A DIAL GRIP FOR AN INJECTION DEVICE

Abstract

A dial grip of an injection device comprises a grip base, an handling part provided on one side of the grip base, and clutch being provided on the other side of the grip base for releasable engagement with a dose selecting part of a dosage selection and expelling mechanism of the injection device to couple the grip base to the dosage selection and expelling mechanism for selecting and expelling a dosage with the dial grip.

Claims

1-16. (canceled)

17. A dial grip for an injection device, the dial grip comprising: a grip base, a handling part provided on one side of the grip base, and a clutch being provided on the other side of the grip base for engagement with a dose selecting part of a dosage selection and expelling mechanism of the injection device to couple the grip base to the dosage selection and expelling mechanism for selecting a dosage with the dial grip.

18. The dial grip of claim 17, comprising at least one locking lever being movable between a lock position and an unlock position, wherein the at least one locking lever can engage with a locking lever reception provided within a body of the injection device when moved in the lock position.

19. The dial grip of claim 17, wherein the handling part is configured for a releasable attachment of a grip top.

20. The dial grip of claim 19, wherein the handling part comprises at least one fixture for the releasable attachment of the grip top.

21. The dial grip of claim 20, wherein the at least one fixture comprises at least one guide groove and the grip top comprises one or more guide pins provided on its inside surface for engaging with the at least one guide groove.

22. The dial grip of claim 21, wherein the at least one guide groove comprises an end section and the at least one fixture further comprises a holder being arranged in the end section, wherein the one or more guide pins can be seated in the end section and releasably fixed with the holder in the end section.

23. The dial grip of claim 22, wherein the at least one fixture further comprises a retention spring being arranged in the handling part to exert a force on the holder, the retention spring being arranged to force at least one locking lever of the dial grip into a lock position when no guide pin is seated in the end section.

24. The dial grip of claim 17, wherein the grip base further comprises a collar coaxially arranged around the clutch and being provided for insertion between a dial sleeve of the dosage selection and expelling mechanism and a body of the injection device, the collar being configured as a guide for at least one locking lever of the dial grip.

25. The dial grip of claim 17, further comprising electronics configured for at least one of recording, storing, processing, or transmitting one or more drug dosages selected and expelled with an injection device.

26. The dial grip of claim 25, wherein the electronics are configured to provide one or more of the following functions: Bluetooth® connectivity; Near Field Communication connectivity; or WiFi™ connectivity.

27. The dial grip of claim 25, further comprising: a battery as power supply for the electronics, the battery including a rechargeable battery, and contacts provided on an outside surface of the dial grip for charging the battery, wherein the electronics are configured for data communication over the contacts.

28. An exchangeable grip top for a dial grip, the dial grip comprising: a grip base, a handling part provided on one side of the grip base, and a clutch being provided on the other side of the grip base for engagement with a dose selecting part of a dosage selection and expelling mechanism of an injection device to couple the grip base to the dosage selection and expelling mechanism for selecting a dosage with the dial grip, the grip top comprising: at least one guide pin provided on an inside surface of the grip top for engaging with at least one guide groove included in the handling part of the dial grip.

29. The grip top of claim 28, further comprising electronics configured for at least one of recording, storing, processing, or transmitting one or more drug dosages selected and expelled with an injection device.

30. The grip top of claim 29, wherein the electronics are configured to provide one or more of the following functions: Bluetooth® connectivity; Near Field Communication connectivity; or WiFi™ connectivity.

31. The grip top of claim 29, further comprising: a battery as power supply for the electronics, the battery including a rechargeable battery, and contacts provided on an outside surface of the grip top for charging the battery, wherein the electronics are particularly configured for data communication over the contacts.

32. An injection device comprising: a body provided for housing a dosage selection and expelling mechanism, and a dial grip, wherein the dial grip is coupled to the dosage selection and expelling mechanism forming a mechanical interface to allow for dosage selection with the dial grip, wherein the dial grip is releasable from the dosage selection and expelling mechanism such that the dial grip can be replaced by a second dial grip, or a grip top of the dial grip is releasable from the dial grip such that it can be replaced by a second grip top.

33. The injection device of claim 32, wherein the second dial grip or the second grip top comprises electronics configured for at least one of measuring, recording, storing, processing, or transmitting data related to one or more drug dosages selected or expelled with the injection device.

34. The injection device of claim 32, wherein the dosage selection and expelling mechanism having a mechanical interface on one open end of the body, and wherein a clutch of the dial grip is coupled to a dose selecting part of the dosage selection and expelling mechanism forming the mechanical interface to allow for dosage selection and expelling with the dial grip.

35. The injection device of claim 34, wherein the dial grip comprises: a grip base, a handling part provided on one side of the grip base, and the clutch being provided on the other side of the grip base to couple the grip base to the dosage selection and expelling mechanism for selecting a dosage with the dial grip.

36. The injection device of claim 35, wherein the grip top comprises at least one guide pin provided on an inside surface of the grip top for engaging with at least one guide groove included in the handling part of the dial grip.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0025] FIG. 1 shows an example of an injection pen with a dummy dial grip;

[0026] FIG. 2 shows an example of an exchangeable dial grip for an injection device in different views;

[0027] FIG. 3 shows an example of dial grip attached to an injection pen in different views; and

[0028] FIG. 4 shows the guiding of a locking lever in an example of a dial grip in different views.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In the following, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to injection devices, particularly an injection device in the form of a pen. The present disclosure is however not limited to such application and may equally well be deployed with other types of drug delivery devices, particularly with another shape than a pen.

[0030] FIG. 1 shows an injection device in the form of an injection pen 50 having body 52. The body 52 is provided for holding a drug cartridge (not shown) and housing a dose selecting and expelling mechanism 56 (from which only a part 56 for dose selection is shown in FIG. 1). The body 52 has a proximal end and a distal end. A syringe 58 protected by a cap 60 is provided at the proximal end of the body 51, and a dummy dial grip 10′ is attached to the distal end of the body 52. The dummy dial grip 10′ may be releasably attached to the distal end, and may provide a basic functionality for a patient as will be described hereinafter.

[0031] A patient may use the dummy dial grip 10′ to select a dose. The selected dose is shown on the scale of the dose selecting and expelling mechanism 56. The selection of a dose may be only possible, when a grip top is attached to the dummy dial grip 10′. Locking levers may prevent dose selection when the dummy dial grip 10′ is in a certain attachment position, and/or when no grid top is attached to the dummy dial grip 10′. Dose selection may be typically performed by turning the dummy dial grip 10′ with the attached grip top around its longitudinal axis relative to the body 52. Turning the dummy dial grip 10′ may cause the dose selecting and expelling mechanism to bring a piston in a position, in which the selected dose may be expelled from the cartridge within the body 52. The selected dose may be expelled by pressing the dummy dial grip 10′ down, i.e., in an axial direction to the distal end of the body 52. The force put on the dummy dial grip 10′ by pressing it down may be converted by the dose selecting and expelling mechanism into a pressure pulse being effective on the cartridge, for example on a diaphragm of the cartridge, so that the inner pressure of the cartridge is increased and an amount of the drug contained in the cartridge corresponding to the selected dose is expelled via the syringe 58 into the patient's body.

[0032] The dummy dial grip 10′ may be used for shipping the injection pen 50, and a simple grip top may be provided or enclosed enabling dose selecting and expelling as described above. The simple grip top may be part of the dummy dial grip 10′, or it may be a separate part. If the simple grip top is embodied as separate part, it may be replaceable with another grip top to provide further functionality to the injection pen 50. The dummy dial grip 10′ and simple grip top may be implemented with relatively simple technical means, for example as a one-piece molded part, which may be enclosed with a shipment of the injection pen 50 to allow patients to immediately use the pen 50. When patients desire more functionality, the dummy dial grip 10′ and/or the simple grip top may be replaced with a more complex dial grip or grip top, respectively. In order to accomplish this, the dummy dial grip 10′ may be provided for releasable attachment to the injection pen 50 and/or for releasable attachment of a grid top allowing a simple replacement of grip tops.

[0033] FIG. 2 shows another dial grip 10 for an injection pen in four different views from left to right: a side view of the dial grip 10 with an attached grip top 28; a cross section through the dial grip 10 with the attached grip top 28 showing internals of the attachment of the grip top 28 to the dial grip 10 and of locking levers 22; a cross section through the dial grip 10 with the detached grip top 28 showing internals of the grip top 28 and the locking levers 22; and a side view of the dial grip 10 without the grid top 28 showing details of a guide groove 24 provided in an handling part 14 of the dial grip 10. This dial grip 10 is provided for exchangeable grip tops 28 and can offer additional functionality to patients as will be described below. It may be for example offered as a replacement of a dummy dial grip if patients wish for example a more comfortable handling of an injection pen. However, in principle this dial grip 10 may also be shipped with an injection pen as a kind of dummy dial grip and being extendable with attachable and replaceable grip tops.

[0034] The most right drawing in FIG. 2 shows the dial grip 10 in a side view: a grip base 12 form the middle of the grip 10. The grip base 12 may be shaped like a coin with a diameter similar to the diameter of a distal end of an injection pen, at which the dial grip 10 may be attached. The grip base 12 comprises a handling side 16 and a lower side 20, both arranged opposite to each other like both sides of a coin. The lower side 20 is provided for abutting with a distal end of an injection pen's body 52 (as shown in FIG. 3), and the handling side 16 is provided for attaching a grip top 28 to the handling part 14 protruding from the handling side 16.

[0035] A handling part 14 is provided on the handling side 16. The handling part 14 may be formed like a cap extending from the handling side 16 of the grip base 12. The handling part 14 may be hollow to accommodate for example electronics. One or more guide grooves 24 may be provided in the handling part 14, particularly in its sidewall as shown in the most right drawing of FIG. 2. The guide groove 24 may be J-shaped with an open entry on one end of the J and an end section 25 extending from the other end of the J. The end section 25 may serve as a bed for a guide pin 30 of a grip top 28. Holders 26 are arranged in the end section 25 to releasably fix a guide pin 30 in the end sections.

[0036] A clutch 18 particularly comprising one or more clamp feet extends from the lower side 20 of the grip base 12. The clutch 18 is configured to engage with a dose selecting part of a dosage selection and expelling mechanism of the injection pen such that a turning of the dial grip 10 around its axis corresponding to the pen's axis incurs a rotation in the dosage selection and expelling mechanism of the injection pen for selecting a desired dose to be expelled. A collar 13 is arranged coaxially around the clutch 18. The collar 13 may serve as an aligner for the dial grip 10 during attachment to the injection pen and when being attached, as will be described later. Furthermore, the collar 13 may serve as a guiding for one or more locking levers 22, as will also be described later in detail.

[0037] The most left drawing in FIG. 2 shows the dial grip 10 with attached grip top 28 in a side view. The grip top 28 may comprise a grooved or ribbed surface making it easier to turn the grip top 28. The grip top 28 can be releasably attached to the dial grip 10 as the two cross-sectional side views in FIG. 2 show.

[0038] The grip top 28 comprises guide pins 30 arranged at its interior, as can be seen in the middle right drawing. The guide pins 30 may engage with the guide groves 24 when the grip top 28 is put over the handling part 14. The guide pins 30 are arranged to match with the guide grooves 24 such that when the grip top 28 is put over the handling part 14, the guide pins 30 may enter the entries of the guide grooves 24 and may be moved in the grooves 26 to the end section 25 by turning the grip top 28 on the handling part 14 around its axis in a clockwise direction (or counter clockwise direction depending on the arrangement of the guide grooves 24). The guide pin 30 then stops at the left bottom of the J-shaped guide groove 24, i.e., the grip top 28 cannot be turned further. By slightly pushing the grip top 28 in its axial direction on the dial grip 10 to the grip base 12, the guide pin 30 may be forced into the end section 25. In the end section 25, the guide pin 30 may be locked with the holder 26. The holder 26 may be hook-like shaped so that a smaller force may be required for putting the guide pins 30 into the end sections 25 than the force required to pull the guide pins 30 out of the end sections 25.

[0039] The holder 26 may be part of the locking lever 22, which may be embodied as levers with the holder 26 forming one end and the other end sticking out of the pen-side-end of the collar 13 when no grip top 28 is attached to the handling part 14 (as shown in the two right drawings of FIG. 2). Each locking lever 22 is guided by the collar 22 and movable between a lock position (shown in the two right drawings of FIG. 2) and an unlock position (shown in the left drawings of FIG. 2). Each locking lever 22 is moved in the unlock position when the grip top 28 is fully attached to the handling part 14, which means that guide pins 20 of the grip top 28 are latched in the end sections 25 of the guide grooves 24 and hold by the holder 26. In such a state, the guide pins 30 lift the holder 26 a little bit which causes the movement of the locking lever 22 from its lock into its unlock position.

[0040] The two middle drawings of FIG. 2 also show that electronics 32 and a particularly rechargeable battery 34 may be comprised by the grip top 28 and/or the handling part 14. The electronics 32 may be configured for at least one of recording, storing, processing, or transmitting one or more drug dosages selected and expelled with an injection device 50. Also, contacts 36 may be provided at the outside of the grip top 28 and/or the handling part 14. The contacts 36 may be provided for charging the battery 34, but may also be provided for data exchange of the electronics 32 with external devices. For example, the contacts 36 may be electrically connected to counter contacts of a charging station (not shown), which may be connected to a computer via a data cable such as an USB (Universal Serial Bus) connection, which may be used to supply power for charging and exchange data between the computer and the electronics 32. Thus, the grip top 28 or the dial grip 10 may be connected with an external device for data exchange. The electronics 32 may however also be configured for a wireless data with external devices, for example by implementing Bluetooth® connectivity, Near Field Communication (NFC) connectivity, and/or WiFi™ connectivity, thus allowing to wirelessly exchange data with external devices such as smartphones or tablet PCs. The contacts 36 are optional and may be only provided when a rechargeable battery 34 is applied. Instead of a rechargeable battery, a disposable battery such as a button cell may be used.

[0041] FIG. 3 shows the dial grip 10 attached to the distal end of the injection pen body 52. The grip base 12 abuts the end of the sleeve of the body 52. The collar 13 aligns the attached dial grip 10 in the body sleeve 52. The clutch 18 of the dial grip 10 engages with a dose selecting part 56 of the dose selection and expelling mechanism such that the clutch 18 and dose selecting part 56 are rotationally coupled.

[0042] In the left drawing of FIG. 3 the grip top 28 is not attached to the dial grip 10 so that the locking lever 22 is in the lock position, i.e., one end sticks out of the collar's 13 pen-sided end. The stick out end of the locking lever 22 lever engages with a locking lever reception 54 arranged on the inside of the pen's body sleeve 52. The locking lever reception 54 may be for example embodied as a crown blocking a rotation of the dial grip 10 relative to the pen's body sleeve 52 so that also the dose selecting part 56 cannot be turned and no dose selection is possible. Other implementations of the locking lever 22 and the locking lever reception 54 are possible as long as the function of blocking a rotation of the dial grip 10 relative to the pen's body sleeve 52 is fulfilled when no grip top 28 is attached to the dial grip 10.

[0043] The right drawing of FIG. 3 shows the grip top 28 fully attached to and locked with the dial grip 10. In this state, the guide pins 30 are seated in the end sections 25 of the guide grooves 24 (FIG. 2) and lift the holder 26 at one end of the locking lever 22 lever so that the locking lever 22 are brought into the unlock position, in which they no longer engage with the locking lever reception 54 on the inside of the pen's body sleeve 52. Thus, a rotation of the dial grip 10 with the attached grip top 28 relative to the pen's body sleeve 52 is possible, and, therefore, a dose can be selected by rotating the dose selecting part 56 rotationally coupled to the clutch 18 together with the rotation of the dial grip 10.

[0044] As can be seen in FIG. 3, the clutch 18 and the dose selecting part 56 may be designed for clicking in each other when the dial grip 10 is attached to the body 54, i.e., when the collar 13 is inserted into the body sleeve 54 until the grip base 12 abuts the sleeve's end. This allows removing the dial grip 10 from the pen's body 54 by pulling it out of the body sleeve 54 with a force large enough to overcome the click forces of both the clutch 18 and the dose selecting part 56.

[0045] FIG. 4 shows in a partly cross-section the guiding of the locking lever 22 by the collar 13: the lever part of the locking lever 22 is movably placed in a channel 13′ of the collar. Instead of a channel 13′, a groove may be also used as guiding for the lever part of the locking lever 22. The hook-like shaped holder 26 at the handling end of the locking lever 22 rests in the end section 25 of the guide groove 24. A retention spring 27 is placed above the holder 26 in a seat within the handling part 14 and puts a force on the holder 26 pressing the locking lever 22 down so that the lower end of the locking lever 22 picks out of the collar 13 and the channel 13′ for engagement with a locking lever reception 54 inside the body 52 of the injection pen (see FIG. 3).

[0046] It should be noted that even if the retention spring 27 is shown in an angular orientation, it could be also arranged in another orientation, for example a radial orientation pushing the holder outward.

[0047] It should be also noted that also another arrangement of the locking lever 22 is possible, for example hinged levers, as long as an arrest between the pen's body 52 and the dial grip 10 is obtained when the grip top 28 is removed.

[0048] The right drawing of FIG. 4 shows a state with a guide pin 30 resting in the end section 25 of the guide groove 24 when the grip top 28 is fully attached to the dial grip 10 (as shown in the right drawing in FIG. 3). The guide pin 30 is hold by the holder 26 in its position in the end section 25, and the holder 25 is upwardly pressed by the guide pin 30 against the force of the retention spring 27. This also causes an upward movement of the locking lever 22 so that it is entirely rested in the channel 13′ and no part of the locking lever 22 picks out of the collar 13 at its bottom. In this state, the dial grip 10 together with the fully attached grip top 28 can be turned around its longitudinal axis relative to the body 52 of the injection pen, and the moving clutch 18 can move the rotationally coupled dose selecting part 56 for selecting a dose.

[0049] The grip top 28 can be detached from the dial grip 10 be pulling it in an axial direction a little bit away from the grip base 12 so that the guide pin 30 is moved out of the end section 25, which requires a force larger than the force of the retention spring 27 is putting on the holder 26. As soon as the guide pin 30 is moved out of the end section 25, the retention spring 27 can expand and force the holder 26 and the locking lever 22 downward (as shown in the left drawing in FIG. 4) so that a relative movement of the dial grip 10 with regard to the body 52 of the injection pen is blocked and the further handling of the grip top 28 cannot result in an unintentional dose selecting or expelling. When the guide pin 30 can then be moved out of the end section 25, and the grip top 28 can be turned counter-clockwise to move the guide 30 in the section of the guide groove 24, which is essentially parallel to the grip base 12, until the guide pin 30 adjoins the axial section of the guide groove 24, which is open at the top of the handling part 14. The grip top 28 can finally be detached by pulling it axially away from the handling part 14 of the dial grip 10.

[0050] A detachment of the dial grip 10 from the injection pen's body 52 can be performed by turning the dial grip 10 to a 0IU stop of the dose selecting and expelling mechanism of the injection pen, then pulling the dial grip 10 axially outward and twisting the dial grip 10 further (over the 0IU stop, with the pen's mechanism staying at 0IU). Lastly, the dial grip 10 can be removed from the body 52 by pulling it axially off. This may be performed for replacing for example a dummy dial grip with a dial grip comprising additional functionality such as electronics.

[0051] The terms “drug” or “medicament” are used synonymously herein and describe a pharmaceutical formulation containing one or more active pharmaceutical ingredients or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof, and optionally a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. An active pharmaceutical ingredient (“API”), in the broadest terms, is a chemical structure that has a biological effect on humans or animals. In pharmacology, a drug or medicament is used in the treatment, cure, prevention, or diagnosis of disease or used to otherwise enhance physical or mental well-being. A drug or medicament may be used for a limited duration, or on a regular basis for chronic disorders.

[0052] As described below, a drug or medicament can include at least one API, or combinations thereof, in various types of formulations, for the treatment of one or more diseases. Examples of API may include small molecules having a molecular weight of 500 Da or less; polypeptides, peptides and proteins (e.g., hormones, growth factors, antibodies, antibody fragments, and enzymes); carbohydrates and polysaccharides; and nucleic acids, double or single stranded DNA (including naked and cDNA), RNA, antisense nucleic acids such as antisense DNA and RNA, small interfering RNA (siRNA), ribozymes, genes, and oligonucleotides. Nucleic acids may be incorporated into molecular delivery systems such as vectors, plasmids, or liposomes. Mixtures of one or more drugs are also contemplated.

[0053] The drug or medicament may be contained in a primary package or “drug container” adapted for use with a drug delivery device. The drug container may be, e.g., a cartridge, syringe, reservoir, or other solid or flexible vessel configured to provide a suitable chamber for storage (e.g., short- or long-term storage) of one or more drugs. For example, in some instances, the chamber may be designed to store a drug for at least one day (e.g., 1 to at least 30 days). In some instances, the chamber may be designed to store a drug for about 1 month to about 2 years. Storage may occur at room temperature (e.g., about 20° C.), or refrigerated temperatures (e.g., from about −4° C. to about 4° C.). In some instances, the drug container may be or may include a dual-chamber cartridge configured to store two or more components of the pharmaceutical formulation to-be-administered (e.g., an API and a diluent, or two different drugs) separately, one in each chamber. In such instances, the two chambers of the dual-chamber cartridge may be configured to allow mixing between the two or more components prior to and/or during dispensing into the human or animal body. For example, the two chambers may be configured such that they are in fluid communication with each other (e.g., by way of a conduit between the two chambers) and allow mixing of the two components when desired by a user prior to dispensing. Alternatively, or in addition, the two chambers may be configured to allow mixing as the components are being dispensed into the human or animal body.

[0054] The drugs or medicaments contained in the drug delivery devices as described herein can be used for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of many different types of medical disorders. Examples of disorders include, e.g., diabetes mellitus or complications associated with diabetes mellitus such as diabetic retinopathy, thromboembolism disorders such as deep vein or pulmonary thromboembolism. Further examples of disorders are acute coronary syndrome (ACS), angina, myocardial infarction, cancer, macular degeneration, inflammation, hay fever, atherosclerosis and/or rheumatoid arthritis. Examples of APIs and drugs are those as described in handbooks such as Rote Liste 2014, for example, without limitation, main groups 12 (anti-diabetic drugs) or 86 (oncology drugs), and Merck Index, 15th edition.

[0055] Examples of APIs for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus or complications associated with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus include an insulin, e.g., human insulin, or a human insulin analogue or derivative, a glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1), GLP-1 analogues or GLP-1 receptor agonists, or an analogue or derivative thereof, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, or any mixture thereof. As used herein, the terms “analogue” and “derivative” refers to a polypeptide which has a molecular structure which formally can be derived from the structure of a naturally occurring peptide, for example that of human insulin, by deleting and/or exchanging at least one amino acid residue occurring in the naturally occurring peptide and/or by adding at least one amino acid residue. The added and/or exchanged amino acid residue can either be codable amino acid residues or other naturally occurring residues or purely synthetic amino acid residues. Insulin analogues are also referred to as “insulin receptor ligands”. In particular, the term “derivative” refers to a polypeptide which has a molecular structure which formally can be derived from the structure of a naturally occurring peptide, for example that of human insulin, in which one or more organic substituent (e.g. a fatty acid) is bound to one or more of the amino acids. Optionally, one or more amino acids occurring in the naturally occurring peptide may have been deleted and/or replaced by other amino acids, including non-codeable amino acids, or amino acids, including non-codeable, have been added to the naturally occurring peptide. Examples of insulin analogues are Gly(A21), Arg(B31), Arg(B32) human insulin (insulin glargine); Lys(B3), Glu(B29) human insulin (insulin glulisine); Lys(B28), Pro(B29) human insulin (insulin lispro); Asp(B28) human insulin (insulin aspart); human insulin, wherein proline in position B28 is replaced by Asp, Lys, Leu, Val or Ala and wherein in position B29 Lys may be replaced by Pro; Ala(B26) human insulin; Des(B28-B30) human insulin; Des(B27) human insulin and Des(B30) human insulin.

[0056] Examples of insulin derivatives are, for example, B29-N-myristoyl-des(B30) human insulin, Lys(B29) (N-tetradecanoyl)-des(B30) human insulin (insulin detemir, Levemir®); B29-N-palmitoyl-des(B30) human insulin; B29-N-myristoyl human insulin; B29-N-palmitoyl human insulin; B28-N-myristoyl LysB28ProB29 human insulin; B28-N-palmitoyl-LysB28ProB29 human insulin; B30-N-myristoyl-ThrB29LysB30 human insulin; B30-N-palmitoyl-ThrB29LysB30 human insulin; B29-N-(N-palmitoyl-gamma-glutamyl)-des(B30) human insulin, B29-N-omega-carboxypentadecanoyl-gamma-L-glutamyl-des(B30) human insulin (insulin degludec, Tresiba®); B29-N-(N-lithocholyl-gamma-glutamyl)-des(B30) human insulin; B29-N-(ω-carboxyheptadecanoyl)-des(B30) human insulin and B29-N-(ω-carboxyheptadecanoyl) human insulin.

[0057] Examples of GLP-1, GLP-1 analogues and GLP-1 receptor agonists are, for example, Lixisenatide (Lyxumia®), Exenatide (Exendin-4, Byetta®, Bydureon®, a 39 amino acid peptide which is produced by the salivary glands of the Gila monster), Liraglutide (Victoza®), Semaglutide, Taspoglutide, Albiglutide (Syncria®), Dulaglutide (Trulicity®), rExendin-4, CJC-1134-PC, PB-1023, TTP-054, Langlenatide/HM-11260C, CM-3, GLP-1 Eligen, ORMD-0901, NN-9924, NN-9926, NN-9927, Nodexen, Viador-GLP-1, CVX-096, ZYOG-1, ZYD-1, GSK-2374697, DA-3091, MAR-701, MAR709, ZP-2929, ZP-3022, TT-401, BHM-034. MOD-6030, CAM-2036, DA-15864, ARI-2651, ARI-2255, Exenatide-XTEN and Glucagon-Xten.

[0058] An examples of an oligonucleotide is, for example: mipomersen sodium (Kynamro®), a cholesterol-reducing antisense therapeutic for the treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia. Examples of DPP4 inhibitors are Vildagliptin, Sitagliptin, Denagliptin, Saxagliptin, Berberine. Examples of hormones include hypophysis hormones or hypothalamus hormones or regulatory active peptides and their antagonists, such as Gonadotropine (Follitropin, Lutropin, Choriongonadotropin, Menotropin), Somatropine (Somatropin), Desmopressin, Terlipressin, Gonadorelin, Triptorelin, Leuprorelin, Buserelin, Nafarelin, and Goserelin.

[0059] Examples of polysaccharides include a glucosaminoglycane, a hyaluronic acid, a heparin, a low molecular weight heparin or an ultra-low molecular weight heparin or a derivative thereof, or a sulphated polysaccharide, e.g. a poly-sulphated form of the above-mentioned polysaccharides, and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. An example of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a poly-sulphated low molecular weight heparin is enoxaparin sodium. An example of a hyaluronic acid derivative is Hylan G-F 20 (Synvisc®), a sodium hyaluronate.

[0060] The term “antibody”, as used herein, refers to an immunoglobulin molecule or an antigen-binding portion thereof. Examples of antigen-binding portions of immunoglobulin molecules include F(ab) and F(ab′)2 fragments, which retain the ability to bind antigen. The antibody can be polyclonal, monoclonal, recombinant, chimeric, de-immunized or humanized, fully human, non-human, (e.g., murine), or single chain antibody. In some embodiments, the antibody has effector function and can fix complement. In some embodiments, the antibody has reduced or no ability to bind an Fc receptor. For example, the antibody can be an isotype or subtype, an antibody fragment or mutant, which does not support binding to an Fc receptor, e.g., it has a mutagenized or deleted Fc receptor binding region. The term antibody also includes an antigen-binding molecule based on tetravalent bispecific tandem immunoglobulins (TBTI) and/or a dual variable region antibody-like binding protein having cross-over binding region orientation (CODV).

[0061] The terms “fragment” or “antibody fragment” refer to a polypeptide derived from an antibody polypeptide molecule (e.g., an antibody heavy and/or light chain polypeptide) that does not comprise a full-length antibody polypeptide, but that still comprises at least a portion of a full-length antibody polypeptide that is capable of binding to an antigen. Antibody fragments can comprise a cleaved portion of a full length antibody polypeptide, although the term is not limited to such cleaved fragments. Antibody fragments that are useful in the present disclosure include, for example, Fab fragments, F(ab′)2 fragments, scFv (single-chain Fv) fragments, linear antibodies, monospecific or multispecific antibody fragments such as bispecific, trispecific, tetraspecific and multispecific antibodies (e.g., diabodies, triabodies, tetrabodies), monovalent or multivalent antibody fragments such as bivalent, trivalent, tetravalent and multivalent antibodies, minibodies, chelating recombinant antibodies, tribodies or bibodies, intrabodies, nanobodies, small modular immunopharmaceuticals (SMIP), binding-domain immunoglobulin fusion proteins, camelized antibodies, and VHH containing antibodies. Additional examples of antigen-binding antibody fragments are known in the art.

[0062] The terms “Complementarity-determining region” or “CDR” refer to short polypeptide sequences within the variable region of both heavy and light chain polypeptides that are primarily responsible for mediating specific antigen recognition. The term “framework region” refers to amino acid sequences within the variable region of both heavy and light chain polypeptides that are not CDR sequences, and are primarily responsible for maintaining correct positioning of the CDR sequences to permit antigen binding. Although the framework regions themselves typically do not directly participate in antigen binding, as is known in the art, certain residues within the framework regions of certain antibodies can directly participate in antigen binding or can affect the ability of one or more amino acids in CDRs to interact with antigen. Examples of antibodies are anti PCSK-9 mAb (e.g., Alirocumab), anti IL-6 mAb (e.g., Sarilumab), and anti IL-4 mAb (e.g., Dupilumab).

[0063] Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of any API described herein are also contemplated for use in a drug or medicament in a drug delivery device. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts are for example acid addition salts and basic salts.

[0064] Those of skill in the art will understand that modifications (additions and/or removals) of various components of the APIs, formulations, apparatuses, methods, systems and embodiments described herein may be made without departing from the full scope and spirit of the present invention, which encompass such modifications and any and all equivalents thereof.