Surgical construct with adjustable loops and sliding knot

Abstract

This disclosure relates to methods of surgical tissue reconstruction, such as for joint or ligament repair, and associated surgical constructs.

Claims

1. A surgical construct, comprising: a flexible strand comprising, a first segment, a second segment, and opposite first and second free ends corresponding to the first and second segments, respectively, the first segment forming a first adjustable loop and the second segment forming a second adjustable loop, each of the first and second adjustable loops having a continuous loop portion, the continuous loop portions being interlocked with one another, and a sliding knot coupling the first and second segments, the sliding knot being configured to slidably receive the first and second free ends, wherein the continuous loop portions of the first and second adjustable loops are interconnected across from the sliding knot and the continuous loop portions terminate at the sliding knot, wherein the first and second adjustable loops are individually adjustable independent of one another by sliding the first and second free ends through the sliding knot, and wherein the flexible strand is devoid of splicing.

2. The surgical construct of claim 1, wherein the flexible strand is a single flexible strand.

3. The surgical construct of claim 1, wherein the flexible strand is a suture or a suture tape.

4. The surgical construct of claim 1, wherein a fixation device is coupled to the first and second free ends of the flexible strand.

5. The surgical construct of the claim 4, wherein the fixation device is located near the sliding knot.

6. The surgical construct of claim 4, wherein the fixation device is a button that has apertures for receiving each of the first and second adjustable loops.

7. A surgical construct for tissue reconstruction, comprising: a single suture tape comprising, a first segment, a second segment, and opposite first and second free ends corresponding to the first and second segments, respectively, the first segment forming a first adjustable loop and the second segment forming a second adjustable loop, each of the first and second adjustable loops having a continuous loop portion, and a sliding knot coupling the first and second segments and terminating the continuous loop portions, the sliding knot being configured to slidably receive the first and second free ends, wherein the first and second adjustable loops are individually adjustable independent of one another by sliding the first and second free ends through the sliding knot.

8. The surgical construct of claim 7, wherein the continuous loop portions of the first and second adjustable loops are interconnected.

9. The surgical construct of claim 8, wherein the continuous loop portions are interconnected across from the sliding knot.

10. The surgical construct of claim 7, wherein a fixation device is coupled to the first and second free ends of the flexible strand.

11. The surgical construct of claim 10, wherein the fixation device is a button.

12. The surgical construct of claim 7, wherein the flexible strand is devoid of splicing.

13. A method of tissue reconstruction, comprising the steps of: advancing a surgical construct in a first direction through first and second tissues, the surgical construct being formed of a flexible strand comprising first and second interlocked adjustable loops, a sliding knot, and first and second free ends slidable through the sliding knot; pulling the surgical construct in a second direction opposite the first direction at the first and second free ends thereof such that a fixation device coupled to the first and second adjustable loops engages the first tissue and closing a separation between the first and second tissues; and tensioning the surgical construct by pulling on the free ends to reduce the first and second adjustable loops and secure the first and second tissues together.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising the steps of engaging another fixation device coupled to the free ends of the surgical construct with the second tissue, wherein tensioning the surgical construct by pulling on the free ends to reduce the first and second adjustable loops, secures the first and second tissues together between the fixation devices.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the another fixation device is coupled to the free ends of the surgical construct prior to inserting the surgical construct through the first and second bones.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein each of the fixation devices is a button.

17. The method of claim 13, wherein the first and second adjustable loops are individually adjustable by pulling the first and second free ends, respectively, when tensioning the surgical construct.

18. The method of claim 13, wherein the first and second adjustable loops are simultaneously adjustable by pulling on the first and second free ends at the same time.

19. The method of claim 14, wherein the first and second tissues are first and second bones of a separated bone joint.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein corresponding holes are drilled into the first and second bones and the surgical construct is advanced through the holes of the first and second bones.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the sliding knot of the surgical construct is placed in the hole of the second bone.

22. The method of claim 19, wherein when the surgical construct is advanced through the first and second bones, the adjustable loops of the surgical construct are first inserted into the holes of the first and second bones, respectively.

23. The method of claim 13, wherein the fixation device is coupled to the adjustable loops of the surgical construct after the step of advancing the surgical construct through the first and second bones.

24. The method of claim 13, wherein the flexible strand is a single suture tape.

25. The method of claim 13, wherein the flexible strand is devoid of splicing.

26. A surgical construct, comprising: a flexible strand comprising, a first segment, a second segment, and opposite first and second free ends corresponding to the first and second segments, respectively, the first segment forming a first adjustable loop and the second segment forming a second adjustable loop, each of the first and second adjustable loops having a continuous loop portion, the continuous loop portions being interlocked with one another, and a sliding knot coupling the first and second segments, the sliding knot being configured to slidably receive the first and second free ends, wherein the continuous loop portions of the first and second adjustable loops are interconnected across from the sliding knot and the continuous loop portions terminate at the sliding knot, and wherein the first and second adjustable loops are individually adjustable independent of one another by sliding the first and second free ends through the sliding knot.

27. A surgical construct, comprising: a flexible strand comprising, a first segment, a second segment, and opposite first and second free ends corresponding to the first and second segments, respectively, the first segment forming a first adjustable loop and the second segment forming a second adjustable loop, each of the first and second adjustable loops having a continuous loop portion, the continuous loop portions being interlocked with one another, and a sliding knot coupling the first and second segments, the sliding knot being configured to slidably receive the first and second free ends, wherein the first and second adjustable loops are individually adjustable independent of one another by sliding the first and second free ends through the sliding knot, and wherein a fixation device is coupled to the first and second free ends of the flexible strand.

28. A surgical construct, comprising: a flexible strand comprising, a first segment, a second segment, and opposite first and second free ends corresponding to the first and second segments, respectively, the first segment forming a first adjustable loop and the second segment forming a second adjustable loop, each of the first and second adjustable loops having a continuous loop portion, the continuous loop portions being interlocked with one another, and a sliding knot coupling the first and second segments, the sliding knot being configured to slidably receive the first and second free ends, wherein the first and second adjustable loops are individually adjustable independent of one another by sliding the first and second free ends through the sliding knot, and wherein the flexible strand is devoid of splicing; and a fixation device coupled to the first and second free ends of the flexible strand.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIGS. 1A and 1B are opposite side views, respectively, of an exemplary surgical construct.

(2) FIGS. 2A-2G illustrates steps for forming the surgical construct illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B.

(3) FIGS. 3A and 3B are opposite side views, respectively, of the surgical construct with a fixation device attached thereto.

(4) FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an exemplary joint separation needing reconstruction.

(5) FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate of the preparation steps of an exemplary method of joint reconstruction.

(6) FIGS. 6A-6L illustrate exemplary method steps for repairing a separated joint using the surgical construct illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B.

(7) FIG. 7 shows the final fixation of a CCL reconstruction using the surgical construct illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(8) This disclosure generally relates to a surgical construct 10 and methods of tissue reconstruction using the same. Surgical construct 10 is designed to simplify reconstructive surgery while also providing a secure repair. In an embodiment, surgical construct 10 comprises only a single suture tape 100 that forms two adjustable loops with a sliding knot and without any splices in the construct. For simplicity, the surgical construct 10 and methods of reconstruction using the surgical construct 10 will be described in the context of an AC joint and CCL reconstructions. Surgical construct 10, however, is not limited to such reconstructions, and may be used for any reconstruction and/or fixation, including bone repair, cartilage repair, soft tissue repair, and the like.

(9) Referring to FIGS. 1A and 1B, surgical construct 10 generally includes a flexible strand 100 that comprises first and second segments 102a and 102b, and opposite first and second free ends 104 and 106 associated with the first and second segments 102a and 102b, respectively. First segment 102a forms a first adjustable loop 108 and second segment 102b forms a second adjustable loop 110. Each adjustable loop 108 and 110 has a continuous loop portion 112a and 112b. A sliding knot 120 is formed in flexible strand 100 which couples first and second adjustable loops 108 and 110. The continuous loop portions 112a and 112b may be interlocked with one another and the sliding knot 120 may terminate the continuous loop portions 112a and 112b across or opposite from where the loop portions are interlocked. The sliding knot 120 may be configured to slidably receive first and second free ends 104 and 106, with no or minimal friction, to allow individual adjustment of the adjustable loops 108 and 110 by pulling the first free end 104 and/or the second free end 106, either one at a time or at the same time.

(10) FIGS. 2A-2F illustrate an exemplary way of forming surgical construct 10. The surgical construct 10 may be formed using only a single flexible strand, such as a single suture or suture tape. Initially, the two continuous loop portions 112a and 112b are created in the first and second segments 102 and 102b of the flexible strand 100, as seen in FIG. 2A. Next, second free end 106 is crossed under and over first free end 104, as seen in FIG. 2B. Second free end 106 is then passed through and around continuous loop portion 112a and then through and out of continuous loop portion 112b, as seen in FIG. 2C. After that, first free end 104 is passed through and around continuous loop portion 112b and then through and out of continuous loop portion 112a, as seen in FIG. 2D. This builds two sliding loops. The free ends 104 and 106 are pulled to create the sliding knot 120, as seen in FIG. 2E. Finally, the sliding knot 120 may be closed to create the adjustable loops 108 and 110 and form construct 10, as seen in FIG. 2F, where the knot 120 allows free ends 104 and 106 to slide with respect to knot 120 to reduce or shrink the adjustable loops 108 and 110. The construct 10 is formed without the use of or the need for splicing the flexible strand. Thus, the construct 10 is devoid of splicing. FIG. 2G illustrates an additional step to create a strength lock on the knot 120 for the fixation, as an option for the surgeon. In this configuration of the free ends of the flexible strand on opposite directions will interlocked one on another through the sliding knot 120.

(11) Surgical construct 10 may include a fixation device 150, as seen in FIGS. 3A and 3B. Fixation device 150 may be attached to surgical construct 10 at the side of sliding knot 120 of the free ends 104 and 106 of the construct 10. Fixation device 150, may be a button or the like, such as described in U.S. Pat. No. 9,005,245. The free ends 140 and 106 of construct 10 may extend through respective openings in the fixation device 150.

(12) In an embodiment, surgical construct 10 may be used for tissue reconstruction, such as reconstruction of a separated joint 200, as seen in FIG. 4. The initial preparation steps of the reconstruction may include drilling corresponding holes in the separated bones, e.g. the clavicle and coracoid bone 202 and 204, using a cannulated drill 206, for example, as seen in FIGS. 5A and 5A, drilling from the clavicle 202 to the coracoid 204. With the cannulated drill 206 in place, a shuttling device 208 (FIGS. 6A and 6B), such as a Lasso wire, may be passed through the drill to facilitate advancement of the construct 10 through the bone holes. The drill may then be removed.

(13) Next, as seen in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the shutting device 208 is coupled to the adjustable loops 108 and 110 of the surgical construct 10 to advance the construct in a first direction through the clavicle 202 to the coracoid 204, via the drilled holes thereof, with the adjustable loops 108 and 110 of the construct being inserted in the holes first and pulled through by the shuttling device. At this stage, the surgical construct 10 extends through both the clavicle 202 and the coracoid 204 and spans the separation therebetween, with the sliding knot 120 and the fixation device 150 at the superior side of the clavicle 202.

(14) As seen in FIGS. 6C and 6D, the sliding knot 120 is then inserted into the drilled hole of the clavicle 202 by pulling on adjustable loops 108 and 110 at the superior side of the coracoid 204. Another fixation device 152 is attached to the adjustable loops 108 and 110. The fixation device 152 may be a button or the like that is attached to the flexible strand of the contrast 10 at loops 108 and 110 in a known manner.

(15) Once the fixation device 152 is attached to the adjustable loops 108 and 110 of the construct 10, the free ends 104 and 106 may be pulled in a second direction from the coracoid 204 to the clavicle 202 so that the fixation device 152 engages the coracoid 204, that is it abuts a superior surface of the coracoid, as seen in FIGS. 6E and 6F. Continued pulling of the construct in this direction closes the separation S between the clavicle 202 and the coracoid 204, as seen in FIGS. 6F and 6G, thereby stabilizing the dislocation.

(16) The flexible strand of the construct 10 may then be pulled, by using a wire or other shuttling device, through the sliding knot 120 in clavicle 202 and through fixation device 150, as seen in FIG. 6H. The fixation device 150 may be advanced to engage the clavicle 202, that is it abuts a superior surface of the clavicle. The adjustable loops 108 and 110 are now ready to be closed to secure the repair by tensioning the free ends 104 and 106 and sliding the same through sliding knot 120, as seen in FIG. 6I, with little to no friction. As seen in FIG. 6J, the adjustable loops 108 and 110 may be tightened one at a time by pulling one of the free ends 104 and 106 and then the other. Alternatively, the adjustable loops 108 and 110 may be tightened at the same time but pulling the free ends 104 and 106 at the same time. Once the loops are completely tightened against the fixation device 150, the free ends 104 and 106 may be cut, as seen in FIGS. 6K and 6L. The fixation device being attached with the adjustable loops and sliding knot of the construct 10, provides a better fixation without requiring numerous knots, and without needed to use two separate sutures or fiber tapes. Using a single flexible strand, such as a suture tape, doubles the strength of the fixation because the single tape passes twice through the button.

(17) A CCL reconstruction using the construct 10 provides a minimally invasive method for extracapsular stabilization of the cranial cruciate ligament deficient canine stifle. For a CCL reconstruction, the construct 10 may be configured to optimize the lateral suture stabilization technique by employing bone-to-bone fixation, an implant with superior strength and stiffness, that may be designed specifically for ligament repair, and a method for consistent isometric implant placement. As such, CCL reconstruction using the construct 10 can counteract cranial tibial thrust, drawer, and internal rotation while providing optimal joint range-of-motion. With the adjustable loop and sliding knot allows the use of only one suture or suture tape with the sliding knot construct 10 resulting in a low profile knot for the final fixation.

(18) For the CCL reconstruction, the bones, i.e. the femur and the tibia, are prepared in a similar manner as above and the construct 10 is similarly passed through the tibia and then through the femur, via a shuttle device such as a wire. The wire may have a fiber wire loop attached to a button implant. The button may be placed on the femur and another button may be mounted on the end of the tibia. At this point, the CCL reconstruction is similar to the AC joint reconstruction described above, except that the button that is coupled to the construct goes on the tibia at the final fixation. The button is already attached with the adjustable loops and sliding knot of the construct 10, thereby providing a better fixation without doing numerous knots, and without needed to use two separate sutures or fiber tapes, as seen in FIG. 7. Using a single flexible strand, such as a suture tape, doubles the strength of the fixation because the single tape passes twice through the button.

(19) Although use of the surgical construct 10 is described in connection with a joint separation or CCL reconstruction, surgical construct 10 may be used for other tissue repairs, including soft tissue-to-bone repairs. The surgical construct 10 may also be used with only one of the fixation devices or no fixation devices depending on the type of repair or reconstruction.

(20) It should be understood that terms such as “lateral,” “medial,” “distal,” “proximal,” “superior,” and “inferior” are used above consistent with the way those terms are used in the art. Further, these terms have been used herein for purposes of explanation and should not be considered otherwise limiting. Terms such as “generally,” “substantially,” and “about” are not intended to be boundary less terms and should be interpreted consistent with the way one skilled in the art would interpret those terms.

(21) Although the different examples have the specific components shown in the illustrations, embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to those particular combinations. It is possible to use some of the components or features from one of the examples in combination with features or components from another one of the examples.

(22) One of ordinary skill in this art would understand that the above-described embodiments are exemplary and non-limiting. That is, modifications of this disclosure would come within the scope of the claims. Accordingly, the following claims should be studied to determine their true scope and content.