Abstract
The invention relates to an electrical functional component (01) having at least one electrically conductive conductor strip (02), at least one contact pin (03) being arranged on the conductor strip (02), said contact pin (03) being able to be contacted with a contact element complementary in function, in particular a plug or a socket, and a contact zone being provided between the conductor strip (02) and the contact pin (03), said contact zone electrically connecting the conductor strip (02) and the contact pin (03) to each other, the electrically conductive contact zone being formed in the type of an annular cold-pressure-welded transition zone (11), the surface material of the conductor strip (02) and/or the surface material of the contact pin (03) comprising at least one cold-working area (12, 14) in the transition zone (11), a welding zone (13) being provided at least in sections on or in at least one cold-working zone (12, 14), the contact pin (03) and the conductor strip (02) being connected to each other in the welding zone (13) in an electrically conductive manner by material bonding.
Claims
1. An electrical functional component having at least one electrically conductive conductor strip, at least one contact pin being mounted on the conductor strip, said contact pin comprising a plug adapted to be contacted with a contact element complementary in function comprising a socket, and a contact zone being provided between the conductor strip and the contact pin, said contact zone electrically connecting the conductor strip and the contact pin to each other, wherein the electrically conductive contact zone is formed as an annular cold-pressure-welded transition zone, the surface material of the conductor strip and/or the surface material of the contact pin comprises at least one cold-working zone in the transition zone, a welding zone is provided at least in a section on or in the at least one cold-working zone, and the contact pin and the conductor strip are connected to each other in the welding zone by material bonding in an electrically conductive manner.
2. The electrical functional component according to claim 1, wherein the conductor strip is formed by a, in particular a punched grid conductive sheet.
3. The electrical functional component according to claim 1, wherein the conductor strip comprises an annular protrusion in the area of the contact zone, said protrusion forming a material thickening in the conductor strip.
4. The electrical functional component according to claim 1, wherein the contact pin engages entirely through the conductor strip in a recess and at least partially protrudes over the conductor strip with both ends.
5. The electrical functional component according to claim 1, wherein the contact pin engages through at least two conductor strips being arranged above one another with two recesses aligned flush atop of each other and electrically contacts the two conductor strips.
6. The electrical functional component according to claim 1, wherein the contact pin comprises a cross-sectional reduction on at least one end, the cross-sectional reduction comprising at least one of a chamfer on at least one end of the cross section, a radius on at least one end of the cross section, or a cone-segment-shaped cross section.
7. The electrical functional component according to claim 6, wherein the contact pin comprises a tear surface on at least one frontal side, the cross section of the contact pin being constricted at the frontal side.
8. The electrical functional component according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the contact pin is formed mirror-symmetrical about a center of the contact pin.
9. The electrical functional component according to claim 1, wherein the recess receiving the contact pin comprises a cross-sectional widening on at least one side, the cross-sectional widening comprising at least one of a chamfer on at least one end of the cross section, or a radius on at least one end of the cross section or a cone-segment-shaped cross section.
10. The electrical functional component according claim 1, wherein the cross section of the recess receiving the contact pin is formed mirror-symmetrical regarding its middle.
11. The electrical functional component according to claims 1, wherein the contact zone is arranged on one end of the conductor strip, the annular cold-pressure-welded transition zone being surrounded by an annular-segment-shaped contact area formed by an end of the conductor strip.
12. The electrical functional component according to claim 1, wherein the contact pin comprises an outer perimeter calibrated at least in sections and/or that the recess or the indentation comprises an inner perimeter calibrated at least in sections.
13. The electrical functional component according to claim 1, wherein the conductor strip and/or the contact pin comprise(s) a metallic coating.
14. The electrical functional component according to claim 13, wherein the resistance to deformation of the coating material is lesser than the resistance to deformation of the coated material.
15. The electrical functional component according to claim 1, wherein the annular cold-pressure-welded transition zone has a cylinder-shaped or prismatic design.
16. The electrical functional component according to claim 1, wherein the functional component is realized in the type of a printed circuit board or a plug or an illuminant.
17. A method for producing an electrical functional component, comprising the following method steps: a) producing at least one recess or indentation in an electrically conductive conductor strip; b) supplying a contact pin, whose outer perimeter is larger than the inner perimeter of the recess or the indentation at least in sections, an end of the contact pin being disposed at or inserted into the recess or the indentation; c) pressing the contact pin into the recess or the indentation, an annular cold-pressure-welded transition zone being formed by the cross-sectional overlap between the contact pin on the one hand and the recess or the indentation in the conductor strip on the other hand while the contact pin is pressed in, said contact pin and said conductor strip being electrically connected to each other in the welding zone of the transition zone by material bonding.
18. The method according to claim 17, wherein a conductive sheet is hole-punched in method step a) using a punching tool.
19. The method according to claim 18, wherein the punched conductive sheet is pervaded, in particular by means of a mandrel, resulting in the formation of an annular protrusion.
20. The method according to claim 19, wherein the recess punched into the conductive sheet is calibrated to a nominal diameter, in particular using the mandrel or a calibration tool.
21. The method according to claim 1, wherein two conductor strips comprising recesses aligned flush atop of each other are arranged above one another and a contact pin is pressed in so as to at least partially engage through both recesses.
22. The method according to claim 1, wherein a continuous wire material is torn into wire sections, in particular having constrictions at their ends, in order to produce the contact pin, tear surfaces being formed at the frontal sides of the contact pin.
Description
[0041] In the figures,
[0042] FIG. 1 shows an electrical functional component having several conductor strips and contact elements in a perspective view;
[0043] FIG. 2 shows a conductor strip of the functional component according to FIG. 1, before a protrusion has been formed, in a cross-sectional and lateral view;
[0044] FIG. 3 shows the conductor strip according to FIG. 2, after a protrusion has been formed and before a contact pin has been attached, in a cross-sectional and lateral view;
[0045] FIG. 4 shows the conductor strip according to FIG. 3 when disposing a contact pin, before pressing the contact pin in, in a cross-sectional and lateral view;
[0046] FIG. 5 shows the conductor strip having the contact pin according to FIG. 4, after the contact pin has been pressed in, in a cross-sectional and lateral view;
[0047] FIG. 6 shows two conductor strips when disposing a shared contact pin, before pressing the contact pin in, in a cross-sectional view;
[0048] FIG. 7 shows the conductor strips having the contact pin according to FIG. 6, after the contact pin has been pressed in, in a cross-sectional view;
[0049] FIG. 8 shows the contact zone between the conductor strip and the contact pin according to FIG. 5 in an enlarged section A;
[0050] FIG. 9 shows a conductor strip comprising a cylinder-shaped recess and a protrusion in a cross-sectional view;
[0051] FIG. 10 shows the conductor strip according to FIG. 9 in a top view;
[0052] FIG. 11 shows a second conductor strip having a cone-segment-shaped recess in a cross-sectional view;
[0053] FIG. 12 shows the conductor strip according to FIG. 11 in a top view;
[0054] FIG. 13 shows a conductor strip having a cylinder-shaped recess and a chamfer at an end cross section in a cross-sectional view;
[0055] FIG. 14 shows the conductor strip according to FIG. 13 in a top view;
[0056] FIG. 15 shows another embodiment of a conductor strip having a cylinder-shaped recess and a radius at an end cross section in a cross-sectional view;
[0057] FIG. 16 shows the conductor strip according to FIG. 15 in a cross-sectional view;
[0058] FIG. 17 shows another embodiment of a conductor strip having a cylinder-shaped recess and two chamfers at both end cross sections in a cross-sectional view;
[0059] FIG. 18 shows the conductor strip according to FIG. 17 in a top view;
[0060] FIG. 19 shows another embodiment of a conductor strip having a cylinder-shaped recess and two radii at both end cross sections in a cross-sectional view;
[0061] FIG. 20 shows the conductor strip according to FIG. 19 in a top view;
[0062] FIG. 21 shows a conductor strip having a prismatic, namely square, recess in a top view;
[0063] FIG. 22 shows a conductor strip having a prismatic, namely rectangular, recess and a chamfer at the end cross sections in a top view;
[0064] FIG. 23 shows a conductor strip having a prismatic, namely rectangular, recess having a radius at the end cross sections in a top view; and
[0065] FIG. 24 shows a square conductor strip having a cylinder-shaped recess and annulus-segment-shaped relief openings in a top view.
[0066] FIG. 1 shows an electrical functional component 01 comprising several conductor strips 02, at whose ends contact pins 03 are arranged in an electrically conductive manner. The contact pins 03 serve for attaching a plug, which is not shown in FIG. 1, to the functional component 01.
[0067] The conductor strips 02 are produced by punching a conductive sheet, although initially various connecting cross pieces 04 remain for installation purposes. The connecting cross pieces 04 are removed after the functional component 01 has been overmolded with plastic so that all conductor strips 02 are electrically isolated from each other.
[0068] An electrically conductive contact zone is provided between the conductor strips 02 and the contact pins 03, respectively, so that electric current can be transmitted between the conductor strips 02 and the contact pins 03 essentially without resistance. The electric contact zone between the conductor strips 02 and the contact pins 03 is realized by pressing the contact pins 03 into cylinder-shaped recesses at the end of the conductor strips 02, an annular cold-pressure-welded transition zone being formed between the conductor strips 02 and the contact pins 03 by pressing the contact pins 03 in. The method for producing the electrically conductive contact zone between the contact pins 03 and the conductor strips 02 will be further described hereinbelow with reference to the drawings FIG. 2 through FIG. 5.
[0069] In FIG. 2, the conductive sheet 05, from which the conductor strips 02 are punched, is first shown in a cross-sectional view. A recess 07 having a cylinder-shaped cross section is formed at the end 06 of the conductor strips 02 by means of a punching mandrel.
[0070] FIG. 3 shows the conductor strip 02 after another production step. In this production step, the material of the conductive sheet 05 is pervaded in the area of the recess 07 by means of a mandrel and thus the conductive sheet 05 is cold-worked in the area of the recess 07, resulting in the formation of a protrusion 08. As can be seen in FIG. 3, the conductor strip 02 thus comprises a material thickening in the area of the recess 07, the thickness of the material thickening being larger than the thickness of the conductive sheet 05 used.
[0071] FIG. 4 shows the conductor strip 02 and the contact pin 03 directly before the contact pin is pressed into the recess 07. The contact pin 03 is produced by wire sections being cut to length, said cutting to length being carried out by tearing off the contact pins. A tear surface is therefore formed at each of the frontal sides 29, said tear surface in each instance bordering on a material constriction 09 which is formed by the continuous wire being torn. Hence, the outer diameter of the contact pin 03 is slightly larger, for example a few tenths of a millimeter larger, than the inner diameter of the recess 07. Before being pressed in the contact pin 03 can be inserted into and centered in the recess 07 via the constriction 09 without any problems.
[0072] FIG. 5 shows the conductor strip 02 and the contact pin 03 after the contact pin 03 has been pressed into the recess 07; it can be seen that the contact pin 03 protrudes over the end cross sections of the recess 07 with both ends. In other words, this means that the contact pin 03 is passed through the conductor strip 02 when being pressed in in order to compensate for dimensional tolerances in the area of the material overlap between the inner diameter of the recess 07 and the outer diameter of the contact pin 03. Since the contact pin 03 is formed mirror-symmetrical regarding its middle and the two ends have the same shape, the contact pin 03 can be supplied and pressed in with either of its two ends first.
[0073] FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 schematically show a method for plating through two conductor strips 02 and 02a by pressing a contact pin 03 in. For this purpose, the two conductor strips 02 and 02a are arranged on top of each other in such a manner that the two recesses 07 and 07a are aligned flush atop of each other. The conductor strips are contacted with each other by pressing the contact pin 03 in, the two ends 09 each protruding over the conductor strips 02 and 02a. For this purpose, an insulating layer 10 can be provided between the conductor strips 02 and 02a.
[0074] FIG. 8 shows the contact pin 03 and the conductor strip 02 in an enlarged section A according to FIG. 5. An annularly shaped cold-pressure-welded transition zone 11 is formed between the contact pin 03 and the conductor strip 02, said transition zone 11 being shown in FIG. 8 in only a schematic manner and in an exemplarily enlarged scale in order to better understand the invention. In the transition zone 11, an annularly shaped cold-working zone 12, which consists of the material of the contact pin 03, an annularly shaped welding zone 13, in which the material of the contact pin 03 and the material of the conductor strip 02 are integrally welded together, and an annularly shaped cold-working zone 14 made of the material of the conductor strip 02 are arranged behind each other. The cold-working zones 12 and 14 and the welding zone 13 are formed when the contact pin 03 is pressed into the recess 07 of the conductor strip 02 due to the material overlap between the outer perimeter 15 of the contact pin 03 and the inner perimeter 16 of the recess 07. The material overlap is to be chosen depending on the material selected for the contact pin 03 and the conductor strip 02 such that a welding zone 13 is formed at least in sections after the contact pin 03 has been pressed into the recess 07, said contact pin 03 being integrally cold-welded to the conductor strip 02 in the welding zone 13. This can be easily controlled by producing microsections. The geometry of the cold-working zones 12 and 14 shown in FIG. 8 is to be understood only in a schematic manner since the actual ratios heavily depend on the materials used in each case.
[0075] By calibrating the outer perimeter 15 at the contact pin 03 or by either alternatively or additionally calibrating the inner perimeter 16 in the recess 07 of the conductor strip 02, a safe process control can be attained when forming the welding zone 13, which ensures a high contact quality between the contact pin 03 and the conductor strip 02. By applying coatings in the area of the outer perimeter 15 or the inner perimeter 16, respectively, the quality of the electrical contact in the welding zone 13 can moreover be enhanced.
[0076] FIG. 9 shows the end 06 of the conductor strip 02 having the cylinder-shaped recess 07 and the protrusion 08 in an enlarged cross section.
[0077] FIG. 10 shows the end 06 of the conductor strip 02 in a top view. It can be seen that the material of the conductor strip 02 surrounds the recess 07 in an annulus-segment-shaped contact area 17. When pressing the contact pin 03 into the recess 07, this annulus-segment-shaped contact area is not only plastically deformed at the inner perimeter 16 but is also elastically widened in the radial direction. This elastic widening causes an elastic restoring force, through which the inner perimeter 16 is pressed against the outer perimeter 15 and is pre-stressed after the contact pin 03 has been pressed in. By means of this elastic pre-stressing of the annulus-segment-shaped contact area 17, creeping and ageing processes can be compensated in regard of the electrical conductive quality since the material of the conductor strip 02 is continuously pressed against the material of the contact pin 03 via the elastic pre-stressing.
[0078] FIG. 11 shows another embodiment 02b of a conductor strip. At the end 06 of the conductor strip 02b, a recess 07b shaped like a cone segment in its cross section is provided, which in turn also engages through a protrusion 08b. By means of the cone-shaped constriction of the cross section of the recess 07b, it is possible for dimensional tolerances in the area of material overlap between the outer perimeter 15 of the contact pin 03 and the inner perimeter 16b of the conductor strip 02b to be compensated for without difficulty. The opening angle of the cone-shaped recess 07b is shown in an exaggerated manner in FIG. 11. In most instances, an opening angle of only a few degrees suffices for ensuring the required tolerance compensation.
[0079] FIG. 12 shows the conductor strip 02b in a top view, the cross-sectional constriction of the recess 07b having different diameters being visible at the two end cross sections.
[0080] FIG. 13 shows another embodiment 02c of a conductor strip, at whose ends 06c, in turn, a recess 07c is formed. The recess 07c also engages through the protrusion 08c. A cone-shaped chamfer 19 is formed at the upper end cross section 18 of the recess 07c in order to simplify inserting and centering of the contact pin 03 before it is pressed in.
[0081] FIG. 14 shows the conductor strips 02c having the chamfer 19 in a top view.
[0082] FIG. 15 shows another embodiment 02d of a conductor strip, at whose cylinder-shaped recesses 07d a radius 20 is formed in the area of the end cross section 18d, said radius 20 in turn simplifying inserting and centering the contact pin 03 before it is pressed in.
[0083] FIG. 16 shows the conductor strips 02d having the radius 20 in a top view.
[0084] FIG. 17 shows another embodiment 02e of a conductor strip having a cylinder-shaped recess 07e, which comprises chamfers 19 at each of the end cross sections 21 and 22. In this manner, the contact pin 03 can be pressed into the recess 07e from either the top or the bottom as desired.
[0085] FIG. 18 shows the conductor strip 02e in a top view.
[0086] FIG. 19 and FIG. 20 show another embodiment 02f of a conductor strip, whose cylinder-shaped recess 07f comprises radii 20 at each of its end cross sections 21 and 22 so that the contact pin 03 can be pressed into the conductor strip from either the top or the bottom as desired.
[0087] FIG. 21 shows another embodiment 02g of a conductor strip having a prismatic recess 07g. The prismatic recess 07g comprises an essentially square cross section, whose corners are rounded off. The contact pin, which is to be used here and which is pressed into the conductor strip 02g, comprises a cross section complementary in form, wherein in turn a suitable material overlap is to be provided in order to form the cold-pressure-welded transition zone according to the invention when the contact pin is pressed in.
[0088] FIG. 22 and FIG. 23 show embodiments 02h and 02i, which in turn comprise prismatic recesses 07h and 07i. Either a square-shaped chamfer 23 or a square-shaped radius 24 is formed at the end cross sections of the recesses 07h and 07i.
[0089] FIG. 24 shows a conductor strip 25, wherein the rectangular outer perimeter of the conductor strip 25 is to be understood merely as an example. A recess 26 is provided in the conductor strip 25, a contact pin 03 being able to be inserted into said recess 26. In order to ensure a tight and continuous fit of the contact pin 03 in the recess 26, two relief slits 27 are additionally formed in the conductor strip 25, said relief slits 27 surrounding the contact area 28 in sections. An elastic widening of the annular contact area 28 in the area of the relief slits 27 is enabled via the relief slits 27 so that the contact area 28 is elastically pre-stressed after pressing the contact pin 03 in and elastically presses the inner perimeter of the recess 26 against the outer perimeter of the contact pin 03.
