O-CHLOROBENZYLIDENE MALONONITRILE (CS) BASED SELF-COMBUSTIBLE PYROTECHNIC COMPOSITIONS WHICH HAVE LOW IGNITION TEMPERATURES

Abstract

O-Chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS) based self-combustible pyrotechnic compositions containing polycarbonate (PC) as a binder and 9,10-anthraquinone as a smoke component capable of producing tear gas smoke upon ignition. The pyrotechnic composition comprises an oxidizer and fuel. The formulation further comprises a stabilize

Claims

1. A pyrotechnic self-combustible riot control composition, comprising: a. O-Chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS) as riot control agent, b. Fuel, c. Oxidizer, d. Polycarbonate as binder, e. Magnesium carbonate hydroxide pentahydrate as stabilizer, and f. Dye.

2. A pyrotechnic self-combustible riot control composition according to claim 1, characterised in that the fuel comprises at least one of sucrose and lactose.

3. A pyrotechnic self-combustible riot control composition according to claim 1, characterised in that the oxidizer is potassium chlorate as oxidizer.

4. A pyrotechnic self-combustible riot control composition according to claim 1, wherein the dye comprises one or more of 1,4 dihydroxy anthraquinone, 1-(p-tolylamino)-4-hydroxy anthraquinone, 1-methylamino anthraquinone, 4,4-methylidyne-bis-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one and 9,10 anthraquinon.

5. A pyrotechnic self-combustible riot control composition according to claim 1, characterised in that the composition comprises: a. 20% to 30% wt CS, b. 25% to 30% wt sucrose or lactose, c. 25% to 30% wt potasium chlorate, d. 7% to 10% wt polycarbonate, e. 6% to 15% wt magnesium carbonate hydroxide pentahydrate, and f. 3% to 5% wt 9,10 anthraquinone.

6. A method for making pyrotechnic self-combustible riot control composition comprising steps of: a. Pre-grinding sucrose, potassium chlorate, magnesium carbonate hydroxide pentahydrate and 9,10-anthraquinone to a fine powder and passing the fine powder through a #120-140 mesh sieve, b. Dissolving polycarbonate (PC) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at 40±5° C., c. After dissolution of the PC, adding O-Chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS) and other powdered ingredients to solution, d. Maintaining the resultant solution at 40±5° C. for at least 3 hours during stirring and removing the solvent, e. Removing the resultant solution from heat and allowing the resultant solution to dry into a dry mixture, f. Adding the dry mixture to a ball mill and grinding the dry mixture into a second fine powder for 30 minutes, and g. Compressing the second fine powder using a tablet pressing machine at a pressure of 7,000-8,000 pounds to achieve a tablet density of 1.2-1.4 g/cm.sup.3.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] FIG. 1 is a ternary plot showing variation of burning rates of the compositions with relative amounts of binder, coolant and smoke component.

[0032] FIG. 2 is a ternary plot showing variation of burning rates of the compositions with amounts of oxidizer, CS and fuel.

[0033] FIG. 3 is a ternary plot showing variation of burning rates of the compositions with amounts of oxidizer, coolant and fuel.

BEST MODE

[0034] The preferred composition of riot control formulations have the following composition (Example 2):

TABLE-US-00009 Component Type Component Wt. % Riot control CS 25 agent Binder PC (TRIREX 7 3022 IR) Fuel Sucrose 27.5 Oxidizer Potassium 27.5 chlorate Stabilizer and Magnesium 10 coolant carbonate hydroxide pentahydrate Smoke 9,10- 3 Anthraquinone

[0035] The burning rate for Example 2 having 27.5% by weight oxidizer/fuel and 10% by weight coolant is within the desired burning rate for tear gas hand grenades and cartridges.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

[0036] Upon ignition, the heat produced by reaction of fuel and oxidizer causes CS and 9,10-anthraquinone to sublime. The compositions produce tear gas smoke which causes a temporary incapacitation. These compositions can be used as tear gas munitions in hand grenades or cartridges. They have applications in riot control and events requiring special operations by law enforcement personnel.