FIG. 2.

(7) FIGS. 7 to 14 show a schematic representation of the production of a room module using an apparatus according to the invention and a method according to the invention in different sub-steps.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(8) FIGS. 1 to 4 show an exemplary embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention for the one-piece production of a room module 8 comprising three side elements 24, a base element 25 and a ceiling element 26. The representation of the room module 8 was omitted in order to better illustrate the mode of operation of the apparatus according to the invention.

(9) An exemplary embodiment of a production method of a room module according to the invention with an apparatus according to the invention, for example the apparatus of FIGS. 1 to 4, and a method according to the invention is shown schematically in FIGS. 7 to 13.

(10) From FIG. 1 it can be seen that the apparatus according to the invention is formed as a cuboid and hollow core formwork 10, around which an outer formwork (not shown here), which is provided in FIG. 9 with the reference sign 9, can be arranged for the room module 8 to be produced. The core formwork 10 has a rectangular head element 11 consisting of first surface elements 1 and second surface elements 2. In the present exemplary embodiment, two first surface elements 1 are provided, which are formed as diagonal struts 27, extending from the centre 18 of the head element 11 to two corners 19 of the head element 11 and are angled substantially at right angles in the region of the corners 19. In this exemplary embodiment, the corresponding second surface elements 2 are formed as a triangular elements 7 so that the second surface elements 2, designed as triangular elements 7, together with the first surface elements 1, designed as diagonal struts 27, form the rectangular head element 11 according to FIG. 1.

(11) Side elements 12, 13, 14 and 15 consisting of third surface elements 3 and fourth surface elements 4 are arranged perpendicular to the head element 11 in its edge regions, wherein in the present exemplary embodiment the third surface elements 3 have corner regions 17 of the side elements 12, 13, 14 and 15 and in the region of the corners 19 of the first surface elements 1, designed as diagonal struts 27, fit substantially flush with their right-angled regions

(12) According to the invention, the first surface elements 1 of the head element 11, which are designed as diagonal struts 27, can be lowered below the second surface elements 2 of the head element 11, which are designed as triangular elements 7, as indicated in FIG. 2 by the hatching of the first surface elements 1, designed as diagonal struts 27. During or after the lowering of the first surface elements 1, designed as diagonal struts 27, they are displaced relative to one another so that the corners 19 of the head element 11 are displaced inwardly in the direction of the centre 18 of the head element 11, as indicated in FIG. 2 by the arrows within the first surface elements 1. The first surface elements 1, designed as diagonal struts 27, can be moved in the direction of a head plate 5, designed as a turning device 6, in the centre 18 of the head element 11 via a hydraulic displacement device and a lever mechanism coupled therewith.

(13) They have bolts 28 for lowering the diagonal struts 27, which are guided in corresponding guide rails 29 of a guide system 23, as shown by way of example in FIGS. 5 and 6.

(14) After the diagonal struts 27 and thus the first surface elements 1 of the head element 11 have been lowered, the second surface elements 2 of the head element 11, which are designed as triangular elements 7, can likewise be moved in the direction of a central longitudinal axis 16 of the core formwork 10, as indicated by the arrows on the triangular elements 7 in FIG. 2.

(15) FIG. 3 shows a third position of the core formwork 10 according to the invention, in which the second surface elements 2, designed as triangular elements 7, are moved in the direction of the central longitudinal axis 16 of the core formwork 10. This ensures that the rectangular area of the head element 11 has been reduced and a gap 20 is formed between the edge regions of the head element 11 and the side surfaces 12, 13, 14 and 15 of the core formwork 10.

(16) Owing to this gap 20, it is possible to move the third surface regions 3 of the core formwork, which are designed as corner regions 17, over their entire longitudinal extension, which also extends over the longitudinal extension of the core formwork 10, likewise in the direction of the central longitudinal axis 16 of the core formwork 10. This displacement of the third surface elements 3, designed as corner regions 17, is shown in FIG. 4, wherein this displacement is indicated by the arrows shown at the corner regions 17.

(17) Finally, the fourth surface elements 4 can be moved in the direction of the central longitudinal axis 16 of the core formwork 10, so that the third and fourth surface elements 3 and 4 also adapt to the reduced rectangular area of the head element 11 of the core formwork 10.

(18) As indicated above, FIGS. 5 and 6 show the inner workings of the core formwork 10 in a partially sectional view. Here, a lever mechanism (not shown in more detail) can be seen, which is designed to move the individual surface elements 1, 2, 3 and 4 accordingly by means of the hydraulic displacement device (also not shown in more detail). Furthermore, the hydraulic displacement device also ensures that the core formwork 10 withstands the pressure of a curable compound during its curing, thus ensuring the stability of the core formwork 10 and, ultimately, effective and uniform, repeatable production of a plurality of identical room modules 8.

(19) FIGS. 7 to 14 schematically show the production of a room module 8 according to the invention in an apparatus, designed as a core formwork 10, according to the invention using a method according to the invention. In FIG. 7, the core formwork 10 is positioned vertically so that the head element 11 points upwards, and this sectional view shows the side elements 13 and 15 of the core formwork 10. The room module 8 to be produced is meant to be formed as a garage module having a base element 25, a ceiling element 26 and three side elements 24. In the production of such a room module 8, which is designed as a garage module, concrete is used as a curable compound. Therefore, it is necessary for the required stability of the garage module to incorporate reinforcement 21, preferably steel, within the concrete. As shown in FIG. 8, this reinforcement 21 is arranged around the core formwork 10 or around its side elements 12, 13, 14 and 15 and its head element 11.

(20) After the reinforcement 21 has been arranged around the core formwork 10, this arrangement is now provided with an outer formwork 9, as shown in FIG. 9. It can be seen that an intermediate space 22 is formed between the core formwork 10 and its side elements 12, 13, 14 and 15 and its head element 11, and the reinforcement 21 is arranged within said intermediate space. In this case, an outer formwork 9 does not necessarily have to be arranged in the region of the head element 11 of the core formwork 10 since, owing to the vertical positioning of the core formwork 10, the concrete aligns itself parallel to the head element 11 of the core formwork according to gravity and only has to be smoothed there if necessary.

(21) The intermediate space 22 is now filled with the curable compound, concrete in the present case, and in this position the entire apparatus according to the invention remains together with the outer formwork 9 and the not-yet-cured compound until it has cured.

(22) Once the compound or the concrete has cured, the outer formwork 9 can be removed. Once the concrete has cured, the room module 8, in the form of a garage module, is now formed. However, the core formwork 10 still has to be removed from the interior of the room module 8, in the form of a garage module. For this purpose, the vertically positioned room module 8, as shown in FIG. 10, is tilted by means of a tilting device (not shown) so that the room module 8 comes to rest on its base plate 25. In this position, the core formwork 10 is now no longer vertically, but horizontally positioned, as shown in FIG. 11.

(23) In the position according to FIG. 11, the first surface elements 1 of the head element 11 of the core formwork 10 are now lowered and moved relative to one another, and then the second surface elements 2, formed as triangular elements 27, are also moved relative to one another so as to reduce the rectangular area of the head element 11. The reduced rectangular area of the head element 11 is indicated in FIG. 12 by the thicker lines in relation to the room module 8 or its side wall 24.

(24) Subsequently, the third and fourth surface elements 3 and 4 of the core formwork 10 are adapted to the reduced rectangular area of the head element 11 by being moved in the direction of the central longitudinal axis 16 of the core formwork 10, as shown in FIG. 13. As a result, a gap 20 is formed in the region of the side elements 12, 13, 14 and 15 between the core formwork 10 and the room module 8 so that the core formwork 10 can be moved out of the interior of the room module 8. This is schematically shown in FIG. 14.

(25) The room module 8, in the form of a garage module, thus produced can now be provided for further processing or use, and the core formwork 10 can be used to produce further room modules 8.

(26) The room module 8 in this case has a base element 25, a ceiling element 26 and three side elements 24, i.e. now five surfaces. At the opening 30 of the room module 8, in the form of a garage module, a garage door can be arranged as the surface closing the room module 8, so, apart from this arrangement of the garage door, no further processing steps are necessary to produce a finished garage.

LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

(27) 1 Surface element 2 Surface element 3 Surface element 4 Surface element 5 Head plate 6 Turning device 7 Triangular element 8 Room module 9 Outer formwork 10 Core formwork 11 Head element 12 Side element 13 Side element 14 Side element 15 Side element 16 Central longitudinal axis 17 Corner region 18 Centre 19 Corner 20 Gap 21 Reinforcement 22 Intermediate space 23 Guide system 24 Side element 25 Base element 26 Ceiling element 27 Diagonal strut 28 Bolt 29 Guide rail 30 Opening